Kafka's Transformative Communities

Since his untimely death, Franz Kafka (1883-1924) has become a global phenomenon. Over the past century, every generation has discovered 'its' Kafka; across seismic shifts his texts have spoken to readers from all walks of life, as reflected during the Covid pandemic, when memes about Gregor Samsa trapped in his bedroom went viral. Both Kafka and his protagonists are often cast as isolated entities existentially disconnected from their surroundings. Kafka's Transformative Communities challenges this image by foregrounding a central but neglected aspect of his work: community. Community is a constant thread in Kafka's writings, from his earliest texts to his artistic testament, 'Josefine, die Sängerin oder Das Volk der Mäuse' (Josefine, the Singer or The Mouse-People) whose artist protagonist is defined by her (often strained) relationship with the collective. Our project uses Kafka's engagement with community as the springboard for a distinctive engagement with his texts, contexts and legacy. Over the past century his works have been received by countless 'interpretive communities' (Stanley Fish) across the globe, which have responded to his works in diverse, locally specific ways. In Kafka research, however, such collective responses are often sidelined, as the story of his afterlife tends to revolve around individuals - Borges, Derrida, Orson Welles - rather than collectives. Our project redresses this balance. Building on Fish's original concept, we put a particular emphasis on different 'creative communities', where textual interpretation is complemented by creative transformation.

Our project is structured along three interrelated themes. First, the Community theme explores how Kafka's literary depiction of groups and collectives is shaped by, and in turn responds to, the central role of community in his immediate Jewish and wider Austro-Hungarian context. Widening the project's spatial and temporal focus, the second theme, Worldliness, focusses on Kafka's role as a world author, looking at his reception in different times and places, while relating this status back to his own writings - his engagement with the power dynamics of a globalising world, in an age of colonialism, war and empire. Third, the Transformation theme assesses Kafka's posthumous legacy in different art forms and media and their respective audiences. Our project does not treat such creative responses as an afterthought but as forms of investigation and interpretation in their own right. To explore them, we have forged creative partnerships with a number of leading artists and cultural institutions with whom we will collaborate on the production of new artworks in narrative, music, sound and dance.

These partnerships are central to the impact of our project in academia and beyond. Two conferences, Kafka Transformed (2024) and Kafka in the World: Life, Death and Afterlife (2025), will take stock of Kafka's legacy while connecting scholars from different disciplines around the world. Travel bursaries will encourage the participation particularly of freelance artists, Early Career Researchers and academics based in emerging economies. These conferences are central to our aim of building a broad and inclusive research community, as facilitated by the launch of a new Global Kafka Network. Hosted by our new Digital Kafka Resource on our Oxford Kafka Research Centre website, it will connect people working on and with Kafka around the world, facilitating collaboration across disciplines, media and institutions.
Our ambitious PER programme puts the experience of general readers, and of different groups and communities, centre stage. Our Digital Kafka Resource will also host accessible podcasts, blogs, videos and interactive content aimed particularly at younger audiences. School workshops, study days and essay competitions delivered by the core team in collaboration with our partners will introduce Kafka to a new generation of readers.