The function of genes and cellular phenotypes in animal systems

Description	The function of genes and cellular phenotypes in animal systems. Toward the development of genome editing and transgenic technologies (Objective 2.1), we developed a high-fidelity CRISPR/Cas9 vector for single and multiplex editing and validated it in the chicken by targeting a SNP in FGF20, which is associated with a featherless phenotype. We also demonstrated that injection of edited primordial germ cells (PGCs) into developing embryos of our DDX4-/- female sterile recipient that lacks endogenous PGCs enables transmission of edits through the germ line with 100% efficiency. Novel transgenic chicken lines with broad utility have continued to be developed. A reporter for activity of a key developmental regulator, Notch, was exemplified in an investigation of early neural development (Baek et al. 2018), and embryos that express a red fluorescent protein were used to study the feather patterning mechanism in chicken skin (Ho et al. 2019). In addition to generating such transgenic lines expressing fluorescent proteins for research, we have also optimized and validated transgenic chicken bioreactor systems for lower cost production of pure, high quality, and biologically active proteins (Herron et al. 2018). This technology, together with the concept of a 'frozen aviary' based on archived PGCs that can be rescued in our sterile DDX4 knockout birds, generated significant industry co-funding and press interest. To enable predictions on the function of genes and regulatory elements from Theme 1 to be tested, we used CRISPR/Cas9-mediated recombination to develop rat and mouse embryonic stem cells that carry fluorescent reporters targeted to pluripotency (Rex1), endoderm (Gata 4), mesoderm (Brachyury) marker genes and Wnt signalling (TOPFLASH). In our investigations into the basic biology of pluripotent stem cell maintenance, we demonstrated that Leukaemia Inhibitory Factor-dependent survival of mouse embryonic stem cells under metabolic stress is regulated by a variant of the Gab1 signalling adaptor protein (Sutherland et al. 2018). We propagated pig induced-pluripotent stem cells, defined their differentiation potential, and found them to be amenable to editing and inducible transgene expression. We extended this work by reprogramming fibroblasts from the Red river hog into multipotent undifferentiated stem cells and generated functionally active macrophages in vitro from these and from domestic pig stem cells. The in vitro generated macrophages exhibit characteristics equivalent to the in vivo derived pig cells, including phagocytosis, marker expression and interactions with pathogens. This work provides a novel platform to study macrophage function and behaviour upon infection in a tractable and reproducible system, replacing use of intact animals or primary cells derived from them. With uplift funding, capital investment and support from this award, we are pioneering CRISPR/Cas9 editing of salmon embryos. We are investing BBSRC strategic funds to produce chicken and pig lines that constitutively express Cas9 to accelerate editing and permit somatic modification in vivo. Primed partly by uplift funding, staff funded by this award have validated sgRNA:Cas9 libraries for genome-scale mutagenesis of chicken, pig and cattle cell lines. Tools such as these will be applied in all three of our ongoing strategic programmes and prime collaborative research with academia and industry. We have also published a comprehensive review of genome engineering methodology and applications in livestock, including both genetic modification and genome editing (Tait-Burkard et al. 2018) and the award helps to keep Roslin at the forefront of this fast emerging field. In relation to development and function of the haematopoetic system (Objective 2.2.1), we made a CSF1R-mApple transgenic fluorescent reporter mouse that, in combination with fluorophore-conjugated colony-stimulating factor (CSF) or CSF1-Fc, defines the differentiation and CSF1-responsiveness of mononuclear phagocyte populations in situ (Hawley et al. 2018). We have created and characterised rats deficient in CSF1R (Pridans et al. 2018), finding that the pleiotropic impacts of the resulting macrophage loss on multiple organ systems in these rats are distinct from those in mice, providing a novel system in which to study the functions of CSF1R signalling in development, organogenesis and homeostasis. We also made significant contributions toward BBSRC Bioscience for Health strategic priorities by defining how ageing affects lymph node architecture and function in mice (Turner & Mabbott, 2017) and the migration and function of marginal zone B cells (Turner & Mabbott, 2017b). We have also advanced understanding of the basis of immune priming in chickens and the role of key regulatory factors. For example, we produced and characterised gene edited CSF1R knockout chickens. These birds lack macrophages and related myeloid cells and are osteopetrotic and show evidence of growth retardation. Unexpectedly, these CSF1R-/- birds also lack B-cells. These findings highlight unanticipated differences between avian and mammalian myeloid cell biology. In addition, we produced transgenic chickens in which GFP is expressed only in haematopoetic cells under the control of a minimal RUNX1 promoter and enhancer, as well as chickens that express Cre recombinase under the control of these elements to enable ablation of genes specifically in haematopoetic cells. Unexpectedly, we found that the RUNX1 reporter chicken enables us to identify and differentiate chicken granulocyte subsets (heterophils, basophils, eosinophils). We also used fluorophore-conjugated FLT3 ligand to label chicken dendritic cells (DCs) in situ, providing a potential means of targeting fused antigens to DCs to potentiate immunity. Together with our strategic programme on Control of Infectious Diseases, researchers funded by this award are producing FLT3 knockout chickens to define roles for DCs in avian immunity. We have found that some experimental inbred lines of chickens are deficient in conventional DCs, and are investigating the impact of natural FLT3 polymorphisms in inbred lines varying in resistance to pathogens. We have made specific immunological tools to identify and characterise chicken XCR1+ FLT3+ conventional DCs. Transcriptomic analysis of these cells indicates that they express a suite of genes that are highly conserved with their mammalian equivalent cell populations (Hu et al. 2019). Furthermore, these lineage specific genes indicate that they are specialised for antigen cross-presentation. CSF1R-transgenic reporter chickens have been used to characterise the phenotype and functional differences in myeloid subpopulations from different anatomical locations. We show that not all subpopulations of macrophages express the CSF1R-transgene, examples being Kupffer cells in the liver and intraepithelial phagocytes in the bursa (Hu et al. 2019). As these CSF1R-transgene negative phagocytes do express CSF1R protein, this indicates an additional level of CSF1R transcriptional regulation that is not captured by the regulatory elements included in the CSF1R-transgene. In the spleen, we have identified at least 5 subpopulations of CSF1R-transgene+ cells based on co-expression of MHC II, CD11, Tim4 and MRC1L-B. The vast heterogeneity of these subsets in healthy animals was further based on transcriptomic analysis of these subpopulations. Functional differences between the subpopulations were found based on their phagocytic capacity of model antigens in vivo and in vitro. In relation to gut function (Objective 2.2.2), we reported in Nature Communications that CSF1R-dependent macrophages provide essential homeostatic support to intestinal stem cells, influencing intestinal epithelial differentiation and homeostasis, with implications for the ability of the gut to sample antigens (Sehgal et al. 2018). We have created and characterised bovine enteroid "mini gut" cultures (Hamilton et al. 2018) providing a novel animal replacement system in which to study infectious agents and the roles of specific genes in the development and function of the bovine gut epithelium. We have begun to transfer this technology to produce gut organoids from pigs and chickens. We also investigated the role of TALPID3 in development of the enteric nervous system, using a spontaneous mutant chicken line held at Roslin. In relation to reproductive health (Objective 2.2.3), we demonstrated that the miR-183-96-182 cluster is essential for luteal cell survival and progesterone production (Mohammed et al. 2017), building on our identification of specific circulating miRNA signatures of early pregnancy in cattle (Ioannidis & Donadeu, 2017). These data are being used to develop novel diagnostic approaches to increase reproductive efficiency and milk production, including novel pen-side tests with ISCF Seeding Award funding. We are using gene editing technology to mutate two genes hypothesised to be important in sex determination and in germ cell development in chicken. We have generated lines of birds for both gene mutations using our DDX4-/- surrogate host breeding system and are breeding these mutations to homozygosity. We have found that these genes are crucial for gonadal sex identity in birds and are assessing the morphological and molecular effects of these gene mutations on gonadal development. Production of these birds for study directly from gene edited primordial germ cells using our surrogate host technology is invaluable for studying these genes with likely dosage-sensitive and therefore dominant effects on fertility. This approach also greatly reduces the numbers of non-edited animals produced in the breeding programme, which would otherwise be in large excess. This represents an advance of 3R principles in relation to animal use. The award has supported research on the regulation of calcification in mice (Objective 2.2.4), which has shown that PHOSPHO1 is essential for bone mineralisation including during bone fracture repair (Morcos et al. 2018), that FGF2 promotes osteocyte differentiation through increased E11/podoplanin expression (Ikpegbu et al. 2018), and that SOCS2 deletion protects bone health in a model of inflammatory bowel disease (Dobie et al. 2018). We have established for the first time the precise role of osteoblastic ENPP1 in the mineralisation process in vivo, with tissue specific ablation increasing bone mass. Furthermore, calvarial osteoblasts lacking ENPP1 showed increased mineralization potential in vitro, providing a cell culture system to replace animal use in studying the role of this gene in skeletal calcification. We have also demonstrated that bone-specific ablation of ENPP1 offers reduced protection against insulin resistance, potentially through a novel bone-liver axis. Further, we have developed novel valve interstitial cell lines to study aortic valve calcification (Lin et al. 2017; Tsang et al. 2018) and defined mechanisms by which hypercalcaemia induced by renal disease promotes aortic valve calcification (Cui et al. 2017). To understand pattern formation (Objective 2.2.5), we defined the relationship between epithelial cell signalling and dermal cell movement in hair follicle development in mice (Glover et al. 2017), and devised a mathematical model to explore a direct link between these processes during feather patterning in avian skin (Painter et al. 2018). We tested this model experimentally, establishing that a set of interactions between the EDA, BMP, and FGF signals, together with cell movement, determines feather arrangement and number in avian skin (Ho et al. 2019). We also developed a model of vertebrate forelimb patterning by Sonic Hedgehog, based on experimental data from chickens (Lam et al. 2019), and in sheep identified and characterised phenotypically a 10 base-pair deletion in the PRICKLE1 gene as a cause of developmental limb deformity in the Cheviot breed. In collaboration with breeders and a genotyping company a DNA test for this mutation has been developed to permit the elimination of this condition from flocks. The newly-established Rainger group, supported by this award, has categorised how tissue fusion proceeds in the embryonic chick eye and have shown this to involve significant genetic and mechanistic overlap with the process in other vertebrate species. This has revealed multiple new candidate genes for developmental fusion defects and established the chick eye as a uniquely tractable model system for this process in a manner that replaces protected animal use due to the rapid progression of eye development in the early chick embryo (Hardy et al. 2018). The award also supported a spatio-temporal analysis of the development of renal vasculature (Munro et al. 2017) and analysis of the role of semaphorin-3f/neuropilin-2 in exclusion of blood vessels from the cap mesenchyme in the developing kidney (Munro et al. 2017b). Toward objectives on nervous system health and homeostasis (Objective 2.2.6), we used quantitative proteomics to identify regulators of synaptic architecture (Graham et al. 2017), and neuronal stability in vivo (Llavero Hurtado et al. 2017) and used super-resolution imaging and proteome profiling to define the cellular and molecular anatomy the neuromuscular junction in humans, which is critical for movement (Jones et al. 2017). We also showed how edited livestock can be used to model a human neurological disorder. This involved introducing a PPT1 mutation into the sheep genome to model the human lysosomal storage disorder Batten's Disease. Edited sheep were found to exhibit the same phenotypes as human patients, providing a valuable screening platform for candidate therapies and helping us to attract industry uplift funding.
Exploitation Route	Understanding how fundamental processes such as sex determination, pattern formation, and organ development and function are controlled helps us understand the biology of the organisms we study, which in turn leads to understanding of what happens when these processes go wrong. Phenotypes such as hair and follicle pattern formation are genuine targets for selective breeding for animals that are adapted for different environmental conditions, such as low and high temperature environments. Studying fundamental biological processes often leads to unexpected and unpredictable findings and impacts. The investigation of skull morphology and shape, and understanding the genetic basis of such, has impacts across human health and in animal breeding, for both companion and food producing animals. Abnormal skull shape is additionally an animal welfare concern that is important to breeders of all types. Linking the genes, epigenetic marks and regulatory regions encoded in animal genomes to complex phenotypes such as cell type and function, organ formation, organ malfunction and whole animal growth and health is an important part of the research theme that may have implications across farm animals and human health. These genomic regions may be the focus of selective breeding in farm animals for better health and productivity, and may become the focus of drug targets and other interventions in humans. The surrogate host chicken system that we have developed to reconstitute a living germline from cryopreserved or cultured primordial germ cells greatly increases the efficiency of genome editing in chicken breeding and is likely to be widely used for this purpose, as well as serving as a direct template to adapt this technology into other species. The production of therapeutic or other biologically active high-value proteins in eggs, using transgenic chicken 'bioreactors,' is a widely applicable system. This can be used in a number of contexts, from production of such proteins in organised and centralised commercial facilities in developed countries, to local production in LMICs, reducing or obviating the need for a complex storage and transport system. Identification of genes and interactive processes underlying determination of feather number in chicken can be used in breeding programmes to alter feather coverage in poultry lines, particularly useful in increasing heat tolerance. The derivation, and methodology to propagate and manipulate stem cells from large animal species enables lower cost and more rapid in vitro study of phenotypes that can be recreated in vitro. Based on findings thus far, this will be particularly useful in determining mechanisms of pathogen interaction with host cells, and the genetic basis and cellular mechanisms of susceptibility and resistance to infection. Our definition of the developmental origins and overall diversity of cell types in the avian immune system contrast with what would be predicted directly from mammals, and may be used to design improved timings and routes of administration for vaccines. Our studies of the gut and methods to generate and culture organoids from cattle, with ongoing work in pig and chicken, can be used broadly for the study of intestine function, to test the effects of different agents on intestinal structure and function, and to study intestinal cells' interaction with pathogenic and commensal microbes. Our work on miRNA profiling of biological tissues in cattle may be used or adapted by others to detect pregnancy at very early stages in this or other species. Early detection of pregnancy is useful in the dairy industry and in many breeding programmes. Sex determination is a fundamental step in animal development and impacts on a wide range of agriculturally relevant traits. Our work to understand the genetic basis of sex determination in birds underpins sexing assays to be used in the poultry industry and may be taken forward to design strategies to manipulate sex ratios. Our analyses of the genetic and cellular basis underlying the formation of many organ systems (skin, the kidneys, the skeleton, the nervous system, the eye) can be taken forward in understanding the basis of healthy development, organ function, and ageing in humans.
Sectors	Agriculture, Food and Drink,Healthcare,Manufacturing, including Industrial Biotechology,Pharmaceuticals and Medical Biotechnology

