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Quantum Technology Capital: An extensible simulation and test platform for quantum and quantum enabled technologies

Lead Research Organisation: University of Oxford
Department Name: Materials

Abstract

Quantum technologies require complex control systems and packaging to ensure that the quantum effects that they use are not corrupted by their environment or external disturbances such as magnetic fields. At present most approaches to packaging these systems are developed by building a prototype and measuring its performance. This is a time consuming and costly exercise, and it leads to a wide range of different approaches to solving the same problem.

Complex simulation tools, which allow a 'virtual' prototype of the control and packaging to be created are beginning to be applied to these systems. The aim of this proposal is to build on this, and develop standard methods that allow detailed simulation of a wide range of quantum technologies. These models and methods will be evaluated by using a test platform to measure the performance of the 'real' hardware against the simulated prototype. This will allow us to rapidly refine the modelling and build a knowledge base of approaches to this type of problem. Finally we will test the subsystems more fully hardware in the loop approach methods to evaluate the real hardware operation within a larger system simulation.

Our approach will be to focus on Ion-trap technologies initially, and then apply these approaches to molecular devices and microwave to optical conversion devices. A successful programme will lead to the development of design and testing methods that will accelerate the development of a range of quantum technologies

Planned Impact

The test and simulation methodologies developed and the quantum technologies undergoing testing during this project will benefit a wide range of sectors; from increasing the skills base of the UKs quantum engineers to providing new products and services that will ultimately benefit end-users and consumers.

The next generation of quantum engineers
We will offer the facility for use by other hubs and industry, with training provided in the simulation and testing techniques developed. By training quantum science postgraduate students and PDRAs in device simulation and testing they will gain an understanding of the engineering work required to develop quantum technologies towards market relevance, enhancing the UK skills base in quantum engineering.

Companies developing test equipment
By developing novel methodologies for the test and simulation of quantum technologies and their systems, new market opportunities will open for the manufacturers of the test equipment used. This will lead to economic benefits for these companies and improved test equipment to fit the needs of those designing and manufacturing quantum technologies.

Companies developing quantum technologies
The manufacturers of quantum technologies for end users will benefit from standardised testing methodologies, leading to faster development time for new products and improved reliability and manufacturability of existing technologies.

The quantum technologies that will use the testing equipment as part of this bid will be advanced closer to market, providing wide ranging benefits to manufacturers by opening up new market opportunities and enabling the development of novel devices.

End users of quantum technologies
Those applying quantum technologies to applications will benefit from the development of novel devices and improved underpinning technologies. Sectors that will benefit include:

- Telecommunications (particularly secure communication technologies)
- Computing
- Information engineering
- Sensors and metrology
- Defence
 
Description Machine learning can be used to tune quantum devices much more efficiently than a human is able to.
Exploitation Route I submitted a paper to EPSRC in 2018. As far as I know, no action has been taken.
Sectors Creative Economy

Digital/Communication/Information Technologies (including Software)

Healthcare

URL https://andrewbriggs.org/
 
Description We have communicated the findings to several UK early stage companies. The company QuantrolOx was spun out from the University of Oxford in 2021. The European Innovation Council awarded QuantrolOx €10.5 million in 2022. The EIC jury commented "The company is of strategic importance for EU sovereignty in quantum computing."
First Year Of Impact 2021
Sector Creative Economy,Digital/Communication/Information Technologies (including Software),Healthcare
Impact Types Economic

 
Title CCDC 2225521: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination 
Description Related Article: Qiang Chen, Alessandro Lodi, Heng Zhang, Alex Gee, Hai I. Wang, Fanmiao Kong, Michael Clarke, Matthew Edmondson, Jack Hart, James N. O'Shea, Wojciech Stawski, Jonathan Baugh, Akimitsu Narita, Alex Saywell, Mischa Bonn, Klaus Müllen, Lapo Bogani, Harry L. Anderson |2024|Nature Chemistry|16|1133|doi:10.1038/s41557-024-01477-1 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2024 
Provided To Others? Yes  
URL http://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/services/structure_request?id=doi:10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc2dpv0z&sid=DataCite
 
Company Name QuantrolOx 
Description QuantrolOx develops machine learning algorithms for quantum computers. 
Year Established 2021 
Impact QuantrolOx is already selling licences within Europe and beyond to customers for the development and deployment of quantum computers and their components. In awarding funding of over 10 million Euros, the European Innovation Council observed, 'The company is of strategic importance for EU sovereignty in quantum computing.' The feedback from customers is that Quantum EDGE accelerates the optimisation and characterisation of their devices by a factor of a hundred or more, giving them a significant advantage over their competitors.
Website http://quantrolox.com
 
Description Consultation with Anglican Bishops from around the world. 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Third sector organisations
Results and Impact The Bishop of Oxford writes:

We sat at the feet of two world-leading scientists, both committed Christians, working in turn on a very small scale and a very large scale. Francis Collins is currently the Science Advisor to the US President. He led the Human Genome Project and was director of the US National Institutes of Health from 2009 to 2021. Francis spoke openly of the integration of his faith with science throughout his life (he has written an account of this in the New York Times bestseller: The Language of God: A scientist presents evidence for belief). Francis spoke of the joy of reading God's two books in creation and scripture (to use the language of both John Calvin and Francis Bacon). He spoke movingly of his conversion from atheism to Christianity through science. He encouraged the bishops to engage confidently with questions of science in the areas of gene editing; climate change and pandemics. One of his chilling statistics was that on his estimate around 230,000 people died from COVID in the USA because of a distrust of vaccinations or the vaccines available. Churches and faith communities are vital for the rebuilding of trust in scientists.

Our second guest was Jennifer Wiseman, a senior astrophysicist with NASA who has been very closely involved with studying the remarkable discoveries made through Hubble and James Webb telescopes. Jennifer described for us (with amazing slides) a universe which is beautiful, active, enormous and progressing - not static but living, changing and expanding. Jennifer too described her faith, the sense of an inner purpose to the physical universe and her fundamental response to these discoveries of awe and wonder at creation and the God who made all of this.

Our third input from scientists was a field trip on the second day of the consultation to the National Institutes of Health in Washington, a massive publicly-funded research centre and hospital with an annual budget of $50 billion (a larger GDP than many countries). We were met by the Director herself, Monica Bertagnolli and several senior members of her team and then in groups taken round working laboratories. My group met a research team who had been working for three decades on a cure for sickle cell disease and had made several recent and life-changing breakthroughs. The abiding message from the visit was that, again, the scientists urged the church leaders to find ways to engage, to build bridges, so that two knowledge systems of science and faith could speak to each other for the benefit of all.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2024
URL https://blogs.oxford.anglican.org/an-account-of-the-first-ever-global-gathering-of-provincial-lead-b...
 
Description How does electricity flow through small objects? (Oxford Sparks animation) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press)
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact How does electricity flow through small objects? An animation by Oxford Sparks for a wide audience, including schoolchildren.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
URL https://www.oxfordsparks.ox.ac.uk/content/how-does-electricity-flow-through-small-objects
 
Description Oxford Science + Ideas Festival 2020 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact We presented 3 booths and demonstrations at the online activity.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
URL https://if-oxford.com/welcome-page/
 
Description Oxford Science + Ideas Festival 2022 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Public debate facilitated by a TV broadcaster focussed on my book "Human Flourishing: scientific insight and spiritual wisdom in uncertain times", published by Oxford University Press 2021.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://if-oxford.com/welcome-page/
 
Description The Curious Science Quest (OUMNH) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Schools
Results and Impact The Curious Science Quest: presentation by Julia Golding of her series for children based on The Penultimate Curiosity by Roger Wagner and Andrew Briggs, held at the Oxford University Museum of Natural History.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
URL http://goldinggateway.com/julia-golding/curious-science-quest/
 
Description The Curious Science Quest (RI) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Schools
Results and Impact Julia Golding presented The Curious Science Quest to an audience of schoolchildren and general public at the Royal Institution.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
URL http://goldinggateway.com/julia-golding/curious-science-quest/
 
Description Wigner Distinguished Lecture (ORNL) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact ORNL's Eugene P. Wigner Distinguished Lecture Series in Science, Technology, and Policy promotes dialogue among Oak Ridge researchers and renowned leaders in science, industry, and government. The invited lecturers bring distinct perspectives to the lab's community of scientists and engineers, whose scientific discoveries and technological breakthroughs target some of the world's most pressing problems.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016
URL https://www.ornl.gov/content/wigner-distinguished-lecture-series