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Edinburgh DiRAC Resource Grant

Lead Research Organisation: University of Edinburgh
Department Name: Sch of Physics and Astronomy

Abstract

DiRAC (Distributed Research utilising Advanced Computing) is the integrated supercomputing facility for theoretical modelling and HPC-based research in particle physics, nuclear physics, astronomy and cosmology, areas in which the UK is world-leading. It was funded as a result of investment of £12.32 million, from the Government's Large Facilities Capital Fund, together with investment from STFC and from universities. In 2012, the DiRAC facility was upgraded with a further £15 million capital investment from government (DiRAC-2).

The DiRAC facility provides a variety of computer architectures, matching machine architecture to the algorithm design and requirements of the research problems to be solved. The science facilitated includes: using supercomputers to enable scientists to calculate what theories of the early universe predict and to test them against observations of the present universe; undertaking lattice field theory calculations whose primary aim is to increase the predictive power of the Standard Model of elementary particle interactions through numerical simulation of Quantum Chromodynamics; carrying out state-of-the-art cosmological simulations, including the large-scale distribution of dark matter, the formation of dark matter haloes, the formation and evolution of galaxies and clusters, the physics of the intergalactic medium and the properties of the intracluster gas.

This grant is to support the continued operation of the DiRAC facilities until 2017 to ensure that the UK remains one of the world-leaders of theoretical modelling in particle physics, astronomy and cosmology.

Planned Impact

The high-performance computing applications supported by DiRAC typically involve new algorithms and implementations optimised for high energy efficiency which impose demands on computer architectures that the computing industry has found useful for hardware and system software design and testing.

DiRAC researchers have on-going collaborations with computing companies that maintain this strong connection between the scientific goals of the DiRAC Consortium and the development of new computing technologies that drive the commercial high-performance computing market, with economic benefits to the companies involved and more powerful computing capabilities available to other application areas including many that address socio-economic challenges.

Publications

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Grand R (2020) The biggest splash in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Pfeifer S (2020) The BAHAMAS project: effects of dynamical dark energy on large-scale structure in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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McCarthy I (2020) The imprint of dark subhaloes on the circumgalactic medium in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Young A (2021) Chemical signatures of a warped protoplanetary disc in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Richings A (2021) Unravelling the physics of multiphase AGN winds through emission line tracers in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Cao K (2021) Studying galaxy cluster morphological metrics with mock-X in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Mukherjee S (2021) SEAGLE - II. Constraints on feedback models in galaxy formation from massive early-type strong-lens galaxies in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Haworth T (2021) Warm millimetre dust in protoplanetary discs near massive stars in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Li Y (2022) Non-linear reconstruction of features in the primordial power spectrum from large-scale structure in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Matsumoto J (2021) Magnetic inhibition of the recollimation instability in relativistic jets in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Huško F (2022) Spin-driven jet feedback in idealized simulations of galaxy groups and clusters in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Richings A (2022) The effects of local stellar radiation and dust depletion on non-equilibrium interstellar chemistry in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Tissera P (2022) The evolution of the oxygen abundance gradients in star-forming galaxies in the eagle simulations in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Baugh C (2022) Modelling emission lines in star-forming galaxies in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Davies C (2022) Cosmological forecasts with the clustering of weak lensing peaks in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Baugh C (2020) Sensitivity analysis of a galaxy formation model in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Orkney M (2021) EDGE: two routes to dark matter core formation in ultra-faint dwarfs in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Hillier A (2023) The role of cooling induced by mixing in the mass and energy cycles of the solar atmosphere in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Scardoni C (2022) Inward and outward migration of massive planets: moving towards a stalling radius in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Santos-Santos I (2020) Baryonic clues to the puzzling diversity of dwarf galaxy rotation curves in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Suarez T (2021) Modelling intergalactic low ionization metal absorption line systems near the epoch of reionization in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Gurung-López S (2019) Lya emitters in a cosmological volume II: the impact of the intergalactic medium in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Young A (2021) Chemical signatures of a warped protoplanetary disc in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Hernández-Aguayo C (2021) Galaxy formation in the brane world I: overview and first results in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Baxter E (2021) The correlation of high-redshift galaxies with the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect traces reionization in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Yurchenko S (2020) ExoMol molecular line lists - XXXVII. Spectra of acetylene in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Bartlett D (2021) Spatially offset black holes in the Horizon-AGN simulation and comparison to observations in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Reid J (2021) Linking computational models to follow the evolution of heated coronal plasma in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Whitworth D (2022) Is the molecular KS relationship universal down to low metallicities? in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Young A (2022) Characteristics of small protoplanetary disc warps in kinematic observations in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Barrera-Hinojosa C (2021) Vector modes in ?CDM: the gravitomagnetic potential in dark matter haloes from relativistic N -body simulations in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Pichon C (2020) And yet it flips: connecting galactic spin and the cosmic web in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Barrera-Hinojosa C (2021) Vector modes in ?CDM: the gravitomagnetic potential in dark matter haloes from relativistic N -body simulations in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Weinberger L (2020) Probing delayed-end reionization histories with the 21-cm LAE cross-power spectrum in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Hou J (2021) How well is angular momentum accretion modelled in semi-analytic galaxy formation models? in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Bahé Y (2021) Strongly lensed cluster substructures are not in tension with ?CDM in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Thomas N (2021) The radio galaxy population in the simba simulations in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Correa C (2020) The dependence of the galaxy stellar-to-halo mass relation on galaxy morphology in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Genina A (2022) Can tides explain the low dark matter density in Fornax? in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

 
Description In December 2009, the STFC Facility, DiRAC, was established to provide distributed High Performance Computing (HPC) services for theoretical modelling and HPC-based research in particle physics, astronomy and cosmology. DiRAC provides a variety of computer architectures, matching machine architecture to the algorithm design and requirements of the research problems to be solved. This grant funds the continued operation of the 1.3Pflop/s Blue Gene/Q system at the University of Edinburgh, which was co-developed by Peter Boyle (University of Edinburgh) and IBM to run with high energy efficiency for months at a time on a single problem to solve some of the most complex problems in physics, particularly the strong interactions of quarks and gluons. The DiRAC Facility supports over 250 active researchers at 27 UK HEIs. This includes the research projects of 100 funded research staff (PDRAs and Research Fellows), over 50 post-graduate projects, and £1.6M of funded research grants.
Exploitation Route Theoretical results obtained input to a range of experimental programmes aiming to increase our understanding of Nature. Algorithms and software developed provide input to computer design.
Sectors Digital/Communication/Information Technologies (including Software)

URL http://dirac.ac.uk/
 
Description Intel IPAG QCD codesign project 
Organisation Intel Corporation
Department Intel Corporation (Jones Farm)
Country United States 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution We have collaborated with Intel corporation since 2014 with $720k of total direct funding, starting initially as an Intel parallel computing centre, and expanding to direct close collaboration with Intel Pathfinding and Architecture Group.
Collaborator Contribution We have performed detailed optimisation of QCD codes (Wilson, Domain Wall, Staggered) on Intel many core architectures. We have investigated the memory system and interconnect performance, particularly on Intel's latest interconnect hardware called Omnipath. We found serious performance issues and worked with Intel to plan a solution and this has been verified and is available as beta software. It will reach general availability in the Intel MPI 2019 release, and allow threaded concurrent communications in MPI for the first time. A joint paper on the resolution to this was written with the Intel MPI team, and the application of the same QCD programming techniques to machine learning gradient reduction was applied in the paper to the Baidu Research all reduce library, demonstrating a 10x gain for this critical step in machine learning in clustered environments. We are also working with Intel verifying future architectures that will deliver the exascale performance in 2021.
Impact We have performed detailed optimisation of QCD codes (Wilson, Domain Wall, Staggered) on Intel many core architectures. We have investigated the memory system and interconnect performance, particularly on Intel's latest interconnect hardware called Omnipath. We found serious performance issues and worked with Intel to plan a solution and this has been verified and is available as beta software. It will reach general availability in the Intel MPI 2019 release, and allow threaded concurrent communications in MPI for the first time. A joint paper on the resolution to this was written with the Intel MPI team, and the application of the same QCD programming techniques to machine learning gradient reduction was applied in the paper to the Baidu Research all reduce library, demonstrating a 10x gain for this critical step in machine learning in clustered environments. This collaboration has been renewed annually in 2018, 2019, 2020. Two DiRAC RSE's were hired by Intel to work on the Turing collaboration.
Start Year 2016