Potato PCN Resistance: Cloning effective resistances against potato cyst nematodes

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Potato Cyst Nematodes (PCN) are a persistent threat to potato production and could lead to the demise of the UK's seed potato industry in the next 10 years if not controlled. Resistances against the PCN species Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida are available in selected cultivars, but the genes, H1 (G. rostochiensis) and Gpa5 and/or Gpa4 (G. pallida), that underpin these resistances remain elusive.

Using state of the art genetics and genomics, our evidence strongly supports that H1, Gpa5 and Gpa4 are members of the NLR gene family. To specifically study NLRs, this consortium has jointly developed RenSeq-based technologies that enable the rapid identification of candidates for these resistances. Using existing RenSeq data from 380 cultivars and breeding clones alongside established computational approaches for SMRT-AgRenSeq-based analysis, we have identified five candidates for H1 and nine candidates for Gpa5. For Gpa4, we have in place populations and phenotypic information that will enable similar studies and can draw on resources from our partners Solynta and Averis.

In addition to cloning H1, Gpa5 and Gpa4, this project aims to identify the corresponding PCN Avr genes. By comparing the effector repertoires of avirulent PCN populations, populations selected for virulence on these resistances, and recently identified virulent populations from the Netherlands, we will be able to identify Avr candidate and, simultaneously, virulent variants thereof.

This knowledge will aid the mechanistic understanding of host resistances against plant-parasitic nematodes. In addition, we will reach a position through these studies where we can facilitate the stacking of complimentary resistances and predict their durability in light of Avr gene diversity in the pathogen population. With the help of our commercial partners, PepsiCo, Solynta, Averis and the 2Blades foundation, we will be able to deliver impact for the international potato market.