Building as a Power Plant: The use of buildings to provide demand response
Lead Research Organisation:
Newcastle University
Department Name: Sch of Engineering
Abstract
The aim of the proposed feasibility study is to evaluate the potential for buildings to provide demand response to electrical networks.
Demand response is a way of managing grid constraints. This work is relevant to the UK's electricity system, since greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets are expected to result in greater use of renewables and greater electricity demand (through electrification of heat and transport loads), both of which impact on the way the electricity grid will operate in the future. The UK Government wishes to support flexibility in the electricity system, and recently requested evidence to support the development of greater flexibility.
Demand response programs typically involve very large demand centres, co-ordinated by National Grid. In this instance we are interested in much smaller loads (which could be grouped together), which could offer services to the local Distribution Network Operator. Buildings can provide significant Demand Side Response capabilities given the nature of the thermal and electrical properties of buildings. This may be particularly useful in urban areas, where the electricity grid may be under greater strain in the future.
Buildings could operate individually, or coordinate with other sites and assets in urban areas to form a Virtual Power Plant.
The building we propose to study is the Urban Sciences Building. The Urban Sciences Building is located on Science Central, a 24-acre physical site being developed in partnership between Newcastle University and Newcastle City Council to provide a smart, sustainable, resilient city which links energy, transport and digital infrastructure in an urban context. The building will be a unique environment and a 'living' laboratory. The Urban Sciences Building is equipped with hundreds of sensors that can measure energy supply and demand. The building incorporates photovoltaic generation and large scale grid-connected battery storage. These two technologies can respond to local network needs for services (e.g. peak-shaving), and also act as a power source for the building in case of loss of mains power (i.e. islanded operation). The building is therefore ideal to study, due to the types of load and generation in the building. The site is also ideal to study, since the network is instrumented and other loads are close by.
The academic team has the necessary skills to deliver the proposed programme of work, since the team has research expertise in buildings, electrical networks and storage. The team also benefit from collaboration with a number of industrial partners, who bring commercial expertise in similar fields. This ensures that project team are aware of the needs of a range of parties including:
Building designers (Hawkins Brown, Buro Happold, NG Bailey)
Building constructors (Bower and Kirkjland)
Building operators (Newcastle University Estates department)
Building Energy Management System provider (Siemens)
Distribution Network Operator (Northern Powergrid)
Site owner and developer (Newcastle City Council)
Site energy service provider (Engie)
Domestic property developer (Keepmoat)
These industry and public sector partners provide direction to the project team through an Advisory Board.
The Urban Sciences Building will be studied in detail, in order to analyse the size of load and generation, the speed of response available, and the potential duration of response. Once this analysis has been completed and the nature of Demand Side Response understood, we will then quantify the benefits for the local and wider networks and their operators. Operating the building to offer a Demand Side Response service will require changes to the management of the building. We will define the criteria for a new Building Energy Management System structure. We also plan to investigate the market barriers and enablers which affect the delivery of Demand Side Response by a single building, or groups of assets.
Demand response is a way of managing grid constraints. This work is relevant to the UK's electricity system, since greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets are expected to result in greater use of renewables and greater electricity demand (through electrification of heat and transport loads), both of which impact on the way the electricity grid will operate in the future. The UK Government wishes to support flexibility in the electricity system, and recently requested evidence to support the development of greater flexibility.
Demand response programs typically involve very large demand centres, co-ordinated by National Grid. In this instance we are interested in much smaller loads (which could be grouped together), which could offer services to the local Distribution Network Operator. Buildings can provide significant Demand Side Response capabilities given the nature of the thermal and electrical properties of buildings. This may be particularly useful in urban areas, where the electricity grid may be under greater strain in the future.
Buildings could operate individually, or coordinate with other sites and assets in urban areas to form a Virtual Power Plant.
The building we propose to study is the Urban Sciences Building. The Urban Sciences Building is located on Science Central, a 24-acre physical site being developed in partnership between Newcastle University and Newcastle City Council to provide a smart, sustainable, resilient city which links energy, transport and digital infrastructure in an urban context. The building will be a unique environment and a 'living' laboratory. The Urban Sciences Building is equipped with hundreds of sensors that can measure energy supply and demand. The building incorporates photovoltaic generation and large scale grid-connected battery storage. These two technologies can respond to local network needs for services (e.g. peak-shaving), and also act as a power source for the building in case of loss of mains power (i.e. islanded operation). The building is therefore ideal to study, due to the types of load and generation in the building. The site is also ideal to study, since the network is instrumented and other loads are close by.
