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Radical Electron-spin-light Interface Dynamics

Lead Research Organisation: Swansea University
Department Name: College of Science

Abstract

REID will design and test molecular systems with unpaired electrons that interface light and quantum-mechanical spin states.

The electron spin-up and down states in molecules have spin properties that are attractive for quantum bits (qubits) in quantum information science (QIS). Step-change advancements from exploiting molecular spins are anticipated in: memory (higher density), computing (higher speed), communication (higher security) and sensing (higher sensitivity). For molecules to be used here, the light interface with molecular spins must be established for initialisation, manipulation and probing of spin states. Nitrogen-vacancy diamond defects have led the way for quantum technologies which use an optical-spin interface from ground state and excited-state energy levels. However higher tunability and more controllable qubit locations is achievable by chemistry and molecular qubits.

The starting point for REID is my previous work where I demonstrated that luminescent pi-radicals with unpaired electrons are usable as doublet-spin manifolds for more efficient optoelectronics. There is now an opportunity to create altogether new technology platforms in QIS from the optical, spin and magnetic properties of unpaired electrons with a molecular optical-spin interface.

Novel spin and energy manifolds will be designed in REID from precise control over positioning of unpaired electrons in molecular structures. The optical-spin systems will be studied by magneto-optical spectroscopy to give unique insights into new photo- and spin physics, with focus from the spin sub-levels to molecular energy levels.

REID will test the molecular-spin systems as quantum sensors with exceptional sensitivity of weak magnetic fields, even from individual nuclei in solution and solid-state environments.
 
Description Design of molecular systems showing light absorption and emission linked to multi-electron coupled excited states with potential applications as sensors.
Exploitation Route We have discovered general design principles to tune the optical and magnetic properties of molecular materials, which can be taken forward by others to produce new materials with specific target properties in their applications (e.g. imaging).
Sectors Digital/Communication/Information Technologies (including Software)

Electronics

Energy

 
Description HEFCW Research Wales Committee Member
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Participation in a guidance/advisory committee
 
Description EPSRC ECR International Collaboration Grant
Amount £165,698 (GBP)
Funding ID EP/Y002555/1 
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 03/2024 
End 03/2026
 
Title Dataset for 'Reversible spin-optical interface in luminescent organic radicals' 
Description Contains data from optical spectroscopy, electron spin resonance, optically detected magnetic resonance, and theoretical calculations. 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2023 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact Contains data from optical spectroscopy, electron spin resonance, optically detected magnetic resonance, and theoretical calculations. 
URL https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/items/6c3fcfd9-9295-4f4b-9bb4-96950ef26f8b
 
Title Research data supporting "Efficient near-infrared organic light-emitting diodes with emission from spin doublet excitons" 
Description The zip folder contains the raw data needed to generate the figures. All files are formatted using the TXT file type. Fig. 1 files include steady-state PL and absorption data for the samples from the fluorimeter and UV-VIs spectrometer. Fig. 2 files include device data. They are generated from a Keithley 2635 sourcemeter, a Si photodiode, and a spectrometer. Fig. 3 files include transient and magneto EL data. They are obtained from ICCD with the function generator for transient EL and magnet cores with a spectrometer for magneto EL. Fig. 4 files include transient absorption and photoluminescence data. They are obtained under laser excitation, and absorption (transmitance) and photoluminescence are measured over time. See the main manuscript and supplementary information for more details. 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2024 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact Contribution to available datasets for optoelectronic properties of organic radicals. 
URL https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/366683
 
Title Research data supporting "Fast Transfer of Triplet to Doublet Excitons from Organometallic Host to Organic Radical Semiconductors" 
Description Contains 1 zip file within which there are 20 csv or xlsx datasets as follows: Fig_1b and Fig_1c contain steady-state absorption and photoluminescence measurements (x-axis wavelength in nm, y-axis counts), Fig_1d contains normalised transient photoluminescence data (x-axis time in s, y-axis counts) of TTM-3PCz and CMA-CF3 molecular emitters. Fig_2a is the complete 2D transient absorption dataset from which exciton dynamics in 3% TTM-3PCz in CMA-CF3 blend are studied (x-axis time in s, y-axis probe wavelength in nm, z-axis deltaT/T signal). Fig_2b contains spectra extracted from the same 2D dataset (x-axis wavelength in nm, y-axis counts). Fig_2c contains populations of excited states extracted from several 2D TA datasets (x-axis time in s, y-axis counts). Fig_3 contains temperature dependent transient photoluminescence measurements within which a series is the blend and b series is pristine CMA-CF3; and Main (x-axis time in us, y-axis counts) and Inset presents the same data but integrated (x-axis time in s, y-axis normalised integrated counts). Temperatures labelled in K. Fig_4b contains the EQE curve of the OLED device (x-axis current density in mA/cm2, y-axis EQE), Fig_4c contains current density vs. voltage and radiance vs. voltage data, Fig_4d contains electroluminescence spectra at several voltages. 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2024 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact Contribution to available datasets for optoelectronic properties of organic radicals. 
URL https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/369539
 
Title Research data supporting 'Reversible spin-optical interface in luminescent organic radicals' 
Description Contains data from optical spectroscopy, electron spin resonance, optically detected magnetic resonance, and theoretical calculations. 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2023 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact Contribution to available datasets for magnetic and optical properties of organic radicals. 
URL https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/354250
 
Description Royal Society Summer Science Exhibition 2023 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact In 2023 I co-led a 'Radicals!' exhibit between Swansea University and University of Manchester, which was a hands-on demonstration of magnetic resonance for the public at the Royal Society Summer Science Exhibition. Here I developed the experiments where the public (from 8 to 80 year olds) could measure the magnetic properties of electrons in every day objects such as coffee and blu-tac using a benchtop electron spin resonance spectrometer. Through this engagement, the team was then able to educate the wider public that my research is developing materials with strong light interactions in addition to the magnetic properties they measured, with potential applications that span from more energy-efficient light-emitting devices to more sensitive sensors in quantum technology. This exhibit made a very significant impact by engaging with over 200 people.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
URL https://royalsociety.org/science-events-and-lectures/2023/07/radicals/