Genetic diversity in immune response
Lead Research Organisation:
THE PIRBRIGHT INSTITUTE
Department Name: UNLISTED
Abstract
Abstracts are not currently available in GtR for all funded research. This is normally because the abstract was not required at the time of proposal submission, but may be because it included sensitive information such as personal details.
Technical Summary
Interaction of virus with the host is fundamental to initiate an infection and to complete a successful replication cycle, however, the outcome of this initiation depends up several factors of both virus and host origins. Among host responses, the most profound and first-line-of-defense is the induction of innate immune responses mediated by the central player, type I interferons (IFN). Although induction of IFNs is generic but the terminal actions can be host and pathogen specific. In this context, chicken is unique since even in the updated version of chicken genome, it appears that chicken lack kinase Tyk2, STAT2 and IRF9, which are crucial elements in JAK/STAT pathway (IFN signalling). However, interestingly, ectopic expression of duck RIG-I in chicken cells reconstituted the downstream signalling pathway, with higher induction of several interferon stimulated genes (ISGs), indicating the presence of potent mechanism of ISGs transcriptional regulation in chicken while apparently lacking IRF3 and RIG-I genes. It would therefore be interesting to study the ways chickens have evolutionarily adapted other compensatory mechanisms compared to ducks, turkeys and gees. Aims of my research activities include understanding the innate immune response in different avian hosts that range from sensing of viruses to terminal IFN effectors mediated by myriad interferon stimulated genes. Currently, I have established large-scale, genome-wide and high throughput screen platforms to investigate, both generically and specifically, the interaction of viruses with host immune responses and the ways viruses have adapted to circumvent these responses using proof-of-the-concept avian paramyxoviruses (different pathotypes of Newcastle disease virus).
Planned Impact
unavailable
Organisations
- THE PIRBRIGHT INSTITUTE (Lead Research Organisation)
- University of Rochester (Collaboration)
- University of Surrey (Collaboration)
- Universidade de São Paulo (Collaboration)
- Putra Malaysia University (Collaboration)
- State University of Campinas (Collaboration)
- Animal and Plant Health Agency (Collaboration)
Publications
Ferreira HL
(2015)
Differential Viral Fitness Between H1N1 and H3N8 Avian Influenza Viruses Isolated from Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos).
in Avian diseases
Goraya MU
(2015)
Induction of innate immunity and its perturbation by influenza viruses.
in Protein & cell
Goraya MU
(2015)
Isolation of buffalo poxvirus from clinical case and variations in the genetics of the B5R gene over fifty passages.
in Virus genes
Satharasinghe D
(2016)
Detection of Inter-Lineage Natural Recombination in Avian Paramyxovirus Serotype 1 Using Simplified Deep Sequencing Platform
in Frontiers in Microbiology
Góes LGB
(2016)
Genetic diversity of bats coronaviruses in the Atlantic Forest hotspot biome, Brazil.
in Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases
Misinzo G
(2016)
Peste des petits ruminants virus lineage II and IV from goats in Southern Tanzania during an outbreak in 2011
in British Journal of Virology
Aziz-Ul-Rahman
(2016)
Evaluation of Risk Factors for Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus in Sheep and Goats at the Wildlife-Livestock Interface in Punjab Province, Pakistan.
in BioMed research international
Shabbir MZ
(2016)
Molecular characterization of infectious bursal disease viruses from Pakistan.
in Archives of virology
Shabbir MZ
(2016)
Infectivity of wild bird-origin avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 and vaccine effectiveness in chickens.
in The Journal of general virology
| Description | Through this fellowship, novel genomics and proteomics methodologies have been developed, and are being applied to address the genetic diversity of innate immune genes in chicken and duck. We identified new interferon in chicken and other avian species We investigate the novel mechanisms of viral genome sensing in chicken |
| Exploitation Route | Understanding the molecular mechanisms of differences in innate immunity between hosts of variable virus susceptibilities would help to devise better control measures and therapies. |
| Sectors | Agriculture Food and Drink |
| Description | Bilateral BBSRC-FAPESP Research Grant: Dissecting Essential Roles of Chicken Interferon Stimulated Genes in the Pathobiology of Poultry Viruses |
| Amount | £383,644 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/M008681/1 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 08/2015 |
| End | 09/2018 |
| Description | Brazil Partnering Award: Population genetic diversity of wild birds and its influence on virus evolution and biology |
| Amount | £18,219 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/L026546/1 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 06/2014 |
| End | 06/2017 |
| Description | Construction of an interferon stimulatory gene mini-library for chiropteran species and assessment of the expression dynamics of bat interferon stimulated genes (baISGs) |
| Amount | £15,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | The Royal Society |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 03/2015 |
| End | 04/2016 |
| Description | Emerging and Next Generation Vaccine Technologies Against Veterinary Viruses |
| Amount | £43,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | British Council |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 07/2016 |
| End | 09/2016 |
| Description | Evasion of host innate immunity by Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) and its pathogenic consequences |
| Amount | £26,513 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BBS/E/I/00001991 |
| Organisation | The Pirbright Institute |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 01/2015 |
| End | 04/2017 |
| Description | Newton Fund, Institutional Links |
| Amount | £230,000 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | 172710323 |
| Organisation | British Council |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 03/2015 |
| End | 09/2017 |
| Description | Preparedness for novel virus emergence from wild birds and bats: metagenomics-driven viromes and understanding innate immunity |
| Amount | £220,000 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | 172710323 |
| Organisation | British Council |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 09/2015 |
| End | 12/2017 |
| Description | Triple-Reporter Cell Lines for Screening of Antiviral and Viral Immune Modulator |
| Amount | £6,000 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | 2015/R2 (inc CNRS) |
| Organisation | The Royal Society |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 04/2015 |
| End | 06/2016 |
| Description | Avian Vaccines Malaysian Researchers |
| Organisation | Putra Malaysia University |
| Department | Department of Pathology |
| Country | Malaysia |
| Sector | Hospitals |
| PI Contribution | We have successfully organized a British Council funded workshop on Emerging and Next Generation Vaccine Technologies Against Veterinary Viruses at Institute of Bioscience (IBS), Universiti Putra Malaysia from 01 to 04 August 2016. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Through this partnership, we have applied two research grants to work together in tackling infections in poultry. |
| Impact | Two Funding Applied One Publication Online |
| Start Year | 2016 |
| Description | Collaboration and Partnership With American Researchers |
| Organisation | University of Rochester |
| Department | Neuromuscular Disease Center |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | To establish bases on system biology of avian immunity, collaboration was established with Luis Martinez-Sobrido. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Researcher from Rochester are establishing mouse reporter cell lines and we at Pirbright are generating chicken reporter cell lines to be used for antiviral and virus pathogensis studies. |
| Impact | We have devised the CRISPR/Cas9 strategy and are working to generate knockin cell lines in both institutions. |
| Start Year | 2016 |
| Description | Partnership with Brazilian Researchers working on avian and bats immunity |
| Organisation | Animal and Plant Health Agency |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Public |
| PI Contribution | Through Bats and Birds Research Network, we gathered a team of researcher who have interests or working on avian and bats innate immunity. All above-mentioned partners are now active members of the network and contributing significantly. |
| Collaborator Contribution | We have obtained two funding, one from BBSRC and one from British Council to investigate the role of virus induced innate immunity and dynamics of viruses in these hosts. Brazilian participants are mainly responsible to collect samples, based on their extensive field experience and British partners are involved in the analysis and interpretation of the outcome. |
| Impact | Workshop on Birds and Bats at University of Surrey, June 2016 Poultry Health Course at Pirbright Institute, April 2017 Visit of Brazilian and British Partners to laboratory facilities Virtual Meeting to Discuss and Plan the Collaborations Mutual Funding and Research Articles |
| Start Year | 2015 |
| Description | Partnership with Brazilian Researchers working on avian and bats immunity |
| Organisation | State University of Campinas |
| Country | Brazil |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Through Bats and Birds Research Network, we gathered a team of researcher who have interests or working on avian and bats innate immunity. All above-mentioned partners are now active members of the network and contributing significantly. |
| Collaborator Contribution | We have obtained two funding, one from BBSRC and one from British Council to investigate the role of virus induced innate immunity and dynamics of viruses in these hosts. Brazilian participants are mainly responsible to collect samples, based on their extensive field experience and British partners are involved in the analysis and interpretation of the outcome. |
| Impact | Workshop on Birds and Bats at University of Surrey, June 2016 Poultry Health Course at Pirbright Institute, April 2017 Visit of Brazilian and British Partners to laboratory facilities Virtual Meeting to Discuss and Plan the Collaborations Mutual Funding and Research Articles |