Description	Our development of methodology to culture primordial germ cells (PGCs), to cryopreserve these, and to reintroduce them into host embryos for propagation of germ cells and thus restoration of intact animals underlies technology to cryopreserve avian genetic resources. This is now made far more efficient by our generation and characterisation of novel sterile host chicken lines engineered to lack their own PGCs, which, when present, compete with introduced cells for contribution to gamete production. This set of technological advances is being commercialised as a 'bio-banking' service by Roslin Technologies Ltd, permitting frozen archiving of avian genetic resources as cells, without requiring continual maintenance of live animals, which incurs expense and the risks of inbreeding and loss of lines through infectious disease outbreaks. Contracts for use of this service are already secured to archive Cobb avian lines. Transgenic chicken lines as bioreactors, including those producing valuable proteins in eggs from past research, continue to be advanced toward commercialisation using MRC Confidence-in-Concept and Roslin Technologies investment. A novel gene edited sheep model of Batten's disease that we produced, and for which we characterised the molecular pathophysiology in comparison to the human disease, attracted £400k in funding from an industry partner to test novel therapeutic approaches in a large animal model of this condition. Investigators linked to this award have contributed to consultations on genome editing in farm animals, crops, and human health, building public understanding and collecting information from the public to understand societal perceptions of this technology and its potential uses. Having found that changes in levels of specific miRNAs in circulation occur very early during pregnancy in cattle, providing the opportunity to develop novel diagnostic approaches to increase reproductive efficiency and milk production, we are now carrying out a Pathfinder-funded UK-wide market survey on the commercialisation potential of diagnostic miRNAs for cattle. We are also engaged in an ISCF-funded industrial collaboration to explore the potential of existing diagnostic platforms towards the application of miRNAs in cattle diagnostics and have collaborative projects with groups in both Brazil and Kenya to explore the potential of this novel technology for improving livestock production in LMICs.
First Year Of Impact	2017
Sector	Agriculture, Food and Drink,Environment,Pharmaceuticals and Medical Biotechnology
Impact Types	Societal,Economic

Description	Infrafrontier 2018
Geographic Reach	Europe
Policy Influence Type	Participation in a advisory committee

Description	MRC Data Sharing
Geographic Reach	National
Policy Influence Type	Membership of a guideline committee

Description	Member of Veterinary Advisory Committee for the Horserace Betting Levy Board
Geographic Reach	Multiple continents/international
Policy Influence Type	Influenced training of practitioners or researchers
Impact	The HBLB Codes of Practice set out voluntary recommendations to help breeders, in conjunction with their veterinary surgeons, to prevent and control specific diseases in all breeds of horse and pony.

Description	Postgraduate training
Geographic Reach	Local/Municipal/Regional
Policy Influence Type	Influenced training of practitioners or researchers
Impact	As Dean of Postgraduate Studies I sit on various committees relating to PG training, monitoring, mentoring and health. These committees work at the School and College level

Description	2018/2019 Travel & Partnerships Fund
Amount	£2,950 (GBP)
Organisation	University of Edinburgh
Sector	Academic/University
Country	United Kingdom
Start	04/2019
End	05/2019

Description	British Society for Developmental Biology PI Award
Amount	£1,000 (GBP)
Organisation	British Society for Developmental Biology
Sector	Learned Society
Country	United Kingdom
Start	04/2017
End	04/2017

Description	British Society for Developmental Biology Travel Award
Amount	£500 (GBP)
Organisation	British Society for Developmental Biology
Sector	Learned Society
Country	United Kingdom
Start	04/2017
End	04/2017

Description	British Society for Developmental Biology Travel Award
Amount	£1,000 (GBP)
Organisation	British Society for Developmental Biology
Sector	Learned Society
Country	United Kingdom
Start	04/2017
End	04/2017

Description	Chromatin, Epigenetics and Transcriptional Regulation - UoE Network 2018
Amount	£1,100 (GBP)
Organisation	University of Edinburgh
Department	The Institute for Academic Development (IAD)
Sector	Academic/University
Country	United Kingdom
Start	11/2017
End	07/2018

Description	Confidence in Concept (TR) - Barry McColl - CSF1-Fc to enhance brain repair and functional recovery after stroke: a preclinical proof-of-concept study
Amount	£62,620 (GBP)
Funding ID	MRC/CIC5/07
Organisation	Medical Research Council (MRC)
Sector	Academic/University
Country	United Kingdom
Start	01/2018
End	03/2019

Description	Confidence in Concept (TR) - Consortium Funding - Tom Wishart for RI - Developing SFXN3-targeted therapies to prevent neurodegeneration
Amount	£108,059 (GBP)
Funding ID	MC_PC_16043
Organisation	Medical Research Council (MRC)
Sector	Academic/University
Country	United Kingdom
Start	07/2017
End	06/2018

