Stories from Rwanda: Academic, Creative, Applied
Lead Research Organisation:
King's College London
Department Name: English Language and Literature
Abstract
How do you see Rwanda? In the aftermath of the genocide that shook the world, how do you picture this small East African country? And who has shaped these images? Who are the photographers, storytellers, reporters, editors and filmmakers who have influenced your imagination? My research examines how Rwanda has been 'curated' for international audiences - the visual and verbal stories told about genocide and its aftermath and the ways in which they have been disseminated globally.
In 1994 between 800,000 and a million people were killed in Rwanda in just one hundred days. Many of these killings took place in people's homes or nearby public spaces. After genocide survivors often returned to where they lived before, to the sites where they lost hundreds of friends and family members. These killings and the process of rebuilding life after genocide, are grounded in an intimate knowledge of a particular place. However, during genocide and its aftermath many Rwandans were displaced. And the first international stories about Rwanda were told by foreigners mostly travelling to the country for the first time.
Familiarity with place then, in Rwanda, is intimately tied to the question of authorship. Survivors giving testimony about genocide recollect sites of killings, the places where people hid, routes out of the country. Accounts by influential visiting journalists and novelists by contrast dwell on the strangeness of the landscape and disorientation. To understand experiences of genocide we need to listen to local people who lived through the events and are still grappling with their consequences. But to understand how Rwanda has been perceived internationally we must also pay attention to the narratives of outsiders.
This fellowship begins with two writing projects that study and contest these dynamics. My monograph Rwanda: The Testimony of Place, examines how the field of testimony has been shaped and is changing the further we move from 1994. My translation of Yolande Mukagasana's testimony La mort ne veut pas de moi will bring a key Rwandan voice to English-speaking audiences for the first time.
I then develop these themes of place and authorship building on my existing networks established while making the BBC documentary Living with Memory in Rwanda and curating the AHRC-funded exhibition Rwanda in Photographs (2014). Exploring my Rwandan colleagues' observation that Rwandans have little control over narratives circulating about them internationally, I will map ways in which stories about Rwanda are consistently mediated by outsiders from the Global North, and challenge these dynamics through interventions designed to foreground Rwandan voices.
In 2018 I will convene a workshop facilitated by photographer-activist Marcelo Brodsky (Argentina) and writer-editor Billy Kahora (Kenya), bringing together Rwandan photographers and writers with NGOs based in Rwanda. The workshop aims to demonstrate that NGOs can benefit from working with local artists as opposed to flying in foreign journalists for their communication campaigns, and offers valuable training and networking for participants. Slideshows in Kigali and London will share the results and selected work will be published in a journal special issue.
Accompanying the workshop are three further interventions: A policy briefing for photo editors outlining the business and ethical case for commissioning photography locally rather than internationally; A quantitative study co-authored with social psychologist Dr Keon West showing why this is important for humanising the people depicted; And a visually-rich website drawing together my own research and images generated over the past five years of engagement activities.
This fellowship will establish me as an emerging leader in post-conflict cultures, providing time to complete two key publications and funding to forge new ways forward through projects that combine both academic research and cultural activism.
In 1994 between 800,000 and a million people were killed in Rwanda in just one hundred days. Many of these killings took place in people's homes or nearby public spaces. After genocide survivors often returned to where they lived before, to the sites where they lost hundreds of friends and family members. These killings and the process of rebuilding life after genocide, are grounded in an intimate knowledge of a particular place. However, during genocide and its aftermath many Rwandans were displaced. And the first international stories about Rwanda were told by foreigners mostly travelling to the country for the first time.
Familiarity with place then, in Rwanda, is intimately tied to the question of authorship. Survivors giving testimony about genocide recollect sites of killings, the places where people hid, routes out of the country. Accounts by influential visiting journalists and novelists by contrast dwell on the strangeness of the landscape and disorientation. To understand experiences of genocide we need to listen to local people who lived through the events and are still grappling with their consequences. But to understand how Rwanda has been perceived internationally we must also pay attention to the narratives of outsiders.
This fellowship begins with two writing projects that study and contest these dynamics. My monograph Rwanda: The Testimony of Place, examines how the field of testimony has been shaped and is changing the further we move from 1994. My translation of Yolande Mukagasana's testimony La mort ne veut pas de moi will bring a key Rwandan voice to English-speaking audiences for the first time.
I then develop these themes of place and authorship building on my existing networks established while making the BBC documentary Living with Memory in Rwanda and curating the AHRC-funded exhibition Rwanda in Photographs (2014). Exploring my Rwandan colleagues' observation that Rwandans have little control over narratives circulating about them internationally, I will map ways in which stories about Rwanda are consistently mediated by outsiders from the Global North, and challenge these dynamics through interventions designed to foreground Rwandan voices.
In 2018 I will convene a workshop facilitated by photographer-activist Marcelo Brodsky (Argentina) and writer-editor Billy Kahora (Kenya), bringing together Rwandan photographers and writers with NGOs based in Rwanda. The workshop aims to demonstrate that NGOs can benefit from working with local artists as opposed to flying in foreign journalists for their communication campaigns, and offers valuable training and networking for participants. Slideshows in Kigali and London will share the results and selected work will be published in a journal special issue.
Accompanying the workshop are three further interventions: A policy briefing for photo editors outlining the business and ethical case for commissioning photography locally rather than internationally; A quantitative study co-authored with social psychologist Dr Keon West showing why this is important for humanising the people depicted; And a visually-rich website drawing together my own research and images generated over the past five years of engagement activities.
This fellowship will establish me as an emerging leader in post-conflict cultures, providing time to complete two key publications and funding to forge new ways forward through projects that combine both academic research and cultural activism.
Planned Impact
Who will benefit from this research and how?
Rwandan survivors, returnees and young people
In the current context of revisionism, survivors' testimonies about the genocide in Rwanda have a vital role to play in bearing witness to historic events, with tangible benefits for other survivors and their dependents. In translating Mukagasana's memoir and co-publishing in the region, it will become available to English-speaking Rwandan audiences for the first time, in particular returnees who grew up in Anglophone countries and young people schooled after the country moved from French to English.
Rwandan artists
Rwandan photographers who participated in my previous workshops described them as transformational because: they invited participants to set their own agendas about the stories they wished to tell; and showed aesthetically innovative images from other cultural contexts to inspire work that participated in creating rather than simply reflecting the world. My current proposed workshop will provide a platform for photographers and writers to reflect on the place of creativity within their personal and commissioned work, expanding their professional range and ambitions.
International and Rwandan NGOs
NGOs hosting writers and photographers from the workshop will benefit from new networks and material. Working with local photographers offers a large potential cost-saving for international and local NGOs currently commissioning international photographers to visit Rwanda to generate campaign materials. Photo editors commissioning local artists foster an ethics of dignity and self-dependency whilst inviting more creative responses to development than existing NGO metanarratives.
Rwandan and international news agencies
International news publications unable to support their own staff photographers increasingly print NGO funded photography or buy images from photographers commissioned to be in country by international NGOs. This project will add Rwandan voices to material available, increasing choice and ideally quality.
Arts organisations and their beneficiaries
Arts publications and international prize committees, such as Wasafiri, SABLE LitMag, the Caine Prize, Commonwealth Writers' Prize and Sony World Photography, often complain about the lack of entries from smaller African countries. Our proposed workshop provides mentoring to produce photography and short stories in English that can be entered for such publications and/or prizes. The proposed Wasafiri special issue will be co-edited by myself and Billy Kahora (Kenya), fostering international North-South collaboration in publishing with the benefit of sharing resources and networks.
Policy-makers
Policy-makers working for government organisations such as DfID and British Council, alongside researchers at development think tanks and research funders, will benefit from the increased evidence base for the value of locally-authored stories and photography. In addition, think tanks researching the Great Lakes will be able to source their own Rwandan photography through the project website.