| Start Year | 2015 |
| Description | Partnership with Brazilian Researchers working on avian and bats immunity |
| Organisation | Universidade de São Paulo |
| Department | Department of Virology |
| Country | Brazil |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Through Bats and Birds Research Network, we gathered a team of researcher who have interests or working on avian and bats innate immunity. All above-mentioned partners are now active members of the network and contributing significantly. |
| Collaborator Contribution | We have obtained two funding, one from BBSRC and one from British Council to investigate the role of virus induced innate immunity and dynamics of viruses in these hosts. Brazilian participants are mainly responsible to collect samples, based on their extensive field experience and British partners are involved in the analysis and interpretation of the outcome. |
| Impact | Workshop on Birds and Bats at University of Surrey, June 2016 Poultry Health Course at Pirbright Institute, April 2017 Visit of Brazilian and British Partners to laboratory facilities Virtual Meeting to Discuss and Plan the Collaborations Mutual Funding and Research Articles |
| Start Year | 2015 |
| Description | Partnership with Brazilian Researchers working on avian and bats immunity |
| Organisation | University of Surrey |
| Department | Surrey Space Centre |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Through Bats and Birds Research Network, we gathered a team of researcher who have interests or working on avian and bats innate immunity. All above-mentioned partners are now active members of the network and contributing significantly. |
| Collaborator Contribution | We have obtained two funding, one from BBSRC and one from British Council to investigate the role of virus induced innate immunity and dynamics of viruses in these hosts. Brazilian participants are mainly responsible to collect samples, based on their extensive field experience and British partners are involved in the analysis and interpretation of the outcome. |
| Impact | Workshop on Birds and Bats at University of Surrey, June 2016 Poultry Health Course at Pirbright Institute, April 2017 Visit of Brazilian and British Partners to laboratory facilities Virtual Meeting to Discuss and Plan the Collaborations Mutual Funding and Research Articles |
| Start Year | 2015 |
| Description | Avian Genetics and Immunity (University of Surrey) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | The Symposium on Avian Genetics and Immunity is being to engage international audience with interests on avian genetics and immunity |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| URL | http://geneticsandimmunity.com |
| Description | Birds and Bats Workshop (University of Surrey) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | It was organised to bring together researchers from Brazil and UK to discuss the current advances in bats and bird immunity and virology |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| URL | http://birdsandbats.net |
| Description | Invited Talk at Rochester Medical University New York, USA: Antiviral Potential of Chicken IFIT5 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | During the talk, several questions were asked and possibilities for the future collaboration was assessed. Taking on from there, we are planning a joint USA-UK application in coming call from different councils. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | Invited Talk in Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, China: Avian Functional Genomics and Innate Immunity |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | In this invited talk, several stakeholders were present and we agreed to apply for a funding together through Newton Fund-BBSRC call on Swine and Poultry Diseases in Developing Countries. Although the application was unsuccessful, a strong link was established. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | Participation in the Global Alliance for Research on Avian Diseases |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | GARAD is a freshly launched forum, led by The Pirbright Institute, UK, to establish networking among avian researchers from all continents. Primary aim of this initiative is to share and exchange latest research advances, promote collaborations and to maximize the use of resources and expertise to progressively control of avian diseases, around the world. The second International Conference of the Global Alliance for Research on Avian Diseases (GARAD) was held on 17-19 January 2018, in Hanoi, Vietnam. The conference, attended by over 150 delegates from academia, poultry breeding/farming and the pharmaceutical industry, discussed the major challenges and research advances in control of poultry diseases. Amongst the topics were, the continued threat from avian influenza, antigenic shifts/drifts and the risks of disease transmission within and from live bird markets, the challenges from antigenic diversity of other avian viruses, innovative approaches for poultry vaccine development and the potential opportunities to introduce genetic resistance to infectious agents through novel gene editing approaches. In separate interactive sessions, delegates actively debated the challenges, priorities and opportunities for academia in driving avian disease research, importance of developing an improved disease measures by industry and the contribution by the farming sector in the low and middle-income countries. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | http://garad.org/ |
| Description | Poultry Health Course (Pirbright) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | The course is organised for participants from Brazil to understand the current advances in poultry diseases. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| URL | http://www.poultryhealthcourse.com/ |
| Description | Presentation in GARAD-2018 in Vietnam: Potential of chicken IFIT5 in Establishing Antiviral State |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | In the Global Alliance for Research on Avian Diseases 2018, I have presented our work on current understanding of IFIT5 mediated antiviral potential in avian species. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | http://www.theeventsportal.com/GARAD-2018/3/Home |
