Modelling Radiation Transfer through Tissue

Radiation transfer through complex systems (such as tissue) can be modelled using Monte Carlo techniques.

The proposed PhD program is to research the effectiveness of sunscreens in blocking UV radiation, and the effect on DNA in skin cells of any light transmitted by the sunscreen. Monte Carlo simulations have been identified as a suitable technique to simulate the incident light and the absorbance and reflecting properties of sunscreen.

Sunscreen can be applied to skin to protect against exposure to UV radiation. In most sunscreens, this is achieved using a combination of ingredients. Inorganic compounds such as zinc oxide reflect or scatter UV light, and organic compounds absorb UV light.

Sunscreens are classified by a Sun Protection Factor (SPF) rating, which is determined by an internationally standardised test.
However, this test does not replicate the way sunscreen is typically used (for example, the typical amount of cream applied to the skin by a sunscreen user amounts to less than 25% of the recommended thickness).

The proposed PhD project will involve simulating how UV light penetrates sunscreen, and what impact this incident UV light on the skin has on the DNA in skin cells. As a result, it is envisaged that the project will involve a high level of interdisciplinary work. The proposed project will focus on computational modelling of physical processes. To do this accurately experimental work will form a part of the PhD, using equipment in the Scottish Photodynamic Therapy Centre. Along with the physics of radiation transfer through the skin, the project aims to model the impact of incident UV light on the biochemistry of cells.

Training:
Parallel computing
Experimental work

Key words: Tissue Radiation Transfer