Description	Confidence in Concept (TR) - Helen Sang - Increasing the efficiency and competitiveness of the chicken bioreactor biologics production platform
Amount	£81,423 (GBP)
Funding ID	MRC/CIC5/02
Organisation	Medical Research Council (MRC)
Sector	Academic/University
Country	United Kingdom
Start	09/2017
End	05/2018

Description	GCRF Global Challenges Research Fund - Tim connelley - International Veterinary Vaccinology Network
Amount	£2,113,339 (GBP)
Funding ID	MR/R005958/1
Organisation	Medical Research Council (MRC)
Sector	Academic/University
Country	United Kingdom
Start	07/2017
End	07/2021

Description	General Scheme - Bruce Whitelaw - Editing RELA S531P
Amount	£30,000 (GBP)
Funding ID	6668838
Organisation	Genus plc
Sector	Private
Country	United Kingdom
Start	03/2017
End	12/2019

Description	General Scheme - Consortium - Gerry McLachlan for RI - The Development Collaboration (DCA) - funding amount confidential as stipulated by funder
Amount	£0 (GBP)
Funding ID	WH/3897302
Organisation	Boehringer Ingelheim
Sector	Private
Country	Germany
Start	08/2018
End	12/2022

Description	General Scheme - Cristina Esteves - Characterising the responses of stem cells to inflammatory and infectious stimuli - towards cell-free regenerative therapies for horses
Amount	£9,980 (GBP)
Funding ID	2017-568-606
Organisation	Petplan Charitable Trust
Sector	Charity/Non Profit
Country	United Kingdom
Start	10/2017
End	09/2018

Description	General Scheme - consortium funding - Gerry McLachlan for RI - Lenti viral gene therapy (RCA) - funding amount confidential as stipulated by funder
Amount	£0 (GBP)
Funding ID	WH/3896880
Organisation	Boehringer Ingelheim
Sector	Private
Country	Germany
Start	08/2018
End	12/2020

Description	Industrial Case - Tom Burdon - Development of pluripotent cell lines from livestock
Amount	£98,212 (GBP)
Funding ID	BB/R506151/1
Organisation	Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)
Sector	Public
Country	United Kingdom
Start	10/2017
End	09/2021

Description	Infections and Immunity Research Board - Neil Mabbott - Determining the role of CSF1R-dependent macrophages in Paneth cells and the intestinal stem cell niche
Amount	£529,437 (GBP)
Funding ID	MR/S000763/1
Organisation	Medical Research Council (MRC)
Sector	Academic/University
Country	United Kingdom
Start	11/2018
End	10/2021

Description	Japan Partnering Award: Defining the factors that regulate M cell-development in the intestines of livestock
Amount	£42,125 (GBP)
Funding ID	BB/S019294/1
Organisation	Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)
Sector	Public
Country	United Kingdom
Start	06/2019
End	06/2023

Description	Pathfinder (TR) - Xavier Donadeau - miRNA-based diagnostics to improve livestock production
Amount	£12,097 (GBP)
Funding ID	BB/S011277/1
Organisation	Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)
Sector	Public
Country	United Kingdom
Start	09/2018
End	02/2019

Description	Portfolio Awards - Consortium Funding - Gerry McLachlan for RI - Respiratory Gene Therapy Portfolio (RGTP)
Amount	£1,472,247 (GBP)
Funding ID	WH/3695144
Organisation	Wellcome Trust
Sector	Charity/Non Profit
Country	United Kingdom
Start	04/2017
End	09/2022

Description	Precision Medicine DTP PhD Studentship
Amount	£93,092 (GBP)
Organisation	Medical Research Council (MRC)
Sector	Academic/University
Country	United Kingdom
Start	09/2017
End	08/2021

Description	Project Grants - Vicky MacRae - How does NPP1 ablation drive arterial calcification?
Amount	£176,162 (GBP)
Funding ID	PG 18 26 33589
Organisation	British Heart Foundation (BHF)
Sector	Charity/Non Profit
Country	United Kingdom
Start	07/2018
End	06/2020

Description	Proteolytic machinery executing axon degeneration (Neukomme [PI] Lusanne university & Wishart [Co-I] UOE)
Amount	€ 150,000 (EUR)
Organisation	International Foundation for Research in Paraplegia (IRP)
Sector	Charity/Non Profit
Country	Switzerland
Start	07/2019
End	06/2021

Description	Research Grant - Ian Dunn - A practical phenotypic solution to reduce keel and skeletal bone damage in laying hens
Amount	£347,567 (GBP)
Funding ID	Grant ID: 550396
Organisation	Foundation for Food and Agriculture Research
Start	04/2018
End	03/2022

Description	Research Grant - Lonneke Vervelde - Development of in vitro chicken enterocyte and organoid cultures
Amount	£136,852 (GBP)
Funding ID	WT 6571120
Organisation	Novozymes
Sector	Public
Country	Denmark
Start	12/2018
End	11/2019

Description	Research Grant Simon Lillico - Application of genome editors for improved bioreactor production
Amount	£31,675 (GBP)
Organisation	BioSourcing SA
Start	06/2017
End	05/2018

Description	Responsive Mode - Adam Balic - Exploitation of new technologies to advance understanding of avian dendritic cell biology
Amount	£589,932 (GBP)
Funding ID	BB/R003653/1
Organisation	Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)
Sector	Public
Country	United Kingdom
Start	11/2017
End	10/2020

Description	Responsive Mode - Mike McGrew - Investigating the role of ANP32A in the replication of avain influenza virus
Amount	£520,795 (GBP)
Funding ID	BB/S006796/1
Organisation	Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)
Sector	Public
Country	United Kingdom
Start	01/2019
End	12/2021

Description	Small Grants - Neil Mabbott - UK-Japan partnership to explore the role of subepithelial mesenchymal stromal cells in M cell-development and homeostasis
Amount	£2,340 (GBP)
Funding ID	BB/R012377/1
Organisation	Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)
Sector	Public
Country	United Kingdom
Start	11/2017
End	12/2017

Description	Sub-award from BBSRC Flexible Talent Mobility Award (BB/R506564/1). Dr Xavier Donadeu. 'Evaluation of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers of the onset of puberty in Nelore cattle'.
Amount	£2,990 (GBP)
Funding ID	BB/R506564/1
Organisation	Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)
Sector	Public
Country	United Kingdom
Start	11/2017
End	03/2019

Description	Sub-award from BBSRC Impact Acceleration Account BB/S506722/1. 'Report to establish the market for large animal models of human diseases'.
Amount	£14,500 (GBP)
Funding ID	BB/S506722/1
Organisation	Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)
Sector	Public
Country	United Kingdom
Start	04/2018
End	03/2021

Description	Sub-award from Flexible Talent Mobility Award (BB/R506564/1). Dr Tom Burdon & Sympromics Ltd. 'Optimisation of synthetic tissue-specific promoters using an embryonic stem cell-based screen'.
Amount	£86,300 (GBP)
Funding ID	BB/R506564/1
Organisation	Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)
Sector	Public
Country	United Kingdom
Start	11/2017
End	03/2019

Description	Sub-award from ISCF Transforming Food Production Seeding Award (ISCF-TFP-SA-Edinburgh). Dr Adam Balic 'Generation of a Cas9 chicken as a platform to identify causative production alleles for application in breeding programmes;.
Amount	£17,848 (GBP)
Funding ID	ISCF-TFP-SA-Edinburgh
Organisation	Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)
Sector	Public
Country	United Kingdom
Start	10/2018
End	02/2019

Description	Sub-award from ISCF Transforming Food Production Seeding Award (ISCF-TFP-SA-Edinburgh). Dr Kenneth Baillie 'Generating evidence of the benefits of Cas9 pigs for validation of genotypes underlying key production traits'.
Amount	£25,000 (GBP)
Funding ID	ISCF-TFP-SA-Edinburgh
Organisation	Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)
Sector	Public
Country	United Kingdom
Start	10/2018
End	02/2019

Description	Sub-award from ISCF Transforming Food Production Seeding Award (ISCF-TFP-SA-Edinburgh). Dr Xavier Donadeu 'Exploring the commercialisation potential or miRNA diagnostics for dairy cattle'.
Amount	£6,200 (GBP)
Funding ID	ISCF-TFP-SA-Edinburgh
Organisation	Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)
Sector	Public
Country	United Kingdom
Start	10/2018
End	02/2019

Description	Sub-award from ISCF Transforming Food Production Seeding Award (ISCF-TFP-SA-Edinburgh). Dr Xavier Donadeu 'Roslin-DestiNA Genomics Ltd collaboration: a microRNA (miRNA) diagnostic platform for early pregnancy diagnosis in dairy cattle'.
Amount	£19,250 (GBP)
Funding ID	ISCF-TFP-SA-Edinburgh
Organisation	Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)
Sector	Public
Country	United Kingdom
Start	10/2018
End	02/2019

Description	Sub-award from ISCF Transforming Food Production Seeding Award (ISCF-TFP-SA-Edinburgh). Professor Bruce Whitelaw 'Quantifying stakeholder & public views on genome edited animals in the human food chain'
Amount	£17,969 (GBP)
Funding ID	ISCF-TFP-SA-Edinburgh
Organisation	Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)
Sector	Public
Country	United Kingdom
Start	10/2018
End	02/2019

Description	Wellcome ISSF3
Amount	£30,137 (GBP)
Organisation	Wellcome Trust
Sector	Charity/Non Profit
Country	United Kingdom
Start	01/2019
End	12/2019

Description	self funded
Amount	£240,000 (GBP)
Organisation	Government of Taiwan
Sector	Public
Country	Taiwan, Province of China
Start	09/2017
End	10/2021

