Extending the Human Rights Atlas

Lead Research Organisation: University of Essex
Department Name: Inst for Democracy & Conflict Resolution

Abstract

This project is a continuation of the ESRC-funded follow-on project Human Rights Atlas (ES/J000728/1) which has collated data on basic country statistics, legal comitments and human rights practices for all the countries and territories in the world for the period 1981 to 2011 [www.humanrightsatlas.org].

The continuation phase involves updating of the data in the main flat file and actively disseminating the Atlas to a primary user group in Latin America; assisting the user group in using the Atlas to map and analyse human rights issues in Latin America for the period 1990 to 2011; and working with two private organisations - The Mackman Group and the Thomson Reuters Foundation - to continue to raise awareness about the Atlas.

The Latin American user group is being coordinated by the Faculty of Social Sciences in Mexico City (FLACSO), which is mapping human rights in the region and identifying gaps in knowledge about human rights using comparative statistical indicators of the kind already collated in the Human Rights Atlas. The work involves a workshop in Mexico City with FLACSO and its network of its researchers. The region itself had undergone remarkable and dramatic political transformations over the period envisaged for this study, including extraction from prolonged periods of authoritarianism, processes of transitional justice, re-establishment and consolidation of democracy, structural adjustment and macro-economic recovery, and rapid economic development among big regional actors such as Mexico, Brazil, Argentina and Chile. The Atlas provides a systematic resource that addresses the main data needs of this research network.

The second main part of the project is to work with the Mackman Group (a private sector partner in the original Human Rights Atlas project) and the Thomson Reuters Foundation (the charitable fundation of the global media company Thomson Reuters) to disseminate the Atlas resource and raise awareness about cross-national human rights indicators for a wide range of users, including key organisations from the public and private sectors. This part of the project will take advantage of the Mackman Group's marketing technologies and Thomson Reuters' AlertNet resource, which is dedicated to the humanitarian sector around the world. In addition to the on-line promotional work, the project will also host a large London-based user engagement event hosted by Thomson Reuters in its Canary Wharf facility. This event will feature high profile global leaders from the humanitarian sector to discuss the needs of users for systematic data and data visualisation of the kind carried out by the original Atlas project.

Planned Impact

This project engages in a series of applied interventions and awareness raising activities, including face to face meetings and knowledge exchange events in Mexico (with the Faculty of Social Sciences, FLACSO), the Thomson Reuters Foundation in London, international conferences, and press releases and electronic promotion through social media networks and email newsletter subscriptions.

The immediate beneficiaries of the project are scholars and practitioners working in the area of human rights, including academic researchers, PhD students, MA students, and researchers based at non-academic organisations. The project combines political, legal, social, and economic indicators in ways that allow for interrogation of the main data base and the generation of customised output. The Atlas is also of interest to non-governmental organisations, businesses, multinational corporations, and international financial institutions who are increasingly interested in human rights performance profiles of countries with whom they are actively engaged. To this end, the PI has over the last year been meeting with business and human rights professionals (e.g. a series of Mazar's events and meetings co-organised with Tomorrow's Company, and a Business and Human Rights workshop in St Gallen, Switzerland). A centralised provision of up to date information of this kind is a much needed resource for which there is growing demand. The Atlas can be used for research, education, policy making and other activities that have a bearing on the ways in which organisations based in the UK and abroad think and talk about human rights.

The extended Atlas includes regional pages to address the rapid sets of changes in the Middle East and North Africa, as well as those taking place in China and Burma. The FCO, DFID and the British Council have a keen interest The direct assistance provided to a network of Latin American researchers allows the Atlas team to take the resource to an active regional research network seeking to map human rights developments in a region that undergone dramatic political transformations over the last three decades. Engaging with Thomson Reuters through its AlertNet resource places the Atlas in the heart of the humanitarian on-line space with a recognised global media brand.

Publications

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Title The Rights Track 
Description The Rights Track is a human rights podcast resource, initially funded by the Nuffield Foundation (2015-2016) and then the ESRC Research Impact Accelerator Award (2016-2017). Series I released 12 podcasts on human rights research with leading international human rights academics. Series II features human rights practitioners who use academic research for their work on advancing human rights. 
Type Of Art Artefact (including digital) 
Year Produced 2015 
Impact The series has attracted considerable attention in the national media (Guardian January 2016), blogs (LSE impact blog in December 2015), and a new partnership with OpenGlobalRights, an international human rights blog resource. The resource has been used for a new MOOC on combating modern slavery, has formed part of the formal curriculum of the Essex Human Rights Summer School, and the Master in Sustainability Leadership at Judge Business School at Cambridge University. 
URL http://www.rightstrack.org
 
Description The project set out to expand, extend and revise the Human Rights Atlas with updated data to 2012, new language interfaces, and better functionality. All these aims have been achieved. The main achievements of the project have been (a) a stronger and more streamlined underpinning source code for the site; (b) better user interface that allows the use to zoom the maps, while also chossing items from the menu options; (c) a site that is now available in Spanish, Portuguese, French and Arabic; (d) strengthened relationships with partner organisations The Mackman Group, Thomson Reuters and FLACSO-Mexico, (e) a new base file of data that is available for 1980 to 2012; (f) new publications and presentations using the data set; (f) greater user engagement; and (g) educational engagement with a new PhD cohort at Essex and other students in the UK and internationally. These main aims have been accompanied by a major public event for the Atlas held at Thomson Reuters headquarters in Canary Wharf (8/11/2013), ongoing collaboration with FLACSO-Mexico, and the attraction of a major data supplier (the Cingranelli and Richards Human Rights Data Project ) to seek a new partnership with the Atlas team for future data collection and dissemination. The partnership with The Mackman Group remains strong as the Atlas now includes new features and more flexible code for future development, as well as an instructional video on how to use the atlas. FLASCO Mexico included Professor Landman in a human rights workshop, a book publication on measuring human rights in Latin America, and sharing of data from its own research on democracy and human rights in Latin America since 1990.
At a more detailed level, the project has involved collating and combining disparate sources of data on basic country performance and organising the data set into a time-series cross-section file with codebook. In addition to the raw data that were collected, the project also needed to convert and transpose these data for further visualisation. As the map have limited colour scales with which to depict the various different indicators, continuous measures such as population size, gross domestic product, land area and other measures needed to be converted into scales that are compatible with the map interface. This process of conversion used a 'visual binning' technique to subdivide the variable across its natural distribution (normal, positively skewed, or negatively skewed) in to meaningful catageories for plotting on the map.

There continues to be high demand for human rights indicators and human rights analysis from the international policy communities, the domestic and international non-governmental sector, and the national and international private sector. Landman delivered workshop sessions in 2013 and 2014 in Brussels for the European External Action Service (EEAS) and International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance. In all these instances and in the future, the provison of easy to understand and well presented data on human rights alongside specialised analsysis and training continues to be of use to policy makers seeking to include human rights in their programme development. For example, BBC Media Action has been working on media participation and good governance, where they are trying to combine their own data with other existing data set such as the data in this project. Ongoing discussion are in process to engage BBC Media Action with Essex academics in ways that fulfil their mission and assist in their DFID-funded work. The are also plans to continue to engage with the Westminster Foundation for Democracy after five years of successful collaboration in areas of parliamentary strengthening, good governance and human rights; all of which will benefit from the Atlas project.
Exploitation Route With the additional languages in the resource we can reach new audiences with an interest in the measurement, assessment and analysis of human rights conditions. The resource is useful for teaching, research and knowledge exchange.

There continues to be high demand for human rights indicators and human rights analysis from the international policy communities, the domestic and international non-governmental sector, and the national and international private sector. Landman delivered workshop sessions in 2013 and 2014 in Brussels for the European External Action Service (EEAS) and International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance. In all these instances and in the future, the provison of easy to understand and well presented data on human rights alongside specialised analsysis and training continues to be of use to policy makers seeking to include human rights in their programme development. For example, BBC Media Action has been working on media participation and good governance, where they are trying to combine their own data with other existing data set such as the data in this project. Ongoing discussion are in process to engage BBC Media Action with Essex academics in ways that fulfil their mission and assist in their DFID-funded work. The are also plans to continue to engage with the Westminster Foundation for Democracy after five years of successful collaboration in areas of parliamentary strengthening, good governance and human rights; all of which will benefit from the Atlas project.