The academic team has the necessary skills to deliver the proposed programme of work, since the team has research expertise in buildings, electrical networks and storage. The team also benefit from collaboration with a number of industrial partners, who bring commercial expertise in similar fields. This ensures that project team are aware of the needs of a range of parties including:
Building designers (Hawkins Brown, Buro Happold, NG Bailey)
Building constructors (Bower and Kirkjland)
Building operators (Newcastle University Estates department)
Building Energy Management System provider (Siemens)
Distribution Network Operator (Northern Powergrid)
Site owner and developer (Newcastle City Council)
Site energy service provider (Engie)
Domestic property developer (Keepmoat)
These industry and public sector partners provide direction to the project team through an Advisory Board.
The Urban Sciences Building will be studied in detail, in order to analyse the size of load and generation, the speed of response available, and the potential duration of response. Once this analysis has been completed and the nature of Demand Side Response understood, we will then quantify the benefits for the local and wider networks and their operators. Operating the building to offer a Demand Side Response service will require changes to the management of the building. We will define the criteria for a new Building Energy Management System structure. We also plan to investigate the market barriers and enablers which affect the delivery of Demand Side Response by a single building, or groups of assets.
Planned Impact
While modern building designs and energy management systems can support more rational and efficient energy use there is little consideration of how commercial and mixed-usage buildings can provide Demand Side Response and what the benefits from delivering these services can be. One of the main barriers for this is the lack of sufficient evidence, in the form case-studies, to quantify building capabilities and identify technically viable and cost-effective methods to achieve this. By implementing the proposed study on a fully-instrumented building the benefits of performing such operations for both the building owners and networks can be clearly identified. This will contribute significantly to the understanding of the role of such buildings to offer network services individually and in coordinated ways such as in the case of Virtual Power Plants and improve the overall landscape of Demand Side Response.
The potential for buildings to provide demand response to electrical networks is highly relevant to the following groups of industrial sectors:
- Building designers (architects, building mechanical heating and ventilation system designers, building constructors)
- Building operators
- Building management system and data management system designers
- Network operators
- Demand Side Response aggregators
and to the following groups of public sectors:
- Local authorities
- Social landlords
We will achieve this impact from a combination of approaches
- Engagement with a panel of key industrial and public participants supporting the project. This includes data exchange, collaborative working and provision of expertise on all WPs
- Representation of key stakeholders and end-users of the project outcomes in the project Advisory Board. All members are in a unique position to liaise with professional networks and dissemination channels regarding the outcomes of the project. The Advisory Board includes building designers and operators, management system developers, network operators and service aggregators who will be in a position to influence the outcomes based on their particular needs during the course of the project through a series of meetings. Participation of local authorities and social landlords in the Advisory Board also ensures high relevance and direct linking with societal needs.
- Research outputs will be reported in high quality, peer-reviewed journals and at subject-leading conferences including the IEEE PES General Meeting and CIRED. Academic publications are identified as deliverables, amounting to at least two papers. We envisage additional journal publications through collaboration with our international research network, although this is likely to be delivered beyond the end of the 18 month research project period.
- The proposed feasibility study and outcomes are highly complementary and strongly linked with the Centre for Energy Systems Integration led by Newcastle. The Centre comprises a cohort of national and international academic institutions and research centres including UKERC, NREL and EPRI. All of these organisation have a significant interest in Demand Side Response and in the concept of Virtual Power Plants. This network will be used as a means of communicating and disseminating project. The project outcomes will be immediately exploitable by the Centre supported by national and international policy makers including Ofgem and the Energy Systems Catapult outcomes and ideas. This will be achieved mainly via regular teleconferencing, and academic visits.
- The study will enable the implementation and demonstration of Demand Side Response capabilities in Science Central through follow on research/demonstration projects. This is an important potential for additional impact as the study can be followed with experimentation using the building and surrounding site. Stakeholders will therefore be in a position to directly implement and validate results of the work.
The potential for buildings to provide demand response to electrical networks is highly relevant to the following groups of industrial sectors:
- Building designers (architects, building mechanical heating and ventilation system designers, building constructors)
- Building operators
- Building management system and data management system designers
- Network operators
- Demand Side Response aggregators
and to the following groups of public sectors:
- Local authorities
- Social landlords
We will achieve this impact from a combination of approaches
- Engagement with a panel of key industrial and public participants supporting the project. This includes data exchange, collaborative working and provision of expertise on all WPs
- Representation of key stakeholders and end-users of the project outcomes in the project Advisory Board. All members are in a unique position to liaise with professional networks and dissemination channels regarding the outcomes of the project. The Advisory Board includes building designers and operators, management system developers, network operators and service aggregators who will be in a position to influence the outcomes based on their particular needs during the course of the project through a series of meetings. Participation of local authorities and social landlords in the Advisory Board also ensures high relevance and direct linking with societal needs.
- Research outputs will be reported in high quality, peer-reviewed journals and at subject-leading conferences including the IEEE PES General Meeting and CIRED. Academic publications are identified as deliverables, amounting to at least two papers. We envisage additional journal publications through collaboration with our international research network, although this is likely to be delivered beyond the end of the 18 month research project period.