Title	Antibody - Tim4 antibody
Description	A monoclonal antibody directed against chicken TIM4, a receptor for phosphatidylserine. Phosphatidylserine is expressed on the surface of apoptotic cells. Therefore this monoclonal antibody stains cells that interact with apoptotic cells.
Type Of Material	Antibody
Year Produced	2019
Provided To Others?	Yes
Impact	In liver, highly-phagocytic TIM4hi cells shared many transcripts with mammalian Kupffer cells and were associated with uptake of apoptotic cells. TIM4 is associated with phagocytes that eliminate apoptotic cells in the chick. In the liver, TIM4 and CSF1R reporters distinguished Kupffer cells from an abundant population of DC-like cells.
URL	http://www.jimmunol.org/content/early/2019/01/08/jimmunol.1800504

Title	Chicken line for investigating sex determination
Description	chicken line with edited sex-determining gene
Type Of Material	Model of mechanisms or symptoms - non-mammalian in vivo
Year Produced	2018
Provided To Others?	No
Impact	N/A

Title	Chicken surrogate host
Description	Sterile surrogate host chicken lines that can be used in biobanking to recover live offspring from gametes ultimately produced from previously cultured, manipulated and/or cryopreserved primordial germ cells.
Type Of Material	Model of mechanisms or symptoms - non-mammalian in vivo
Year Produced	2018
Provided To Others?	No
Impact	More efficient production of gene edited chickens for analysis has greatly reduced the number of birds produced during breeding, and has saved considerable investigator time and expense in screening by genotype.

Title	Flt3 antibody
Description	A monoclonal antibody against chicken Flt3. Flt3 is the receptor for the major dendritic cell growth factor Flt3 ligand.
Type Of Material	Antibody
Year Produced	2017
Provided To Others?	No
Impact	Publication near completion. Antibody will be made available to other researchers upon publication

Title	In vitro Generation of pig macrophages from stem cells
Description	The generation of functionally active monocytes and macrophages from pluripotent pig stem cells
Type Of Material	Technology assay or reagent
Year Produced	2019
Provided To Others?	No
Impact	This work may provide an in vitro experimental platform for: - Investigation of the pig innate immune system - Investigation of pig macrophage/pathogen interactions - Functional analysis of genetic variation in pigs

Title	In vitro testing of Flt3 function
Description	We developed an in vitro FLT3L-Fc binding assay that is a direct functional readout of FLT3 ligand binding.. Briefly, wild type and a mutated forms of chicken FLT3 were expressed in murine Ba/F3 cells. Fluorescent labelled FLT3L-Fc was added to these cells and binding was assessed by flow-cytometry. This assay allows us to determine effect of specific mutations on the Flt3 receptor ligand interactions.
Type Of Material	Technology assay or reagent
Year Produced	2017
Provided To Others?	No
Impact	This assay allows us to test function of variations of FLT3 that exist within the chicken population. Using this assay we have identified a deleterious mutation that exists in both inbred experimental birds and native chickens from Africa. Prior to the development of this assay it would not be possible to identify these deleterious mutations without experimentally testing hundreds, if not thousands for birds.

Title	Lines of edited PGCs for investigating germ cell development
Description	Lines of edited PGCs for investigating germ cell development
Type Of Material	Cell line
Year Produced	2018
Provided To Others?	No
Impact	N/A

Title	Sexing assay
Description	Assay to determine sex of chickens
Type Of Material	Technology assay or reagent
Year Produced	2017
Provided To Others?	Yes
Impact	Interest from industry and research groups using chick embryo as model system

Title	Tom1L1 antibody
Description	Antibody to Target of Myb-1-like 1
Type Of Material	Antibody
Year Produced	2018
Provided To Others?	No
Impact	n/a

Title	Identification of putative causal variants
Description	Bioinformatics pipeline to fine map a locus and identify and quantify the probability of a variant being a causal variant
Type Of Material	Computer model/algorithm
Year Produced	2018
Provided To Others?	Yes
Impact	Protocol described in this paper. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-07691-z

Title	mRNA microarray analysis data derived from BMDM, brain and spleen of wild-type and CSF1R-deficient rats
Description	We used microarray to examine changes in gene expression in bone marrow derived macrophages, the brain and spleen of wild-type and CSF1R-deficient rats. RNA was isolated from spleen, hippocampus, striatum, olfactory bulbs, pituitary glands and bone marrow derived macrophages and mRNA expression compared on Affymetrix Rat Gene 2.1 ST Arrays [transcript (gene) version].
Type Of Material	Database/Collection of data
Year Produced	2018
Provided To Others?	Yes
Impact	This database allows scientists around the world to freely access and use our mRNA expression data
URL	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE100696

Title	mRNA-seq analysis data derived from in vitro bovine ileum enteroid cultures
Description	In vitro 3D enteroid, or "mini gut", cultures were prepared from bovine small intestinal (ileal) crypts. mRNA was isolated from bovine small intestinal crypts, freshly prepared enteroids (P0) and enteroids after multiple serial passages (P1-5). Global gene expression was compared in these samples by mRNA-seq.
Type Of Material	Database/Collection of data
Year Produced	2018
Provided To Others?	Yes
Impact	Significant interest from many other researchers was generated from these data
URL	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE112674

Description	Centre for tropical livestock genetics and health (CTLGH)
Organisation	International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI)
Country	Kenya
Sector	Charity/Non Profit
PI Contribution	Mick Watson is co-leading programme 5 (informatics and bioresources) programme of CTLGH which aims to collect data on genotype and phenotype into a central database which can subsequently be mined for useful associations. So far we have ensured that scientists have access to the latest high performance computing environment for research, we have analysed and continue to analyse hundreds of farm animal genomes from LMIC countries, and we have built the data portal (http://data.ctlgh.org)
Collaborator Contribution	The partners are involved in all programmes, which include:Program 1: Harnessing genetic variability among indigenous and exotic breeds of cattle (as well as their crosses) to develop genetic and genomic tools that will be used to improve productivity under harsh tropical conditions and to mitigate the impact of cattle on climate change. Program 2: Harnessing genetic variability in tropical productivity and adaptation among various breeds of Chickens. Program 3: Development and application of precision breeding (through novel reproductive and germplasm technologies) to achieve step changes in livestock genetic improvement. Program 4: Understanding the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying the tolerance of certain cattle and poultry breeds to tropical diseases and pests. Program 5: A shared global data and biological sample resource to support continued research and development on tropical livestock genetics and health.
Impact	The data portal so far: http://data.ctlgh.org The collaboration is multi-disciplinary, bringing together geneticists, parasitologists, virologists, epidemiologists and data scientists together.
Start Year	2016

Description	Centre for tropical livestock genetics and health (CTLGH)
Organisation	Scotland's Rural College
Country	United Kingdom
Sector	Academic/University
PI Contribution	Mick Watson is co-leading programme 5 (informatics and bioresources) programme of CTLGH which aims to collect data on genotype and phenotype into a central database which can subsequently be mined for useful associations. So far we have ensured that scientists have access to the latest high performance computing environment for research, we have analysed and continue to analyse hundreds of farm animal genomes from LMIC countries, and we have built the data portal (http://data.ctlgh.org)
Collaborator Contribution	The partners are involved in all programmes, which include:Program 1: Harnessing genetic variability among indigenous and exotic breeds of cattle (as well as their crosses) to develop genetic and genomic tools that will be used to improve productivity under harsh tropical conditions and to mitigate the impact of cattle on climate change. Program 2: Harnessing genetic variability in tropical productivity and adaptation among various breeds of Chickens. Program 3: Development and application of precision breeding (through novel reproductive and germplasm technologies) to achieve step changes in livestock genetic improvement. Program 4: Understanding the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying the tolerance of certain cattle and poultry breeds to tropical diseases and pests. Program 5: A shared global data and biological sample resource to support continued research and development on tropical livestock genetics and health.
Impact	The data portal so far: http://data.ctlgh.org The collaboration is multi-disciplinary, bringing together geneticists, parasitologists, virologists, epidemiologists and data scientists together.
Start Year	2016

Description	Collaboration with Brian Brooks - Director, National Eye Institute. NIH
Organisation	National Eye Institute (NEI)
Country	United States
Sector	Public
PI Contribution	Establishing the use of chick as a model for vertebrate structural eye development. This is novel and complements other groups use of alternative models (zebrafish and mouse) for understanding human eye development. In particular, our strengths are the investigation of structural development, such as optic fissure closure and anterior segment and iris development.
Collaborator Contribution	Professor Brooks is the Director of The National Eye Institute. (NIH, US). His group is focused on the identification of mutations in genes that cause structural eye defects, and uses zebrafish to model genetic defects.
Impact	Currently we have a manuscript in preprint, detailing the identification of a novel coloboma associated gene and the transcriptional landscape of tissue fusion in the embryonic chicken eye.
Start Year	2017

Description	Developmental basis of Radial Aplasia
Organisation	Royal Hospital for Sick Children Edinburgh
Country	United Kingdom
Sector	Hospitals
PI Contribution	My research team at The Roslin Institute are developing an animal model of radial aplasia. We provide unique transgenic animal facilities, specialist skills in embryonic manipulation and the majority of intellectual contribution, understanding the developmental basis of congential radial aplasia.
Collaborator Contribution	Mr W L Lam provides the insight of human congenital limb abnormalities
Impact	As a result of this collaboration I have be invited to speak at several major limb surgical conferences, which has improved the communication between the clinical and scientific fields. Following this Mr WL Lam (consultant plastic surgeon, limb surgery) and myself (lead scientist) organised the first 'Clinical Workshop' at the 14th International Conference on Limb Development and Regeneration Meeting 2017 to formalize the links between the Developmental biology and Clinical Limb Surgery fields. We have established that the Clinical field lacks understanding of genetic diagnosis and fundamental biology underpinning congenital limb malformations so at this conference we including world leading leading speakers on genetic diagnosis of human congenital diseases. We have obtained funding from the British Society for Developmental Biology, The British Society for Surgery of the Hand and The Rooney Foundation to develop this project. This is a reflection on the increasing importance this collaboration has for clinical understanding of congenital disorders. We have joint published a book chapter on limb development. We have published a joint paper proposing a model to explain the developmental basis of radial aplasia.
Start Year	2015