Undergraduate and postgraduate students
Over the past few years university courses examining the genocide in Rwanda have grown exponentially at both undergraduate and postgraduate level. My Mukagasana translation brings a key testimonial text to Anglophone students for the first time, whilst my monograph will provide both analysis of well-known texts and fresh perspectives on understudied material, particularly photography and recent writing.
Wider reading public
My previous research shows that audiences are more likely to perceive Rwandans as complex human beings after seeing Rwandan photography. The monograph, translation, slide show and Wasafiri special issue will bring Rwandan-authored narratives to wider audiences with the benefit of opportunities to learn about Rwanda from Rwandans, hopefully accompanied by positive change in attitudes.
Rwandan survivors, returnees and young people
In the current context of revisionism, survivors' testimonies about the genocide in Rwanda have a vital role to play in bearing witness to historic events, with tangible benefits for other survivors and their dependents. In translating Mukagasana's memoir and co-publishing in the region, it will become available to English-speaking Rwandan audiences for the first time, in particular returnees who grew up in Anglophone countries and young people schooled after the country moved from French to English.
Rwandan artists
Rwandan photographers who participated in my previous workshops described them as transformational because: they invited participants to set their own agendas about the stories they wished to tell; and showed aesthetically innovative images from other cultural contexts to inspire work that participated in creating rather than simply reflecting the world. My current proposed workshop will provide a platform for photographers and writers to reflect on the place of creativity within their personal and commissioned work, expanding their professional range and ambitions.
International and Rwandan NGOs
NGOs hosting writers and photographers from the workshop will benefit from new networks and material. Working with local photographers offers a large potential cost-saving for international and local NGOs currently commissioning international photographers to visit Rwanda to generate campaign materials. Photo editors commissioning local artists foster an ethics of dignity and self-dependency whilst inviting more creative responses to development than existing NGO metanarratives.
Rwandan and international news agencies
International news publications unable to support their own staff photographers increasingly print NGO funded photography or buy images from photographers commissioned to be in country by international NGOs. This project will add Rwandan voices to material available, increasing choice and ideally quality.
Arts organisations and their beneficiaries
Arts publications and international prize committees, such as Wasafiri, SABLE LitMag, the Caine Prize, Commonwealth Writers' Prize and Sony World Photography, often complain about the lack of entries from smaller African countries. Our proposed workshop provides mentoring to produce photography and short stories in English that can be entered for such publications and/or prizes. The proposed Wasafiri special issue will be co-edited by myself and Billy Kahora (Kenya), fostering international North-South collaboration in publishing with the benefit of sharing resources and networks.
Policy-makers
Policy-makers working for government organisations such as DfID and British Council, alongside researchers at development think tanks and research funders, will benefit from the increased evidence base for the value of locally-authored stories and photography. In addition, think tanks researching the Great Lakes will be able to source their own Rwandan photography through the project website.
Undergraduate and postgraduate students
Over the past few years university courses examining the genocide in Rwanda have grown exponentially at both undergraduate and postgraduate level. My Mukagasana translation brings a key testimonial text to Anglophone students for the first time, whilst my monograph will provide both analysis of well-known texts and fresh perspectives on understudied material, particularly photography and recent writing.
Wider reading public
My previous research shows that audiences are more likely to perceive Rwandans as complex human beings after seeing Rwandan photography. The monograph, translation, slide show and Wasafiri special issue will bring Rwandan-authored narratives to wider audiences with the benefit of opportunities to learn about Rwanda from Rwandans, hopefully accompanied by positive change in attitudes.
People |
ORCID iD |
| Zoe Norridge (Principal Investigator / Fellow) |
Publications
Billy Kahora (joint First Authors)
(2020)
"What Is Seen and What Is Said"
in Wasafiri
Billy Kahora And Zoe Norridge (eds)
(2020)
Human Rights Cultures: Rwanda, Kenya, Colombia, Argentina (Special Issue of Wasafiri)
Blackmore K
(2020)
Scale and Silence: Visual Arts and Symbolic Repair in Colombia and Kenya
in Wasafiri
Mukagasana Yolande
(2019)
Not My Time to Die
Natacha Muziramakenga (translated By Zoe Norridge)
(2020)
The Paths that Undo Me; Les chemins qui me séparent (poem in Wasafiri special issue)
Norridge Z
(2019)
'Papaoutai'? Family memory, parental loss and Rwandan artists today
in Memory Studies
Norridge Z
(2019)
The Faces We Lost . Directed by Pitor Cieplak. 2017. Film Review by Zoe Norridge
in Photography and Culture
Norridge Z
(2018)
Photography, Film and Visibly Wounded Genocide Survivors in Rwanda
in Journal of Genocide Research
Norridge Z
(2020)
Photographing Loss: Drawing on Argentine Photography in Rwanda
in Wasafiri
Yolande Mukagasana (translated By Zoe Norridge)
(2020)
Elsewhere and in Place; Ailleurs et dans l'espace (poem in Special issue of Wasafiri)
| Description | The 1994 genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda is too often remembered through the eyes of outsiders in sensationalist terms with a focus on the infliction of extreme violence. The research I've conducted through this AHRC-funded leadership fellowship indicates that an arts-led focus on Rwandan voices can enrich understandings of life during and after the genocide, changing reductive assumptions about violence in the region and foregrounding areas of resistance and resilience. This is substantiated by research key findings. 1) Visitor focus on violence may miss nuance of ongoing suffering (Norridge 2018) My research shows that visiting journalists have instrumentalised survivor experiences to retrospectively bear witness to a genocide Western media failed to cover at the time. Photographers have depicted visibly wounded survivors amongst the dead at memorials in order to render visible brutal killings that were not captured on film. Such images have a testimonial role. But asking survivors to stand in for the dead denies their agency and ongoing difficulties in the present. For Rwanda to rebuild attention must be drawn not only to past violence but to its legacies today. 2) Rwandan accounts complicate timescales and add a range of perspectives (Norridge 2019) All accounts of genocide by Rwandans and visitors present in the country during and immediately after 1994 are united in writing against genocide: in asserting the existence and nature of a detestable crime. However, the most compelling explorations of the antecedents to genocide, cultural understandings of the violence and personal legacies of trauma come from Rwandans themselves: from encounters with survivors related by professional visitors or directly through Rwandan storytelling. Rwandan accounts also stress earlier violence from 1959 onwards, intergenerational memory and the variety of responses from ordinary people, including areas of moral ambivalence. 3) Rwandan voices are crucial for rehumanising in the aftermath of genocide (Norridge 2019) In addition to perspectival and aesthetic complexity and experiential depth, Rwandan accounts of the past actively participate in 'rehumanising' groups dehumanised by genocide. Initial findings from my ongoing collaboration with Dr Keon West show that members of the public view Rwandans as 'more human' after viewing images by Rwandan photographers, in part due to content (life today rather than past violence), in part due to agency of authorship (forthcoming). This is also substantiated through reviews of the translation of Yolande Mukagasana's testimony Not My Time to Die through this grant. Audiences have remarked on how complex, personal, emotionally rich and moving the testimony is, including for those who do not know Rwanda well. 4) Development of new artistic approaches to the past can be supported through international collaboration (2019, 2020) My collaborative, practice-based research with Rwandan photographers and survivors reveals how international collaboration can increase the aesthetic complexity of testimonial art forms. Translation as research with Yolande Mukagasana uncovered ways in which her early writing was shaped by outside forces and might be reworked with greater agency and cultural particularity for new audiences through, for example, the inclusion of more Kinyarwanda phrases and replacement of French with Rwandan metaphors. Similarly, collaborative work between photographers from different regions has demonstrated that cross-cultural conversations have the potential to influence and extend creative practice. The 2020 special issue of Wasafiri showed that creative workshopping, commissioning and editing of material from across regions could generate new research insights and creative collaborations. Increasingly collaborators are finding that this also bring economic benefits in terms of professional commissions, access to international arts networks and further research collaborations. 5) Longevity of partnerships is crucial in building trust with Rwandan collaborators I have been collaborating with some Rwandan artists I've worked with on this grant since 2012. Over this period of time we have shared ideas and supported each others careers. Growing trust has been manifest in my nomination as Chair of Ishami Foundation and the Rwanda High Commission's involvement in the 25 Schools for Kwibuka 25 event and their commendation of my Radio 4 programme Rwanda's Returnees. Whilst most objectives from this grant are complete there are two key outstanding areas. Firstly, the proposed monograph has been delayed by home-schooling due to COVID-19. I have research leave booked for January-June 2022 and hope to complete the manuscript during this time. The psychology collaboration with Dr Keon West has similarly been delayed, in part due to more complex experimental results than anticipated, in part due to COVID-19 related time pressures. The linked planned policy briefing shifted in focus due to changes within the sector. We still plan to release a policy statement once the psychology study is published. Results not anticipated by the initial proposal include the Kigali Photo Fest in 2019, work with Rwandan photographers around the impact of COVID-19, the development of the new AHRC Network Plus case study, the Radio 4 documentary Rwanda's Returnees and work with the Ishami Foundation, including 25 Schools for Kwibuka 25 and related materials |
| Exploitation Route | Huza Press * Impact on the publisher is detailed elsewhere * Press now has the potential to develop list with further work exploring the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda * There is also potential to explore more formats, including an audiobook version of the translation * We are discussing how to build on insights from the artistic production process, for example by hosting a workshop for cover designers in the East African Region (there is a significant skills gap in this area) Kigali Center for Photography: * Again impact is detailed elsewhere * We are now collaborating on a new grant exploring potential for participatory photography to be used as an advocacy tool in peacebuilding * The Kigali Photo Fest has already had a significant impact but this could be increased exponentially with greater funding for future iterations - we are currently discussing how best to report on our activities and mobilise support for future editions * The Kigali Center for Photography has already taken up challenges that emerged during event conversations, for example they are now running a mentoring and training programme for women photographers * Photographers connected with the centre have applied for Human Rights grants since completing our workshop - we are waiting to hear the outcomes of their applications * Kigali Center for Photography Director Jacques Nkinzingabo has successfully applied for further research related funding Ishami Foundation: * We are discussing how to take our insights into work with schools forward in the UK and Rwanda - potentially through the creation of a new centre to explore the teaching of the difficult past at King's College London, offering CPD and sharing of best practice for teachers internationally * I am also continuing to support Jo Ingabire in developing the 100 Stories collection and will be applying for Follow on Funding to support this project * Ishami Foundation now has registered charity status in the UK. We are seeking confirmed status in Rwanda and continuing to grow activities. |
| Sectors | Creative Economy,Education,Government, Democracy and Justice,Culture, Heritage, Museums and Collections,Security and Diplomacy |
| Description | This leadership fellowship has generated a range of impact. Here I focus on three key areas: the photographic community in Rwanda; publishing and survivor narratives in Rwanda; and increasing international public knowledge about Rwanda. SUPPORTING THE CREATION OF A RWANDAN PHOTOGRAPHIC COMMUNITY Conversations with cultural gatekeepers at the 2014 Rwanda in Photographs exhibition professional workshop in London highlighted that a strong regional photographic community was necessary for the growth of professional photography in Rwanda. In 2018 this Leadership Fellowship supported regional growth by funding Jacques Nkinzingabo, founder of the Kigali Center for Photography, to join me at KLA-Art in Kampala, Uganda, to explore new ways to grow local and international interest. Nkinzingabo went on to found Kigali Photo Fest, the first photography festival in Rwanda, with Ugandan photographer Kibuuka Mukisa Oscar. Nkinzingabo invited me to programme events and develop the website. The 2019 festival connected local and international audiences with dynamic photography from Rwanda and the rest of Africa. Audiences attending events deepened their understanding of photography at home and in the region. Topics were informed by AHRC-funded research and the Sustainable Development Goals and included a "Women in Photography" panel with speakers from Rwanda, Uganda, UK, US and China. Partner venues (Goethe, Rwanda Arts Initiative, Innovation Village, Kandt House Museum) benefited by reaching new audiences. FOCUS magazine commented: "After the controversy over the absence of African artists at the 50th anniversary of the Rencontres d'Arles [the world's most prestigious international photography festival], the Kigali Photo Fest throws down the gauntlet to those curators and European experts who claimed last June that they "were unable to identify new networks and seemed to always be talking to the same esoteric set of people on the continent". Having identified Human Rights literacy as a key need in the creative sector (after reviewing numerous unsuccessful Rwandan funding applications), I also convened a Human Rights Cultures workshop during the festival. This brought together 8 photographers and 6 writers, and was facilitated by Billy Kahora, Sarah Waiswa (Uganda) and Liz Hingley (UK). Rwandan participants reported: increased understanding of international conceptions of human rights, greater confidence in drawing on these when conceptualising projects and applying for funding; and realisation of the potential for the arts to open up new conversations in an otherwise relatively restricted political sphere in Rwanda. They also commented on the "supportive group" and the "sensitive and generous energy throughout". Work by three of these artists (two photographers and a writer) was featured in the special issue of Wasafiri I co-edited with Billy Kahora in 2020. Following the workshop, Alain Hirwa, one of the writers, went on to found his own literary magazine, has submitted multiple pieces to international journals and has since begun an MFA in Creative Writing in the US. In Summer 2020, realising that funds planned for a final research trip to Rwanda could not be spent, Jacques Nkinzingabo and I, through the Kigali Center for Photography, commissioned ten photographers to complete short creative projects about life in Rwanda under the global pandemic. This provided invaluable income for photographers at a time when funds from most photography commissions dried up overnight. One of those commissioned, Jean Bizimana, who had also participated in the Human Rights Cultures workshop, completed a piece about single mothers which went on to be published in a range of media. He then successfully applied for the prestigious Magnum Social Justice Fellowship in 2021. These pieces will be drawn together and curated in 2021. This curation has been delayed by pandemic-related demands on our time. This work relates to the following SDGs: 3) Good Health and Well-being - visual cultures which reflect Rwandan values and aesthetic traditions play a role in sustaining healthy communities. The festival also provides an opportunity for the Rwandan general public to enjoy local and international photography. 4) Quality Education - this partnership provided participants with professional skills essential for employment 5) Gender Equality - the events programme was designed with equality in mind (at least half the speakers were women and we actively looked to attract female participants in the workshop) and included a specific panel addressing gendered challenges to women's participation in photography 9) Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure - this partnership helps build the photography industry in Kigali, increasing the international profiles of photographers, developing skills 16) Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions - Rwandan-authored visual storytelling around human rights issues is crucial for communicating stories Rwandan audiences feel are relevant, ultimately contributing to building resilient inclusive societies. PUBLISHING AND SURVIVOR NARRATIVES IN RWANDA My research has established the importance of survivor voices for conveying compelling and nuanced narratives about Rwanda's complex past. However, many early survivor testimonies were published in French and Rwanda has since switched European languages to English. Rwandans who grew up in exile in Anglophone countries, and the new generation of young people educated in English, are therefore unable to access key texts about their past. The lack of testimonies in translation also meant that international students in Anglophone countries were encountering the country predominantly through accounts by visiting outsiders. With this leadership fellowship I worked to address this situation by translating Yolande Mukagasana's La mort ne veut pas de moi, the first survivor testimony to be published after the genocide, as Not My Time to Die (2019). This translation project had a significant impact on: • Mukagasana herself who was able to clarify how and why she wrote the French edition two decades earlier and collaborate on updates including a new Afterword. • Rwandan publisher Huza Press: expanding their list (this is their first work of testimony), supporting high production values (with grant funding), increasing their exposure to international markets (UK, English-speaking Africa) and developing distribution (worldwide through African Books Collective). Huza have sold 2,000 copies of the book internationally, significantly more than any other title on their list. This has opened up new avenues for collaboration for them, including licensing the book via the One Read mobile application in Nigeria. • Artists who participated in the production (Burundian photographer Chris Schwagga, Ugandan writer Doreen Baingana, Kenyan copyeditor Otieno Owino) and dissemination (Ishyo Arts Director Carole Karemera), who benefited from strengthening artistic networks across disciplines and the region. As a result: • Anglophone Rwandans unable to read the original were able to access this key story for the first time • Audiences were able to encounter Yolande and her testimony through events and media coverage in Rwanda, the UK, Nigeria (Aké Festival) and South Africa (Johannesburg Review of Books) • Anglophone educators are now able to teach this foundational Rwandan-authored testimony. This work relates to the following SDGs: 4) Quality Education - a healthy publishing industry is essential for supporting education with relevant and affordable materials. This testimony, which explores violence against women and children and includes stories of rescue (supporting post-genocide reconciliation and the importance of critical thinking), is a helpful addition to genocide education in Rwanda. 5) Gender Equality - Huza Press is founded by Louise Umutoni and Yolande Mukagasana explores gender-based violence in her testimony. 9) Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure - as above, this publication strengthens a key literary player in the Rwandan publishing industry, potential further projects around photography and cover design would provide further impact. 16) Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions - this testimony illustrates the steps to genocide and calls for peacebuilding measures. It provides further material to counter genocide denial. INCREASING PUBLIC KNOWLEDGE ABOUT RWANDA AND GENOCIDE PREVENTION International public perceptions of Rwanda are beset by forgetting and obfuscation. 53% of the UK population cannot name a genocide since the Holocaust and there is a long history of Western attitudes towards Rwanda being shaped by media simplifications, mis-information, prejudice and genocide denial (Thompson 2007). By contrast, my AHRC-funded research has explored the complexity of memory practices and the multiple groups involved in rebuilding the country after genocide (2013, 2019a) and I have therefore engaged in media work to bridge gaps between public and academic understanding. Recent highlights include a Radio 3 discussion of Rwandan responses to the BBC series Black Earth Rising (2018), my BBC Radio 4 documentary about artists who grew up in exile and then came back to Rwanda, Rwanda's Returnees (2019), and my BBC Radio 3 essay about why we should be reading Yolande Mukagasana's work alongside Holocaust testimonies (2020). These programmes have enabled a rebuilding of trust between the BBC and Rwanda after the broadcast of "Rwanda: The Untold Story", which was widely criticised for genocide denial (Melvern 2020), as evidenced by the granting of a media permit to Norridge in 2019, at a time when the BBC Kinyarwanda service had been shut down and BBC reporters were often refused access. Referring to Rwanda's Returnees, The Rwanda High Commission commented in 2020: "Such a programme, drawing on careful long-term research and Rwandan experiences, resonated with both Rwandans in the diaspora and at home, and went some way towards restoring trust between Rwandans and the BBC" . I have also worked consistently with the Ishami Foundation in order to: • Help build institutions working in Rwanda and the UK led by Rwandan genocide survivors active in culture and sports, with relevant support and training • Develop teaching materials foregrounding survivor voices including support of the 100 Stories project gathering perspectives from a range of witnesses including survivors, perpetrators and bystanders • Change perceptions around genocide history an prevention in UK schools and with the UK public through workshops, events and social media campaigns such as #Genocide70 • Advocate for the inclusion of Rwandan survivor perspectives in all aspects of genocide commemoration The work relates to the following SDGs: 3) Good Health and Well-being - Rwandan leadership and self-representation are vital to improving mental health in the aftermath of genocide. We are opening up conversations around genocide speaker mental health and are developing organisational policy in this area. 4) Quality Education - we are producing Rwandan-authored teaching materials initially for use in UK schools but these will be available online and have potential to be used in Rwanda. 5) Gender Equality - Ishami's sporting programmes in Rwanda include female-led coaching for girls football teams. 16) Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions - Ishami Foundation is led by Rwandan survivors. However, as part of our peace-building work we are dedicated to working with Rwandans of all identities and aim to reflect this in our events and materials. This approach forms an active contribution to peacebuilding in Rwanda and the diaspora. Our work has also raised awareness of the ongoing importance of the UN Genocide Convention. The #Genocide70 campaign with messages about genocide remembrance, consequences, warning signs and taking action reached 963,021 Twitter accounts with 2,577,335 impressions. |
| First Year Of Impact | 2018 |
| Sector | Communities and Social Services/Policy,Creative Economy,Education,Culture, Heritage, Museums and Collections |
| Impact Types | Cultural,Societal,Economic,Policy & public services |
| Description | Submission to parliamentary inquiry on the role of Africa in the UK curriculum |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Description | Stories from Rwanda: Agency, Editing and New Audiences |
| Amount | £80,644 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | AH/X005402/1 |
| Organisation | Arts & Humanities Research Council (AHRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 03/2023 |
| End | 08/2024 |
| Description | Time for Rights/Rights for Time |
| Amount | £1,999,522 (GBP) |
| Organisation | Arts & Humanities Research Council (AHRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 04/2020 |
| End | 04/2024 |
| Description | AIMPO |
| Organisation | African Initiative for Mankind Progress Organization |
| Country | Rwanda |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| PI Contribution | I brought the Kigali Center for Photography and AIMPO together as a key case study for a GCRF Network Plus application that received funding in early 2020. The project uses participatory photography to explore self representation and advocacy in a rural Batwa community in Northern Rwanda. We conducted needs identification in November 2019 but have not yet been able to proceed with the main project because of COVID-19 travel restrictions. We plan to complete the project later this year. We are also devising contingency plans in case pandemic restrictions continue. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Richard Ntakirutimana of AIMPO brought his expertise on indigenous issues and experience working with Batwa communities in Rwanda. |
| Impact | Funding Award for GCRF Network Plus |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | Huza Press |
| Organisation | Huza Press |
| Country | Rwanda |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | Huza Press published my translation of Yolande Mukagasana's testimony Not My Time to Die, which first appeared in French in 1994 at La mort ne veut pas de moi (Editions Fixot). My contribution involved: * Adding an excellent and unique text to Huza's growing list, increasing their profile, assisting with capacity building (funding, skills) * Delivery of manuscript of translation, completed with teaching buy out made possible by the Leadership Fellowship * Responding to edits and making changes in collaboration with Yolande Mukagasna (involving travel to Rwanda to discuss in person) * Funding the production of the translation (Huza Press does not yet have the capacity to take on this level of risk) * Drawing on my skills and networks to assist with production, for example I commissioned cover photography from Burundian photographer Chris Schwagga * Responding to editorial and production issues as they arose. For example, the Rwandan designer producing cover art was unable to deliver work of international quality so I found another designer able to take on the project at short notice. We are now developing a potential collaboration with this designer to offer training in cover design to designers in the region * Launching the book in Rwanda in April 2019 * Organising a UK tour for the book with Yolande Mukagasna and Louise Umutoni (of Huza Press) in July 2019 * Providing PR support for these launches in order to obtain reviews in the international press * Continuing to seek reviews and promote the book e.g. through my BBC Radio 3 essay on Yolande Mukagasana |
| Collaborator Contribution | Louise Umutoni, founder of Huza Press, is a Rwandan publisher living in Kigali, dedicated to growing the profile of literature and the culture of reading in Rwanda and East Africa. Huza Press have a great deal of knowledge about the practicalities of Rwandan publishing, Rwandan reading publics, promotion and distribution in Rwanda and East Africa. They are organising the launch in Kigali and promotion at literary festivals across Africa. Huza have arranged editors from the region: Doreen Baingana from Uganda (author of Tropical Fish), Otieno Owino from Kenya (Kwani?). This is helping me to build literary networks. It also ensures the translation is sensitive to East African cultural nuances. |
| Impact | Publication of Yolande Mukagasana, Not My Time to Die, translated by Zoe Norridge, in April 2019 with Huza Press. 2,000 copies sold internationally. Book launch in Kigali in April 2019 Book tour in UK in July 2019 BBC Radio 3 essay on Yolande Mukagasana in March 2020 |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | Ishami Foundation |
| Organisation | Ishami Foundation |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| PI Contribution | In autumn 2017 I was elected Chair of the Board of Trustees for the Ishami Foundation. My work with this foundation overlaps with and directly relates to my research and the skills I am gaining from holding this position are directly relevant to the "leadership" aspects of my AHRC Leadership Fellowship. Based in the UK and Rwanda, the Ishami Foundation works with genocide survivor experience to connect us all to a sense of our shared humanity. In practice this is achieved through two strands of work: sport and storytelling. The foundation uses sport to empower young people, foster tolerance, teamwork, critical thinking and active citizenship. Most sporting activities take place in Rwanda but the annual Play 2 Remember match also takes place in the UK. Ishami draws on genocide testimony to preserve the memory of the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda and other modern genocides. We do this through survivor talks and events at schools, universities and in communities, mostly in the UK. My contribution to the organisation has been: * To lead on organisational structures, managing trustee relationships, working closely with the CEO Eric Murangwa Eugene MBE * To provide strategic guidance, identifying priority areas, developing clear communications strategies, building relevant partnerships * To support individual projects that align with my own work in testimony, communication, the arts and education In practice this means I have: * Co-produced the organisation mission statement, governance document and charity commission application * Managed development of the Ishami Foundation website: https://ishamifoundation.org/ * Hosted events at King's College London relevant to our core work (see individual entries) * Participated in partnership building with other genocide education organisations (Holocaust Memorial Day Trust, Waging Peace, Remembering Srebrenica, Anne Frank Trust and so on) and commercial partners (Picturehouse Education) through sitting on groups, co-hosting events, attending events of others, and offering Rwanda-grounded feedback on the campaigns of others * Mentored Rwandan colleagues developing strands of work, in particular Jo Ingabire Moys and her 100 Stories for 100 Days which has now received funding from the Arts Council and Tudor Trust and will be further supported with photography commissioned through the AHRC Leadership grant work with Rwandan photographers * Run campaigns with colleagues, including an international Twitter campaign to mark the 70th Anniversary of the United National Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide with participants from significant numbers of countries on the DAC list: https://ishamifoundation.org/genocide70/ * Planned and delivered an educational campaign and a commemoration event with 25 London Schools and members of the Rwandan diaspora at City Hall with the Mayor of London to mark the 25th anniversary of the genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda. Design work for the educational campaign was supported by the AHRC Leadership grant. It features Eric Murangwa Eugene's story plus Q&A, three stories from the 100 Stories project and an excerpt from my translation of Yolande Mukgasana's Not My Time to Die (alongside a history of Rwanda and activity ideas) |
| Collaborator Contribution | I am in regular contact with the CEO of the Ishami Foundation Eric Murangwa Eugene MBE and Jo Ingabire Moys, co-founder, Rwandan filmmaker and writer. All work undertaken through this partnership has stemmed from needs identification work with Rwandan colleagues at the core of the organisation. We've shared time, expertise, perspectives, contacts and knowledge. In addition, working daily with genocide survivors has informed my academic research, media discussions and translation work under this grant. It has also enabled me to build further Rwandan networks: for example I attended meetings at the Rwandan High Commission twice over the last year. |
| Impact | Ishami Schools Materials 25 Schools for Kwibuka 25 event at City Hall Online training event for secondary school teachers |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Kigali Center for Photography |
| Organisation | Kigali Center for Photography |
| Country | Rwanda |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| PI Contribution | I've been discussing Rwandan photography with the founder of the Kigali Centre of Photography, Jacques Nkinzingabo for some years. In August 2018 the AHRC grant supported his flight to Kampala to attend the KLA Art Festival (which I also attended) and begin planning for a similar festival in Kigali the following year. In November 2018 we agreed I'd run the photography/writing planned under the Leadership Fellowship in collaboration with the Centre. In January 2019 he invited me to Direct the Education strand of the inaugural Kigali Photography Festival in June 2019. In this role I: * Convened the planned photography/writing workshop * Curated events with Rwandan and international photographers * Hosted a panel about Women in Photography in Rwanda * Screened The Faces We Lost (Dir Piotr Cieplak) with speakers working in photography and memorialisation 2020 Update: The Kigali Photo Fest took place in July 2019. As event programmer for the festival I: 1) Produced the festival website and associated event pages on the festival's facebook account 2) Convened public events during the festival including: a. Sequencing Storytelling Masterclass with Carol Allen Storey at Kurema Kureba Kwiga b. Curator's Tour of Kandt House Museum c. Nature Photography with Gael Ruboneka Vande Weghe at Rwanda Arts Initiative d. Being in Place: Here and Home with Bathsehba Okwenje, Yves Manzi, Mussa Uwitonze and Natacha Muziramakenga at Rwanda Arts Initiative e. Remembering Bisi Silva, Celebrating African Curators, with Jacques Nkinzingabo, Crista Uwase, Robinah Nansubuga, Natacha Muziramakenga and Kibuuka Mukisa Oscar at Kigali Center for Photography f. The Faces We Lost Film Screening and Q&A with Paul Rukesha and Dusabejambo Marie Clementine at Goethe Institute g. Women in Photograph: Where are we? with Nadège Imbabazi Karemera, Sarah Waiswa, Carol Allen Storey, Liz Hingley, Chrystal Ding and Joan Mazimhaka at Innovation Village 3) Convened a four day workshop on Human Rights Cultures for writers and photographers, facilitated by Billy Kahora, Sarah Waiswa and Liz Hingley, taking place at the School of Architecture and the Built Environment (SABE) Since the festival Jacques Nkinzingabo and I have partnered with Richard Ntakirutimana at AIMPO to provide a Rwanda case study for the GCRF Network Plus Award Time for Rights/Rights for Time (starting in April 2020, needs identification complete). 2021 Update: Planning for the GCRF Network Plus Award is ongoing. Jacques Nkinzingabo went on to successfully apply for funding for another research collaboration with Tiffany Fairey who I introduced him to in 2019. In Summer 2021 in collaboration with the Kigali Center for Photography we made small awards to ten photographers unable to work during COVID-19 to develop their personal projects. We are now looking to curate these digitally. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Jacques is the Founder of the Kigali Center for Photography and the Kigali Photo Fest. He has a Center website and physical space in Kigali. He is well-networked with Rwandan photographers and with international photographers and curators. Jacques was instrumental in developing the format for the participatory work we're planning with AIMPO for the GCRF Network Plus Award. |
| Impact | AS ABOVE: Kigali Photo Fest - an international photography festival that took place in Kigali in July 2019. As event programmer for the festival I: 1) Produced the festival website and associated event pages on the festival's facebook account 2) Convened public events during the festival including: a. Sequencing Storytelling Masterclass with Carol Allen Storey at Kurema Kureba Kwiga b. Curator's Tour of Kandt House Museum c. Nature Photography with Gael Ruboneka Vande Weghe at Rwanda Arts Initiative d. Being in Place: Here and Home with Bathsehba Okwenje, Yves Manzi, Mussa Uwitonze and Natacha Muziramakenga at Rwanda Arts Initiative e. Remembering Bisi Silva, Celebrating African Curators, with Jacques Nkinzingabo, Crista Uwase, Robinah Nansubuga, Natacha Muziramakenga and Kibuuka Mukisa Oscar at Kigali Center for Photography f. The Faces We Lost Film Screening and Q&A with Paul Rukesha and Dusabejambo Marie Clementine at Goethe Institute g. Women in Photograph: Where are we? with Nadège Imbabazi Karemera, Sarah Waiswa, Carol Allen Storey, Liz Hingley, Chrystal Ding and Joan Mazimhaka at Innovation Village 3) Convened a four day workshop on Human Rights Cultures for writers and photographers, facilitated by Billy Kahora, Sarah Waiswa and Liz Hingley, taking place at the School of Architecture and the Built Environment (SABE) |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | "Trauma-informed approaches to research - affect, emotions, embodiment" |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Panel formed part of the workshop "(Re)Sounding Silence: Active Listening as Activism against Abuse Interdisciplinary Workshop" organised by the Violence and Mental Health Network and King's College London, November 2022. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | #Genocide70 Campaign for Genocide Prevention Day 2018 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Website and Twitter campaign to mark the 70th anniversary of the United Nations Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. Campaign involved over 70 individuals - survivors, genocide educators, politicians, activists and artists - to raise awareness of the ongoing need to take action to address genocide. We also partnered with photography students at Ravensbourne University to generate images for the campaign. Over the week #Genocide70 reached 963,021 Twitter accounts, with 2,577,335 impressions. Some of these tweets came from partner organisations joining our campaign and running their own, including @RWBAHolocaust, @UCL_Holocaust, @HamptonSchool, @Genocide8020, @HolocaustUK (HET), SrebrenicaUK, HMD_UK, AnneFrankTrust, @Aegis_Trust and @WagingPeaceUK amongst many others. Individuals also reached huge communities - for example the message composed by Chief Rabbi Ephraim Mirvis was shared 60 times reaching 16.3k people. Geographically, the hashtag was most used in the UK and Rwanda. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | https://ishamifoundation.org/genocide70/ |
| Description | 25 Schools for Kwibuka 25 Workshop at City Hall |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | Workshop with students and teachers from 25 London schools for the 25th commemoration of the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda, held in collaboration with the Mayor of London and Ishami Foundation at City Hall. Students displayed work they had prepared in advance, heard from survivors, engaged in small group conversations with survivors and their peers and made personal pledges about taking action. Most stayed on for the evening commemoration event. Funding was provided mostly from King's College London and City Hall but event drew on publications, networks and collaborations built through the AHRC Leadership Fellowship. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | 4-day Human Rights Workshop for Writers and Photographers (Kigali Photo Fest) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Workshop with 14 writers and photographers (mostly from Rwanda, one from Uganda) exploring what we mean by Human Rights and how photography and creative writing can engage with this field. I convened the workshop under the umbrella of the Kigali Photo Fest. Facilitators were Billy Kahora (Kenya), Sarah Waiswa (Uganda) and Liz Hingley (UK). I also ran sessions on Human Rights Cultures. Workshop took place at the School of Architecture and the Built Environment (SABE). |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.kigaliphotofest.com/ |
| Description | BBC Radio 3 Free Thinking Discussion of Black Earth Rising |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Radio interview on BBC Radio 3 Free Thinking discussing the BBC and Netflix series Black Earth Rising with Anne McElvoy and Phil Clark. I prepared in collaboration with Ishami Foundation colleagues and aimed to reflect both Rwandan responses and my own response as a researcher exploring cultural responses to genocide. Available internationally. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m0001dt8 |
| Description | BBC Radio 4 Documentary: Rwanda's Returnees |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press) |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | BBC Radio 4 documentary for the "Art of Now" series about artists who grew up in exile in the diaspora and returned to Rwanda after the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi in order to help rebuild the arts. I co-pitched, wrote and presented this documentary, which was produced by Philippa Geering. It involved interviews with some artists I'd known for many years, building on research collaborations, and others I was meeting in person for the first time. Mostly recorded in Rwanda, I interviewed Gaël Faye before his musical performance at the Edinburgh Book Festival. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m0008wkx |
| Description | BCC Radio 3 Essay: Women Writers to Put Back on the Bookshelf, Yolande Mukagasana |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press) |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | 15 minute essay for BBC Radio 3 series on Women Writers to Put Back on the Booksehlf, focussing on Yolande Mukagasna. I wrote and recorded the essay exploring my experiences translating her work, arguing that her testimony should be taught alongside works from the Holocaust and more recent genocides. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| URL | https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m000fxx2 |
| Description | Being in Place: Here and Home Panel Discussion (Kigali Photo Fest) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Panel about "Being in Place: Here and Home". Speakers included Ugandan artist Bathsheba Okwenje, Rwandan artist (who grew up in DRC) Yves Manzi and Rwandan photographer Mussa Uwitonze. Event was chaired by Rwandan artist Natacha Muziramakenga who also grew up in DRC. It was held at the Rwanda Arts Initiative. I programmed this event for the Kigali Photo Fest. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.kigaliphotofest.com/ |
| Description | British Council workshop on participatory arts/heritage and development in post-conflict contexts |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | March 2018 workshop organised by Professor Paul Cooke (PI on AHRC GCRF grant Changing the Story) and Emily Morrison (British Council) with academics, CSOs and NGOs, discussing how to generate synergies across the numerous GCRF projects working in the area, in order to try and maximise their long term impact. Involved brief presentations from participants, networking and discussion of future plans. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Commemoration, Memory, Archive Conference at University of Sussex (September 2018) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Chaired Claver Irakoze's Keynote about the Genocide Archive in Rwanda. Have since discussed ways to collaborate with Claver and create connections between Rwandan photographers and Rwandan memory practices relating to genocide. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | http://www.sussex.ac.uk/scv/symposia/commem |
| Description | Convened and chaired "Responding to Crisis through the Arts: Nigeria, Rwanda, Uganda" at King's College London |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Chaired a panel with Andrew Esiebo, DeLovie Kwagala and Injonge Karangwa exploring how the visual arts responded to COVID in different African Countries. Panel discussion took place online and received an international audience. Formed part of Africa Week, led by the African Leadership Centre at King's. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| URL | https://www.kcl.ac.uk/events/series/africa-week |
| Description | Curator's Tour of Kandt House Museum (Kigali Photo Fest) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Planned Curator's Tour of Kandt House Museum, one of the festival exhibition venues in Kigali. Because curator was unwell, in practice the tour was led by festival founders Jacques Nkinzingabo and Kibuuka Mukisa. I programmed this event for the Kigali Photo Fest. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.kigaliphotofest.com/ |
| Description | Drawing on Survivor Voices to Teach the 1994 Genocide Against the Tutsi in Secondary Schools |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | Online event with genocide survivor and educator to discuss how to approach teaching the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda. Produced in partnership with Ishami Foundation and Genocide80Twenty. Session included: * Welcome from Ishami Foundation Chair Dr Zoe Norridge of King's College London * Introduction from Eric Murangwa Eugene MBE, Ishami Foundation CEO and genocide survivor, discussing how his personal story links to genocide education * Andy Lawrence, History teacher at Hampton School on how to build knowledge and confidence in the classroom when discussing genocide * Alphonsine Kabagabo, genocide survivor, educational NGO consultant and SURF trustee on working with survivor testimony in the classroom * Jo Ingabire Moys, Co-Founder of the Ishami Foundation and leader of the 100 Stories project, launching new materials drawing on creative writing techniques for English, History and Politics teachers * Time for audience Q&A and Discussion |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| URL | https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/teaching-the-1994-genocide-against-the-tutsi-in-rwanda-in-secondary-s... |
| Description | Emotional Support Workshop for Speakers with Personal Experience of Genocide |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Convened workshop at King's College London with the Ishami Foundation to address emotional support needs identified during the earlier talk with Professor Jean Pierre Dusingizemungu. Workshop was facilitated by Maggie Ziegler, an experienced psychotherapist who was just returning from two months in Rwanda and who has extensive experience working with the Education team at the Kigali Genocide Memorial. Attendees included genocide survivors, diaspora and witnesses from Rwanda and survivors of the ongoing genocide in Darfur. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Faces We Lost Film Screening and Q&A (Kigali Photo Fest) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Film screening of Piotr Cieplak's film about the family photographs of survivors, The Faces We Lost, at the Goethe Institute, Kigali. Followed by a Q&A with Rwandan survivor and archivist Paul Rukesha and Rwandan assistant director Dusabejambo Marie Clementine, chaired by Zoe Norridge. I programmed this event for the Kigali Photo Fest. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.kigaliphotofest.com/ |
| Description | GCRF Workshop on Mobilising Histories of Discrimination, Persecution and Genocide to make progress towards the SDGs (Johannesburg, May 2018) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Workshop at the Holocaust and Genocide Museum in Johannesburg convened by Professor Stuart Taberner to bring together academics and practitioners from a diverse range of heritage, memorial and educational institutions from many different countries. Participants presented their work, networked and discussed ways to address the SDGs. This particular workshop lead to the development of relationships between myself, Rwandan photographers I work with and KLA Arts in Uganda. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Genocide and the Politics of Memory event at Wiener Holocaust Library |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Co-convened and chaired an event with Ishami Foundation and Weiner Library: "Kwibuka 27 - Genocide and the Politics of Memory in Rwanda" featuring Rwandan genocide survivors Omar Ndizeye and Alice Musabende alongside academic Professor Phil Clark. Event took place online on April 15th 2021. We discussed memory practices and the impact of genocide denial on survivors. At the time, whilst commemoration was still virtual, this was both sensitive and urgent. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | https://wienerholocaustlibrary.org/event/virtual-event-kwibuka-27-genocide-and-the-politics-of-memor... |
| Description | Hamwe Festival (Rwanda) Panel on Pandemic Photography |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Participated in panel on pandemic photography with two Nigerian photographers, Andrew Esiebo and Aisha Bada. Hamwe is an in person and online public-facing festival run by the University of Global Health Equity in Rwanda to explore connections between the creative industries and global health. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | https://ughe.org/hamwe2021 |
| Description | Holocaust Memorial Day Event 2019: Torn From Home (January 2019) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | "Torn from Home" panel discussion organised by my PhD student Anna Katila with my support (mentoring, networks, financial). Speakers included: Jo Ingabire (Writer, Film-maker, Survivor, Co-founder of the Ishami Foundation) Dr Milena Michalski (Researcher and Artist in Residence for the KCL Art & Reconciliation Project) Professor James Gow (Professor of International Peace and Security, KCL) Dr Ayala Maurer-Prager (Completing Doctoral Candidate at UCL) |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/holocaust-memorial-day-event-torn-from-home-panel-discussion-tickets-... |
| Description | Holocaust Memorial Day Trust Partnership Working Group |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Third sector organisations |
| Results and Impact | I attend the HMDT Partnership Working Group on behalf of the Ishami Foundation (with or in the place of Eric Murangwa Eugene). This involves sharing Ishami Foundation activities and responding to the activities and questions of others. It is a platform for building in consideration of the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda into genocide education activities across the UK and internationally. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | In Conversation with Gael Faye and Sarah Ardizzone at Caravansérail |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Chaired conversation with Gaël Faye and his translator Sarah Ardizzone about his prize-winning novel Petit Pays (Small Country). Gael is a Rwandan-French musician and writer who grew up in Burundi and now lives in Kigali. The audience included many Rwandans and Burundians. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Ishami Foundation Website |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Website supporting the Ishami Foundation's work in the UK and Rwanda. Site has been used as a reference point for the general public and is generating enquiries for speakers, attendance at events and collaborations. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | https://ishamifoundation.org/ |
| Description | KLA Art Grammar of Images Workshop in Kampala (August 2018) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Attendance at workshop discussing the production, circulation and aesthetics of images in East Africa. Provided the opportunity to arrange meetings with Jacques Nkinzingabo and staff at KLA Art, building connections between the Kigali Center for Photography and KLA Art. Jacques and I also met with Kibuuka Mukisa, Ugandan photographer, who is co-organising the Kigali Photo Festival with Jacques. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | https://klaart.org/ |
| Description | Kigali Center for Photography COVID-19 Assistance for Rwandan Photographers Affected by COVID-19 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Kigali Center for Photography and I ran a call for photographers unable to work due to COVID-19 to propose small personal projects to pursue with financial support (RWF280,000 per photographer) with a view to giving an insight into Rwandans' lived experience of the pandemic. The money provided to photographers for commissioned projects provided a financial lifeline at a time when they found themselves suddenly without income. Many have produced exciting work and one in particular, Jean Bizimana, used his project generated with this commission to successfully apply for the prestigious Magnum Social Justice Fellowship. This project spent funds that would have otherwise been dedicated to in person collaborations in Summer 2020 which were no longer possible because of travel restrictions. When we have curated all the projects into one resource we will add as an artistic output on ReearchFish. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| Description | Kwibuka 25 Commemoration with Mayor of London at City Hall |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Commemoration ceremony for London schools, City Hall employees, Rwandan diaspora living in and near London, friends of Rwanda, researchers and NGOs engaged with Rwanda and relevant politicians and policy makers. Speakers included Rwandan survivors, Rwandan High Commissioner, Mayor of London, Rwandan expert Linda Melvern, Rwandan community representative and Eric Murangwa Eugene and myself Zoe Norridge on behalf of the Ishami Foundation. Funding was provided mostly from King's College London but event drew on networks and collaborations built through the AHRC Leadership Fellowship. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Kwibuka Rwanda presentation at CHCI Annual Meeting in Dublin |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | "Kwibuka Rwanda: Remembering the 1994 Genocide Against the Tutsi", invited speaker for the CHCI Annual Meeting on "Cultural Interventions" at Trinity College Dublin in June 2019. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://chcinetwork.org/2019-annual-meeting/2019-meeting-program |
| Description | Nature Photography: Gael Ruboneka Vande Weghe (Kigali Photo Fest) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Nature Photography talk by Rwandan photographer Gael Ruboneka Vande Weghe at Rwanda Arts Initiative. I programmed this event for the Kigali Photo Fest. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.kigaliphotofest.com/ |
| Description | Not My Time to Die book launch at Africa Writes London |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | First UK launch of my translation of Yolande Mukagasana's Not My Time to Die at the Royal African Society's Africa Writes Festival at the British Library, London. Panel included Yolande Mukagasana (author), Louise Umutoni (publisher) and myself and was chaired by writer Véronique Tadjo. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.yolandemukagasana.com/ |
| Description | Not My Time to Die book launch at King's College London |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | King's College London launch of my translation of Yolande Mukagasana's Not My Time to Die. Panel included Yolande Mukagasana (author), Louise Umutoni (publisher), Eric Murangwa Eugene MBE and myself and was chaired by translator and academic Dr Wangui wa Goro. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.yolandemukagasana.com/ |
| Description | Not My Time to Die book launch in Bristol |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Bristol launch of my translation of Yolande Mukagasana's Not My Time to Die at Max Minerva's Bookshop. Panel included Yolande Mukagasana (author), Louise Umutoni (publisher) and myself and was chaired by Bristol University academic Dr Ruth Bush. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.yolandemukagasana.com/ |
| Description | Not My Time to Die book launch in Edinburgh |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Edinburgh launch of my translation of Yolande Mukagasana's Not My Time to Die at Lighthouse Bookshop. Panel included Yolande Mukagasana (author), Louise Umutoni (publisher) and myself and was chaired by St Andrew's academic Nicki Hitchcott who was also launching her own collection of testimony from Rwanda. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.yolandemukagasana.com/ |
| Description | Not My Time to Die book launch in Kigali |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Book Launch for my translation of Yolande Mukagasana's Not My Time to Die in Rwanda two days before the start of the 25th commemoration of the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi. Packed audience of Rwandans working in the arts, commemoration and policy, alongside international visitors at the Kigali Public Library. Evening included musical readings from the book and discussion with author and translator hosted by Director of Ishyo Arts, Carole Karemera. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Oxford Kwibuka 24 (assisting planning, chairing panel discussion at commemoration) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Provided assistance connecting Dr Julia Viebach (Oxford University) with other Rwandan survivor organisations in the UK and with the Rwandan High Commission through Ishami Foundation networks. Provided feedback on materials in development for exhibition curated by Julia Viebach at the Pitt Rivers Museum. Chaired panel discussion about memory during the Kwibuka 24 commemoration service at Mansfield College Chapel tied to the Pitt Rivers exhibition. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | https://prm.web.ox.ac.uk/kwibuka-rwanda |
| Description | Participation in panel at Imperial War Museum panel on Humanitarian Photography |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Participated in a roundtable discussion on humanitarian photography with an international photographer, former NGO photo editor and academics. Audience included photographers, NGO photo editors and academics/ |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | http://www.timhetheringtontrust.org/news-and-calendar/2021/09/tim-hetherington-collection-conflict-i... |
| Description | Presentation of Recent Research and Artistic Collaborations to Holocaust Memorial Day Trust Staff |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Third sector organisations |
| Results and Impact | Presentation of research into the importance of Rwandan authorship when telling narrative about the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda to the Holocaust Memorial Day Trust staff who design and deliver Holocaust Memorial Day to schools, universities and the wider public, every year on January 27th. Presentation included staff reading a chapter from my translation of Yolande Mukagasana's forthcoming testimony Not My Time to Die in advance and discussing it in relation to my research on Rwandan photography. The aim was to influence the ways in which HMDT commission and conceptualise cultural responses to genocide in Rwanda. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | https://www.hmd.org.uk/ |
| Description | Reflections on 'Our Lady of Kibeho' at Stratford East Theatre |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Participation in a free public-facing panel about the play Our Lady of Kibeho (set in Rwanda) as part of the Roundabout public engagement festival at the Stratford East Theatre. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | http://www.stratfordeast.com/whats-on/all-shows/celebrating-rwanda-today-panel-talk |
| Description | Remembering Bisi Silva: Celebrating African Curators (Kigali Photo Fest) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Event to commemorate the death of influential Nigerian curator Bisi Silva who had mentored festival founder Jacques Nkinzingabo. Speakers were all artists and included Nkinzingabo, Crista Uwase, Robinah Nansubuga and Natacha Muziramakenga. Event was chaired by festival co-founder Kibuuka Mukisa Oscar. I programmed this event for the Kigali Photo Fest. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.kigaliphotofest.com/ |
| Description | Rwanda after 1994: Stories of Change Conference Presentation (July 2018) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Paper entitled "Fashion, Fantasy and Imagination: Pieter Hugo, Stromae and Cedric Mizero" at conference organised by Professor Nicki Hitchcott for her Stories of Change AHRC grant. Many Rwandan artists and academics were present. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | http://rwandan.wp.st-andrews.ac.uk/conference/ |
| Description | Rwandan Commemoration Presentation at Ministry for Housing, Communities and Local Government (April 2018) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | I was invited by Holocuast Memorial Day Trust to present on commemoration practices in Rwanda at their event to commemorate Kwibuka 24 at the Ministry for Housing, Communities and Local Government. The event also served as a launch event for the HMD theme for 2019: "Torn from Home". Audience was civil servants. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Rwandan High Commission and One Your World Panel: "Kwibuka 27 - Challenging Genocide Ideology and Denial" |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Chairing event for the Rwandan High Commission in the UK and One Young World programme "Kwibuka 27 - Challenging Genocide Ideology and Denial" on April 29th 2021. The panel included Her Excellency Yamina Karitanyi, the Rwandan High Commissioner to the UK, Right Hon MP Andrew Mitchell and Hippolyte Ntigurirwa. At the time the topic was highly sensitive and distressing many genocide survivors both in Rwanda and the diaspora. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | https://www.oneyoungworld.com/event/kwibuka27-discussion-29april |
| Description | Rwandan Perspectives Aegis Trust Capacity Building Conference (May 2018) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Was a Chair and Respondent for a panel at this Aegis Trust, King's College London conference for Rwandan academics. Out of this conference I am developing further partnerships with a Rwandan academic and activist for an AHRC GCRF Network Plus funding application (I'm Co-I). |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Sequencing Storytelling Masterclass with Carol Allen Storey in Kigali (Kigali Photo Fest) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Sequencing Storytelling Masterclass for professional and aspiring photographers with renowned photojournalist Carol Allen Storey in Kigali, Rwanda. Workshop focussed on storytelling techniques and took place at the arts centre Kurema Kureba Kwiga. I programmed this event for the Kigali Photo Fest. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.kigaliphotofest.com/ |
| Description | Series of eight events and workshops to accompany Wasafiri Special Issue: Transformative Testimonies |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | In December 2020, Wasafiri launched issue 104: Human Rights Cultures, co-edited by myself and Billy Kahora, coming out of this grant. The special issue explored writing in the wake of political crisis and opened up conversations and connections between literatures, writers, and creatives from four countries: Rwanda, Kenya, Colombia, and Argentina. The Transformative Testimonies series built on this special issue with a multi-country, multilingual, digital programme in May 2021. It united writers from South America and East Africa in eight events that affirmed the power of writing for those responding to, remembering, and healing from collective catastrophe. Billy Kahora and I worked closely with the Wasafiri team to curate the programme of events and will feature in it, alongside such internationally renowned, award-winning writers as Scholastique Mukasonga, Inés Garland, Yvonne Adhiambo Owuor, and Selva Almada, and exciting new names including Leo Boix and Daniel Ferreira. In addition, I chaired the panel on the Boundaries of Reality featuring Argentine novelist Selva Almada, Colombian filmmaker Liliany Obando, Rwandan playwright and actor Ery Nzaramba and Kenyan poet and filmmaker Ngwatilo Mawiyoo. We worked with simultaneous translators to make the event accessible to audiences in all four countries under discussion. Details are here: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/transformative-testimonies-boundaries-of-reality-tickets-151862800725# And the video of the event can be viewed here: https://youtu.be/SzOTn4fiUmg We reached audiences of artists across the world, including in East Africa and Latin America. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | https://www.wasafiri.org/transformative-testimonies-writing-and-human-rights-2021/ |
| Description | Talk at Why Remember? Conference in Sarajevo as part of WARM Festival (June 2018) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Gave paper entitled: "Between Living and Seeing: Ruins, Remains and Memories of the 1994 Genocide Against the Tutsi in Rwanda" on a panel about "Image Experiments" in post-conflict countries. This was at a conference about memory in Bosnia that formed part of the WARM festival in Sarajevo. I also took the chance to visit Srebrenica and build networks for thinking about transnational genocide remembrance (for example a Bosnian filmmaker met during this trip participated in the #Genocide70 campaign). |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Transmission of Trauma and Resilience Patterns talk with IBUKA President Professor Jean Pierre Dusingizemungu (September 2018) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | I convened this talk and discussion session with the President of IBUKA in Rwanda, Professor Jean Pierre Dusingizemungu to discuss the challenges facing survivors of the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda in their storytelling practices and other responses to genocide in Rwanda and the UK. Event was organised in partnership with the Ishami Foundation and audience included many Rwandan survivors. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Women in Photography: Where are we? (Kigali Photo Fest) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Panel discussion "Women in Photography: Where are we?" at Innovation Village on the top floor of the Kigali Public Library. Panel includedl: Nadège Imbabazi Karemera (Rwanda), Sarah Waiswa (Uganda/Kenya), Carol Allen Storey (US), Liz Hingley (UK), Chrystal Ding (China/UK), chaired by Joan Mazimhaka (Rwanda). I programmed this event for the Kigali Photo Fest. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.kigaliphotofest.com/ |