- The proposed feasibility study and outcomes are highly complementary and strongly linked with the Centre for Energy Systems Integration led by Newcastle. The Centre comprises a cohort of national and international academic institutions and research centres including UKERC, NREL and EPRI. All of these organisation have a significant interest in Demand Side Response and in the concept of Virtual Power Plants. This network will be used as a means of communicating and disseminating project. The project outcomes will be immediately exploitable by the Centre supported by national and international policy makers including Ofgem and the Energy Systems Catapult outcomes and ideas. This will be achieved mainly via regular teleconferencing, and academic visits.
- The study will enable the implementation and demonstration of Demand Side Response capabilities in Science Central through follow on research/demonstration projects. This is an important potential for additional impact as the study can be followed with experimentation using the building and surrounding site. Stakeholders will therefore be in a position to directly implement and validate results of the work.
Organisations
- Newcastle University (Lead Research Organisation, Project Partner)
- Keepmoat (United Kingdom) (Project Partner)
- Newcastle City Council (Project Partner)
- BuroHappold (United Kingdom) (Project Partner)
- Bowmer and Kirkland Ltd (Project Partner)
- Northern Powergrid (United Kingdom) (Project Partner)
- Siemens plc (UK) (Project Partner)
- Hawkins\Brown Architects LLP (Project Partner)
Publications
M R
(2019)
Carbon mitigation unit costs of building retrofits and the scope for carbon tax, a case study
in Energy and Buildings
Royapoor M
(2020)
Building as a virtual power plant, magnitude and persistence of deferrable loads and human comfort implications
in Energy and Buildings
Description | The research has identified that, over the course of 24 hours, on average the Urban Sciences Building building can offer between 14% and 46% electrical demand reduction. One issue for the researchers was missing data. Some sensors are not functioning, or the data streams are not being correctly identified and stored on the server database. As a result, the research team investigated ways in which missing data could be imputed from the available data. |
Exploitation Route | We are using findings as a foundation for the research in the new grant, the Active Building Centre, with Swansea University. |
Sectors | Construction Energy |
Description | The University Estates Department have been in discussion with Flexitricity (introduced through the project) to participate in a Demand Response trial called Quickturn. Research submitted as part of Newcastle University evidence to House of Commons Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy Committee on Decarbonising heat in homes, Seventh Report of Session 2021-22 (evidence reference number 83). |
First Year Of Impact | 2022 |
Sector | Education,Energy |
Impact Types | Economic Policy & public services |
Description | Active Building Centre |
Amount | £35,947,427 (GBP) |
Funding ID | EP/S016627/1 |
Organisation | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) |
Sector | Public |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 08/2018 |
End | 03/2022 |
Title | Data for: Building as a Virtual Power Plant, Magnitude and Persistence of Deferrable Loads and Human Comfort Implications |
Description | Data in summary: 1- Building total B side: This is metered data from one of two mains busbars that supplies all none-emergency services and HVAC equipment 2- Building total A side: This is metered data from the second of two mains busbars that supplies all emergency services including fire safety, comm rooms, emergency lighting and public announcement. It also is connected to a PV array with peak electrical supply of around 33kWe. 3- Half hourly building demand and deferrable load breakdowns: This is processed data that includes building total and HH instances of deferrable loads for all sub-categories of loads considered in this work. It also includes HH instances of PV generation, and outside air temperature. 4- Early morning ramp rates following plant start-up: This is a file containing the difference between two instantaneous recordings of total building electricity consumption that shows the continuous fluctuation in total electricity demand in the building. 5- CO2-raw (Typical office): This files contains actual CO2 data in an office that represents typical space occupant density in the case study building. 6- CO2-raw (worst case): This files contains actual CO2 data in a teaching space that represents the highest observed space occupant density in the case study building. 7- Warming and cooling rates in the worst case zones: This file include actual data describing the operational temperature in the worst case zones most prone to overheating in summer and excessive heat loss in winter. |
Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
Year Produced | 2020 |
Provided To Others? | Yes |
Impact | This data supports the journal output "Building as a Virtual Power Plant, Magnitude and Persistence of Deferrable Loads and Human Comfort Implications" |
URL | https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/g523kyy4v7/1 |
Description | BEIS / Energy Systems Catapult Workshop - 11/6/2018 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | BEIS / ESC Workshop on 2050 calculator - London |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
Description | BEIS POWERful Women Energy Leaders Reception - 23/5/2018 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
Results and Impact | BEIS POWERful Women Energy Leaders Reception, House of Lords |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
Description | BaPP Industrial Advisory Committee meeting |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
Results and Impact | BaPP Industrial Advisory Committee meeting, Newcastle |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
Description | BaPP Kick off meeting with Industrial Advisory Committee |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
Results and Impact | BaPP Kick off meeting with Industrial Advisory Committee, Newcastle |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
Description | Building back better: Construction post covid19 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
Results and Impact | Invited attendance - Northumbria University: Building back better: Construction post covid19 - MOBIE Applications Launch - with industrial partners IC3, cene, Dynamo North East, One Voice, CIC North East, MOBIE |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
Description | CIBSE Energy Performance Group Power Hour - presentation |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