Description	Differentiation of pluripotent pig stem cells
Organisation	University of Hong Kong
Department	School of Biomedical Sciences
Country	Hong Kong
Sector	Academic/University
PI Contribution	Evaluating the differentiation potential of pig pluripotent stem cells
Collaborator Contribution	Provision of pluripotent pig stem cell lines, culture medium and detailed protocols for maintaining and manipulating the cells in culture.
Impact	BBSRC response mode grant application; BB/R018669/1 Sept 2017 " Pluripotent stem cells as a novel in vitro experimental platform for functional studies in pigs" (not funded)
Start Year	2017

Description	EuroSoftCalc European COST action
Organisation	European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST)
Department	COST Action
Country	Belgium
Sector	Public
PI Contribution	UK representative to the Management Committee and Working Group Leader (scientific exchanges and training)
Collaborator Contribution	Clinical, research and training expertise in rare diseases of calcification.
Impact	N/A
Start Year	2017

Description	Evaluation of Notch-reporter transgenic embryos
Organisation	École Normale Supérieure, Paris
Department	Institute of Biology
Country	France
Sector	Academic/University
PI Contribution	We developed a line of transgenic chickens carrying a transgene that would express green fluorescent protein as a reporter of notch signalling activity.
Collaborator Contribution	The partners utilised embryos from this line to exemplify its utility in experiments to understand vertebrate embryo development.
Impact	A paper has been published.
Start Year	2016

Description	Ontogeny of chicken CSF1R-transgene reporter cells.
Organisation	Semmelweiss University
Country	Hungary
Sector	Academic/University
PI Contribution	We are actively collaborating on determining the ontogeny of chicken CSF1R-transgene reporter cells. We have produced the CSF1R-transgene reporter line of chickens and have used these to identify and characterise multiple cell types. We have also supplied tissues samples from these lines for further analysis
Collaborator Contribution	Experimental procedure, such as embryonic grafting to generate primary data.
Impact	Paper published in 2018.. J Anat. 2018 Oct;233(4):401-410. doi: 10.1111/joa.12863.
Start Year	2017

Description	Pig breeding with Genus
Organisation	Genus plc
Country	United Kingdom
Sector	Private
PI Contribution	Developed and demonstrated gene editing in pig zygotes.
Collaborator Contribution	Supply of animal resources and funds.
Impact	Several publications, presentations at scientific meetings, media opportunities and joint research grants.
Start Year	2010

Description	Study of role of genes and transcription factors in M-cell development
Organisation	Keio University
Country	Japan
Sector	Academic/University
PI Contribution	This collaboration aims to determine the role of genes and transcription factors in M-cell development in large animal species. Prof. Mabbott obtained a BBSRC travel award in 2017 to enable him to visit the Japanese partner Prof. Koji Hase in Tokyo, Japan, to discuss a potential collaboration. Prof. Mabbott through obtaining the travel award initiated this collaboration and provided the means to explore potential collaborations.
Collaborator Contribution	Prof. Koji Hase, the Japanese partner, has provided his extensive expertise in the role of genes and transcription factors in M cell development. During my visit his institution also provided in-kind support for our meetings and small workshop. Since this visit our discussions have continued and a BBSRC Japan partnering award was submitted in November 2018 to provide further pump priming support.
Impact	A BBSRC Japan partnering award was submitted in November 2018
Start Year	2017

Description	Study of role of subepithelial mesenchymal stromal cells in M-cell development
Organisation	Hokkaido University
Country	Japan
Sector	Academic/University
PI Contribution	This collaboration aims to determine the role of subepithelial mesenchymal stromal cells in M-cell development in large animal species. Prof. Mabbott obtained a BBSRC travel award in 2017 to enable him to visit the Japanese partner Prof. Sawa in Hokkaido, Japan, to discuss a potential collaboration. Prof. Mabbott through obtaining the travel award initiated this collaboration and provided the means to explore potential collaborations.
Collaborator Contribution	Prof. Sawa, the Japanese partner, has provided his extensive expertise in subepithelial mesenchymal stromal cells. During my visit his institution also provided in-kind support for our meetings and small workshop. Since this visit our discussions have continued and a BBSRC Japan partnering award was submitted in November 2018 to provide further pump priming support.
Impact	Submission of BBSRC Japan partnerinig award in November 2018.
Start Year	2017

Description	Study of the role of Cxcr5 in ectopic germinal centre formation in the lung
Organisation	Babraham Institute
Department	Lymphocyte Signalling
Country	United Kingdom
Sector	Charity/Non Profit
PI Contribution	Our major contribution was the provision of our unique Cxcr5-floxed mice to this project. These mice were originally created on BBSRC grant BB/F019726/1.
Collaborator Contribution	Our lead partner, Dr. Michelle Linterman at the Babraham Institute used these mice to study the role of Cxcr5 in ectopic germinal centre formation in the lung.
Impact	Paper published in the Journal of Experimental Medicine in 2019 "Type I interferon induces CXCL13 to support ectopic germinal center formation" JEM 03-04-2019 issue, vol. 216 no. 3. http://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20181216
Start Year	2016

Description	Training visit to NIGL laboratory by three members of Roslin Institute 2017
Organisation	NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science
Country	Japan
Sector	Public
PI Contribution	Three of my laboratory scientists (two junior level postdoctoral scientists) and myself (group leader) went to Dr Tagami's lab to be trained in his biobanking techniques
Collaborator Contribution	The partners hosted our meeting and held a Biobank symposium
Impact	We are coululting and communication on how to meet the food standards in each of our countries using biobanked cellular material for poultry production sytems
Start Year	2014

Description	What makes a microglia? Comparing relatives in the molecular age.
Organisation	Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf
Department	Institute of Neuropathology
Country	Germany
Sector	Academic/University
PI Contribution	Our group produced purified chicken brain microglia from macrophage reporter chickens and collected brain tissue for histological stainings, morphological 3D reconstruction.
Collaborator Contribution	they examined the the evolutionary divergence of microglia for clues about the ancient and diverse phylogenetic origins of microglial functions by examining 19 different species (including chickens), ranging from leeches to humans. To do this they used histological stainings, morphological 3D reconstruction and sorted microglia based on evolutionary shared microglial markers for next generation single cell sequencing.
Impact	Workshop Presentation: Keystone symposia Myeloid cells 2018. Manuscript submitted to Cell in 2019.
Start Year	2017

Description	avian gonadal development
Organisation	Guangxi University
Country	China
Sector	Academic/University
PI Contribution	discussions and laboratory work
Collaborator Contribution	discussions and laboratory work
Impact	publications
Start Year	2014

Description	sex determination in birds
Organisation	Francis Crick Institute
Country	United Kingdom
Sector	Charity/Non Profit
PI Contribution	discussions, laboratory work, funding applications
Collaborator Contribution	discussions, laboratory work, funding applications
Impact	publications
Start Year	2012

Description	sex determination in birds
Organisation	University of Beijing
Country	China
Sector	Academic/University
PI Contribution	Expertise and training
Collaborator Contribution	Staff effort
Impact	none
Start Year	2018

Company Name	ROSLIN TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
Description	Roslin Technologies is an agriculture biotechnology company that has been established as the commercialisation arm of the world renowned Roslin Institute and University of Edinburgh's Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies. As well as developing a range of new products, we offer a strong platform for industry engagement through a range of services, licencing and collaboration opportunities. Located at the University's Easter Bush Campus which is part of the Midlothian Science Zone, Roslin Technologies is well placed to play a leading role in delivering strong industry impacts from new developments in Agri-tech. Although still rapidly developing, the Zone is already one of the largest animal science innovation hubs in the world, being home also to a number of organisations with animal science expertise and an international reputation for conducting world class research and teaching. Roslin Technologies is a joint venture that builds upon a strong and novel partnership between the world leading research, knowledge and expertise that is contained within the University of Edinburgh, and two investment and business development partners with a strong global network and reach.
Year Established	2016
Impact	Roslin Technology (commercial partner of Roslin Institute) is currently offering a commercial biobanking service to the poultry industry to biobank commercial chicken flocks using the technology partially developed in this grant. The commercial partner of this grant, Cobb Vantress, Inc, has granted Roslin Technology the right to commercially exploit the non-patentable IP from this project and has made use of this commercial biobanking service offered by Roslin Technology. I, Mike McGrew, am a consultant for the commercial biobanking service.
Website	http://roslintech.com/avian-germline-cryopreservation/

Description	"Determining the Interacting Network of TALPID3 through Proteomic Studies" Cold Spring Harbour Centrosome Conference
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact	A description of work discovering the fundamental proteins involved in action of the centrosome via chicken mutants
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017

Description	"Fate mapping the limb using Chameleon"- Julia Oh 14th ICLDR
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact	A talk describing the use of The Roslin Institute transgenic bird lines and their uses.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017

Description	"From Barnyard to Bedside" University of Lund
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Industry/Business
Results and Impact	I gave a talk on the use of avian models in research understanding the action of SHH signalling to scientists working at The University of Lund and associated spin-out companies. Subsequently I demonstrated the practical use of avian embryos in research.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017

Description	"Spots, Stripes and Rainbows" Avian Systems Meeting 2018
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact	A talk describing the use of The Roslin Institute chicken transgenic lines to a scientific audience
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	"The Chicken, the Emu and You" Max Plank Institute for Ornithology
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact	40 scientists attended the talk on embryonic development, genetics and genomics. We built stronger collaborative
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	"The Function of TALPID3" University of Copenhagen
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact	I gave a talk to scientists and students on the role of chickens in discovering new centrosomal proteins
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017

Description	"Using the developing choroid plexus to explore cilia transcriptomics" Cold Spring Harbour
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact	A talk to 120 scientists about the use of transcriptomics to understanding ciliogenesis
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017

Description	"Walking with the Feet of Dinosaurs"
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Local
Primary Audience	Undergraduate students
Results and Impact	40 undergraduate students from the University of Edinburgh Zoological Club attended the talk. Subsequently students came to undertake research at The Roslin Institute
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017

Description	"Where did the 5th Toe Go" University of Basel
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact	A talk describing the use of The Roslin Institute transgenic bird lines and their uses.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	"Where did the 5th Toe Go?" 14th ICLDR
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact	A talk describing the use of The Roslin Institute transgenic bird lines and their uses.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017

Description	'Cute Egg' activities for P5 school pupils as part of Borders Agricultural Society Show
Form Of Engagement Activity	Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Local
Primary Audience	Schools
Results and Impact	Primary school pupils at local schools were engaged in an event run by the Borders Agricultural Society involving c. 225 visitors. Our activities built on the BBSRC-funded 'Cute Egg' exhibit, which uses coloured eggs to demonstrate the presence of a cuticle under the shell that protects the egg from spoilage. The scope to measure cuticle thickness as a quantitative trait for genetic selection was described in simple terms.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017

Description	'Science Insights'
Form Of Engagement Activity	Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Local
Primary Audience	Schools
Results and Impact	Developed and run through EBSOC at Easter Bush Campus, Science Insights is on-going work experience programme designed to give 5th year high school pupils a real insight into the work and life of research scientists. Science taster sessions delivered under "The function of genes and cellular phenotypes in animal systems" included "Sheep model for brain disease talk", "Cystic fibrosis and gene therapy", "Bone formation and calcified arteries" "No bones about it: the microscopic anatomy of bones" "Stem cells" Genome edited pigs talk"
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018
URL	https://www.ed.ac.uk/medicine-vet-medicine/outreach/science-insights

Description	24th Annual Meeting of Biology Teachers
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	National
Primary Audience	Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact	A forward looking discussion on the role of genetic selection and genome engineering in order to update biology teachers on new technologies
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2019

Description	32nd Leeds Symposium on Food History and Traditions, York, UK( April 2017) "Birds for the Table", I presented a lecture entitled "Chykenns in cawdel to KFC: development of the modern broiler chicken".
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	National
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	I organised the theme and guest list for the 32nd Leeds Symposium on Food History and Traditions, York, UK ( April 2017) "Birds for the Table". I also presented a lecture entitled "Chykenns in cawdel to KFC: development of the modern broiler chicken. The purpose of this talk was to communicate how the modern broiler chicken was developed from earlier chickens and red jungle fowl ancestors; and how modern broiler production is managed.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017

Description	A public talk on the Science of Sci-Fi (Jurassic Park)
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Regional
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	30 members of the public attended an event comparing the technologies on breeding and genome engineering
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017

Description	Annual Roslin Institute Open Doors Day
Form Of Engagement Activity	Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Local
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	The annual Roslin Institute Open Doors day was held on 14 October 2017 and was attended by 491 people. It involved 81 members of staff and students and showcased a wide range of research arising from BBSRC strategic investment, including (but not limited to), food safety, influenza, genetic improvement, DNA, imaging and the ethical treatment of animals in research.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017

Description	Article around research from new award into intestinal disease
Form Of Engagement Activity	A magazine, newsletter or online publication
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Local
Primary Audience	Other audiences
Results and Impact	article on Roslin Institute webpages and other departmental University of Edinburgh webpages publicising research associated with a new award
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018
URL	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-03638-6

Description	BBC Countryfile film related to the work of the Centre for Tropical Livestock Genetics & Health at Roslin
Form Of Engagement Activity	A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press)
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	National
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	Bill Gates was interviewed by BBC Countryfile on 26 January 2018 in relation to work funded by the Gates Foundation involving Roslin Institute scientists towards the genetic improvement of farmed animals in low- and middle-income countries. The programme aired on 11 February 2018 and reached an estimated audience in excess of 5 million. The interview took place on the same day as the launch of the Global Academy of Agriculture & Food Security, which was attended by the Secretary of State for the Department for International Development the Rt Hon Penny Mordaunt (see separate activity) and generated significant press interest, featuring on BBC Scotland news. Particular emphasis was placed on the work of Roslin scientists to understand the genetic make-up of African diary cattle and chickens and to understand how this relates to performance traits in order to guide breeding decisions.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	Biology Teachers CPD Event
Form Of Engagement Activity	Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Regional
Primary Audience	Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact	Talk and discussions with 20 Higher Biology teachers about science, specifically about next generation sequence analysis technology and how that is being applied to address many different scientific questions
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	Blog post NC3Rs
Form Of Engagement Activity	Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	Wrote blogpost about how transgenic technologies can help the 3Rs.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017
URL	https://www.nc3rs.org.uk/news/when-3rs-and-transgenic-technologies-meet

Description	Brainstorming workshop on somatic cell derived bovine gametes/embryos
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	Brainstorming Workshop on Somatic Cell derived Bovine Gametes/Embryos Attended by heads of Indian organisations NDDB, DBT, the company TAG, and international research scientists (New Delhi, 25-26th June 2018) Presented talk entitled " Pluripotent stem cells: Achievements and Challenges"
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	Cafe Scientifique, Brighton Science Festival
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Regional
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	Talk in the Brighton Science Festival October 27 2018, "Genome editing in agriculture - a new apprpach or still GM?". Broad audience of engaged public including students from an access course, who engaged in long question/answer and discussion session after talk.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018
URL	http://www.brightonscience.com/events/genome-editing-in-agriculture/

Description	Campus Open Day- Midlothian Science Festival
Form Of Engagement Activity	Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Local
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	The Roslin Institute and Easter Bush Campus Open Day was an event undertaken within the Midlothian Science Festivals. Hands on public activities lead by scientists under "The function of genes and cellular phenotypes in animal systems" included Stem Cell Challenge, Science is for Everyone, Bio-imaging: The Nature of Fluorescence, Cells up close, Vitamin D: Weighing = Knowing! Heart of the Matter
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018
URL	https://www.ed.ac.uk/easter-bush-campus/science-outreach-centre

Description	Conference Organiser- The 14th Limb Development and Regeneration Meeting Clinical Workshop
Form Of Engagement Activity	Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact	As an addition to the 14th Limb Development and Regeneration Conference, I organised a Clinical Workshop to engage the specialist discipline of congenital hand/foot surgeons, to better integrate the clinical aspects of limb development with the developmental biology.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017
URL	https://www.ed.ac.uk/igmm/news-and-events/events/latest-events/limb-development-2017

Description	Contribution to presentation on Will Pigs Save Our Bacon? (Cabaret of Dangerous Ideas 2018)
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	The Cabaret of Dangerous Ideas was held during the Edinburgh Fringe Festival that attracts people and audiences from around the world. The Cabaret of Dangerous ideas has been held over a number of years now. At this particular event the discussion was led by an academic with interests in the history of science. The topic evolved from a project focusing on genome research in humans, but also in pigs. The discussion focused on pigs and their potential uses as donors for xenotransplantation. A scientist from The Roslin Institute contributed expertise on pig genome analysis and also on genetic manipulation and gene editing in pigs. The event was conducted as a discussion with the audience.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2019
URL	http://codi.beltanenetwork.org/event/will-pigs-save-our-bacon-cabaret-of-dangerous-ideas-2018/?insta...

Description	EBSOC Led Engagement Activities- Talks/Discussions
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	The Easter Bush Science Outreach Centre (EBSOC) which opened in January 2018 is the first of its kind in Scotland. EBSOC is a unique, purpose-built laboratory space where visitors, including primary and secondary pupils and their teachers, engage with real-life science. Supported by scientists from "The function of genes and cellular phenotypes in animal systems", EBSOC's schools workshops enable pupils to meet scientists from The Roslin Institute. As well as supporting scientist-lead workshops both to National and International audiences, scientists undertaking research within "The function of genes and cellular phenotypes in animal systems" undertake discussions and talks within these activities on research undertaken within this theme for example genome engineering and pattern formation during embryogenesis
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018
URL	https://www.ed.ac.uk/easter-bush-campus/science-outreach-centre

Description	Edinburgh-Tsukuba Symposium: Stem cells and regenerative medicine
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact	Presented talk at Symposium entitled " Tuning Self-renewal in rat ESCs" on April 16th 2018 at Tsukuba Medical Research Institute, Japan. Promoted collaborative discussions.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	Genome editing talk at New Scientist Live. Bruce Whitelaw.
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	National
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	Genome editing talk at New Scientist Live.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	Highland Show
Form Of Engagement Activity	Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	National
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	Institute stand at the Royal Highland Show. Demonstrating focussed activity and discussing the work of the University and the institute in relation to food safety, farm animal welfare, production efficiency, disease resistance etc.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	Interaction with BBC Expert Voices
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	National
Primary Audience	Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact	I produced content and a talk presented to BBC Expert Voices
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017

Description	Interview for NCL Stiftung
Form Of Engagement Activity	A magazine, newsletter or online publication
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Patients, carers and/or patient groups
Results and Impact	Interview with NCL Stiftung following award of the 7th NCL Stiftung research award
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017
URL	http://www.ncl-foundation.com/main/pages/index/p/660

Description	Interview for US national newspaper
Form Of Engagement Activity	A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	Article on gynandromorph birds
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2019

Description	Interview for industry magazine
Form Of Engagement Activity	A magazine, newsletter or online publication
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	National
Primary Audience	Industry/Business
Results and Impact	Interview on gynandromorph birds for Poultry Industry magazine
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2019

Description	Interview for international news article
Form Of Engagement Activity	A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact	An article in Poultry World on GMO for poultry breeding. Influenced poultry farmers and consumers.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017
URL	https://www.poultryworld.net/Genetics/Articles/2017/7/Gene-editing-has-potential-for-future-poultry-...

Description	Interview for podcast and charity newsletter
Form Of Engagement Activity	A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press)
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Patients, carers and/or patient groups
Results and Impact	This was a telephone interview by the BDFA which was made into a podcast and excerpts were included in the charity news letter.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017
URL	http://www.bdfa-uk.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/BDFA-Spring-Newsletter-2017.pdf

Description	Introduction to the Research of the Roslin Institute - Royal Society of Biology Scottish Branch Annual Symposium
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Regional
Primary Audience	Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact	Professor Stevens provided an overview of the research of The Roslin Institute to members of the public and the Royal Society of Biology, who convened for the annual symposium of the RSB Scottish Branch on 14 October 2017 at Roslin. The event coincided with the annual Roslin 'Open Doors' day and featured BBSRC-funded research.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017

Description	Invited seminar Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact	Invited visit to CCHMC to give seminar and discuss future collaborations.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017

Description	Invited seminar LUMC Leiden, the Netherlands
Form Of Engagement Activity	A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact	Invited seminar at the Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017

Description	Invited speaker for EISF (Edinburgh International Science Festival) Panel Session: The Healthcare Revolution. Focus on CRISPR-Cas9. Bruce Whitelaw.
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	Invited speaker for EISF Panel Session: The Healthcare Revolution. Focus on CRISPR-Cas9.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	Invited talk at BSDB/Nordic meeting
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact	Invited talk at joined meeting of the British Society for Developmental Biology and Scandinavian developmental biologists
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017

Description	Irish Radio
Form Of Engagement Activity	A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press)
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	live radio interview on Newstalk on National Radio of Ireland on our publication on hair colour genetics
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	MRC Harwell Institute
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	National
Primary Audience	Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact	This was part of the research institute seminar series. One collaboration arose from the visit to map the functional significance of genes for complex traits across species.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	Meet The Scientists
Form Of Engagement Activity	Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Local
Primary Audience	Schools
Results and Impact	Visit to a local primary school to engage with a questions and answers session about science and science careers
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	Mini Symposium on pluripotent stem cells
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Postgraduate students
Results and Impact	Attendance at a Mini symposium, held at Kumamoto University - Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics. Presented talk entitled " A beta adaptor for stem cell survival"
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	Naked Scientist
Form Of Engagement Activity	A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press)
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	An interview for the NAked Scientist radio programme and podcast about our publication on hair colour genetics
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	News artcile on BBC news website
Form Of Engagement Activity	A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	A press release was developed relating to our publication in BMC Biotechnology describing production and purification of bioactive proteins in the eggs of transgenic hens. This article was written by Pallab Ghosh of BBC and attracted a lot of attention and other news articles across the world. Contacts have been received from interested businesses.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2019
URL	https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-47022070

Description	Newspaper coverage
Form Of Engagement Activity	A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	115 newspaper articles in response to press release about our publication on hair colour genetics
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018,2019

Description	Patient family meeting
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	National
Primary Audience	Patients, carers and/or patient groups
Results and Impact	Batten Disease Family Association annual conference. Presentation of current research from our group to patients and family members and companies with interests in this group of neurodegenerative conditions.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2016,2017
URL	http://www.bdfa-uk.org.uk/category/family-conference/

Description	Pint of Science Edinburgh 2018: Unlocking life's code: CRISPR and you. Bruce Whitelaw.
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Regional
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	"Pint of Science Edinburgh 2018: Unlocking life's code: CRISPR and you"
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018
URL	https://pintofscience.co.uk/event/unlocking-lifes-code-crispr-and-you

Description	Press release
Form Of Engagement Activity	A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Regional
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	Press release -"One (Reproductive) Health" on a study showing the value of cattle as a model to elucidate mechanisms of ovarian function in humans
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017

Description	Press release
Form Of Engagement Activity	A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	Press release in national and international printed and online media-"Body's stem cells could be used to treat bacterial infection" on the identification of mesenchymal stem cells as novel antimicrobials in farm animals"
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	Press release
Form Of Engagement Activity	A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	National
Primary Audience	Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact	Press release - Predicting the future health and productivity of cattle" on a study demonstrating the value of miRNAs as biological predictors of long-life health and productivity in cattle
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	Press release - Hair colour
Form Of Engagement Activity	A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact	The story collected over 127 pieces of coverage with a potential reach of around 9 million in the UK alone. There was quite a bit of pick up in Australia too but we weren't able to get stats from there. The paper has been tweeted about more than 350 times and is still growing. The Altmetric score is already in the top 1% of all papers tracked, and is currently 14th of all Nature Communications papers.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018
URL	https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-07691-z/metrics

Description	Press release on Denton et al 2019-J Exp Med: Lung tissue forms immune cell hubs when needed
Form Of Engagement Activity	A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	A press statement was issued describing our study published in the Journal of Experimental Medicine: Denton et al. 2019 J Exp Med; PMID: 30723095
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2019
URL	https://www.ed.ac.uk/roslin/news-events/latest-news/lung-tissue-immune-cell-hubs?platform=hootsuite&...

Description	Press release pattern formation
Form Of Engagement Activity	A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact	Press release and attributed quote on our work, published, on biological pattern formation February 2019
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2019
URL	https://bbsrc.ukri.org/news/food-security/2019/190221-n-understanding-feather-formation-could-lead-t...

Description	Primary School "Big Science" visit
Form Of Engagement Activity	Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Local
Primary Audience	Schools
Results and Impact	Visit to local primary school as part of their Big Science activity. Discussing science and scientific careers with the pupils and presenting awards to them based on a science project they had recently completed.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	Public talk by Bruce Whitelaw. Esk Valley Trust.
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Local
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	Talk on Roslin science and livestock genetics for Esk Valley Trust.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	Radio NZ
Form Of Engagement Activity	A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press)
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	National
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	Radio interview with New Zealand Radio on our publication on hair colour genetics
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	Roslin Institute Open Day
Form Of Engagement Activity	Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Regional
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	I was involved in discussion about the use of animals in research as well as presenting the imaging work from my own laboratory.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017

Description	Roslin Institute stand at the Royal Highland Show
Form Of Engagement Activity	Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	National
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	Demonstration at stand entitled " Genome Assembly" Attended by general public, farming community and schools Purpose was to inform and educate on the research activity at The Roslin Institute
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	Roslin Open door day
Form Of Engagement Activity	Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	Open day to public to show case the work of the institute
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	STEM ambassador activity
Form Of Engagement Activity	Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Local
Primary Audience	Schools
Results and Impact	STEM Speed dating careers event at Drummond Community High School, 9.30 - 12.00am 8th February 2019 Providing insight to school students (S2 and S3) on career path and research at The Roslin Institute
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2019

Description	SUSS
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Regional
Primary Audience	Schools
Results and Impact	Talk on impact of genome editing technology on society at annual Scottish universities science school.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	School Workshop- Gene Editing
Form Of Engagement Activity	Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Schools
Results and Impact	This workshop was run twice with international secondary school students examining the way in which gene editing technology is current used and could be used in the future, with an emphasis on technology and ethics of gene editing in food production.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018
URL	https://www.ed.ac.uk/easter-bush-campus/science-outreach-centre

Description	School Workshop- PCR A Question of Taste 2018
Form Of Engagement Activity	Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	National
Primary Audience	Schools
Results and Impact	This workshop was run 15 times at the Easter Bush Science Outreach Centre, to school pupils studying Higher Biology and Higher Human Biology attended this hands-on, researcher-supported workshop, which starts by establishing their phenotype for PTC tasting and ends with them discovering their genotype for the TAS2R38 gene, via the techniques of DNA extraction, PCR, restriction digests and gel electrophoresis (all included in the school curriculum). The session was also run for secondary school biology teachers, to provide an update on current DNA lab techniques. Pupils and teachers reported an improved understanding of the techniques used, especially PCR, after taking part in the workshop as well as an increased interest in genetics and its applications after meeting researchers.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018
URL	https://www.ed.ac.uk/easter-bush-campus/science-outreach-centre

Description	School Workshop- PCR A Question of Taste 2019
Form Of Engagement Activity	Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	National
Primary Audience	Schools
Results and Impact	This workshop was run once at the Easter Bush Science Outreach Centre, to school pupils studying Higher Biology and Higher Human Biology attended this hands-on, researcher-supported workshop, which starts by establishing their phenotype for PTC tasting and ends with them discovering their genotype for the TAS2R38 gene, via the techniques of DNA extraction, PCR, restriction digests and gel electrophoresis (all included in the school curriculum). The session was also run for secondary school biology teachers, to provide an update on current DNA lab techniques. Pupils and teachers reported an improved understanding of the techniques used, especially PCR, after taking part in the workshop as well as an increased interest in genetics and its applications after meeting researchers
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2019
URL	https://www.ed.ac.uk/easter-bush-campus/science-outreach-centre

Description	School visit
Form Of Engagement Activity	Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Regional
Primary Audience	Schools
Results and Impact	During the Midlothian Science festival, I visited 5 primary schools in Midlothian, holding 15 workshops in total, on the topic of women in science, and on my work as a scientist. Additionally, we created a bespoke colouring book featuring Roslin women in science to give to the children for the event.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018
URL	http://www.ed.ac.uk/roslin/community-engagement/resources

Description	School visit (Peebles, Scottish Borders)
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Regional
Primary Audience	Schools
Results and Impact	As part of Digital Learning Week at Kingsland Primary School, Peebles I spoke to 3 classes of 20-25 Primary 2 pupils about how I use digital technology in my scientific research . There were lots of questions from the children about both technology and working in science.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017

Description	School visit to St David's RC Primary
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Local
Primary Audience	Schools
Results and Impact	A general talk on the science the science of molecular biology to young (7-10 year olds) by Dr Babarah Shih
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017

Description	Science Insights Research Taster Session
Form Of Engagement Activity	Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Local
Primary Audience	Schools
Results and Impact	Science Insights Research Taster Session - hosting of 2 high school students in the laboratory for one day
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	Science Insights work experience for S5 school pupils
Form Of Engagement Activity	Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Local
Primary Audience	Schools
Results and Impact	We ran our Science Insights work experience programme for local school pupils on 24-28 July 2017. 38 S5 pupils attended, 20 of whom worked in the Roslin Institute for 2 days alongside BBSRC-supported researchers from this ISP, including our core-funded staff scientists. All 38 students also had a tour of the Langhill farm and attended a presentation and debate about the use of animals in research. Students also had the opportunity to discuss career paths and what it is like to work as a research scientist.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017
URL	https://www.ed.ac.uk/roslin/working/opportunities/young-people/science-insights

Description	Stand at the Royal Highland Show, including Genetic Toolbox exhibit.
Form Of Engagement Activity	Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	National
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	Roslin Institute stand at the Royal Highland Show 22-25 June 2017. Approximately 25 Roslin Institute staff and students were involved. Exhibits of relevance to this ISP included A Genetic Toolbox exhibit, highlighting the heritable nature of traits and how these can be selected or changed.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017

Description	TEDx Talk by Professor Helen Sang on 'Why do we need GM chickens?'
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	Professor Helen Sang delivered a Tedx Talk in Glasgow on 2 June 2017 on 'Why do we need GM chickens?'. The event was attended by approximately 1700 people and has been shared online with over 900 views. It highlighted the challenge of achieving global food security and the potential of BBSRC-funded research to improve poultry, including via genetic alteration. Examples for ongoing research using GM poultry in this programme were shared.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017
URL	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DUbqrh5otWs

Description	TV interview
Form Of Engagement Activity	A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press)
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	National
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	TV news interview about our publication on hair colour genetics
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	Talk Radio
Form Of Engagement Activity	A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press)
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	National
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	live radio interview on TalkRadio on our publication on hair colour genetics
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2019

Description	Talk at AAAS annual meeting, Washington DC. Bruce Whitelaw. "Genome Edited Livestock and Regulatory Stalemates"
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact	"Genome Edited Livestock and Regulatory Stalemates" at AAAS annual meeting, Washington DC.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2019

Description	Talk to Schools "Discover Veterinary medicine and Agricultural Sciences"
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Regional
Primary Audience	Schools
Results and Impact	I spoke about my life as a scientist to raise awareness of career routes in STEM
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	Talk to patient group for Primary Ciliay Dyskinesia
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	National
Primary Audience	Patients, carers and/or patient groups
Results and Impact	To mark PCD Awareness Day I talked on my models for PCD and the potential for large animal models using genome engineering
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	Teaching at 10th Advanced Paediatric Oncology Course (APOC), Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact	Teaching at this course for paediatric oncology nurses
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017

Description	The Avian Immunology Research Group (AIRG) 2018 meeting
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact	Oral presentation "Identification and characterisation of avian conventional dendritic cells"
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	The Chromatin Laboratory
Form Of Engagement Activity	Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact	Welcome to the Chromatin Laboratory, run by Dr Douglas Vernimmen and part of the Developmental Biology Division at The Roslin Institute. Dr Vernimmen introduces his laboratory and gives insight into his team's work, before each of his team members gives a brief overview of their position and role. Thanks to Dr Vernimmen and all of his team for taking part and granting access into their laboratory. Thanks also to Professor Mark Stevens for providing the voice over, Patricia Hart and Norrie Russell for technical assistance and Tom Mortimer for the filming and editing. Find out more about Doug and his group on The Roslin Website here: http://www.ed.ac.uk/roslin/chromatin-biology-epigenetics Music - Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) - Licensed under Creative Commons.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2015
URL	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yLdpMcpwyFw

Description	The Food Chain
Form Of Engagement Activity	A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press)
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	BBC World Service radio interview on genetically engineered livestock for The Food Chain
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	The Human Body activities at a BBC-sponsored Edinburgh Festival event
Form Of Engagement Activity	Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Local
Primary Audience	Schools
Results and Impact	Researchers from The Roslin Institute joined colleagues from across the University's College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine in the grounds of George Heriot's School in central Edinburgh to deliver family-friendly activities about 'The Human Body' on 15 August 2017. The event was part of a series of science-themed activities hosted by the BBC at the Edinburgh Festivals to support BBC Learning's 'Terrific Scientific' campaign, which aims to inspire children and young people to engage with science. Our staff and Ph.D students ran interactive activities about their research on lungs and skin, including inflating and examining real pig lungs, comparing healthy and diseased organs, and a chance for visitors to use their craft skills to make a model of their skin. Other activities at the event included anatomy face and body painting and a chance to see dissections of animal brains and hearts close-up. An estimated 1,400 family visitors were engaged, with great questions about our research and what it's like to work as a scientist.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017
URL	https://www.ed.ac.uk/roslin/community-engagement/public-events/events-archive/the-human-body-bbc-at-...

Description	Tissue distribution and dynamic regulation of chicken peptide YY (PYY)
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact	18th International Congress of Comparative Endocrinology , Communication of work by PhD student which as will be apparent from the URL was a great learning and confidence building experience
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2017
URL	https://goabroadfund.wordpress.com/2017/10/23/18th-international-congress-of-comparative-endocrinolo...

Description	Twitter hair colour
Form Of Engagement Activity	Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	526 twitter responses to newspaper reports on our publication on hair colour genetics
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018,2019

Description	Visit by Bill Gates and the Secretary of State for the Department of International Development
Form Of Engagement Activity	A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	Bill Gates and the Secretary of State for the Department of International Development (DfID; Rt Hon Penny Mordaunt) visited The Roslin Institute on 26 January 2018. This involved separate sessions with the Gates Foundation and DfID to learn about the research undertaken by the Centre for Tropical Livestock Genetics & Health (CTLGH), in which the Roslin Institute is a major partner and researchers in the Institute Strategic Programmes are heavily involved. DfID announced £4m of funding for the CTLGH, adding to £10m already received from the Gates Foundation. In the presence of the Principal of the University of Edinburgh, Bill Gates and the Rt Hon Penny Mordaunt formally opened the Global Academy for Agriculture & Food Security which will provide undergraduate and postgraduate training in sustainable agriculture. The event took place in the new Campus Innovation Building (which received BBSRC strategic funding). The University of Edinburgh press office tracked the following activity related to the visit, in which many participants in the ISPs were involved: • 109 individual articles and broadcast pieces that mentioned the University with regards to the visit, with an estimated potential reach of more than 7 million people. • Of these, more than half of the coverage mentioned one of more of the Global Academy of Agriculture & Food Security, the Centre for Tropical Livestock Genetics & Health, SEBI, the Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Roslin or the Easter Bush Campus in addition to name checking the University. • In addition to the UK, we also attracted press coverage in the USA, France, New Zealand, China, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Botswana, Taiwan and Egypt. • Across social media, we reached more than 1.4 million people with 14k+ engagements (likes, shares, retweets etc). Of these, 99.8% were positive. • The Facebook Live streaming alone reached more than 100k people. More than 18k people have watched the video. • Our news videos have garnered more than 35k views across platforms. • We tracked a spike in traffic to the Global Academy website on the day of the visit - 1405 visits (11 times the average for the previous month).
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	Visiting undergrad students Wyoming
Form Of Engagement Activity	A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Undergraduate students
Results and Impact	I discussed the effects of Brexit on science funding and networking with visiting undergrad students from Wyoming
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	Wellcome Trust Schools Symposium
Form Of Engagement Activity	Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Regional
Primary Audience	Schools
Results and Impact	Opening speaker in the Wellcome Trust Summer Symposium for school students (penultimate year of school), discussed the use of genetic techniques in agriculture and how my career developed in science.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018

Description	article around function of microRNA levels in the blood
Form Of Engagement Activity	A magazine, newsletter or online publication
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact	article around function of microRNA levels in the blood on health and productivity of cattle, article appeared in various national and international journals of professional animal practitioners, industry journals and in various newspapers
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018
URL	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-31099-w

Description	article around gene expression and sex differences in chickens
Form Of Engagement Activity	A magazine, newsletter or online publication
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	Local
Primary Audience	Other audiences
Results and Impact	article around gene expression and sex difference in chickens, appearing on the Roslin Institute webpages
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018
URL	https://doi.org/10.1186/s13293-018-0178-6

Description	article around the link between fighting bacterial infection and Mesenchymal Stem Cells from horses
Form Of Engagement Activity	A magazine, newsletter or online publication
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact	article appeared in various professional animal practitioners' publications both national and international
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018
URL	https://doi.org/10.1089/scd.2017.0241

Description	series of gene-editing based video articles posted on social media
Form Of Engagement Activity	Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme?	No
Geographic Reach	International
Primary Audience	Public/other audiences
Results and Impact	series of gene-editing videos to explain the concept of gene editing, the tools used and the outlook for the future
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity	2018