| Description | The 15th Meeting of the Avian Immunology Research Group |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | The AIRG 2018 programme will include both fundamental science and practical application of avian immunology. We welcome presentation of work relating to key commercial poultry species as well as work presented in the context of the comparative biology or evolution of immune responses in a broader context including those relating to wild birds. We are delighted to invite all stakeholders, including senior scientists and young researchers from academia, industry and government organisations, to join us in Oxford in the autumn of 2018. More than 150 participants representing 15 countries participated. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | http://airg.zoo.ox.ac.uk/ |
| Description | UK-Malaysia Vaccinology Workshop (Malaysia) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | This workshop aimed to build long-term and sustainable links between scientists in the UK and Malaysia working on/have interests in veterinary vaccines. This workshop has encouraged early career researchers from veterinary, biological and social sciences to understand the ever-increasing threats to global food security from infectious animal diseases and their control using next generation vaccine strategies. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| URL | http://ukmalaysiaworkshop.co.uk/ |
| Description | UK-Philippines Workshop |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | The organizers headed by Dr. Muhammad Munir of Lancaster University and Dr. Dennis V. Umali of the University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB), successfully conducted the "Newton Agham Researcher Links Workshop: Novel Vaccines and Diagnostic Technologies Against Emerging and Re-Emerging Veterinary Pathogens" held from 4 to 7 February 2019 at the Rizal Park Hotel Manila, Philippines. In the opening ceremonies, Dr. Jovencio Hubert A. Abalos, Assistant to the Dean and representing the dean of the College of Veterinary Medicine (CVM), UPLB welcomed the participants and wished them a fruitful workshop. He also mentioned that the topics to be covered in the workshop could bring out new topics for research for the dual Doctor of Philosophy programme being planned between UK universities and UPLB. Undersecretary Carol M. Yorobe representing the Department of Science and Technology (DOST), Philippines said that she hoped that the joint discussions will result in a collaborative network among UK and Philippine scientists. Mr. Norly Villar, Programme Manager, Newton Agham, British Council of the Philippines, also graced the occasion and welcomed the participants as well as inspiring and challenging them for a 4-day workshop. Dr. Muhammad Munir, Lecturer, Lancaster University and one of the organizers, presented the mechanics of the activities ahead. He stated the objectives and expected outcomes, which are identification of research gaps, establishment of collaborations, identify potential threats to livestock and poultry and production of a white paper to be presented to policy makers and funding bodies. The workshop was conducted for four days. On the first day, there were 9 papers presented, divided into 3 sessions. Each paper was read for 30 to 40 minutes, then a 10-minute open forum followed after each session. On the second day, there were 6 papers in 2 sessions, followed by two interactive sessions (workshops). On the third day, there were 6 papers in 2 sessions, followed by an interactive session (field trip), which included a cultural dinner. On the fourth day, there were 4 papers in one session. In summary, there were 25 technical papers and 3 interactive sessions. In general, the papers and workshops had a common goal, that of controlling and preventing infectious diseases of farm animals. Most of the papers focused on molecular techniques for the production of diagnostic kits and vaccines. The abstracts of all the papers were published as proceedings and distributed to all participants before the workshop while the highlights of each paper, workshop outputs of Interactive Sessions 1 and 2, and the powerpoint presentations are attached as Appendices A, B, C and D, respectively. In Interactive Session 3 (Networking and Outdoor Activities), the participants had a field trip at the Philippine Genome Center (PGC) situated at the University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City. Selected staff of the facility welcomed them warmly and immediately proceeded in conducting a guided tour. The group visited the Shared Genomics Core Laboratory (SGCL) of the PGC, which primarily aims to build the capacity of local researchers to perform top-of-the-line genomics research. Also visited was the DNA Sequencing and Bioinformatics Facility (DSBF) of the PGC, which offers training packages in Basic Molecular Biology, Sanger Sequencing, Next Generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics. The activity provided everyone a glimpse of the capability of the center as well as giving an opportunity for potential collaborations, networking and information exchanges. Part of the interactive session was the cultural dinner at the Barbara's Heritage Restaurant in historic Intramuros, Manila. The cultural show composed of songs and dances featured the rich Filipino culture while providing a venue for strengthening British-Filipino camaraderie among the participants. In the Closing Ceremony, Mr. Norly Villar, Programme Manager of the Newton Agham, British Council of the Philippines, presented the current programs and research opportunities offered by the British Council. He reported that there are 21 ongoing scholars and the first batch is expected to return in 2019 or 2020. He encouraged everyone to visit the Newton Agham Programme website for more details. Dr. Synan S. Baguio, Supervising Science Research Specialist and Officer-in-Charge, Livestock Research Division, Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources Research Development (PCAARRD), DOST delivered an inspirational message. He thanked everyone for a successful workshop and hoped that the shared information would be put to practical use and continue the collaboration among the participants. Dr. Rio John T. Ducusin, a professor of the College of Veterinary Medicine, UPLB who served as rapporteur during the entire workshop, read the agreement (Appendix E), which is one of the outputs of the workshop. He mentioned that hopefully, in the not-so-distant future, the items listed in the above document would be realized. The agreement was duly signed by the participants. The closing remarks were delivered by Dr. Jovencio Hubert A. Abalos, Assistant to the Dean of the College of Veterinary Medicine, UPLB. He thanked the organizers, sponsors, participants and everyone who contributed to the success of the workshop. He wished everyone a safe travel going back home. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | http://uk-philippines-workshop.com/ |