The data here is now being combined with the Global Slavery Index and is yielding a whole new series of papers on explaining the causes and consequences of slavery, one part of which is a strong empirical relationship with human rights. I have drafted a new paper on this already and I am collaborating with Professor Kevin Bales, CMG on a new paper about women's rights and slavery. This is a very fruitful new direction in my own research and is feeding into new grant applications and outputs.
Sectors Digital/Communication/Information Technologies (including Software),Education,Government, Democracy and Justice,Security and Diplomacy

URL http://www.humanrightsatlas.org
 
Description The atlas provides a use friendly resource for global data on country performance, legal commitments and human rights protection. The tool has been used for education, research and knowledge exchange. The data have appeared in education programmes, peer reviewed journal articles, and training workshops with scholars and practitioners. We updated to data to include a times series extending to 2012 and added four additional languages, including Spanish, Portuguese, French and Arabic.
First Year Of Impact 2014
Sector Education,Government, Democracy and Justice,Security and Diplomacy
Impact Types Societal,Policy & public services

 
Description The Rights Track Series II
Amount £10,000 (GBP)
Organisation Economic and Social Research Council 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 09/2016 
End 08/2017
 
Description Delta 8.7 at the United Nations University New York 
Organisation United Nations University
Country Japan 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution As part of its wider research programme on ending modern slavery, the University of Nottingham has established a partnership with Delta 8.7, a world leading data platform for combatting modern slavery based at the United Nations University offices in New York City. Executive Director Todd Landman met with Delta 8.7 in November 2017 and now has a dedicated data forum, where members of the research team provide content on quantitative approaches to combatting modern slavery. Members of the research team are part of a two day conference on the use of machine learning, data analytics, and artificial intelligence in researching and combatting modern slavery.
Collaborator Contribution Delta 8.7 have hosted Todd Landman in New York and provided an electronic platform and editing services for high quality research content on quantitative approaches to researching and combatting modern slavery. Delta 8.7 have supported the research at Nottingham with wide and comprehensive sharing of its content on social media.
Impact Todd Landman and other researchers are participating in Code 8.7, a two day conference in New York on computational social science and AI to combat moderrn slavery. https://delta87.org/code87/
Start Year 2017
 
Description Research Podcasts 
Organisation The Rights Track
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution Research Podcasts has worked with me to disseminate my own research findings to wider non-specialist audience. I provided content in the form of articles and books, as well as the human rights atlas data set, which was then used to construct a series of six podcasts. I identified the Nuffield Foundation as a possible funder for a wider project on human rights podcasts. We were successful in getting a new grant for this project, which we call The Rights Track (http://www.rightstrack.org), which was launched on 10 December 2015. The Rights Track podcast series had a very successful first year, and has received additional funding for a second series from the ESRC Research Impact Accelerator Award for 2016-2017. We have received three additional years of funding for the Rights Track with series three and four featuring podcast content on the systematic analysis of the problem of modern slavery. Research Podcasts continues to supply support, coordination, web hosting and web updates, and recording and editing.
Collaborator Contribution Research Podcasts taught me how to create podcasts and how to push content into new domains through social media, as well as editorial pieces for mainstream media. Research Podcasts helped prepare our bid to the Nuffield Foundation and now supports the Rights Track project through communications, planning, producing and mounting our podcasts. Research Podcasts helped develop series two, three, and four with additional funding coming from the ESRC Impact Accelerator Ward held at the University of Nottingham, and the Rights Lab, a University of Nottingham research Beacon of Excellence dedicated to researching and ending modern slavery.
Impact Articles in the Guardian on the benefits of podcasting for academics. A piece in the LSE Impact Blog site on launch day of the podcast site. New links with Open Democracy and openGlobalRights. The podcast content is being used for educational programmes in human rights and course modules on combating modern slavery.
Start Year 2014
 
Description Cabinet Office - Private Sector Data on Modern Slavery-related Activities 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Todd Landman led a delegation from the Rights Lab, a University of Nottingham research beacon of excellence on combating modern slavery at the Cabinet Office for a workshop on the use of private sector data to understand modern slavery in the UK. The event included representatives from the Home Office, HMRC, the National Crime Agency, and Experian, as well as anti-slavery NGOs.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
 
Description Home Office Training Workshop 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Todd Landman led a workshop on monitoring and evaluation hosted by the Home Office that included representatives from the Foreign and Commonwealth Office and the UK Department for International Development (DFID). The event was grounded in the quantitative analysis of human rights but with a focus on anti-slavery interventions.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
 
Description Human Rights Summer School 2016 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Day long session on the challenges and contours of comparative research and quantitive methods used to study human rights problems. This is part of the annual human rights summer school run by the University of Essex Human Rights Centre
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016
URL https://www.essex.ac.uk/hrc/summerschool/