Molecular and ecological investigations into the infection process of Eurychasma dicksonii on brown algae
Lead Research Organisation:
University of Aberdeen
Department Name: School of Medical Sciences
Abstract
Many of the most devastating agricultural and aquacultural pathogens belong to the group of oomycetes. In addition, many oomycetes seriously impact upon the ecology of natural populations. In coastal marine ecosystems, the oomycete Eurychasma dicksonii is thought to contribute to shaping populations of brown algae. It not only has the largest reported host range among marine pathogens - infecting virtually every brown algal species tested so far, but it is also the most prevalent eukaryotic pathogen in natural brown macroalgal populations. Remarkably, virtually nothing is known about many fundamental aspects of pathogenicity, biology, epidemiology, and ecology of E. dicksonii. As part of the Oceans 2025 core strategic program, we are currently developing tools to study the impact of E. dicksonii epidemics on algal populations and coastal ecosystems. However, many unresolved biological questions are of critical importance to underpin this undertaking. Understanding why E. dicksonii has such a wide host-range, what makes this pathogen so successful, and what pathogenicity determinants and infection strategies it uses to infect its hosts will shed light on how natural brown algal populations are affected by epidemic outbreaks of E. dicksonii, and how this pathogen might influence their genetic structure. This application aims to address these issues in more detail. Identified determinants of host specificity will further be correlated to the genetic and biogeographical background of the pathogen from sites around the world. At the completion of this study, we expect to demonstrate that E. dicksonii is secreting effector molecules that may be translocated into the host cells, and that are under diversifying selection. We hope to generate precise hypotheses on their role in the biotrophic interaction of E. dicksonii with its hosts, as well as its impact on natural brown algal populations.
Organisations
People |
ORCID iD |
Pieter Van West (Principal Investigator) |
Publications
Cock JM
(2010)
The Ectocarpus genome and the independent evolution of multicellularity in brown algae.
in Nature
Fletcher K
(2015)
Novel lineage of a green alga and Acremonium stroudii (Ascomycota) sp. nov. reported from Ascension Island
in Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom
Fletcher K
(2015)
New record and phylogenetic affinities of the oomycete Olpidiopsis feldmanni infecting Asparagopsis sp. (Rhodophyta)
in Diseases of Aquatic Organisms
Frithjof C Küpper (Author)
Seaweed and Oomycete Diversity in the Canadian Marine Arctic
in Ocean Explorer
Gachon C
(2017)
Pathogens of brown algae: culture studies of Anisolpidium ectocarpii and A. rosenvingei reveal that the Anisolpidiales are uniflagellated oomycetes
in European Journal of Phycology
Gachon CM
(2010)
Algal diseases: spotlight on a black box.
in Trends in plant science
Gleason F
(2011)
Zoosporic true fungi in marine ecosystems: a review
in Marine and Freshwater Research
Grenville-Briggs L
(2011)
A molecular insight into algal-oomycete warfare: cDNA analysis of Ectocarpus siliculosus infected with the basal oomycete Eurychasma dicksonii.
in PloS one
Grenville-Briggs L
(2010)
Identification of appressorial and mycelial cell wall proteins and a survey of the membrane proteome of Phytophthora infestans
in Fungal Biology
Grenville-Briggs LJ
(2013)
A family of small tyrosine rich proteins is essential for oogonial and oospore cell wall development of the mycoparasitic oomycete Pythium oligandrum.
in Fungal biology
Haas BJ
(2009)
Genome sequence and analysis of the Irish potato famine pathogen Phytophthora infestans.
in Nature
Küpper FC
(2016)
Arctic marine phytobenthos of northern Baffin Island.
in Journal of phycology
Lévesque CA
(2010)
Genome sequence of the necrotrophic plant pathogen Pythium ultimum reveals original pathogenicity mechanisms and effector repertoire.
in Genome biology
Robideau GP
(2011)
DNA barcoding of oomycetes with cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and internal transcribed spacer.
in Molecular ecology resources
Sarowar MN
(2014)
Reprint of: Saprolegnia strains isolated from river insects and amphipods are broad spectrum pathogens.
in Fungal biology
Sarowar MN
(2013)
Saprolegnia strains isolated from river insects and amphipods are broad spectrum pathogens.
in Fungal biology
Sayer MD
(2013)
Managing scientific diving operations in a remote location: the Canadian high Arctic.
in Diving and hyperbaric medicine
Strittmatter M
(2009)
Oomycete Genetics and Genomics - Diversity, Interactions, and Research Tools
Strittmatter M
(2016)
Infection of the brown alga Ectocarpus siliculosus by the oomycete Eurychasma dicksonii induces oxidative stress and halogen metabolism.
in Plant, cell & environment
Vetukuri RR
(2011)
Evidence for involvement of Dicer-like, Argonaute and histone deacetylase proteins in gene silencing in Phytophthora infestans.
in Molecular plant pathology
Whisson, S.C., Grenville Briggs, L.J., Van West, P., & Avrova, A.O.
(2009)
Oomycete Genetics and Genomics: Biology, Interactions with Plants and Animals, and Toolbox.
Description | Many of the most devastating agricultural and aquacultural pathogens belong to the Oomycetes. These oomycetes seriously impact upon the ecology of natural populations. In coastal marine ecosystems, the oomycete Eurychasma dicksonii is thought to shape populations of brown algae. It not only has the largest reported host range among marine pathogens - infecting virtually every brown algal species tested so far, but it is also the most prevalent eukaryotic pathogen in natural brown macroalgal populations. Our research into understanding why Eurychasma has such a wide host-range, what makes it so successful, and what pathogenicity determinants and infection strategies it uses to infect its hosts has shed light on how natural brown algal populations are affected by epidemic outbreaks. We identified determinants of host specificity and this has been correlated with the genetic and biogeographical background of the pathogen from sites around the world. Furthermore we obtained important information about what genes of Eurychasma are expressed during the interaction with its host |
Exploitation Route | The gene sequences that have been generated are in the public domain and are used by the scientific community |
Sectors | Agriculture, Food and Drink,Chemicals,Education,Environment,Other |