Results and Impact | CIBSE Energy Performance Group Power Hour, London - presentation by Peter Davison |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
Description | CIBSE NE: Demand Response and its comfort implications in a commercial building - October 2019 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
Results and Impact | CIBSE NE: Demand Response and its comfort implications in a commercial building - invited speaker |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
URL | https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/cibse-north-east-demand-response-and-its-comfort-implications-in-a-co... |
Description | CIBSE Resilient city event |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | CIBSE Resilient cities webinar: Modelling, master planning and urban design - a holistic and fair response to a climate emergency |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
URL | https://youtu.be/KZlUZiYDXkM |
Description | CREDS Energy Demand Networking Hub event - May 2019 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | CREDS Energy Demand Networking Hub event, Birmingham - invitation only |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
URL | https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/energy-demand-networking-hub-tickets-57082888456# |
Description | Chartered Institute of Building Services Engineering Seminar |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
Results and Impact | A seminar for North East branch of Chartered Institute of Building Services Engineering on Demand Response and its Comfort Implications in a Commercial Building. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
Description | Continuing Professional Development delivered to Scottish Government, 29/8/23 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
Results and Impact | presentation to lunchtime learn session of Scottish Government team, around Building as a Power Plant and the follow on Energy Demand Research Centre |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
Description | EPSRC EUED Tech Panel |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | Member EUED Tech Panel - attended panel meeting to review proposals |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
Description | EPSRC Industrial Strategy Challenge Fund information event - 19/4/2018 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | Industrial strategy challenge fund - transforming construction - information event- 19/4/2018 |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
Description | Energy Data Taskforce |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | Energy data taskforce meeting, London, attended by Mehdi Pazhoohesh |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
Description | Energy Futures Lab: Smart & flexible electric heat |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | Attended Energy Futures Lab: Smart & flexible electric heat briefing paper launch |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
URL | https://www.imperial.ac.uk/events/122281/smart-and-flexible-electric-heat-briefing-paper-launch/ |
Description | Energy Institute North East Branch - invited talk |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
Results and Impact | Energy Institute North East Branch - invited talk |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
Description | Energy Systems: Storage 2018 - 5/11/2018 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | Panel member for RenewableUK at Solar Trade Association Report launch, London |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
Description | Flexitricity Meeting |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
Results and Impact | Meeting with Flextricity in Newcastle |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
Description | Invited Speaker - Groningen Unviersity Webinar |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | Invited speaker for webinar hosted by Groningen University IREES on Building as a power plant |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
URL | https://www.rug.nl/research/irees/calendar/2020/irees-colloquium-building-as-a-power-plant-guest-lec... |
Description | Meeting with Indiana University - 9/11/2018 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | Meeting with Indiana University in Newcastle |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
Description | Networks Award 2021 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
Results and Impact | Judge of Networks Awards 2021 |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
Description | RAEng Event: Data-driven culture change - 27/11/2018 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | RAEng Event: Data-driven culture change - invite only event |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
Description | Tyndall Centre, Manchester University - guest lecture - June 2019 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | Tyndall Centre, Manchester University - guest lecture |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
Description | UK Energy Storage Conference 2018 - 20-22/3/2018 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | UKES Conference at USB, Newcastle. Keynote speaker and session chair on policy & economics of energy storage |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
URL | http://ukenergystorage.co/ |
Description | Visit by Chief Scientific Advisor, BEIS - 16/7/2018 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
Results and Impact | Visit by Chief Scientific Advisor at BEIS to USB |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
Description | Visit by Nissan to Newcastle University Urban Sciences Building - May 2019 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
Results and Impact | Visit by Nissan and tour of Newcastle University Urban Sciences Building; chaired session |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018,2019 |
Description | Webinar on Buildings as Power Plants |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | Professor Walker provided a presentation on Buildings as Power Plants for the Professional & Educational Activities Subcommittee |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
Description | Werin networking event - Fuel poverty alleviation |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
Results and Impact | Delivered talk & chaired panel |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
Description | Women in Sustainability Professional Network Meeting - 28/6/2018 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | Women in Sustainability Network workshop, Newcastle |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
Description | Workshop with Qbots |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | Workshop with Qbots, Newcastle, attended by Mohammad Royapoor and Mehdi Pazhoohesh |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |