Addressing challenges in scaling up TB and HIV treatment integration in public health settings in South Africa
Lead Research Organisation:
CAPRISA
Department Name: UNLISTED
Abstract
Tuberculosis is the most common cause of death in people who are HIV-infected. Research has shown that when TB and HIV treatment and services are offered together there is a decrease in deaths for patients who have both these diseases. However, health care facilities in poor and developing countries struggle to efficiently provide both TB and HIV services to patients. We are testing whether an intervention for clinic staff, called ‘Quality Improvement’, will assist the staff to work in a more planned and structured manner to incorporate both TB and HIV services in their clinic and provide excellent quality of services. Our study will select 40 clinics from 2 rural districts in KwaZulu, South Africa and at random assign 20 clinics to receive the Quality Improvement intervention and 20 clinics to receive the standard support for delivering both TB and HIV services. We anticipate that clinics receiving the Quality Improvement intervention will have lower numbers of patient deaths from TB and HIV than those clinics receiving the standard support. Our study will inform how we can make combined TB and HIV services more manageable for clinics in poor and developing countries and so reduce deaths in TB and HIV patients.
Technical Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV prevalence is highest in sub-Saharan Africa, a region with limited health budgets, infrastructure, human resources, and suboptimal TB infection control practices. Persistently high rates of mortality and morbidity associated with HIV and TB continues to devastate families and overwhelm heath systems in South Africa. A large and compelling clinical evidence base suggests that integrating HIV and TB services improves survival in co-infected patients and presents a more effective & efficient use of limited health resources. Global policy makers have been responsive in translating research findings into TB HIV integration policy and recommendations, however there is a growing concern that the gains made in the field of TB HIV research will not be realized if not effectively translated into practice at the point-of-care. Implementing the full integrated TB HIV service ‘package’ at a health care facility level is not simple as very little is known about the best ‘scale up’ model for integrated TB HIV service delivery. This study is a cluster randomized controlled trial, which evaluates the effectiveness of implementing a quality improvement model to integrate TB HIV service delivery in primary health care clinics. The study will be conducted in 2 rural districts in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, namely the Ugu & uThungulu districts. Our hypothesis is that survival rates in TB and HIV infected patients accessing services in clinics using Quality Improvement methods to deliver comprehensive and reliable processes in implementing integrated TB HIV care, will be better than in patients accessing services in clinics provided with standard support for implementing TB HIV clinical guidelines. The anticipated eventual product arising from this study is a set of principles/model on how integrated TB HIV services maybe embedded in primary health care clinics in resource constrained settings. This study has the potential to elucidate which resources (inputs), processes (steps) and outputs lead to fully integrated TB HIV services hence impacting on improving the survival of co-infected patients.
Organisations
- CAPRISA (Lead Research Organisation)
- Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND) (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF ST ANDREWS (Collaboration)
- Institute of Human Virology (Collaboration)
- BioNTech AG (Collaboration)
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute (Collaboration)
- Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) (Collaboration)
- Medical Research Council of South Africa (MRC) (Collaboration)
- BroadReach Group (Collaboration)
- Bill and Melinda Gates Medical Research Institute (Collaboration)
- Johns Hopkins University (Collaboration)
- University of the Witwatersrand (Collaboration)
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine (Collaboration)
- Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development (AIGHD) (Collaboration)
- National Institute for Medical Research, Tanzania (Collaboration)
- San Raffaele Hospital (Collaboration)
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) (Collaboration)
Publications
Perumal R
(2023)
Biological mechanisms underpinning the development of long COVID.
in iScience
Reis K
(2024)
Differentiated service delivery framework for people with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and HIV co-infection.
in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Naidoo K
(2019)
Quality of TB care among people living with HIV: Gaps and solutions
in Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases
Lale Ngema S
(2023)
Isoniazid resistance-conferring mutations are associated with highly variable phenotypic resistance.
in Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases
Samsunder N
(2023)
Performance of rapid antigen tests in identifying Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 infections in South Africa
in Journal of Clinical Virology
Gengiah S
(2021)
A cluster-randomized controlled trial to improve the quality of integrated HIV-tuberculosis services in primary healthcareclinics in South Africa.
in Journal of the International AIDS Society
Gengiah S
(2021)
A cluster-randomized controlled trial to improve the quality of integrated HIV-Tuberculosis services
in Journal of the International AIDS Society (JIAS)
Asare K
(2023)
Clinical outcomes after the introduction of dolutegravir for second-line antiretroviral therapy in South Africa: a retrospective cohort study.
in medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
Asare K
(2023)
Clinical Outcomes After Viremia Among People Receiving Dolutegravir vs Efavirenz-Based First-line Antiretroviral Therapy in South Africa.
in Open forum infectious diseases
| Description | This study is the first randomized trial examining a scalable strategy for integrating HIV and TB services using Quality Improvement (QI) methods. Despite implementing the intervention, similar mortality rates among HIV-TB co-infected patients persisted. The challenge of demonstrating mortality benefits from health systems process enhancements in real-world operational settings is underscored by this research, emphasizing the considerable level of planning and organization required for delivering complex QI-supported HIV-TB integration interventions. Involving rural clinics and their existing staff in this study provided insights into the potential translation of the QI intervention regardless of resources or setting. Despite the lack of impact on HIV-TB mortality rates, the study revealed the health system's responsiveness to strategic implementation support, resulting in overall performance improvements. Mounting evidence suggests that cost-effective and sustainable QI strategies enhance integrated HIV-TB service delivery by establishing clear guidelines to address weaknesses in primary healthcare (PHC) clinic systems. This trial assessed the impact of a QI intervention on optimizing the delivery of integrated TB and HIV services and enhancing patient health outcomes. Integrating QI strategies into routine support for PHC clinics to sustain improved patient health outcomes did not yield additional benefits. |
| Exploitation Route | In settings where regular monitoring of data for improvement is standard practice, the adoption of Quality Improvement (QI) may enhance programme performance . The impact of QI interventions is amplified in environments conducive to change and efficiently structured for providing integrated HIV-TB services. The Context Assessment for Community Health tool should be utilized to promptly evaluate whether a setting is open and prepared for change. Cultivating a culture centered on using data for improvement can be promoted by guaranteeing the accuracy and accessibility of data to clinic teams. |
| Sectors | Healthcare Pharmaceuticals and Medical Biotechnology |
| URL | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101298 |
| Description | Research in context Evidence before this study: Initially in 2013, Medline via PubMed was searched for articles published between 2003 and 2013 reporting on search terms: "epidemiology of HIV-TB co-infection"; "integrated HIV-TB care, TB case finding among people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (PLWHA)"; "isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) and antiretroviral therapy (ART) uptake"; and "strategies for improving TB outcomes among patients HIV-TB in resource limited settings", yielding 288 relevant published articles that suggested that co-location of TB and HIV services was alone insufficient to substantially improve integrated services, recommending additional interventions such as quality improvement (QI) targeting health systems performance improvements for evaluation. In 2015, an expanded search for articles published between 2003 and 2015, evaluating impact of QI mediated integrated TB and HIV services on improved patient outcomes, using the terms 'Quality Improvement' AND 'resource constrained' AND 'HIV' AND tuberculosis, OR TB yielded zero findings. Since our search, two new trials have been published: the Merge trial found no patient outcome improvement with placement of additional staff supporting integrated HIV-TB care, and the TB-Fast Track trial found no short-term mortality reduction among PLWHA despite substantial increases in TB diagnosis and treatment coverage. Evidence guiding "how to" effectively implement integrated services at the frontline will optimize implementation of integrated services and help address persistently high mortality rates among HIV-TB coinfected individuals in resource limited settings. Added value of this study This is the first randomized trial to test a scalable HIV-TB integration strategy using QI methods. Despite the intervention, similarly high mortality rates among HIVTB co-infected patients were found. Demonstrating mortality benefit from health systems process improvements in real-world operational settings remains challenging, with this study highlighting the high level of health systems planning and organization required for delivery of complex QI supported HIV-TB integration interventions. Having rural clinics with their existing facility staff participate in this research enabled a better understanding of whether the QI intervention could be translated irrespective of resources or setting. Despite failing to show an impact on HIV-TB mortality rates the study found the health system to be responsive to strategic implementation support, showing overall improvements in performance. Implications of all the available evidence Growing evidence shows that affordable and sustainable QI strategies offer strengthened integrated HIV-TB service delivery through establishment of clear guidelines that address weaknesses in PHC clinic systems. This trial evaluated the effect of QI intervention to optimise delivery of integrated TB and HIV services and improve patient health outcomes. Incorporation of QI strategies into routine support for PHC clinics to sustain improved patient health outcomes yielded no added benefit to patient outcomes. |
| First Year Of Impact | 2016 |
| Sector | Healthcare |
| Impact Types | Policy & public services |
| Description | Advanced Clinical Care National Training Curriculum |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Policy Influence Type | Influenced training of practitioners or researchers |
| Impact | The goal of ACC curriculum was to strengthen the South African governments' capacity in delivering high quality care to patients with complicated HIV and HIV/TB including those failing ART. Enhanced capacity through specialized clinical training, specialized clinical support, pharmaceutical services, laboratory services, strengthen referral pathways and collecting strategic information. This evolved into two streams : training around quality and case based approach . A national training ACC Curriculum was developed to provide health care professionals with the core knowledge and skills required to diagnose and manage unstable HIV patients with commonly observed opportunistic infections and other co-morbidities in addition to those failing antiretroviral therapy (ART). The curriculum consists of 4 main modules and 25 sub-modules (five of which are autodidactic pre-reading modules). 1. Module 1 - Core Topics, which encompassed the theoretical grounding in some key topics so that clinicians can apply this knowledge to clinical scenarios throughout the course 2. Module 2 - Management of the HIV-positive person with advanced disease. This module was designed to provide clinicians with the core knowledge and skills required to assess and manage an unstable patient with opportunistic infections and other comorbidities 3. Module 3 - Management of treatment failure and HIV drug resistance. This module is designed to equip clinicians with the core knowledge and skills required to identify and manage virologic failure and to be able to present practical management plans in specific clinical situations complicating virologic failure 4. Module 4 - Special challenges with antiretroviral therapy. This module will provide clinicians with the core knowledge and skills required to manage patients on ART with co-existing morbidities The training content developed included; slide sets, trainer manuals, learner manuals and knowledge assessment questions for each sub-module. These clinical resources were used to support the health care professionals in a clinic or hospital setting. Each training will orientate participants to these resources, and reference them throughout course activities. |
| URL | https://www.knowledgehub.org.za |
| Description | Improvement for improved integration of HIV-TB services: Evidence from the MERGE & SUTHI studies. |
| Geographic Reach | Africa |
| Policy Influence Type | Citation in other policy documents |
| Description | South African Clinician's Society Board |
| Geographic Reach | Local/Municipal/Regional |
| Policy Influence Type | Influenced training of practitioners or researchers |
| Impact | I have played a vital role in enhancing the knowledge and skills of South African healthcare workers, particularly those in the province of KwaZulu-Natal. The South African Clinicians Society holds a strong influence over clinical practices of the Treatment and Prevention of TB. I have provided input to the SA clinicians society based on the experience gained in the SUTHI trial. |
| Description | Southern African HIV Clinicians Society guideline on the management of non-tuberculous mycobacteria in people with HIV. |
| Geographic Reach | Africa |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to new or improved professional practice |
| Description | Treatment of Multidrug-resistant or Rifampicin-resistant Tuberculosis With an All-oral 9-month Regimen Containing Linezolid or Ethionamide in South Africa: A Retrospective Cohort Study. |
| Geographic Reach | Africa |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to new or improved professional practice |
| Description | WHO Clinical Guideline Development Group |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Membership of a guideline committee |
| Impact | The Consolidated Guidelines on the use of Antiretroviral Drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection |
| Description | WHO Guideline, July 2023: The role of HIV viral suppression in improving individual health and reducing transmission |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Participation in a guidance/advisory committee |
| Impact | The influence of Prof. Naidoo on policy regarding the role of HIV viral suppression has led to significant changes in practice, benefiting patients and the public alike. One notable change is the widespread adoption of "test and treat" policies, which advocate for immediate initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) upon HIV diagnosis to achieve viral suppression. Evidence from policy briefs that Prof. Naidoo contributed to will strengthen countries' implementation of "test and treat" policies for improved health outcomes for individuals living with HIV, including reduced mortality rates and decreased rates of HIV transmission. Additionally, these policies have contributed to the global effort to end the HIV/AIDS epidemic by 2030, as outlined by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. By promoting early ART initiation and viral suppression, Prof. Naidoo's influence on policy has not only improved individual health but has also had a positive impact on public health outcomes, ultimately contributing to the global fight against HIV/AIDS |
| URL | https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240055179 |
| Description | WHO TB-HIV Technical Working Group |
| Geographic Reach | Africa |
| Policy Influence Type | Membership of a guideline committee |
| Impact | Contributions made as a member of the WHO TB-HIV Technical Working Group will potentially lead to a higher quality of care for TB, HIV and TB/HIV patients resource limited settings. Via the CAPRISA 013 study, we are in a position to share the best practices for enhancing integrated TB and HIV practices in Primary Healthcare Clinics. |
| Description | Adaptive evaluation of mHealth and conventional adherence support interventions to optimize outcomes with new treatment regimens for drug-resistant tuberculosis and HIV in South Africa (ADAPTIV Study) |
| Amount | $2,879,742 (USD) |
| Organisation | National Institutes of Health (NIH) |
| Department | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United States |
| Start | 03/2022 |
| End | 02/2027 |
| Description | BNT 164-02: Safety and Immune Responses After Vaccination With Two Investigational RNA-based Vaccines Against Tuberculosis in BCG Vaccinated Volunteers |
| Amount | $12,500,000 (USD) |
| Organisation | BioNTech AG |
| Sector | Private |
| Country | Germany |
| Start | 01/2023 |
| Description | IMPACT OF A MULTIMODAL INTERVENTION TO REDUCE DUAL STIGMA AND IMPROVE TREATMENT OUTCOMES IN HIV/DRUG-RESISTANT TB CO-INFECTED PATIENTS IN KWAZULU-NATAL, SOUTH AFRICA |
| Amount | $413,835 (USD) |
| Funding ID | R21TW011077 |
| Organisation | National Institutes of Health (NIH) |
| Department | Fogarty International Centre |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United States |
| Start | 06/2018 |
| End | 04/2020 |
| Description | KZN-CTU The KwaZulu-Natal Clinical Trials Unit (KZN-CTU) |
| Amount | $55,901,345 (USD) |
| Organisation | National Institutes of Health (NIH) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United States |
| Start | 03/2007 |
| End | 11/2027 |
| Description | MRC-CAPRISA HIV-TB Pathogenesis and Treatment Research Unit |
| Amount | $829,871 (USD) |
| Organisation | South African Medical Research Centre |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | South Africa |
| Start | 03/2015 |
| End | 03/2025 |
| Description | Rapid Phenotypic Detection of Complex and Emergent TB Drug-Resistance Using A Next-Generation Nanoluciferase Reporter Phage (PHAGE R21) |
| Amount | $376,695 (USD) |
| Funding ID | R01AI176407 |
| Organisation | National Institutes of Health (NIH) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United States |
| Start | |
| End | 08/2024 |
| Description | Rapid phenotypic detection of complex and emergent TB drug-resistance using a next-generation nanoluciferase reporter phage (Phage R01) |
| Amount | $3,822,850 (USD) |
| Organisation | National Institutes of Health (NIH) |
| Department | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United States |
| Start | 03/2023 |
| End | 03/2028 |
| Description | Reporter System for a TB Controlled Human Infection Model: The CHIM Study |
| Amount | $237,697 (USD) |
| Organisation | Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| Country | United States |
| Start | 05/2023 |
| End | 05/2026 |
| Description | Role of Data Streams In Informing Infection Dynamics in Africa- INFORM Africa |
| Amount | $640,367 (USD) |
| Organisation | National Institutes of Health (NIH) |
| Department | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United States |
| Start | 08/2021 |
| End | 06/2026 |
| Title | A viral load monitoring standard operating practice |
| Description | We developed, piloted and scaled up a manual to improve viral load testing in PHC clients. This manual is an easy to use document for nurses , complete with tools for recording high viral loads. The pilot phase of this manual demonstrated a nearly 40% increase in viral load coverage in clinics that adopted our manual. |
| Type Of Material | Physiological assessment or outcome measure |
| Year Produced | 2018 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | Viral load coverage increased substantially upon adoption of this tool. |
| URL | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30775284 |
| Title | PowerBi Dashboard for tracking multisite, multicountry clinical trial performance using key metrics |
| Description | This Power BI dashboard provides a live condensed narrative on screening, accrual and data quality metrics across multiple sites and multiple studies. This facilitates study management, real-time intervention on poor performance and report writing to sponsors and other stakeholders. The dashboard is shared with study leadership and serves as an effective study management tool. In summary, the Power BI dashboard enables oversight on advancement of clinical trials, encompassing participant enrollment, clinic visits, treatment outcomes, laboratory results, as well as the monitoring of adverse events and fatalities. An additional benefit is the ability to visualize data from all sites, regardless of their geographical location, on a single page. |
| Type Of Material | Computer model/algorithm |
| Year Produced | 2022 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | The implementation of the Power BI dashboard at CAPRISA has yielded notable impacts on our clinical trial monitoring processes. Firstly, it has greatly enhanced the efficiency of tracking and managing various aspects of clinical trials, including participant enrollment, clinic visits, treatment outcomes, and adverse events. The visual representations provided by the dashboard enable quick identification of trends and patterns, allowing for timely interventions when necessary. Additionally, the ability to view data from all trial sites on a single page has facilitated centralized monitoring and coordination, streamlining communication and decision-making processes across geographical locations. Overall, the Power BI dashboard has significantly contributed to improving the quality and effectiveness of our clinical trial management, ultimately enhancing our ability to conduct successful research and advance scientific knowledge in our field. |
| Description | A randomized, placebo-controlled, observer-blind, phase 2 study to evaluate safety and immunogenicity of the investigational M72/AS01E Mycobacterium tuberculosis {Mlb) vaccine in virally suppressed, antiretroviral-treated participants with HIV (MESA Clinical Trial Gates TBV02-202) |
| Organisation | Bill and Melinda Gates Medical Research Institute |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| PI Contribution | Kogieleum Naidoo, Co-Principal Investigator, Centre for Aids Programme of Research in South Africa CAPRISA is one of the South African Investigational trial sites: Wits RHI Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa, 2001; Ekhaya VAC Cape Town, Khayelitsha, South Africa, 7782; CAPRISA Durban, Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa, 4001; The Aurum Institute Klerksdorp, North West, South Africa, 2570; Desmond Tutu HIV Foundation Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa, 6850; SATVI Worcester, Western Cape, South Africa, 6850. In SA, we have a high burden of TB as well as a high HIV prevalence rate. eThekwini/Durban has the greatest burden of TB in the entire region of KwaZulu-Natal. Therefore, our country serves as a suitable environment to conduct as study such as this clinical trial. The generation of new knowledge and understanding, the development of new innovative approaches to solve everyday issues, remains fundamental to human progress and prosperity. In this regard, I have invested much of my time working in translational research aimed at addressing the major health challenges of HIV and TB related morbidity and mortality. Regarding my expertise, one of my great contributions to strengthening programmes and clinical practice, has been through the CDC/Pepfar funded Advanced Clinical Care Programme (ACC), which I led for 7 years. This program aimed to strengthen capacity of the South African Government's Department of Health to provide quality and sustainable clinical care for HIV-infected patients with complicated HIV and HIV/TB. This programme developed and implemented a model of problem-based training, mentorship, and support for doctors, nurse mentors and pharmacists, through CPD-accredited ACC training workshops, benefitting several thousand HCWs from hundreds of health facilities in South Africa. This training curriculum has since been adopted and scaled up nationally by the South African National Department of Health and continues to capacitate frontline workers to provider advanced clinical care for patients with complex HIV and HIV-TB. In addition, several tools developed through this work, have also been scaled up nationally including virtual support helplines for Drug resistant TB and infectious diseases, a Handbook for making Viral Load Monitoring routine, and a Casebook of Radiologic Features of TB in HIV. Through regular engagement with other scientists, health practitioners and policy makers locally and internationally, our scientific discoveries have been translated into policy and guidelines. In line with today's Scientific realm priority of enhanced availability of high-level human capital in generating evidence-based science advice, I am deeply committed to capacity development and training of the next generation of scientists. It is critically important to ensure sustainability of scientific advancement in addressing current and new challenges facing humanity. CAPRISA has well trained postgraduate students as well as postdoctoral fellows, and undergraduate students. All trainees have developed much needed skills in critical thinking, written, oral and verbal communication of science, scientific process, and in data analysis and interpretation |
| Collaborator Contribution | Study Director: Gates MRI Bill & Melinda Gates Medical Research Institute As stipulated in Conditions of Grant (Gates TBV02-202): 1. Acquired funding that enabled employment of auxiliary staff for clinical trial 2. Purchase of vaccines doses that would not have been possible as a developing country with limited resources 3. Provided a platform to discuss further solutions to the ongoing burden of TB disease in SA and its impact on our economic status and health system |
| Impact | No outputs generated as yet |
| Start Year | 2020 |
| Description | Adaptive evaluation of mHealth |
| Organisation | National Institutes of Health (NIH) |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Public |
| PI Contribution | Our research team will play a pivotal role in the collaboration aimed at optimizing treatment outcomes for individuals with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) and HIV in South Africa through adaptive evaluation of mHealth and conventional adherence support interventions. Leveraging our expertise in public health, infectious diseases, and clinical research, we will develop and test tailored mHealth interventions to address the unique challenges faced by this population. Through rigorous evaluation and comparative studies, we will identify effective strategies for leveraging mobile technology to support medication adherence, symptom monitoring, and linkage to care, aiming to provide evidence-based recommendations for clinical practice. Additionally, our team will be actively involved in capacity-building efforts to empower healthcare providers and community health workers to integrate mHealth solutions into routine care delivery, with the ultimate goal of driving innovation, improving treatment adherence, and reducing the burden of DR-TB and HIV co-infection in resource-limited settings |
| Collaborator Contribution | Our partners, supported by the National Health Institute, bring invaluable expertise and resources to our collaboration, significantly enhancing its impact and effectiveness. With their deep understanding of public health and infectious diseases, they contribute to the design and implementation of innovative interventions aimed at improving health outcomes for individuals with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) and HIV. Their involvement in research protocols, data analysis, and interpretation ensures the scientific rigor and validity of our studies. Additionally, our partners facilitate access to critical funding, infrastructure, and technical support, enabling us to conduct high-quality research and reach marginalized populations. Through their collaborative efforts, we can develop evidence-based recommendations and interventions that address the complex challenges of DR-TB and HIV co-infection, ultimately leading to improved health outcomes and reduced disease burden |
| Impact | No outputs have been generated as the study has just commenced. |
| Start Year | 2022 |
| Description | BioNTech Protocol No BNT164-02 |
| Organisation | BioNTech AG |
| Country | Germany |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | As a multinational collaborative team, we will play a pivotal role in advancing joint efforts to evaluate two investigational vaccines against active tuberculosis in BCG-vaccinated, HIV-negative subjects. Drawing upon our collective expertise in vaccine development, immunology, and clinical research, we will make significant contributions to the design and execution of the Phase Ib trial. Our team will be actively involved in conducting safety assessments, monitoring reactogenicity, and assessing the immunogenicity of the investigational vaccines. Through rigorous data collection, analysis, and interpretation, we aim to provide valuable insights into the safety and efficacy profiles of these vaccines. Furthermore, our team will actively engage with study participants, ensuring their comprehension of the trial procedures and promoting adherence. Overall, our multinational collaboration will be instrumental in advancing efforts toward preventing active tuberculosis, thereby contributing to improved global public health outcomes |
| Collaborator Contribution | Our partners, supported by BioNTech SE, have made significant contributions to our collaboration, enriching its scope and impact in various ways. Leveraging their expertise in vaccine development and biotechnology, they have played a pivotal role in the design and formulation of the investigational vaccines against active tuberculosis. Their scientific insights and technological innovations have been instrumental in optimizing vaccine candidates for safety and efficacy. Additionally, our partners have provided crucial resources and infrastructure for the preclinical and clinical evaluation of these vaccines, facilitating their advancement through the development pipeline. Moreover, their commitment to global health and collaboration has fostered a dynamic environment conducive to innovation and progress. Overall, the contributions of our partners supported by BioNTech SE have been integral to advancing efforts aimed at preventing tuberculosis and improving public health outcomes. |
| Impact | Clinical has just commenced- no outputs have been generated yet |
| Start Year | 2023 |
| Description | CommuniTB Gates MRI-TBV02-301 |
| Organisation | Bill and Melinda Gates Medical Research Institute |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| PI Contribution | The *CommuniTB Gates MRI-TBV02-301* grant, sponsored by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, involves a multinational collaborative team dedicated to advancing the evaluation of the investigational M72/AS01E-4 Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) vaccine. This Phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trial aims to assess the prophylactic efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of the M72/AS01E-4 vaccine when administered intramuscularly on a 0,1-month schedule to adolescents and adults. Drawing on our collective expertise in vaccine development, immunology, and clinical research, we will make significant contributions to the design and execution of the trial. Our team will play an active role in conducting safety assessments, monitoring reactogenicity, and evaluating the immunogenicity of the investigational vaccine. Through rigorous data collection, analysis, and interpretation, we aim to provide critical insights into the safety and efficacy profiles of the M72/AS01E-4 vaccine. In addition to our scientific contributions, we will ensure active engagement with study participants, helping them comprehend the trial procedures and promoting adherence. This collaborative effort will be instrumental in advancing global efforts toward preventing active tuberculosis, ultimately contributing to the development of an effective TB vaccine and improving public health outcomes worldwide. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Our partners, supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, have made invaluable contributions to the *CommuniTB* collaboration, enhancing its scope and impact in multiple ways. Drawing on their extensive expertise in vaccine development, immunology, and clinical research, they have played a crucial role in the design and formulation of the investigational M72/AS01E-4 vaccine against tuberculosis. Their scientific insights have been essential in optimizing the vaccine candidate, ensuring its safety and efficacy for the Phase 3 trial. Furthermore, our partners have provided vital resources and infrastructure for the preclinical and clinical evaluation of the M72/AS01E-4 vaccine, facilitating its progression through the development pipeline. Their support in logistics, trial coordination, and regulatory expertise has been fundamental to the smooth execution of the study. Additionally, their commitment to global health and collaboration has fostered an environment of innovation and teamwork, helping to advance efforts in preventing tuberculosis. The collective contributions of our partners, supported by the Gates Foundation, have been central to driving forward the goal of developing an effective TB vaccine and improving public health outcomes worldwide. |
| Impact | Clinical has just commenced- no outputs have been generated yet |
| Start Year | 2023 |
| Description | ID93+GLA Vaccine Trial |
| Organisation | National Institutes of Health (NIH) |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Public |
| PI Contribution | Our research team has made significant contributions to the *ID93+GLA Vaccine Trial*, a Phase 2a/2b study evaluating the safety, immunogenicity, and therapeutic efficacy of ID93 + GLA-SE vaccination in participants with rifampicin-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis. We have played a pivotal role in the design and implementation of the trial, leveraging our expertise in vaccine development, clinical research, and TB immunology. We have been responsible for conducting safety assessments, monitoring reactogenicity, and evaluating the immune responses of participants to the investigational vaccine. Through meticulous data collection, analysis, and interpretation, we have provided key insights into the vaccine's potential to enhance immune responses and its safety profile in individuals with active TB. Additionally, we have been actively involved in participant recruitment and ensuring adherence to trial protocols, helping to maintain the integrity and quality of the trial. Our team also brings extensive previous experience with vaccine trials, having successfully contributed to multiple clinical studies aimed at developing vaccines for infectious diseases, including tuberculosis. This history of involvement in vaccine development has provided us with the expertise in clinical trial design, safety monitoring, and data analysis, which has been crucial to our role in the ID93+GLA Vaccine Trial. Furthermore, we have collaborated closely with other stakeholders to manage logistics, analyze clinical outcomes, and contribute to the overall advancement of TB vaccine development. Our efforts have been central to assessing the therapeutic potential of ID93 + GLA-SE in improving treatment outcomes for individuals with TB, ultimately contributing to global efforts to combat the disease. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Our partners for this trial- the National Institutes of Health (NIH), have made significant contributions to the ID93+GLA Vaccine Trial, enriching its scope and impact in various ways. Leveraging their expertise in vaccine development, immunology, and clinical research, they have played a pivotal role in the design and formulation of the investigational ID93 + GLA-SE vaccine for tuberculosis. Their scientific insights and innovations have been instrumental in optimizing the vaccine candidates for safety and efficacy in individuals with rifampicin-susceptible pulmonary TB. In addition, our partners have provided essential resources and infrastructure for the preclinical and clinical evaluation of the vaccine, supporting the trial's seamless execution and progression through the development pipeline. Their commitment to advancing global health and fostering collaboration has created a dynamic environment conducive to innovation and progress. Overall, the contributions of our partners, supported by the NIH, have been critical in advancing efforts to develop a new vaccine for tuberculosis, ultimately contributing to improved public health outcomes worldwide. |
| Impact | Clinical has just commenced- no outputs have been generated yet |
| Start Year | 2025 |
| Description | KwaZulu Natal Clinical Trials Unit (KZN CTU) |
| Organisation | National Institutes of Health (NIH) |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Public |
| PI Contribution | The KwaZulu-Natal Clinical Trials Unit (KZN-CTU) is strategically positioned in the epicenter of severe HIV and tuberculosis epidemics, merging Clinical Research Sites (CRSs) from established CTUs at CAPRISA and the South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC). In the current funding cycle, these combined CTUs enrolled 4,713 participants across 28 protocols with an impressive retention rate of 93%. Key scientists within KZN-CTU played influential roles within Clinical Trial Networks (CTNs), impacting global policy and practice, particularly in HIV prevention and treatment strategies. Led by Quarraisha Abdool Karim of CAPRISA, KZN-CTU's components include leadership and governance, coordination and monitoring, 8 CRSs, and 8 research support cores. The CRSs, located in high-burden districts, serve diverse populations suitable for HIV prevention, vaccine, and treatment trials, including children, adolescents, and pregnant women. Support cores aid in trial conduct, administration, communication, training, and regulatory compliance. Effective organizational structures and communication tools facilitate governance and coordination within the unit. KZN-CTU enjoys strong support from community groups and political backing from national and provincial health departments. With well-established facilities, laboratories, and extensive trial experience, KZN-CTU is poised to contribute significantly to advancing HIV and tuberculosis prevention and treatment approaches across all 4 CTNs. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Our partners have made invaluable contributions to our collaboration, enhancing its impact and effectiveness in several key areas. Firstly, their expertise and experience in clinical research have significantly strengthened the quality and rigor of our trials. Their involvement in protocol development, participant recruitment, and data analysis has ensured that our research meets the highest standards of scientific rigor. Additionally, our partners have played a crucial role in expanding the reach and scope of our trials. Through their extensive networks and collaborations, they have helped us access diverse populations and clinical settings, allowing us to conduct research in high-priority areas and reach those most in need of intervention. Moreover, our partners have provided essential support in terms of resources and infrastructure. From providing access to clinical facilities and laboratories to offering logistical support and administrative assistance, their contributions have been vital in enabling the smooth implementation of our trials. Furthermore, our partners have actively engaged with local communities and stakeholders, fostering trust and collaboration essential for the success of our research endeavours. Through their outreach efforts and community engagement initiatives, they have helped ensure that our trials are culturally sensitive and responsive to the needs of the populations we serve. Overall, the contributions of our partners have been integral to the success of our collaboration, enabling us to conduct impactful research that advances our understanding of HIV and tuberculosis prevention and treatment. Together, we are making significant strides towards improving health outcomes and reducing the burden of these diseases in our communities. |
| Impact | 137 publications to date- can be found on the following link: https://app.dimensions.ai/details/grant/grant.2705311 |
| Start Year | 2007 |
| Description | Quality Improvement Mentorship |
| Organisation | Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| PI Contribution | CAPRISA has sub-contracted IHI to provide input and guidance into the implementation of the study intervention. The study intervention is Quality Improvement to improve the integration of TB and HIV services in order to reduce TB-related deaths in HIV-infected patients. |
| Collaborator Contribution | The Institute for Healthcare Improvement has built capacity within the CAPRISA team to lead and implement the Quality Improvement intervention in this study. IHI provides mentorship to CAPRISA's QI mentors |
| Impact | 10 CAPRISA staff have been trained by IHI on Quality Improvement Leadership Management |
| Start Year | 2016 |
| Description | REVAX: Randomized, placebo controlled, observer-blind, phase IIb study to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of BCG revaccination in healthy adolescents for the prevention of sustained mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (Gates MRI-TBV01-201) |
| Organisation | Bill and Melinda Gates Medical Research Institute |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| PI Contribution | Kogieleum Naidoo, Co-Principal Investigator, Centre for Aids Programme of Research in South Africa CAPRISA heads one of the South African Investigational Sites (2-Berea): (1) Klipfontein, Cape Town, South Africa, 7750 ; (2) Berea, Durban, South Africa, 4001 ; (3) Hillbrow, Johannesburg, South Africa, 2001; (4) Paarl, Western Cape, South Africa, 7626 and (5) Worcester, Western Cape, South Africa, 6850 In SA, we have a high burden of TB as well as a high HIV prevalence rate. eThekwini/Durban has the greatest burden of TB in the entire region of KwaZulu-Natal. Therefore, our country serves as a suitable environment to conduct as study such as this clinical trial. The generation of new knowledge and understanding, the development of new innovative approaches to solve everyday issues, remains fundamental to human progress and prosperity. In this regard, I have invested much of my time working in translational research aimed at addressing the major health challenges of HIV and TB related morbidity and mortality. Regarding my expertise, one of my great contributions to strengthening programmes and clinical practice, has been through the CDC/Pepfar funded Advanced Clinical Care Programme (ACC), which I led for 7 years. This program aimed to strengthen capacity of the South African Government's Department of Health to provide quality and sustainable clinical care for HIV-infected patients with complicated HIV and HIV/TB. This programme developed and implemented a model of problem-based training, mentorship, and support for doctors, nurse mentors and pharmacists, through CPD-accredited ACC training workshops, benefitting several thousand HCWs from hundreds of health facilities in South Africa. This training curriculum has since been adopted and scaled up nationally by the South African National Department of Health and continues to capacitate frontline workers to provider advanced clinical care for patients with complex HIV and HIV-TB. In addition, several tools developed through this work, have also been scaled up nationally including virtual support helplines for Drug resistant TB and infectious diseases, a Handbook for making Viral Load Monitoring routine, and a Casebook of Radiologic Features of TB in HIV. Through regular engagement with other scientists, health practitioners and policy makers locally and internationally, our scientific discoveries have been translated into policy and guidelines. In line with today's Scientific realm priority of enhanced availability of high-level human capital in generating evidence-based science advice, I am deeply committed to capacity development and training of the next generation of scientists. It is critically important to ensure sustainability of scientific advancement in addressing current and new challenges facing humanity. CAPRISA has well trained postgraduate students as well as postdoctoral fellows, and undergraduate students. All trainees have developed much needed skills in critical thinking, written, oral and verbal communication of science, scientific process, and in data analysis and interpretation |
| Collaborator Contribution | Study Director: Gates MRI Bill & Melinda Gates Medical Research Institute As stipulated by conditions of research grant ( Gates MRI-TBV01-201): 1. Acquired funding that enabled employment of auxiliary staff for clinical trial. 2. Purchase of vaccines doses that would not have been possible to such a large scale or would have been difficult as a developing country with limited resources. 3. Provided a platform to discuss further solutions to the ongoing burden of TB disease in SA and its impact on our economic status and health system |
| Impact | No outputs generated as yet |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | Second Generation InSTIs for the Treatment of HIV-1 in patients with TB co-infection on Rifampicin-based Treatment in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa (Insight study), |
| Organisation | Johns Hopkins University |
| Department | School of Medicine Johns Hopkins |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Anushka Naidoo, Principal Investigator, Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa Kelley E Dooley, Principal Investigator, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in USA Kogieleum Naidoo, Co-Principal Investigator, Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa In SA, we have a high burden of TB as well as a high HIV prevalence rate. eThekwini/Durban has the greatest burden of TB in the entire region of KwaZulu-Natal. Therefore, our country serves as a suitable environment to conduct as study such as this clinical trial. The generation of new knowledge and understanding, the development of new innovative approaches to solve everyday issues, remains fundamental to human progress and prosperity. In this regard, I have invested much of my time working in translational research aimed at addressing the major health challenges of HIV and TB related morbidity and mortality. Regarding my expertise, one of my great contributions to strengthening programmes and clinical practice, has been through the CDC/Pepfar funded Advanced Clinical Care Programme (ACC), which I led for 7 years. This program aimed to strengthen capacity of the South African Government's Department of Health to provide quality and sustainable clinical care for HIV-infected patients with complicated HIV and HIV/TB. This programme developed and implemented a model of problem-based training, mentorship, and support for doctors, nurse mentors and pharmacists, through CPD-accredited ACC training workshops, benefitting several thousand HCWs from hundreds of health facilities in South Africa. This training curriculum has since been adopted and scaled up nationally by the South African National Department of Health and continues to capacitate frontline workers to provider advanced clinical care for patients with complex HIV and HIV-TB. In addition, several tools developed through this work, have also been scaled up nationally including virtual support helplines for Drug resistant TB and infectious diseases, a Handbook for making Viral Load Monitoring routine, and a Casebook of Radiologic Features of TB in HIV. Through regular engagement with other scientists, health practitioners and policy makers locally and internationally, our scientific discoveries have been translated into policy and guidelines. In line with today's Scientific realm priority of enhanced availability of high-level human capital in generating evidence-based science advice, I am deeply committed to capacity development and training of the next generation of scientists. It is critically important to ensure sustainability of scientific advancement in addressing current and new challenges facing humanity. CAPRISA has well trained postgraduate students as well as postdoctoral fellows, and undergraduate students. All trainees have developed much needed skills in critical thinking, written, oral and verbal communication of science, scientific process, and in data analysis and interpretation |
| Collaborator Contribution | As stipulated in 1R01AI152142-01 Conditions of Grant |
| Impact | 1. Naidoo A, Dooley KE, Naidoo K, Padayatchi N, Yende-Zuma N, Perumal R, Dorse G, Boodhram R, Osuala EC. INSTIs for the management of HIV-associated TB (INSIGHT study): a phase 2b study to evaluate the efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics of a combination of bictegravir, emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide fumarate for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in patients with drug-susceptible tuberculosis on a rifampicin-based treatment regimen: a phase 2b open-label randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open. 2022 Nov 10;12(11):e067765. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067765. |
| Start Year | 2020 |
| Description | South African Department of Health (SA DOH) Liaison |
| Organisation | BroadReach Group |
| Department | BroadReach Healthcare |
| Country | South Africa |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | The CAPRISA team have partnered with BroadReach Healthcare (BRHC) as they are a support partner to the SA DoH. In the interests of sustainability of the intervention and inclusivity of stakeholders that can provide valuable input into the project, we have a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with BRHC to share best practices on enhancing TB-HIV service integration |
| Collaborator Contribution | BRHC has assisted in negotiating access to SA DOH clinics |
| Impact | None as yet |
| Start Year | 2016 |
| Description | South African Medical Research Council - CAPRISA HIV-TB Pathogenesis and Treatment Research Unit |
| Organisation | Medical Research Council of South Africa (MRC) |
| Country | South Africa |
| Sector | Public |
| PI Contribution | Our research team has made significant contributions to the collaboration with the MRC Extramural Unit, particularly in pursuit of the overarching goal to reduce morbidity and mortality from HIV-TB co-infection. We have actively engaged in designing and executing research projects aimed at addressing key challenges in this domain. Our expertise in epidemiology, infectious diseases, healthcare delivery and policy has been instrumental in shaping the direction of our research initiatives. Specifically, our team has contributed to the development of innovative approaches to improve diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies for TB and HIV-TB co-infection. We have conducted studies to better understand the epidemiology of these diseases, identify barriers to care, and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions in real-world settings. Through our research efforts, we have generated evidence-based recommendations that can inform policy and practice, ultimately leading to improved outcomes for individuals living with TB or HIV-TB co-infection. Furthermore, our team has actively collaborated with healthcare providers, community organizations, and other stakeholders to ensure that our research findings are translated into tangible benefits for affected populations. We have participated in capacity-building activities, training healthcare workers, and disseminating knowledge to empower communities to effectively address the challenges posed by TB and HIV-TB co-infection. |
| Collaborator Contribution | The Extramural Units (EMUs) of the SAMRC are independent research divisions tasked with conducting research on behalf of the organization. This research encompasses various domains such as basic laboratory investigations, clinical research, and public health studies. It involves scientists employed by diverse South African and international science councils, medical schools, universities, and research institutions collaborating with the SAMRC. To ensure a substantial impact on the improvement of South Africans' lives, it is essential to foster cohesion within the South African health research landscape. This involves not only focusing on internal research within the SAMRC but also engaging with the external research community through EMUs. EMUs contribute to the SAMRC's strategic objectives by offering an integrated interdisciplinary research approach characterized by scientific excellence. This pursuit is driven by a clear vision of advancing research progress, generating new knowledge, facilitating discoveries, fostering technological advancements, and nurturing the next generation of highly qualified researchers. Ultimately, this collective effort aims to achieve both national and global scientific impact for the country. |
| Impact | Impacting clinical practice-Implementation science for enhanced translation of clinical trial evidence into effective integrated HIV-TB services to improve survival of HIV-TB co-infected patients: Doi: 10.1016/S2352-3018(23)00047-4, Doi: 10.1016/j.jgar.2021.10.023, Doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofac325, Doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00811-2; Improving HIV-TB co-infected patient survival through treatment optimisation: Doi: 10.1016/S2352-3018(21)00324-6, Doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac185, Doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002940, Doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac232; Translational Science contributing to improved TB detection in HIV infected and uninfected populations- Diagnosis and Clinical Management of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: Doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.775030, Doi: 10.1128/cmr.00180-19; Immune correlates of TB risk and outcomes in PLWHA: Doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.11.033, Doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.949370; Screen and Treat Strategy for TB Prevention: Doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101396, Doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103886, Doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101328, Doi: 10.1038/s43856-022-00086-8; |
| Start Year | 2015 |
| Description | Targeted Approaches for Rational use of Genomic and geospatial data to End Transmission of Tuberculosis (TARGET TB) |
| Organisation | National Institutes of Health (NIH) |
| Department | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Public |
| PI Contribution | The CAPRISA 095 TARGET TB study aims to identify TB transmission hotspot areas within a defined community, and leverage that information to design and advance effective, and efficient TB case-finding interventions. Furthermore, this study aims to identify undetected TB, to help understand the contribution of undiagnosed subclinical TB to community transmission, the latter being critical to interrupting TB transmission. The TARGET TB study is led by Prof Barun Mathema, Professor of Public Health at Columbia University in New York and study Co-PI, Prof Kogieleum Naidoo, CAPRISA Deputy Director and Head of the TB-HIV Treatment Research Programme. This study adopts a novel approach of linking transmission dynamics to detecting undiagnosed and subclinical community-level TB. The rapid identification and treatment of infectious individuals with tuberculosis is central to breaking the chain of TB transmission as 40% of incident TB cases globally remain undiagnosed each year, contributing to delayed initiation of treatment, prolonged infectiousness, and ongoing TB transmission, Undiagnosed cases include symptomatic and asymptomatic TB patients who have not sought care or are missed by the health system, whose potential to transmit TB is unknown. Durban, South Africa will serve as one of the clinical trial sites. In SA, we have a high burden of TB as well as a high HIV prevalence rate. eThekwini/Durban has the greatest burden of TB in the entire region of KwaZulu-Natal. Therefore, our country serves as a suitable environment to conduct as study such as this clinical trial. The generation of new knowledge and understanding, the development of new innovative approaches to solve everyday issues, remains fundamental to human progress and prosperity. In this regard, I have invested much of my time working in translational research aimed at addressing the major health challenges of HIV and TB related morbidity and mortality. Regarding my expertise, one of my great contributions to strengthening programmes and clinical practice, has been through the CDC/Pepfar funded Advanced Clinical Care Programme (ACC), which I led for 7 years. This program aimed to strengthen capacity of the South African Government's Department of Health to provide quality and sustainable clinical care for HIV-infected patients with complicated HIV and HIV/TB. This programme developed and implemented a model of problem-based training, mentorship, and support for doctors, nurse mentors and pharmacists, through CPD-accredited ACC training workshops, benefitting several thousand HCWs from hundreds of health facilities in South Africa. This training curriculum has since been adopted and scaled up nationally by the South African National Department of Health and continues to capacitate frontline workers to provider advanced clinical care for patients with complex HIV and HIV-TB. In addition, several tools developed through this work, have also been scaled up nationally including virtual support helplines for Drug resistant TB and infectious diseases, a Handbook for making Viral Load Monitoring routine, and a Casebook of Radiologic Features of TB in HIV. Through regular engagement with other scientists, health practitioners and policy makers locally and internationally, our scientific discoveries have been translated into policy and guidelines. In line with today's Scientific realm priority of enhanced availability of high-level human capital in generating evidence-based science advice, I am deeply committed to capacity development and training of the next generation of scientists. It is critically important to ensure sustainability of scientific advancement in addressing current and new challenges facing humanity. CAPRISA has well trained postgraduate students as well as postdoctoral fellows, and undergraduate students. All trainees have developed much needed skills in critical thinking, written, oral and verbal communication of science, scientific process, and in data analysis and interpretation |
| Collaborator Contribution | Barun Mathema: Principal investigator, Columbia University, New York, USA As stipulated in Conditions of Grant: 1. Acquired funding that facilitated hiring or auxiliary staff/training of staff/students 2. Dr. Mathema's research is in the field of infectious disease epidemiology with particular focus on Mycobacterium tuberculosis, nosocomial pathogens and antibiotic resistance. Initial work included evaluating tuberculosis programs and conducting active surveillance on antibiotic resistant hospital pathogens nationwide under the CDC Hospital Infections Program. Dr. Mathema has been heavily involved in leading the design, analysis and management of molecular epidemiologic studies in New York, China and various sites in South Africa particularly focusing on transmission patterns and drug resistance in M. tuberculosis. Over the last 8 years he has worked extensively on macro- and micro-evolutionary studies of M. tuberculosis employing multiple molecular methods including whole-genome analysis to better understand genotype-phenotype relationships within an epidemiologic context. These investigations have included studies on risk factor epidemiology, bacterial evolution, mechanisms of drug resistance, differential immunity and pathogenesis of clinical M. tuberculosis strains. Dr Mathema has a wealth of experience and knowledge that will direct tis trial to success |
| Impact | No outputs generated as yet |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | The Role of Casual Contact and Migration in XDR TB Transmission in South Africa: A Geospatial, Genomic and Social Network study (CONTEXT) |
| Organisation | Albert Einstein College of Medicine |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | An epidemic of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR TB) has converged with the long-standing HIV epidemic in South Africa. We have previously demonstrated that transmission is driving the spread of XDR TB, yet the majority of this transmission could not be traced to either close contacts or healthcare-associated transmission. The CONTEXT (Casual Contact and Migration in XDR TB) study will integrate geospatial, genomic, and social network data to comprehensively characterize the contributions of casual contact and migration to XDR TB transmission and generate concrete, actionable data to inform targeted public health interventions to curb the XDR TB epidemic. Kogieleum Naidoo, Co-Principal Investigator, Centre for Aids Programme of Research in South Africa As stipulated in 5R01AI138646-03 Conditions of Grant: In SA, we have a high burden of TB as well as a high HIV prevalence rate. eThekwini/Durban has the greatest burden of TB in the entire region of KwaZulu-Natal. Therefore, our country serves as a suitable environment to conduct as study such as this clinical trial. The generation of new knowledge and understanding, the development of new innovative approaches to solve everyday issues, remains fundamental to human progress and prosperity. In this regard, I have invested much of my time working in translational research aimed at addressing the major health challenges of HIV and TB related morbidity and mortality. Regarding my expertise, one of my great contributions to strengthening programmes and clinical practice, has been through the CDC/Pepfar funded Advanced Clinical Care Programme (ACC), which I led for 7 years. This program aimed to strengthen capacity of the South African Government's Department of Health to provide quality and sustainable clinical care for HIV-infected patients with complicated HIV and HIV/TB. This programme developed and implemented a model of problem-based training, mentorship, and support for doctors, nurse mentors and pharmacists, through CPD-accredited ACC training workshops, benefitting several thousand HCWs from hundreds of health facilities in South Africa. This training curriculum has since been adopted and scaled up nationally by the South African National Department of Health and continues to capacitate frontline workers to provider advanced clinical care for patients with complex HIV and HIV-TB. In addition, several tools developed through this work, have also been scaled up nationally including virtual support helplines for Drug resistant TB and infectious diseases, a Handbook for making Viral Load Monitoring routine, and a Casebook of Radiologic Features of TB in HIV. Through regular engagement with other scientists, health practitioners and policy makers locally and internationally, our scientific discoveries have been translated into policy and guidelines. In line with today's Scientific realm priority of enhanced availability of high-level human capital in generating evidence-based science advice, I am deeply committed to capacity development and training of the next generation of scientists. It is critically important to ensure sustainability of scientific advancement in addressing current and new challenges facing humanity. CAPRISA has well trained postgraduate students as well as postdoctoral fellows, and undergraduate students. All trainees have developed much needed skills in critical thinking, written, oral and verbal communication of science, scientific process, and in data analysis and interpretation |
| Collaborator Contribution | Neel Rajnikant Gandhi, Principal Investigator, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States As stipulated in 5R01AI138646-03 grant conditions |
| Impact | No outputs generated yet |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | Triage Test for All Oral DR TB Regimen: TRiAD study |
| Organisation | Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development (AIGHD) |
| Country | Netherlands |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | Our collaborative partnership has been enriched by the contributions of our research team in several key areas. First and foremost, our team brings expertise in several key areas including epidemiology, public health and healthcare systems management, providing valuable insights and guidance throughout the project. We have actively contributed intellectually to the development of strategies and interventions aimed at integrating TB and HIV-TB services, drawing upon our research findings and knowledge of best practices in the field. Additionally, our team has played a significant role in training staff involved in the collaboration. We have conducted workshops and one-on-one training sessions to impart essential skills and knowledge related to quality improvement methods, data analysis techniques and healthcare delivery protocols. By equipping staff with the necessary tools and expertise, we have empowered them to effectively implement and sustain the interventions proposed within the collaboration. Overall, our contributions have been instrumental in advancing the goals of the collaboration, ensuring that it is grounded in evidence-based practices and equipped with the necessary human resources to drive meaningful change in integrated HIV and TB service delivery. |
| Collaborator Contribution | The support of our collaborators has been instrumental in shaping the outcomes of our research in several keyways. Firstly, their expertise and intellectual input have provided invaluable guidance throughout the research process. By drawing upon their specialized knowledge emanating from several different country settings, our collaborators have offered valuable insights and perspectives that have enriched the quality and depth of our analysis and hence the overall study. Moreover, our collaborators have played a crucial role in training staff involved in TRiAD. Through workshops, virtual meetings and hands-on training sessions, they have imparted essential skills and knowledge to our team members, ensuring that they are equipped to carry out their roles effectively and contribute meaningfully to the research objectives. Through collaborations, access to critical resources such as data, equipment, and facilities was successfully gained. Their support in this regard has enabled us to access datasets, utilize state-of-the-art equipment, and leverage specialized facilities that would have otherwise been inaccessible or prohibitively expensive. Overall, the support of our collaborators has been indispensable in driving the success of our research endeavors. Through their expertise, intellectual input, training efforts, and provision of resources, they have significantly contributed to the achievement of our research objectives and the generation of impactful outcomes. |
| Impact | The observational study is still ongoing. Data is currently being collected and analysed. A protocol manuscript has been submitted to a peer-reviewed journal and several data-driven manuscript are in the pipeline following the close of the study at the end of December 2024/early 2025. |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | Triage Test for All Oral DR TB Regimen: TRiAD study |
| Organisation | Ethiopian Public Health Institute |
| Country | Ethiopia |
| Sector | Public |
| PI Contribution | Our collaborative partnership has been enriched by the contributions of our research team in several key areas. First and foremost, our team brings expertise in several key areas including epidemiology, public health and healthcare systems management, providing valuable insights and guidance throughout the project. We have actively contributed intellectually to the development of strategies and interventions aimed at integrating TB and HIV-TB services, drawing upon our research findings and knowledge of best practices in the field. Additionally, our team has played a significant role in training staff involved in the collaboration. We have conducted workshops and one-on-one training sessions to impart essential skills and knowledge related to quality improvement methods, data analysis techniques and healthcare delivery protocols. By equipping staff with the necessary tools and expertise, we have empowered them to effectively implement and sustain the interventions proposed within the collaboration. Overall, our contributions have been instrumental in advancing the goals of the collaboration, ensuring that it is grounded in evidence-based practices and equipped with the necessary human resources to drive meaningful change in integrated HIV and TB service delivery. |
| Collaborator Contribution | The support of our collaborators has been instrumental in shaping the outcomes of our research in several keyways. Firstly, their expertise and intellectual input have provided invaluable guidance throughout the research process. By drawing upon their specialized knowledge emanating from several different country settings, our collaborators have offered valuable insights and perspectives that have enriched the quality and depth of our analysis and hence the overall study. Moreover, our collaborators have played a crucial role in training staff involved in TRiAD. Through workshops, virtual meetings and hands-on training sessions, they have imparted essential skills and knowledge to our team members, ensuring that they are equipped to carry out their roles effectively and contribute meaningfully to the research objectives. Through collaborations, access to critical resources such as data, equipment, and facilities was successfully gained. Their support in this regard has enabled us to access datasets, utilize state-of-the-art equipment, and leverage specialized facilities that would have otherwise been inaccessible or prohibitively expensive. Overall, the support of our collaborators has been indispensable in driving the success of our research endeavors. Through their expertise, intellectual input, training efforts, and provision of resources, they have significantly contributed to the achievement of our research objectives and the generation of impactful outcomes. |
| Impact | The observational study is still ongoing. Data is currently being collected and analysed. A protocol manuscript has been submitted to a peer-reviewed journal and several data-driven manuscript are in the pipeline following the close of the study at the end of December 2024/early 2025. |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | Triage Test for All Oral DR TB Regimen: TRiAD study |
| Organisation | Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND) |
| Country | Switzerland |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| PI Contribution | Our collaborative partnership has been enriched by the contributions of our research team in several key areas. First and foremost, our team brings expertise in several key areas including epidemiology, public health and healthcare systems management, providing valuable insights and guidance throughout the project. We have actively contributed intellectually to the development of strategies and interventions aimed at integrating TB and HIV-TB services, drawing upon our research findings and knowledge of best practices in the field. Additionally, our team has played a significant role in training staff involved in the collaboration. We have conducted workshops and one-on-one training sessions to impart essential skills and knowledge related to quality improvement methods, data analysis techniques and healthcare delivery protocols. By equipping staff with the necessary tools and expertise, we have empowered them to effectively implement and sustain the interventions proposed within the collaboration. Overall, our contributions have been instrumental in advancing the goals of the collaboration, ensuring that it is grounded in evidence-based practices and equipped with the necessary human resources to drive meaningful change in integrated HIV and TB service delivery. |
| Collaborator Contribution | The support of our collaborators has been instrumental in shaping the outcomes of our research in several keyways. Firstly, their expertise and intellectual input have provided invaluable guidance throughout the research process. By drawing upon their specialized knowledge emanating from several different country settings, our collaborators have offered valuable insights and perspectives that have enriched the quality and depth of our analysis and hence the overall study. Moreover, our collaborators have played a crucial role in training staff involved in TRiAD. Through workshops, virtual meetings and hands-on training sessions, they have imparted essential skills and knowledge to our team members, ensuring that they are equipped to carry out their roles effectively and contribute meaningfully to the research objectives. Through collaborations, access to critical resources such as data, equipment, and facilities was successfully gained. Their support in this regard has enabled us to access datasets, utilize state-of-the-art equipment, and leverage specialized facilities that would have otherwise been inaccessible or prohibitively expensive. Overall, the support of our collaborators has been indispensable in driving the success of our research endeavors. Through their expertise, intellectual input, training efforts, and provision of resources, they have significantly contributed to the achievement of our research objectives and the generation of impactful outcomes. |
| Impact | The observational study is still ongoing. Data is currently being collected and analysed. A protocol manuscript has been submitted to a peer-reviewed journal and several data-driven manuscript are in the pipeline following the close of the study at the end of December 2024/early 2025. |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | Triage Test for All Oral DR TB Regimen: TRiAD study |
| Organisation | Institute of Human Virology |
| Country | Nigeria |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| PI Contribution | Our collaborative partnership has been enriched by the contributions of our research team in several key areas. First and foremost, our team brings expertise in several key areas including epidemiology, public health and healthcare systems management, providing valuable insights and guidance throughout the project. We have actively contributed intellectually to the development of strategies and interventions aimed at integrating TB and HIV-TB services, drawing upon our research findings and knowledge of best practices in the field. Additionally, our team has played a significant role in training staff involved in the collaboration. We have conducted workshops and one-on-one training sessions to impart essential skills and knowledge related to quality improvement methods, data analysis techniques and healthcare delivery protocols. By equipping staff with the necessary tools and expertise, we have empowered them to effectively implement and sustain the interventions proposed within the collaboration. Overall, our contributions have been instrumental in advancing the goals of the collaboration, ensuring that it is grounded in evidence-based practices and equipped with the necessary human resources to drive meaningful change in integrated HIV and TB service delivery. |
| Collaborator Contribution | The support of our collaborators has been instrumental in shaping the outcomes of our research in several keyways. Firstly, their expertise and intellectual input have provided invaluable guidance throughout the research process. By drawing upon their specialized knowledge emanating from several different country settings, our collaborators have offered valuable insights and perspectives that have enriched the quality and depth of our analysis and hence the overall study. Moreover, our collaborators have played a crucial role in training staff involved in TRiAD. Through workshops, virtual meetings and hands-on training sessions, they have imparted essential skills and knowledge to our team members, ensuring that they are equipped to carry out their roles effectively and contribute meaningfully to the research objectives. Through collaborations, access to critical resources such as data, equipment, and facilities was successfully gained. Their support in this regard has enabled us to access datasets, utilize state-of-the-art equipment, and leverage specialized facilities that would have otherwise been inaccessible or prohibitively expensive. Overall, the support of our collaborators has been indispensable in driving the success of our research endeavors. Through their expertise, intellectual input, training efforts, and provision of resources, they have significantly contributed to the achievement of our research objectives and the generation of impactful outcomes. |
| Impact | The observational study is still ongoing. Data is currently being collected and analysed. A protocol manuscript has been submitted to a peer-reviewed journal and several data-driven manuscript are in the pipeline following the close of the study at the end of December 2024/early 2025. |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | Triage Test for All Oral DR TB Regimen: TRiAD study |
| Organisation | National Institute for Medical Research, Tanzania |
| Country | Tanzania, United Republic of |
| Sector | Public |
| PI Contribution | Our collaborative partnership has been enriched by the contributions of our research team in several key areas. First and foremost, our team brings expertise in several key areas including epidemiology, public health and healthcare systems management, providing valuable insights and guidance throughout the project. We have actively contributed intellectually to the development of strategies and interventions aimed at integrating TB and HIV-TB services, drawing upon our research findings and knowledge of best practices in the field. Additionally, our team has played a significant role in training staff involved in the collaboration. We have conducted workshops and one-on-one training sessions to impart essential skills and knowledge related to quality improvement methods, data analysis techniques and healthcare delivery protocols. By equipping staff with the necessary tools and expertise, we have empowered them to effectively implement and sustain the interventions proposed within the collaboration. Overall, our contributions have been instrumental in advancing the goals of the collaboration, ensuring that it is grounded in evidence-based practices and equipped with the necessary human resources to drive meaningful change in integrated HIV and TB service delivery. |
| Collaborator Contribution | The support of our collaborators has been instrumental in shaping the outcomes of our research in several keyways. Firstly, their expertise and intellectual input have provided invaluable guidance throughout the research process. By drawing upon their specialized knowledge emanating from several different country settings, our collaborators have offered valuable insights and perspectives that have enriched the quality and depth of our analysis and hence the overall study. Moreover, our collaborators have played a crucial role in training staff involved in TRiAD. Through workshops, virtual meetings and hands-on training sessions, they have imparted essential skills and knowledge to our team members, ensuring that they are equipped to carry out their roles effectively and contribute meaningfully to the research objectives. Through collaborations, access to critical resources such as data, equipment, and facilities was successfully gained. Their support in this regard has enabled us to access datasets, utilize state-of-the-art equipment, and leverage specialized facilities that would have otherwise been inaccessible or prohibitively expensive. Overall, the support of our collaborators has been indispensable in driving the success of our research endeavors. Through their expertise, intellectual input, training efforts, and provision of resources, they have significantly contributed to the achievement of our research objectives and the generation of impactful outcomes. |
| Impact | The observational study is still ongoing. Data is currently being collected and analysed. A protocol manuscript has been submitted to a peer-reviewed journal and several data-driven manuscript are in the pipeline following the close of the study at the end of December 2024/early 2025. |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | Triage Test for All Oral DR TB Regimen: TRiAD study |
| Organisation | San Raffaele Hospital |
| Country | Italy |
| Sector | Hospitals |
| PI Contribution | Our collaborative partnership has been enriched by the contributions of our research team in several key areas. First and foremost, our team brings expertise in several key areas including epidemiology, public health and healthcare systems management, providing valuable insights and guidance throughout the project. We have actively contributed intellectually to the development of strategies and interventions aimed at integrating TB and HIV-TB services, drawing upon our research findings and knowledge of best practices in the field. Additionally, our team has played a significant role in training staff involved in the collaboration. We have conducted workshops and one-on-one training sessions to impart essential skills and knowledge related to quality improvement methods, data analysis techniques and healthcare delivery protocols. By equipping staff with the necessary tools and expertise, we have empowered them to effectively implement and sustain the interventions proposed within the collaboration. Overall, our contributions have been instrumental in advancing the goals of the collaboration, ensuring that it is grounded in evidence-based practices and equipped with the necessary human resources to drive meaningful change in integrated HIV and TB service delivery. |
| Collaborator Contribution | The support of our collaborators has been instrumental in shaping the outcomes of our research in several keyways. Firstly, their expertise and intellectual input have provided invaluable guidance throughout the research process. By drawing upon their specialized knowledge emanating from several different country settings, our collaborators have offered valuable insights and perspectives that have enriched the quality and depth of our analysis and hence the overall study. Moreover, our collaborators have played a crucial role in training staff involved in TRiAD. Through workshops, virtual meetings and hands-on training sessions, they have imparted essential skills and knowledge to our team members, ensuring that they are equipped to carry out their roles effectively and contribute meaningfully to the research objectives. Through collaborations, access to critical resources such as data, equipment, and facilities was successfully gained. Their support in this regard has enabled us to access datasets, utilize state-of-the-art equipment, and leverage specialized facilities that would have otherwise been inaccessible or prohibitively expensive. Overall, the support of our collaborators has been indispensable in driving the success of our research endeavors. Through their expertise, intellectual input, training efforts, and provision of resources, they have significantly contributed to the achievement of our research objectives and the generation of impactful outcomes. |
| Impact | The observational study is still ongoing. Data is currently being collected and analysed. A protocol manuscript has been submitted to a peer-reviewed journal and several data-driven manuscript are in the pipeline following the close of the study at the end of December 2024/early 2025. |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | Triage Test for All Oral DR TB Regimen: TRiAD study |
| Organisation | University of St Andrews |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Our collaborative partnership has been enriched by the contributions of our research team in several key areas. First and foremost, our team brings expertise in several key areas including epidemiology, public health and healthcare systems management, providing valuable insights and guidance throughout the project. We have actively contributed intellectually to the development of strategies and interventions aimed at integrating TB and HIV-TB services, drawing upon our research findings and knowledge of best practices in the field. Additionally, our team has played a significant role in training staff involved in the collaboration. We have conducted workshops and one-on-one training sessions to impart essential skills and knowledge related to quality improvement methods, data analysis techniques and healthcare delivery protocols. By equipping staff with the necessary tools and expertise, we have empowered them to effectively implement and sustain the interventions proposed within the collaboration. Overall, our contributions have been instrumental in advancing the goals of the collaboration, ensuring that it is grounded in evidence-based practices and equipped with the necessary human resources to drive meaningful change in integrated HIV and TB service delivery. |
| Collaborator Contribution | The support of our collaborators has been instrumental in shaping the outcomes of our research in several keyways. Firstly, their expertise and intellectual input have provided invaluable guidance throughout the research process. By drawing upon their specialized knowledge emanating from several different country settings, our collaborators have offered valuable insights and perspectives that have enriched the quality and depth of our analysis and hence the overall study. Moreover, our collaborators have played a crucial role in training staff involved in TRiAD. Through workshops, virtual meetings and hands-on training sessions, they have imparted essential skills and knowledge to our team members, ensuring that they are equipped to carry out their roles effectively and contribute meaningfully to the research objectives. Through collaborations, access to critical resources such as data, equipment, and facilities was successfully gained. Their support in this regard has enabled us to access datasets, utilize state-of-the-art equipment, and leverage specialized facilities that would have otherwise been inaccessible or prohibitively expensive. Overall, the support of our collaborators has been indispensable in driving the success of our research endeavors. Through their expertise, intellectual input, training efforts, and provision of resources, they have significantly contributed to the achievement of our research objectives and the generation of impactful outcomes. |
| Impact | The observational study is still ongoing. Data is currently being collected and analysed. A protocol manuscript has been submitted to a peer-reviewed journal and several data-driven manuscript are in the pipeline following the close of the study at the end of December 2024/early 2025. |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | Triage Test for All Oral DR TB Regimen: TRiAD study |
| Organisation | University of the Witwatersrand |
| Country | South Africa |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Our collaborative partnership has been enriched by the contributions of our research team in several key areas. First and foremost, our team brings expertise in several key areas including epidemiology, public health and healthcare systems management, providing valuable insights and guidance throughout the project. We have actively contributed intellectually to the development of strategies and interventions aimed at integrating TB and HIV-TB services, drawing upon our research findings and knowledge of best practices in the field. Additionally, our team has played a significant role in training staff involved in the collaboration. We have conducted workshops and one-on-one training sessions to impart essential skills and knowledge related to quality improvement methods, data analysis techniques and healthcare delivery protocols. By equipping staff with the necessary tools and expertise, we have empowered them to effectively implement and sustain the interventions proposed within the collaboration. Overall, our contributions have been instrumental in advancing the goals of the collaboration, ensuring that it is grounded in evidence-based practices and equipped with the necessary human resources to drive meaningful change in integrated HIV and TB service delivery. |
| Collaborator Contribution | The support of our collaborators has been instrumental in shaping the outcomes of our research in several keyways. Firstly, their expertise and intellectual input have provided invaluable guidance throughout the research process. By drawing upon their specialized knowledge emanating from several different country settings, our collaborators have offered valuable insights and perspectives that have enriched the quality and depth of our analysis and hence the overall study. Moreover, our collaborators have played a crucial role in training staff involved in TRiAD. Through workshops, virtual meetings and hands-on training sessions, they have imparted essential skills and knowledge to our team members, ensuring that they are equipped to carry out their roles effectively and contribute meaningfully to the research objectives. Through collaborations, access to critical resources such as data, equipment, and facilities was successfully gained. Their support in this regard has enabled us to access datasets, utilize state-of-the-art equipment, and leverage specialized facilities that would have otherwise been inaccessible or prohibitively expensive. Overall, the support of our collaborators has been indispensable in driving the success of our research endeavors. Through their expertise, intellectual input, training efforts, and provision of resources, they have significantly contributed to the achievement of our research objectives and the generation of impactful outcomes. |
| Impact | The observational study is still ongoing. Data is currently being collected and analysed. A protocol manuscript has been submitted to a peer-reviewed journal and several data-driven manuscript are in the pipeline following the close of the study at the end of December 2024/early 2025. |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Title | Xpert® MTB/XDR (Cepheid) used in the Triage Test for All Oral DR TB Regimen: TRiAD study |
| Description | The effective management of TB and MDR-TB relies upon early diagnosis including universal DST and effective treatment of resistant TB strains. Fast molecular DST followed by the fast initiation of appropriate treatment regimens has benefits for both the individual, as well as the community where the patient lives. To avoid diagnostic delays, molecular DST should be obtained for fast detection of mutations associated with resistance while waiting for a phenotypic DST result to adjust treatment if necessary. Patient Impact: Fast and accurate DST results when needed most, Potential to test and initiate treatment for drug-resistant TB in a single visit, Adjustment of treatment as early as possible to reduce income loss and improve patient outcome; Potential TB Program Impact: Accurate and fast test results for drug-resistant TB, More patients linked to appropriate treatment regimens faster Leverage GeneXpert® capacity for further drug-resistance testing |
| Type | Diagnostic Tool - Non-Imaging |
| Current Stage Of Development | Refinement. Clinical |
| Year Development Stage Completed | 2021 |
| Development Status | Under active development/distribution |
| Clinical Trial? | Yes |
| Impact | The development of the Triage Test for All Oral DR TB Regimen using the Xpert® MTB/XDR (Cepheid) is currently being investigated in the TRiAD study. The study will demonstrate whether the Xpert XDR used as a triage tool will reduce time to appropriate treatment start among DR-TB patients. Findings from this study will guide policy and programmes for diagnosis and management of DR-TB, enabling healthcare providers to rapidly identify suitable oral regimens for patients. This will lead to more effective and treatment approaches. Additionally, the adoption of the Triage Test is expected to contribute to the optimization of healthcare resources by streamlining the treatment selection process, thereby reducing costs and improving patient outcomes. |
| Description | Activity space data reveals joint subgrouping of mobility patterns, demographic characteristics, and HIV serostatus among individuals with newly diagnosed TB in South Africa (Co-author: K Naidoo, The Union World Conference on Lung Health 2024) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | The presentation focused on how activity space data reveals joint subgrouping of mobility patterns, demographic characteristics, and HIV serostatus among individuals with newly diagnosed TB in South Africa. The aim was to explore how mobility patterns intersect with demographic factors and HIV status to provide a more nuanced understanding of TB transmission dynamics in high-burden settings. Scientifically, the findings contributed to the growing body of research on the social determinants of TB transmission. By linking mobility data with demographic and HIV-related characteristics, the study offered new insights into how these factors collectively influence TB risk and spread. This could inform more targeted public health interventions and help design TB prevention strategies that address the specific needs of different subgroups within affected communities. For public health, the impact lies in improving how TB interventions are tailored to specific populations, particularly in regions with high HIV prevalence. By understanding how mobility and HIV status contribute to TB risks, interventions can be better targeted at individuals who are most at risk of developing or spreading TB. The presentation sparked significant questions and discussions among attendees, highlighting the complexity of TB transmission and the need for multifaceted public health approaches. Many reported increased interest in the use of mobility data and demographic profiling in addressing TB and other infectious diseases, signaling a growing recognition of the importance of personalized and context-specific health interventions. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Advanced HIV as an ongoing driver of incident tuberculosis in Tongaat, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa (Co-author: K Naidoo, The Union World Conference on Lung Health 2024) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | The presentation focused on the role of advanced HIV as an ongoing driver of incident tuberculosis in Tongaat, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The goal was to investigate how advanced HIV continues to significantly contribute to the incidence of tuberculosis in a region with a high burden of both diseases, particularly as HIV progression weakens the immune system and increases susceptibility to TB. Scientifically, the findings underscored the critical relationship between advanced HIV and the increased risk of developing TB, reinforcing the need for integrated care for individuals with both conditions. The research highlighted how HIV-related immunosuppression continues to be a major factor driving TB incidence, even as TB control efforts improve, offering valuable insights into the ongoing challenges of managing dual infections in high-prevalence areas. For public health, the impact is profound, as it calls for more focused interventions that address both HIV and TB simultaneously, particularly in regions like KwaZulu-Natal. The findings emphasize the need for timely HIV treatment, improved TB screening, and co-management strategies to reduce the burden of both diseases, which continue to fuel the cycle of co-infection and transmission in communities. The presentation sparked significant discussions, particularly around the need for enhanced HIV care to reduce the risk of TB. Attendees reported increased interest in the intersection of HIV and TB, with many expressing a desire for more integrated approaches to tackling the dual epidemics and strengthening healthcare systems to address both diseases effectively. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Board Member on the HIV Clinicians Society |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | The primary purpose of this role is to contribute to the governance and strategic direction of the society, with a focus on advancing HIV care and treatment practices. As a board member, the individual participates in decision-making processes related to the society's activities, policies, and initiatives. This may include planning educational events, developing clinical guidelines, advocating for improved HIV care standards, and promoting collaboration among healthcare providers in the field of HIV medicine. The outcomes or impacts of this activity may include the development and dissemination of evidence-based guidelines and best practices for HIV care, which can enhance the quality of care delivered to HIV patients. Additionally, the society's advocacy efforts may lead to improved access to treatment and support services for individuals living with HIV. By actively engaging with the HIV Clinicians Society, board members play a vital role in shaping the landscape of HIV care and contributing to better health outcomes for patients affected by the virus. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020,2021,2022,2023,2024 |
| Description | Board member of the Data Safety Monitoring Board member of the WHIP3TB study |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | The role entails serving as a board member of the Data Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) for the WHIP3TB study. Its primary objective is to ensure participant safety and data integrity by regularly reviewing safety data and making recommendations on the study's continuation, modification, or termination based on safety considerations. As a DSMB board member, the individual engages in periodic reviews of safety data collected during the WHIP3TB study. This involves evaluating adverse events, monitoring adherence to the study protocol, and assessing emerging safety signals. Close collaboration with study investigators and sponsors ensures that participant safety remains a top priority throughout the study. The outcomes or impacts of this role may include timely identification and mitigation of safety concerns, thereby safeguarding participant well-being. Additionally, DSMB oversight contributes to upholding ethical and scientific standards, thereby enhancing the credibility and reliability of the study's results. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024 |
| Description | CAP 013 Implementation Science Study report back on effectiveness of quality improvement on delivery of integrated treatment services on mortality in TB-HIV co-infected patients |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | This talk was presented to the provincial TB directorate and TB advisory group , and implications on QI scale-up activities within the TB and HIV programme was discussed extensively |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | CD4 T cell profiles during TB/HIV co-infection and their associations with TB treatment response and cavitary disease (Co-author: K Naidoo, The Union World Conference on Lung Health 2024) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | The presentation focused on CD4 T cell profiles during TB/HIV co-infection and their associations with TB treatment response and cavitary disease. The goal was to explore how the immune response, specifically CD4 T cells, influences TB treatment outcomes in individuals co-infected with HIV, with a particular focus on the development of cavitary disease, a severe form of TB. Scientifically, the findings contributed valuable knowledge on the role of the immune system in TB/HIV co-infection. By linking CD4 T cell profiles to treatment outcomes and the progression of cavitary disease, the research deepened understanding of how HIV alters immune responses to TB. This could inform personalized treatment strategies and improve prognostic tools for individuals with both conditions, offering insights into how to better manage co-infected patients. For public health, the impact is significant in improving treatment protocols and outcomes for TB/HIV co-infected individuals, a group that faces disproportionately high morbidity and mortality. The findings may lead to more targeted interventions, better management of co-infected patients, and enhanced TB treatment regimens tailored to immune profiles. This could ultimately help reduce the burden of TB in HIV-endemic areas, where the two diseases often exacerbate one another. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Chair of the Data Safety Monitoring Board Dolphin 1 to 3 Study |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | The activity involves serving as the chair of the Data Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) for the Dolphin 1 to 3 Study. The intended purpose of this role is to ensure the safety of participants and the integrity of the study data by monitoring ongoing safety data and making recommendations regarding the continuation, modification, or termination of the study based on safety concerns. As the chair of the DSMB, the individual oversees regular reviews of safety data collected during the Dolphin 1 to 3 Study. This includes evaluating adverse events, monitoring adherence to the study protocol, and assessing any emerging safety signals. The chair collaborates closely with the study investigators and sponsors to ensure that participant safety remains the top priority throughout the duration of the study. The outcomes or impacts of this activity may include timely identification and mitigation of safety concerns, which can help to protect study participants from potential harm. Additionally, the DSMB's oversight can contribute to the overall success of the study by ensuring that it adheres to ethical and scientific standards, thereby enhancing the credibility and reliability of the study findings. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022,2023,2024 |
| Description | Chair of the Data Safety Monitoring Board Kharituwe Study |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | The role involves serving as the Chair of the Data Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) for the Kharituwe Study. The primary aim of this position is to supervise the safety of participants and the integrity of the study data through regular reviews of safety data and recommendations regarding the study's continuation, modification, or termination based on safety considerations. As the Chair of the DSMB, the individual leads the board in periodic reviews of safety data collected during the Kharituwe Study. This includes assessing adverse events, monitoring adherence to the study protocol, and evaluating any emerging safety signals. The DSMB collaborates closely with the study investigators and sponsors to ensure that participant safety remains a top priority throughout the study duration. The outcomes or impacts of this activity may include the timely identification and mitigation of safety concerns, thereby ensuring the well-being of study participants. Additionally, the DSMB's oversight can contribute to the overall success of the study by upholding ethical and scientific standards, thus enhancing the credibility and reliability of the study results. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024 |
| Description | Characterization of HIV drug resistance in ART experienced patients post dolutegravir rollout in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa (Co-author: K Naidoo, Presented at EVIDENCE INTO PRACTICE: The Union World Conference on Lung Health 2023, 15-18 November, Paris) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | The presentation attracted a sizable audience and ignited stimulating discussions, showcasing attendees' profound interest in the study's subject matter. The intended purpose of the presentation was to analyze how social contact patterns have shifted during the COVID-19 pandemic and assess the potential implications for tuberculosis (TB) transmission dynamics. Active engagement of the audience suggests that the presentation effectively raised awareness about the intersection between COVID-19 and TB transmission. It is with great hope that this engagement may lead to increased understanding among stakeholders and inform the public of health strategies aimed at mitigating the impact of both diseases |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Collaborative Learning Session Workshop |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Study participants or study members |
| Results and Impact | On the 01 - 02 December 2016, the study intervention began with a Collaborative Learning Session for the intervention clinics in the Ugu district of KwaZulu Natal. Thirty nurses, data clerks and Operational Managers attended the session. The session served as an introduction to the principles of Quality Improvement, data analysis to improve clinic performance, developing PDSAs. A Quality Improvement Advisor from IHI provided input and oversight of the training. This session was an excellent starting point for intervention clinics to develop their Quality Improvement plas |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| Description | Comparing tuberculosis transmission hotspots: Insights from hotspot identification from residential and activity space data among individuals with newly diagnosed TB in South Africa (Co-author: K Naidoo, The Union World Conference on Lung Health 2024) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | The presentation focused on comparing tuberculosis transmission hotspots using insights from hotspot identification based on both residential and activity space data among individuals with newly diagnosed TB in South Africa. The aim was to explore how analyzing mobility and residential patterns can enhance the identification of TB transmission hotspots, providing a more comprehensive understanding of how the disease spreads in high-burden communities. Scientifically, the findings offered a novel approach to TB hotspot identification by integrating both residential and activity space data. This dual analysis allowed for a deeper understanding of the factors contributing to TB transmission, especially in areas where individuals' movement patterns significantly influence disease spread. The research provides crucial insights that can help target interventions more effectively in the most at-risk areas. For public health, the impact is significant, as identifying and focusing on specific TB transmission hotspots can lead to more efficient and localized interventions, ultimately improving TB control efforts. By incorporating mobility data, health authorities can better tailor prevention and treatment strategies, particularly in urban and densely populated settings where transmission risks are higher. The presentation generated significant questions and discussions, particularly around the integration of activity space data into public health practices. Attendees expressed increased interest in the potential of this approach to refine TB control strategies, with many highlighting its relevance for targeting interventions in areas with the highest risk of transmission. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Detection of emerging drug resistance to new anti-TB drugs using TM4: GeNL reporter mycobacteriophage (Co-author: K Naidoo, The Union World Conference on Lung Health 2024) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | The presentation focused on the detection of emerging drug resistance to new anti-TB drugs using the TM4: GeNL reporter mycobacteriophage. The goal was to demonstrate how this innovative technique can identify resistance to novel TB drugs, which is crucial for adapting treatment strategies in real-time and combating the growing issue of drug-resistant tuberculosis. Scientifically, the findings introduced a cutting-edge method for detecting emerging drug resistance, offering a more rapid and precise tool compared to traditional methods. The use of the TM4: GeNL reporter mycobacteriophage enables the detection of resistance patterns at an earlier stage, which could significantly improve the management of drug-resistant TB and inform the development of future anti-TB therapies. For public health, the impact is substantial in addressing the increasing challenge of multi-drug resistant and extensively drug-resistant TB. Early and accurate detection of resistance to new drugs could guide clinicians in choosing the most effective treatment regimens, ultimately improving patient outcomes and preventing the further spread of resistant strains. The presentation sparked considerable questions and discussion among attendees, particularly regarding the potential for implementing this technology in high-burden TB regions. Many expressed heightened interest in the application of advanced diagnostic tools for improving TB control, signaling an increased awareness of the need for innovative approaches to combat drug-resistant tuberculosis. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Differences in individual and spatial characteristics of diagnosed drug-resistant TB cases before and after COVID-19 national lockdowns in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa (Co-author: K Naidoo, The AAP/ASCI/APSA Joint Meeting 2024) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | The presentation focused on the changes in individual and spatial characteristics of diagnosed drug-resistant TB cases in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, before and after the COVID-19 national lockdowns. The aim was to explore how the pandemic disrupted TB diagnosis and treatment patterns, offering critical insights into the evolving epidemiology of drug-resistant TB in the region. The impact on the scientific community was profound, as the findings sparked discussions on how COVID-19 lockdowns affected healthcare access and the dynamics of infectious disease spread. It highlighted the need for adaptive public health strategies that can maintain TB control during global health crises. Additionally, the research encouraged further investigation into the intersection of COVID-19 and TB, opening new avenues for collaborative studies and data sharing on a global scale. For the public health community, the presentation underscored the importance of resilient healthcare systems that can withstand disruptive events like pandemics. The findings provided valuable evidence for refining TB control measures, especially in high-burden areas, and emphasized the need for targeted interventions to address the unique challenges posed by drug-resistant TB in the post-pandemic era. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Differentiated Service Delivery for people co-infected with drug resistant TB and HIV (Co-author: K Naidoo, Presented at CROI 2023 USA) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | The presentation drew in a significant audience and fostered engaging discussions, indicating attendees' keen interest in the study's topic. The presentation aimed to explore innovative approaches to delivering healthcare services to individuals affected by both drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) and HIV simultaneously. The active participation of the audience suggests that the presentation effectively heightened awareness about the importance of tailored healthcare delivery for co-infected individuals. This engagement may potentially lead to increased understanding and influence the development of more effective and patient-centered care models for managing dual infections. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Effectiveness of the Xpert XDR Assay for Rapid Triage-and-Treatment of DR-TB: Interim results from the TRIAD Study (Presented by K Naidoo, The Union World Conference on Lung Health 2024) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | The presentation focused on the effectiveness of the Xpert XDR Assay for rapid triage and treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB), based on interim results from the TRIAD Study. The goal was to evaluate how this diagnostic tool can quickly identify XDR-TB cases, enabling faster treatment decisions and improving patient outcomes. Scientifically, the findings demonstrated that the Xpert XDR Assay could significantly shorten the time to diagnosis and treatment initiation for DR-TB patients, providing a more efficient alternative to conventional methods. This rapid diagnostic approach could greatly enhance the management of DR-TB, especially in high-burden settings, by enabling clinicians to administer the most appropriate treatment regimens more promptly. For public health, the impact is substantial. Faster detection of DR-TB using the Xpert XDR Assay can lead to quicker isolation of infectious patients, reducing transmission rates and improving treatment outcomes. This could be particularly beneficial in resource-limited settings where DR-TB is prevalent and timely diagnostics are crucial to controlling the spread of resistant strains. The presentation sparked significant discussions, particularly around the potential for widespread adoption of the Xpert XDR Assay in TB-endemic regions. Attendees expressed heightened interest in the use of rapid diagnostic tools to enhance DR-TB management, signaling a growing recognition of the importance of quick and accurate diagnostics in controlling the global TB epidemic. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Ending TB in Our Lifetime: Meeting the 2035 Stop TB Targets. KZN Traditional Health Practitoners TB Dialogue,10 April 2024 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | The community presentation, titled "Ending TB in Our Lifetime: Meeting the 2035 Stop TB Targets," was held at the KZN Traditional Health Practitioners TB Dialogue 2024. The goal was to engage local health practitioners, community leaders, and stakeholders in discussions on the critical role of traditional health practices in the fight against tuberculosis (TB), and how they can contribute to meeting the global 2035 Stop TB targets. Scientifically, the presentation highlighted the urgent need for integrated approaches to TB prevention and treatment that include both modern healthcare solutions and traditional healing practices. It emphasized the importance of community-based strategies, with a particular focus on educating and empowering traditional health practitioners to recognize TB symptoms, provide accurate information, and promote TB treatment adherence. The presentation also discussed the role of community engagement in reducing stigma and improving early TB diagnosis. For public health, the impact of this presentation was significant, as it promoted collaboration between conventional healthcare systems and traditional health practices, creating a more inclusive approach to TB control. By fostering understanding and cooperation, this dialogue can improve the reach and effectiveness of TB interventions in communities, particularly in rural and underserved areas where traditional health systems are widely trusted. The presentation prompted a lively discussion, particularly around how traditional health practitioners can be better integrated into national TB control efforts. Attendees expressed increased interest in finding ways to strengthen community involvement in TB prevention and treatment, reflecting a shared commitment to achieving the 2035 Stop TB targets and ultimately ending TB in our lifetime. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Epidemiology of HIV Infection in sub-Saharan Africa. Columbia University, Spring 2024 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Undergraduate students |
| Results and Impact | The lecture focused on the epidemiology of HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa, offering an in-depth analysis of the prevalence, trends, and factors contributing to the HIV epidemic in the region. The goal was to provide students and researchers with a comprehensive understanding of how HIV affects different populations in sub-Saharan Africa, with a particular focus on the socio-economic, cultural, and healthcare system-related factors that influence its spread. Scientifically, the lecture provided valuable insights into the complex interplay between HIV and various determinants such as gender, age, mobility, and access to healthcare. It also highlighted regional disparities in HIV incidence and the role of co-infections, like tuberculosis, in exacerbating the epidemic. The discussion underscored the need for integrated health interventions and policies to address both the medical and socio-economic challenges faced by individuals living with HIV. For public health, the impact is profound as the lecture reinforced the importance of understanding local contexts in the fight against HIV. It encouraged the development of more tailored strategies for prevention, treatment, and care in sub-Saharan Africa, which is home to the majority of the world's HIV cases. By identifying key risk factors and barriers to treatment, the lecture aimed to stimulate discussions on more effective approaches to reducing HIV transmission and improving health outcomes in the region. The lecture sparked insightful questions and discussions among the attendees, particularly about the intersection of HIV with other health issues such as malaria and TB, and how these overlapping challenges can be addressed through integrated healthcare strategies. Students and faculty expressed increased interest in exploring the latest research on HIV epidemiology and its implications for public health policy and interventions in sub-Saharan Africa. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Immunogenicity of an investigational tuberculosis vaccine, M72/AS01E-4, in people living with HIV: a phase 2, randomized, clinical trial. (Co-author: K Naidoo, Global Forum on TB Vaccine 2024,) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | The presentation focused on evaluating the immunogenicity of the M72/AS01E-4 tuberculosis vaccine in people living with HIV, based on a Phase 2, randomized clinical trial. The aim was to assess how the vaccine performs in a high-risk population that is more vulnerable to TB due to their HIV status. Scientifically, the results provided critical insights into the vaccine's safety profile and immune response in immunocompromised individuals. This contributed valuable data to the growing body of research on TB vaccine efficacy in diverse populations, particularly those with HIV, who are typically excluded from many clinical trials. The study's findings could shape future vaccine development strategies, helping to prioritize interventions that are more inclusive and targeted to at-risk groups. For public health, the impact is far-reaching. The study underscored the urgent need for TB vaccines that can offer protection to the most vulnerable populations, such as those living with HIV. Given the ongoing TB and HIV co-epidemic in many parts of the world, the presentation highlighted the potential for a new vaccine to reduce TB incidence in these high-risk communities. It also called attention to the importance of integrated health strategies that address both TB and HIV simultaneously, ultimately driving efforts to combat these diseases more effectively and equitably. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Implementing a community transmission study in a TB-endemic setting: Lessons learned from TARGET-TB (Targeting TB transmission hotspots to find undiagnosed TB in South Africa) (Co-author: K Naidoo, The Union World Conference on Lung Health 2024) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | The presentation focused on implementing a community transmission study in a TB-endemic setting, sharing lessons learned from the TARGET-TB study, which aimed to identify and target TB transmission hotspots to find undiagnosed cases in South Africa. The goal was to explore effective strategies for detecting undiagnosed TB through targeted interventions in areas with high transmission rates. Scientifically, the findings provided valuable insights into the methods and challenges of conducting a community-based transmission study in a TB-endemic setting. The study highlighted the importance of integrating data on mobility, demographics, and environmental factors to identify hotspots, as well as the need for community engagement and collaboration with local healthcare systems to ensure successful implementation. The lessons learned from this study are critical for designing future TB transmission studies in similar contexts. For public health, the impact is far-reaching. By identifying and addressing transmission hotspots, health systems can more effectively focus resources on high-risk areas, improving TB detection and reducing community-level transmission. This approach could be crucial in reaching undiagnosed TB cases, ultimately contributing to more effective TB control strategies and reducing the burden of the disease in endemic regions. The presentation sparked considerable discussions, particularly about the challenges and strategies for implementing community-based TB studies in resource-limited settings. Attendees expressed increased interest in adapting similar approaches for use in other high-burden TB regions, highlighting the importance of targeted interventions and community involvement in TB control efforts. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Insti's for the Management Of HIV-associated TB (INSIGHT STUDY): Efficacy, Safety, and PK of BIC/FTC/TAF in Adults with HIV and Tuberculosis on Rifampicin at Week 24. (Co-author K Naidoo, CROI 2024) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | The activity involved attending and presenting at CROI 2024, a highly esteemed international conference focused on cutting-edge research in HIV/AIDS and related fields. The intended purpose was to share recent findings and innovations with a global audience of experts, researchers, and healthcare professionals. The presentation sparked significant discussions, leading to valuable networking opportunities and feedback. The impact of the conference was evident in the increased visibility of the research presented, along with the fostering of collaborative efforts for future studies. Additionally, attendees reported heightened interest in the topics discussed, with some participants indicating potential collaborations or follow-up research initiatives. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Lancet Respiratory Medicine Profile of Kogie Naidoo |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press) |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | The article "Profile Kogie Naidoo-when one condition leads to another" sheds light on the interconnectedness of health conditions and their impact on individuals' lives. It highlights the story of Kogie Naidoo, illustrating how one health condition can lead to the development of another, often exacerbating the complexity of medical management. Through Naidoo's narrative, the article underscores the importance of holistic healthcare approaches and the need for greater awareness and support for individuals navigating multiple health challenges. Overall, the article emphasizes the significance of understanding and addressing the interplay between various health conditions to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| URL | https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanres/article/PIIS2213-2600(23)00101-7/fulltext |
| Description | Longitudinal Analysis of Prevalence and Risk Factors of Cavitary Lung Disease in People with Drug-resistant TB (Co-author: K Naidoo, The Union World Conference on Lung Health 2024) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | The presentation focused on a longitudinal analysis of the prevalence and risk factors for cavitary lung disease in individuals with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). The goal was to investigate how the development of cavitary lung disease-a severe and more infectious form of TB-progresses over time in DR-TB patients, and to identify the key factors that contribute to its onset. Scientifically, the findings provided important insights into the progression of cavitary lung disease in DR-TB patients, revealing that factors such as delayed diagnosis, advanced disease at the time of treatment initiation, and comorbidities (e.g., HIV) significantly increase the risk of developing cavitation. This research enhances the understanding of how DR-TB affects lung pathology and can inform future strategies to detect and manage cavitary disease more effectively. For public health, the impact is significant, as it highlights the urgent need for early detection and targeted treatment strategies for individuals with DR-TB at high risk of developing cavitary lung disease. By identifying and managing these risk factors, health systems can prevent further complications, reduce transmission, and improve long-term patient outcomes in high-burden TB areas. The presentation sparked lively discussions, particularly around the need for more effective diagnostic tools and earlier intervention to prevent cavitary disease in DR-TB patients. Attendees reported increased interest in exploring new approaches to TB treatment and care, especially in regions where DR-TB and HIV co-infection are prevalent. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Longitudinal changes in prevalence and risk factors for extensive lung disease in people with drug-resistant TB (Co-author: K Naidoo, The Union World Conference on Lung Health 2024) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | The presentation focused on longitudinal changes in the prevalence and risk factors for extensive lung disease in individuals with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). The aim was to explore how the severity of lung damage evolves over time in DR-TB patients and to identify the key factors contributing to the development of extensive lung disease. Scientifically, the findings revealed critical insights into the progression of lung disease in DR-TB patients, highlighting how various factors-such as delayed treatment, co-infections, and poor treatment adherence-can exacerbate lung damage over time. This research is crucial for understanding the long-term impact of DR-TB on lung health and could inform strategies for early intervention and better management of these patients to prevent further deterioration. For public health, the impact is significant as it emphasizes the need for targeted monitoring and intervention for individuals with DR-TB, particularly those at high risk of developing extensive lung disease. By identifying these risk factors early, healthcare systems can implement more personalized treatment regimens to improve long-term outcomes and reduce the burden of lung damage in DR-TB patients. The presentation sparked considerable discussion, particularly around the importance of early detection and long-term care for individuals with DR-TB. Attendees expressed increased interest in strategies for preventing the progression of lung disease and in the broader implications for improving care for DR-TB patients globally. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Member National Drug-Resistant TB Clinical Advisory Committee |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | The activity involves serving as a member of the National Drug-Resistant TB Clinical Advisory Committee. The primary purpose of this role is to provide expert advice and guidance on matters related to the clinical management of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) at the national level. As a member of the committee, the individual collaborates with other experts, healthcare professionals, and policymakers to review current guidelines, protocols, and treatment regimens for DR-TB. They may participate in discussions to identify gaps in DR-TB care, evaluate new diagnostic tools or treatment options, and develop recommendations to improve clinical practices and patient outcomes. The outcomes or impacts of this activity may include the development or revision of national guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment, and management of DR-TB, based on the latest evidence and expert consensus. Additionally, the committee's recommendations may inform policy decisions, resource allocation, and capacity-building efforts aimed at strengthening DR-TB care and control programs nationwide. Ultimately, the committee's work contributes to improving the quality of care provided to individuals affected by DR-TB and reducing the burden of drug-resistant tuberculosis in the country |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022,2023,2024 |
| Description | Member of National Institutes of Health Adult Clinical Trials Group's Tuberculosis Transformative Science Group (TSG) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | The role involves membership in the Tuberculosis Transformative Science Group (TSG) within the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Adult Clinical Trials Group. The primary objective is to provide expertise and insights to discussions and initiatives aimed at advancing transformative research in tuberculosis (TB). Collaborating with experts, researchers, and stakeholders, members identify research priorities and innovative approaches to address TB challenges, spanning prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and care. Discussions may encompass funding priorities, study design considerations, and collaboration opportunities. The outcomes may include novel research initiatives, scientific advancement, and the translation of findings into tangible benefits for TB patients and communities. Through fostering collaboration and innovation, the TSG contributes to the global effort to combat TB and improve health outcomes. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021,2022,2023,2024 |
| Description | Member of National TB Think Tank |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | The activity involves serving as a member of the National TB Think Tank. The primary purpose of this role is to contribute expertise and insights to discussions and initiatives aimed at addressing tuberculosis (TB) challenges at the national level. As a member of the think tank, the individual collaborates with other experts, stakeholders, and policymakers to analyze TB epidemiological data, review existing strategies and interventions, and develop innovative approaches to TB prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and care. They may also participate in discussions on resource allocation, policy development, and advocacy efforts to raise awareness and mobilize support for TB control and elimination. The outcomes or impacts of this activity may include the identification of priority areas for action, the development of evidence-based recommendations for TB control and elimination, and the fostering of collaboration and coordination among stakeholders working in the field of TB. By providing strategic guidance and facilitating dialogue, the National TB Think Tank contributes to strengthening TB control efforts, improving health outcomes, and reducing the burden of TB in the country. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021,2022,2023,2024 |
| Description | Member of the Data Safety Monitoring Board OptiRiMox Study |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | The activity involves serving as a member of the Data Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) for the OptiRiMox Study. The primary purpose of this role is to oversee the safety of participants and the integrity of the study data by conducting regular reviews of safety data and making recommendations regarding the continuation, modification, or termination of the study based on safety considerations. As a member of the DSMB, the individual participates in periodic reviews of safety data collected during the OptiRiMox Study. This entails evaluating adverse events, monitoring adherence to the study protocol, and assessing any emerging safety signals. The DSMB collaborates closely with the study investigators and sponsors to ensure that participant safety remains paramount throughout the study duration. The outcomes or impacts of this activity may include the timely identification and mitigation of safety concerns, thereby safeguarding the well-being of study participants. Additionally, the DSMB's oversight can contribute to the overall success of the study by upholding ethical and scientific standards, thereby bolstering the credibility and reliability of the study results. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022,2023,2024 |
| Description | Member of the Data Safety Monitoring Board TriageTB Study |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | The activity involves serving as a member of the Data Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) for the TriageTB Study. The primary purpose of this role is to ensure the safety of participants and the integrity of the study data through regular reviews of safety data and recommendations regarding the study's continuation, modification, or termination based on safety considerations. As a member of the DSMB, the individual participates in periodic reviews of safety data collected during the TriageTB Study. This includes evaluating adverse events, monitoring adherence to the study protocol, and assessing any emerging safety signals. The DSMB collaborates closely with the study investigators and sponsors to ensure that participant safety remains the top priority throughout the study duration. The outcomes or impacts of this activity may include the timely identification and mitigation of safety concerns, thereby safeguarding the well-being of study participants. Additionally, the DSMB's oversight can contribute to the overall success of the study by upholding ethical and scientific standards, thereby bolstering the credibility and reliability of the study results. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020,2021,2022,2023,2024 |
| Description | Member of the Data monitoring committee for the TB Fast Track Study |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | The role involves serving as a member of the Data Monitoring Committee (DMC) for the TB Fast Track initiative. The primary purpose of this role is to oversee the collection and analysis of data related to TB Fast Track activities, ensuring their adherence to protocol and ethical standards. As a member of the DMC, the individual participates in regular reviews of data collected during the TB Fast Track initiative. This includes monitoring treatment outcomes, adverse events, and overall program performance. The DMC collaborates closely with program coordinators and stakeholders to identify any potential issues or concerns and provide recommendations for course correction or improvement. The outcomes or impacts of this activity may include the identification of trends or patterns in TB treatment outcomes, which can inform future program strategies and interventions. Additionally, the DMC's oversight helps to ensure the safety and efficacy of TB Fast Track activities, ultimately contributing to improved TB prevention, diagnosis, and treatment outcomes. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012,2013,2014,2015 |
| Description | Member of the NIH Adult Clinical Trials Group's TB TSG Safety Monitoring Committee |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | The activity involves serving as a member of the NIH Adult Clinical Trials Group's TB Therapeutics Safety Monitoring Committee (TB TSG SMC). The primary purpose of this role is to oversee the safety of participants enrolled in adult clinical trials related to tuberculosis (TB) therapeutics conducted by the NIH Adult Clinical Trials Group. As a member of the committee, the individual participates in regular reviews of safety data from clinical trials, focusing on adverse events, treatment responses, and any emerging safety concerns. The committee collaborates closely with trial investigators and sponsors to ensure participant safety remains paramount throughout the study duration. The outcomes or impacts of this activity may include the identification of potential safety issues or adverse events early in the trial process, allowing for timely intervention or modification of treatment protocols to protect participant well-being. Additionally, the committee's oversight helps to uphold ethical and scientific standards, ensuring the credibility and reliability of the study results. Overall, the work of the TB TSG SMC contributes to the advancement of TB therapeutics and the improvement of patient outcomes in clinical trial settings. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022,2023,2024 |
| Description | Member of the WHO HIV Clinical Guideline Committee |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Membership in the World Health Organization (WHO) HIV Clinical Guideline Committee involves providing expertise and insights to develop clinical guidelines for managing HIV/AIDS. Collaborating with healthcare professionals and policymakers, committee members review scientific evidence and formulate recommendations on antiretroviral therapy initiation, drug regimens, monitoring strategies, and HIV-related complications management. The outcomes of this activity include the development of updated, evidence-based clinical guidelines that serve as a crucial resource for healthcare providers worldwide. By ensuring recommendations are based on the latest evidence and expert consensus, the committee contributes to improving the quality of HIV care, treatment outcomes, and reducing the global burden of HIV/AIDS. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024 |
| Description | Monitoring tuberculosis treatment response: the role of drug resistance and pretreatment bacillary load (Co-author: K Naidoo; presented at EVIDENCE INTO PRACTICE: The Union World Conference on Lung Health 2023, 15-18 November, Paris) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | The presentation captivated a substantial audience and stimulated insightful discussions, indicating attendees' strong interest in the study's topic. The intended purpose of the presentation was to explore the impact of drug resistance and pretreatment bacillary load on monitoring tuberculosis treatment response. The active engagement of the audience suggests that the presentation effectively raised awareness and prompted further inquiries into the complexities of tuberculosis treatment monitoring. This engagement may lead to increased understanding among stakeholders and potentially inform future research or clinical practices in tuberculosis management. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | National Strategic Plan for HIV, TB and STI's 2023-2028 Technical Team Member |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | The activity involves serving as a Technical Team Member for the development of the National Strategic Plan for HIV, TB, and STIs for the period 2023-2028. The primary purpose of this role is to contribute expertise and insights to the drafting and refinement of the strategic plan, ensuring that it addresses key priorities, challenges, and opportunities related to HIV, TB, and STIs. As a Technical Team Member, the individual collaborates with other experts, stakeholders, and policymakers to analyze epidemiological data, review evidence-based interventions, and formulate strategies and targets for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and management of HIV, TB, and STIs. They may also provide input on monitoring and evaluation frameworks, resource allocation strategies, and mechanisms for stakeholder engagement and coordination. The outcomes or impacts of this activity may include the development of a comprehensive and evidence-based strategic plan that guides national efforts to combat HIV, TB, and STIs over the next five years. By addressing gaps in service delivery, strengthening health systems, and promoting multisectoral collaboration, the strategic plan has the potential to improve health outcomes, reduce disease burden, and advance progress towards national and global targets for HIV, TB, and STI control. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022,2023,2024 |
| Description | Network analysis of close contacts of children, adolescents, and young adults with drug-resistant Tuberculosis, Kwazulu-natal, South Africa (Co-author: K Naidoo; presented at the EVIDENCE INTO PRACTICE: The Union World Conference on Lung Health 2023, 15-18 November, Paris) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | The presentation was attended by more than 50 to 100 individuals. During the presentation, intriguing questions were raised, indicating active engagement and interest from the audience. The purpose of the presentation was to investigate the social networks surrounding individuals in close contact with pediatric and adolescent patients diagnosed with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) in Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa, aiming to understand the patterns of social interactions and potential transmission dynamics within these networks. While specific outcomes or impacts from the presentation are not provided, it likely contributed to raising awareness among stakeholders about the importance of social network analysis in understanding TB transmission dynamics. This could lead to improved strategies for identifying and intervening in high-risk social networks to prevent further spread of DR-TB within communities |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Neuropsychiatric Outcomes in Adults with HIV and TB on Twice daily BIC/FTC/TAF with Rifampicin (Co-author: K Naidoo, CROI 2025) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | The presentation at CROI 2025 focused on neuropsychiatric outcomes in adults with HIV and tuberculosis (TB) on a twice-daily regimen of bictegravir (BIC), emtricitabine (FTC), tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), and rifampicin. The aim was to assess the impact of this combination treatment on the mental health and cognitive function of individuals co-infected with HIV and TB, as these conditions, along with the medications used to treat them, can potentially influence neuropsychiatric well-being. Scientifically, the findings offered valuable insights into how co-treatment with ART and TB drugs might affect neuropsychiatric health, particularly in terms of mood disorders, cognitive function, and the risk of developing side effects like depression or anxiety. The study helped to clarify the safety profile of this combination therapy and its potential neuropsychiatric impacts, which is vital for managing long-term treatment in co-infected patients. For public health, the impact is significant, as the results highlight the importance of monitoring neuropsychiatric health in individuals undergoing treatment for both HIV and TB, particularly in settings with a high burden of both diseases. These findings underscore the need for integrated care models that address both the physical and mental health of co-infected patients, ensuring holistic approaches to treatment. The presentation prompted thoughtful discussions, particularly around the management of neuropsychiatric side effects in patients with HIV and TB. Attendees expressed increased interest in the mental health implications of combined therapies and how treatment regimens could be optimized to minimize neuropsychiatric risks, leading to a broader focus on mental health care within HIV and TB treatment protocols. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2025 |
| Description | Pharmacokinetics of Twice-Daily TAF In Adults With HIV-Associated TB on BIC/Ftc/TAF And Rifampicin (Co-author: K Naidoo, Croi 2025) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | The presentation at CROI 2025 focused on the pharmacokinetics of twice-daily tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) in adults with HIV-associated tuberculosis (TB) who were on a regimen of bictegravir (BIC), emtricitabine (FTC), TAF, and rifampicin. The aim was to evaluate how rifampicin, a common TB treatment, interacts with the pharmacokinetics of TAF when administered in combination with antiretroviral therapy (ART) in individuals co-infected with HIV and TB. Scientifically, the findings provided crucial insights into the potential drug-drug interactions between rifampicin and TAF. It was essential to understand how rifampicin, a potent inducer of drug-metabolizing enzymes, affects the absorption and efficacy of TAF in individuals with HIV-associated TB. The results contributed valuable information on how to optimize ART regimens for co-infected patients, ensuring both HIV suppression and effective TB treatment. For public health, the impact is significant as co-infection with HIV and TB remains a major challenge in many high-burden countries. The research underscored the need for tailored treatment regimens that can effectively address both diseases without compromising efficacy. The findings could influence future treatment guidelines and inform decisions on ART regimen adjustments for individuals undergoing TB treatment, improving outcomes for this vulnerable population. The presentation led to in-depth discussions, particularly around the complexities of managing co-infected patients and the implications of drug-drug interactions on treatment efficacy. Attendees expressed increased interest in strategies to optimize ART in the context of TB, signaling a growing focus on integrated approaches to treating HIV and TB concurrently. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2025 |
| Description | Steering Committee Chair for DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | The role involves serving as the Steering Committee Chair for the DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research. The primary purpose of this position is to provide strategic leadership and oversight to the Centre's research activities, guiding its direction and ensuring alignment with its objectives. As the Steering Committee Chair, the individual is responsible for convening and leading meetings of the Steering Committee, which comprises key stakeholders and researchers involved in TB biomedical research. Together, they review progress, discuss research priorities, allocate resources, and make decisions to advance the Centre's mission. The outcomes or impacts of this activity may include the development and implementation of innovative research strategies, collaborations, and initiatives aimed at advancing TB biomedical research. Additionally, the leadership provided by the Steering Committee Chair helps to foster a collaborative and productive research environment, facilitating the translation of scientific discoveries into tangible benefits for TB prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022,2023,2024 |
| Description | T helper cell subsets and integrin a4ß7 and a4ß1 expression in TB/HIV co-infection (Co-author: K Naidoo; Presented at EVIDENCE INTO PRACTICE: The Union World Conference on Lung Health 2023, 15-18 November, Paris) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | The presentation drew a considerable audience and stimulated discussions, reflecting attendees' strong interest in the study's topic. The intended purpose of the presentation was to investigate T helper cell subsets and the expression of integrin a4ß7 and a4ß1 in individuals co-infected with tuberculosis (TB) and HIV. The active engagement of the audience suggests that the presentation effectively raised awareness about the immunological aspects of TB/HIV co-infection. This engagement may lead to increased understanding among researchers, policy holders and stakeholders and potentially inform future research or therapeutic approaches targeting immune responses in TB/HIV co-infected individuals |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | TB Regimens for Treatment & Prevention- Old and New. Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) for Training and Learning 2024 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | The educational campaign, titled "TB Regimens for Treatment & Prevention - Old and New," was conducted by the Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) for Training and Learning. The goal was to provide comprehensive training to community health workers, healthcare providers, and advocates on the latest advancements in TB treatment and prevention regimens, while also revisiting older, established therapies. Scientifically, the campaign provided valuable insights into the evolution of TB treatment strategies, focusing on the differences between traditional regimens and newer, more effective treatments. It addressed the challenges of drug-resistant TB and highlighted the importance of adherence to both preventive and therapeutic regimens. The training also emphasized the role of new drug formulations and diagnostic tools in improving treatment outcomes and preventing transmission. For public health, the impact was significant as the campaign enhanced the understanding of both old and new TB treatment strategies, ensuring that healthcare providers are equipped with the knowledge to manage TB more effectively. By bridging the gap between older and newer treatment approaches, it promoted a more inclusive and informed healthcare approach that can be applied in diverse settings, particularly in communities affected by high TB burden. The campaign generated engaging discussions, particularly around the challenges of ensuring accessibility and adherence to newer treatments in resource-limited settings. Attendees expressed heightened interest in the potential for scaling up access to advanced regimens and the importance of ongoing education to improve TB prevention and treatment efforts across the country. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | TB Vaccine Technical Working Group (TWG) - National Advisory Group on Immunization (NAGI) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | The National Advisory Group on Immunisation (NAGI) was established in 1994 in South Africa with the goal of bringing together experts from various fields such as vaccinology, immunology, epidemiology, and public health. Its primary purpose is to support the South African Department of Health in designing and improving the country's immunisation programs to meet international standards and incorporate the latest advancements in vaccine science and immunisation strategies. NAGI provides ongoing, timely advice on a wide range of vaccine-related issues, including the introduction of new vaccines, evaluating the effectiveness of existing ones, and updating national immunisation schedules. This advice is crucial, especially in response to emerging health threats or disease outbreaks. NAGI helps the Department of Health ensure that the country's vaccination efforts are in line with global best practices and are responsive to the unique health challenges faced in South Africa. By offering expert recommendations, NAGI plays a key role in shaping public health policies that protect South Africans from infectious diseases. Their guidance helps the country implement effective immunisation programs, ensuring that vaccines are used safely and efficiently to safeguard public health across all age groups. The establishment of the NAGI in South Africa has had several significant outcomes for public health in the country. NAGI's expert advice helped improve immunisation coverage, leading to increased vaccination rates across the population, especially among children. This contributed to a reduction in the incidence of vaccine-preventable diseases like measles, polio, and tuberculosis. Their guidance during disease outbreaks ensured that immunisation strategies were adapted quickly to respond to emerging threats. By offering evidence-based recommendations, NAGI helped build vaccine confidence, reducing hesitancy and encouraging higher participation in vaccination programs. Furthermore, NAGI's role ensured that South Africa's immunisation programs aligned with international standards, improving their effectiveness and credibility. In the future, NAGI will continue to play a key role in advising the Department of Health, guiding the country's response to new health challenges and helping to ensure that vaccination strategies remain effective and relevant. Their ongoing efforts will contribute to the long-term health of the population by preventing diseases, reducing healthcare costs, and supporting the development of new public health policies. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | The Individualized M(X) drug- resistant TB Treatment Strategy Study: Primary Analysis (Co-author: K Naidoo, The Union World Conference on Lung Health 2024) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | The presentation focused on the primary analysis of the Individualized M(X) Drug-Resistant TB Treatment Strategy Study, which aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a personalized treatment approach for drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). The study sought to determine whether tailoring TB treatment based on individual drug resistance profiles could improve outcomes compared to standard treatment regimens. Scientifically, the findings provided important insights into the potential benefits of individualized treatment strategies for DR-TB. The analysis revealed that customizing drug regimens based on the specific resistance patterns of each patient could lead to better treatment success rates, faster recovery, and reduced risk of further resistance development. This approach is a significant step forward in managing DR-TB, offering hope for more effective, patient-centered care. For public health, the impact is substantial as it paves the way for a shift in how DR-TB is treated globally. By moving away from one-size-fits-all regimens to more personalized approaches, health systems could optimize treatment efficacy and reduce the burden of drug-resistant TB. This could ultimately help in the fight against the global TB epidemic, especially in regions with high rates of DR-TB. The presentation sparked significant questions and discussions about the feasibility and scalability of individualized treatment strategies, particularly in resource-limited settings. Attendees expressed increased interest in how personalized medicine could be integrated into routine DR-TB care, with many highlighting the need for more research and implementation strategies to ensure these approaches can be widely adopted. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | The TB Vaccine Landscape. HIV Prevention Workshop 2024 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | The presentation at the HIV Prevention Workshop focused on *"The TB Vaccine Landscape,"* aiming to provide an overview of the current status and future prospects of tuberculosis (TB) vaccines, particularly in relation to HIV prevention efforts. The goal was to explore how TB vaccination could complement existing HIV prevention strategies, especially in regions where both diseases are prevalent. Scientifically, the presentation highlighted the advancements and challenges in the development of effective TB vaccines, including both new candidates in clinical trials and the limitations of existing vaccines. The discussion also touched on how TB and HIV intersect, and how vaccines could play a crucial role in reducing TB incidence, which is a major co-infection issue among people living with HIV. For public health, the impact is significant, as a new TB vaccine could help prevent one of the most common and deadly co-infections in people with HIV, ultimately reducing morbidity and improving the effectiveness of HIV prevention efforts. The potential for a TB vaccine to reduce the burden of both diseases is critical in high-burden settings, where TB remains a leading cause of death among people with HIV. The presentation propmted a lively discussion, particularly regarding the challenges of conducting vaccine trials in HIV-endemic regions and the potential for vaccine development to transform TB and HIV control strategies. Attendees expressed increased interest in how advancements in TB vaccine development could be integrated into broader HIV prevention efforts, highlighting the importance of innovative approaches to tackling both epidemics simultaneously. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Twice daily 50 mg dolutegravir in tuberculosis-hiv co-infected children 20-35 kg (Co-author: K Naidoo, Presented at CROI 2023 USA) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | The presentation attracted a substantial audience and ignited insightful discussions, highlighting attendees' strong interest in the study. The intended purpose of the presentation was to investigate the efficacy and safety of administering twice-daily 50 mg dolutegravir in children co-infected with tuberculosis and HIV, specifically those weighing between 20 to 35 kg. The overall engagement of the audience suggests that the presentation effectively raised awareness about potential treatment options for this vulnerable population. This engagement could potentially lead to increased interest and further research into optimal treatment regimens for tuberculosis-HIV co-infected children in this weight range, potentially improving health outcomes for affected individuals. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Understand the spaces to curb the cases: Using individual activity space data to inform TB prevention in Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa (Co-author: K Naidoo; presented at the EVIDENCE INTO PRACTICE: The Union World Conference on Lung Health 2023, 15-18 November, Paris) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | The presentation attracted an audience of over 50 individuals. Thought-provoking questions were raised during the presentation, reflecting active engagement and interest from attendees. The objective of the presentation was to analyze individual activity space data to gain insights into tuberculosis (TB) prevention strategies in Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa. By investigating how individuals' movements and interactions contribute to TB transmission dynamics, the presentation aimed to inform targeted interventions for TB prevention. While specific outcomes or impacts from the presentation are not detailed, it likely enhanced stakeholders' awareness of the importance of understanding activity spaces in TB prevention efforts. This may lead to the development of more effective strategies for identifying and addressing TB transmission hotspots within communities |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Uptake And Outcomes of First-Line Dolutegravir In A Large South African Cohort (Co-author: K Naidoo, Presented at CROI 2023 USA) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | The presentation attracted a large audience and stimulated engaging discussions, illustrating attendees' strong interest in the study's subject matter. The intended purpose of the presentation was to assess the adoption and effectiveness of first-line dolutegravir treatment in a sizable cohort of patients in South Africa. Engagement of the audience suggests that the presentation effectively raised awareness about the utilization and outcomes of dolutegravir-based therapy in this setting. This engagement may lead to increased interest and further research into the efficacy and safety of dolutegravir as a first-line treatment option for HIV in South Africa, potentially influencing clinical practice and improving patient care outcomes |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Vice Chair, National Institutes of Health Advancing Clinical Therapeutics Globally Tuberculosis |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | The role is for the position of Vice Chair of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Advancing Clinical Therapeutics in Global Tuberculosis (TB). The primary responsibility of this position is to offer expertise and guidance in shaping discussions and initiatives focused on advancing groundbreaking research in the field of tuberculosis. This includes working closely with the chair, experts, researchers, and key stakeholders to identify critical research priorities and innovative strategies to tackle the ongoing challenges of TB, including areas such as prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and patient care. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| URL | https://actgnetwork.org/clinical-trial/?site_search=&research_area=&site_status=open#search-form |
| Description | • Low Sensitivity of Self-Report to Identify Sub-Optimal Adherence in Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis and HIV in South Africa (PRAXIS study). (Co-author: K Naidoo; presented at the EVIDENCE INTO PRACTICE: The Union World Conference on Lung Health 2023, 15-18 November, Paris) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | The presentation captivated a sizable audience and sparked thought-provoking questions, demonstrating the attendees' keen interest in the study and prompting them to inquire for additional details |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |