Advancing Feminist and Creative Methods for Sensing Air and Atmosphere

Lead Research Organisation: Royal Holloway University of London
Department Name: Geography

Abstract

The environmental emergencies of our time require thinking and working across disciplines, engaging communities and privileging multiple forms of knowledge, from the sensual to the scientific. Whether by forming new networks across cultural, academic and public spheres, or utilising citizen-science and open data practices, researchers are challenging black-boxed environmental knowledge making. However, doing so does not come hand in hand with equity and justice, and creative-arts practice is rarely recognised as a legitimate contribution to environmental monitoring programmes.

The aim of this fellowship is to advance feminist and creative methodologies for citizen-led research on i) air quality in the Global South and ii) weather patterns in the Global North. In addition to exploring the value of creative and feminist approaches for environmental sensing in an era of climate change, the fellowship will enhance the capabilities of the PI through developing new skillsets and networks, growing academic and non-academic partnerships and supporting the PI's first significant community-driven research in the Global South.

Air quality science has made vital contributions to public health. Yet, often the readings of expensive instruments overshadow testimonies by communities or attempts to foreground the aesthetics of air in the lived experience of bodies. These issues are exacerbated by the notion that quantified datasets are the ultimate arbiters of environmental relations. This fellowship will evolve an Argentina based collaboration between the PI, anthropologist Dr. Débora Swistun (UNDAV), residents of Villa Inflamable (the 'Flammable town', situated next to the largest petrochemical facility in Argentina) and the artistic Aerocene Community, among others, to develop a model of air quality sensing informed by feminist principles and creative-arts methods. This will involve co-authoring an 'Air Sensing Handbook' to guide citizen-led air sensing; codesigning air quality monitoring devices with Aerocene and Villa Inflamable community members and using participatory workshops to elicit embodied and historical knowledge on air quality.

Increasingly abnormal weather systems as well as proposals to engineer 'better weather' demand renewed public engagement with weather. These issues are addressed in open-weather, a feminist and creative practice-driven initiative co-founded by the PI and activist Sophie Dyer. Using DIY radio technology, open-weather facilitates direct access to transmissions from weather satellites. Having validated the project's hardware requirements through a residency in 2020-21, the fellowship will enable the PI to codesign new software for citizen-led weather monitoring and grow open-weather on an international scale through cultural venues and community science networks.

The fellowship will be delivered through three work packages of activities:
1) Sensing Air Quality in the Global South: developing feminist and creative methods for community-led air sensing in Villa Inflamable, Argentina.
2) Weather Monitoring in the Global North: developing feminist and creative methods for citizen-led weather monitoring in the USA, UK and CA.
3) Reporting and Advocacy: surveying the field and sharing creative, feminist approaches to citizen-led environmental sensing through cultural venues and community science platforms.

Working with two partners (Aerocene; Public Lab) and two collaborators (Sophie Dyer; Dr. Débora Swistun) activities will:
i) Develop emerging research methods through participatory feminist workshops informed by creative and codesign practices
ii) Build new research networks through public events, exhibitions and open-access resources
iii) Engage international, academic and non-academic partners and audiences
iv) Enhance the research capabilities of PI by supporting PI's first community-driven research in the Global South and first management of a larger research grant

Publications

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Engelmann S (2023) Floating in space: teaching atmosphere in human geography in Journal of Geography in Higher Education

 
Title Performative talk for Sonic Acts Biennial: Leaving Traces 
Description Last year, on the first day of the COP26 climate conference in Glasgow, a network of people operating DIY satellite ground stations around the world captured a collective snapshot of the Earth and its weather systems: a 'nowcast' for an undecided future. Tuning into transmissions from three orbiting National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) satellites, volunteers collected imagery and submitted field notes from their geographical locations. Combined, these contributions generated a feminist and fractal image of the earth, and a record of conditions of climate crisis from Buenos Aires to Kinshasa to London. As open-weather we ask: What does it mean to collectively image the earth, and in doing so, reimagine the planet? 
Type Of Art Artefact (including digital) 
Year Produced 2022 
Impact The performative talk was attended by 200 people in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and was later viewed by 212 people online on Youtube. The talk inspired practitioners to contact Engelmann and Dyer to learn how to set up their own DIY satellite ground stations using resources developed by Engelmann and Dyer and shared in the online talk. The open-weather network grew as a result of the performative talk. 
URL https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hrxRB9kUGtU
 
Title When I image the earth, I imagine another 
Description What would it mean to collectively image, and in doing so, reimagine the planet? To see its details and patterns from many situated positions? If we could each take a photo of our home from space, could we build a patchwork, an impossible view, another whole earth? On the first day of the COP26 climate conference in Glasgow, a network of people operating DIY satellite ground stations around the world captured a collective snapshot of the earth and its weather systems: a 'nowcast' for an undecided future. Tuning into transmissions from three National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) satellites orbiting 800 km above Earth's surface, members of the network collected imagery and submitted field notes from their different locations. Combined, these contributions create a fractal image of the earth: a record of weather at different scales in which alternative patterns and relations emerge. This book, created by open-weather (Sophie Dyer and Sasha Engelmann) and Rectangle (Lizzie Malcolm and Daniel Powers) is an archive of the nowcast and a set of lenses on the materials that compose it. 
Type Of Art Artwork 
Year Produced 2023 
Impact Hundreds of viewers have 'borrowed' the book on Library Stack 60+ attendees at the book launch The book is being used in syllabi and artistic curricula 
URL https://www.librarystack.org/when-i-image-the-earth-i-imagine-another/
 
Description British Academy Talent Development Award
Amount £9,874 (GBP)
Funding ID TDA23/230085 
Organisation The British Academy 
Sector Academic/University
Country United Kingdom
Start 03/2024 
End 02/2025
 
Description Open Science Hardware Foundation grant
Amount £5,700 (GBP)
Organisation Alfred P. Sloan Foundation 
Sector Charity/Non Profit
Country United States
Start 01/2024 
End 01/2025
 
Title New Submission Pipeline for Open-weather Archive 
Description Together with Sophie Dyer and Rectangle Studio I developed a new submission pipeline for citizen contributions to the open-weather archive. This replaces a Google Form submission form that was previously used from 2020-2023. 
Type Of Material Improvements to research infrastructure 
Year Produced 2024 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact More streamlined submission to the open-weather archive Collecting of key information from users and contributors 
 
Title Open-weather satellite image decoder 
Description Together with Sophie Dyer, radio amateur Bill Liles, programmer Grayson Earl and design studio Rectangle, I designed and developed a new web-based open source satellite image decoder called 'open-weather apt'. This decoder is hosted publicly on the open-weather website and is used by all DIY satellite ground station workshop participants as well as members of the public and radio amateur communities to decode WAV files collected from NOAA satellites into downloadable images. 
Type Of Material Improvements to research infrastructure 
Year Produced 2022 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact Easy access to a web-based satellite image decoder that does not require a software download Numerous kinds of users and audiences using the tool on the open-weather website Sharing of open source code on Github for use and modification by others Use in workshops 
URL https://apt.open-weather.community/
 
Title Open-weather Public Archive 
Description The open-weather archive is a public repository of hundreds of satellite images, field notes on weather conditions and photographs of open-weather ground station operators and their environments. It was launched in 2020 and has grown substantially since 2022. The archive is currently hosted on Google Sheets but it will be migrated to a Wordpress content management system in Spring 2024. 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2020 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact The public archive has enabled members of the open-weather network and the wider public to view, read and engage with contributions from individual ground station operators all around the world. 
URL https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1GqYHJaWXC9SpqHUL2Hv4tegewwT0_CkPbe3wIFt4IgE/edit#gid=0
 
Description DIY Satellite Ground Station Workshop 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact DIY Satellite Ground Station workshops are 1-2 day events in which Sasha Engelmann and Sophie Dyer work with a small group of people to learn how to set up DIY satellite ground stations to receive images from weather satellites using cheap or inexpensive radio equipment and free software. The workshop also includes critical reflection on earth imaging from feminist perspectives. Dyer and I led 2 x 1-day workshops at the Centre for Research Architecture at Goldsmiths University in March 2023 and February 2024. On both occasions, all practitioners learned how to use DIY equipment to capture images from weather satellites and they continued to do so in the future, after each workshop. Conversations in the workshop have since led to possible future collaborations. Participants in the workshop have expressed interest in joining the open-weather network.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
 
Description DIY Satellite Ground Station Workshop (Het Lage Noorden, NL) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact DIY Satellite Ground Station workshops are 1-2 day events in which Sasha Engelmann and Sophie Dyer work with a small group of people to learn how to set up DIY satellite ground stations to receive images from weather satellites using cheap or inexpensive radio equipment and free software. The workshop also includes critical reflection on earth imaging from feminist perspectives.

Dyer and I led a DIY Satellite Ground Station workshop at the 'Stars in their Eyes' programme for students at the Dutch Design School KaBK hosted at the artist residency site Het Lage Noorden in Friesland, NL. Fourteen masters students attended along with their lecturer. All practitioners left the workshop with the ability to use DIY tools and radio technologies to capture images from low-earth orbiting satellites. Conversations in the workshop have since led to possible future collaborations. Some members of the workshop have expressed interest in joining the open-weather network.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
URL https://open-weather.community/stars-in-their-eyes/
 
Description DIY Satellite Ground Station Workshop (Nieuwe Instituut) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact DIY Satellite Ground Station workshops are 1-2 day events in which Sasha Engelmann and Sophie Dyer work with a small group of people to learn how to set up DIY satellite ground stations to receive images from weather satellites using cheap or inexpensive radio equipment and free software. The workshop also includes critical reflection on earth imaging from feminist perspectives.

Dyer and I led a DIY Satellite Ground Station workshop at the Nieuwe Instituut, Rotterdam. Six selected creative practitioners attended. All practitioners left the workshop with the ability to use DIY tools and radio technologies to capture images from low-earth orbiting satellites. A DIY satellite ground station kit was donated to the Nieuwe Instituut. Material from this workshop was later exhibited at the launch of the Digital Culture Lab in Rotterdam, in October 2023. The conversations in the workshop have since led to possible collaborations.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
URL https://open-weather.community/category/workshop/
 
Description DIY Satellite Ground Station Workshop (Peak Peers, Wales) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact DIY Satellite Ground Station workshops are 1-2 day events in which Sasha Engelmann and Sophie Dyer work with a small group of people to learn how to set up DIY satellite ground stations to receive images from weather satellites using cheap or inexpensive radio equipment and free software. The workshop also includes critical reflection on earth imaging from feminist perspectives.

Dyer and I led a DIY Satellite Ground Station workshop at the Peak Peers programme for young artists in Abergavenny, Wales. Twelve creative practitioners attended. All practitioners left the workshop with the ability to use DIY tools and radio technologies to capture images from low-earth orbiting satellites. Conversations in the workshop have since led to possible future collaborations. Some members of the workshop have expressed interest in joining the open-weather network.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
URL https://open-weather.community/peak-peers/
 
Description DIY Satellite Ground Station Workshop (Radio Web MACBA, Barcelona) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact DIY Satellite Ground Station workshops are 1-2 day events in which Sasha Engelmann and Sophie Dyer work with a small group of people to learn how to set up DIY satellite ground stations to receive images from weather satellites using cheap or inexpensive radio equipment and free software. The workshop also includes critical reflection on earth imaging from feminist perspectives.

Dyer and I led a DIY Satellite Ground Station workshop at Radio Web MACBA at the MACBA museum in Barcelona, Spain. Twelve creative practitioners, curators and students attended. All practitioners left the workshop with the ability to use DIY tools and radio technologies to capture images from low-earth orbiting satellites. Conversations in the workshop have since led to possible future collaborations. Some members of the workshop have expressed interest in joining the open-weather network.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
URL https://open-weather.community/workshop-radio-web-macba/
 
Description DIY Satellite Ground Station Workshop (Rhode Island School of Design, USA) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact DIY Satellite Ground Station workshops are 1-2 day events in which Sasha Engelmann and Sophie Dyer work with a small group of people to learn how to set up DIY satellite ground stations to receive images from weather satellites using cheap or inexpensive radio equipment and free software. The workshop also includes critical reflection on earth imaging from feminist perspectives.

Dyer and I led an online DIY Satellite Ground Station workshop two train two professors at the Rhode Island School of Design and one teacher / professor based in Kyiv, Ukraine. All practitioners sourced their equipment independently in advance of the workshop. The aim of this workshop was to provide these three other teachers / professors the tools to lead DIY satellite ground station workshops on their own with their students in the USA and Ukraine respectively. Conversations in the workshop have since led to possible future collaborations. All members of the workshop have expressed interest in joining the open-weather network.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
URL https://open-weather.community/teacher-training/
 
Description Workshop at Croydon School for Girls 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Schools
Results and Impact In September 2023, Engelmann led two workshop events at Croydon School for Girls. In the workshop, Engelmann worked with a group of 11-16 year old girls to teach them how to set up their own DIY satellite ground stations to receive images from NOAA weather satellites. The girls purchased or were given their own equipment that they continued to use after the workshop for the coming years.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023