Making Space for the Poor: Law, Rights, Regulation and Street-Trade in the 21st Century
Lead Research Organisation:
CARDIFF UNIVERSITY
Department Name: Cardiff School of Planning and Geography
Abstract
Abstracts are not currently available in GtR for all funded research. This is normally because the abstract was not required at the time of proposal submission, but may be because it included sensitive information such as personal details.
People |
ORCID iD |
| Alison Brown (Principal Investigator) | |
| Michal Lyons (Co-Investigator) |
Publications
Brown A
(2014)
A refugee in my own country: Evictions or property rights in the urban informal economy?
in Urban Studies
Brown A
(2017)
Street trading in the shadows of the Arab Spring
in Environment and Urbanization
Brown A
(2017)
Politics and Street Trading in Africa: Developing a Comparative Frame
in Articulo - revue de sciences humaines
Brown A
(2015)
Claiming the Streets: Property Rights and Legal Empowerment in the Urban Informal Economy
in World Development
Habitat III Expert Committee
(2016)
Policy Paper 1: Right to the City and Cities for All
Lyons M
(2013)
Do Micro Enterprises Benefit from the 'Doing Business' Reforms? The Case of Street-Vending in Tanzania
in Urban Studies
Lyons M
(2013)
Pro-Poor Business Law? On MKURABITA and the Legal Empowerment of Tanzania's Street Vendors
in Hague Journal on the Rule of Law
| Description | RESEARCH SUMMARY In many cities of the global south, informal employment now provides 60-80% of urban jobs. Street trade is one of the informal economy's largest, most visible and contested domains. Legislation covering street trade is complex, poorly documented and erratically applied, and many traders face constant risk of devastating and unpredictable evictions. The research explored the fragmented and plural regulatory environment facing street traders, and conflicts between formal and informal regulatory systems that deepen vulnerabilities for the working poor. The research drew on three core academic debates: the role of law in urban development; the paradigm of legal empowerment of the poor, and the potential of rights-based approaches in supporting fragile urban livelihoods. Case studies in three main cities with different legal traditions, Dakar, Dar es Salaam, and Ahmedabad, draw on extensive interviews with street traders, local authority officials and others, supplemented by a literature review of street trading and the law in Durban. The cities are all major trade centres, representing different economic and poverty scenarios and different legal traditions. British Academy grants funded parallel research in Latin America (Cusco and Quito) and North Africa (Cairo and Tunis). The research found widespread politicisation of street trade, harassment, evictions and marginalisation of street traders that suggests an urgent need for legal review, and 'rights regimes' that respect the right to work. The research calls for legal empowerment that strengthens access to justice for street traders and informal economy workers, and for a reconceptualisation of urban public space as a land resource with access rights for the working poor balanced with the space needs of other urban actors. Researchers are working with grassroots trader associations to strengthen knowledge of urban regulations, and with global organisations, eg: UN-Habitat, WIEGO, CLGF and HIC to ensure that research outputs contribute to improved policy development and support informal economy livelihoods. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS With a focus on street trade, the research sought to understand the risks and vulnerabilities to urban livelihoods of operating in plural and contradictory legal and regulatory environments. The research addresses a gap in the literature as despite extensive debate on 'illegal cities' discussion of law and regulation for economies of the urban poor has been limited. The research hypothesis was that the urban informal economy operates in a fragmented and plural regulatory environment, with conflicts between formal and informal regulatory systems that exacerbate risks, vulnerabilities and exclusions of the working poor that are hugely damaging to the security and stability of their livelihoods. Understanding and addressing the risks and conflicts is crucial to developing an enabling, pro-poor regulatory environment. The objectives were to study the plural legal regulatory process in case-study cities, in each examining: the dynamics of street trade; its formal and informal regulation; critical conflicts for street traders, eg: harassment and evictions, and how an understanding of these can strengthen pro-poor regulatory frameworks. Four main data collection methods were used: a literature review on law, legal pluralism and urban development; a legal review in each city of regulations affecting street trade; semi-structured trader interviews, with 516 in the three main cities and 471 in other locations; and extended key informant interviews. KEY FINDINGS In all the cities studied, street trading is illegal across multiple domains. Despite constitutional rights to life and rights to work, legislation on urban planning, highways, land and business regulation criminalises street trading, and a municipal governments have many powers under police or public nuisance law to evict street traders. Street traders suffer acute problems, and 93% of traders interviewed in the three main cities had experienced disruptive shocks of harassment, confiscation of goods, fines or evictions. However traders' responses to illegality are very different. Dakar: In francophone Sénégal, traders found that direct action gave them more political sway than negotiating the law. In 2000 they lobbied the president to gain reprieve, but in 2007 Dakar's Governor sought to 'tidy' the streets and city-centre evictions ensued. Traders rioted in protest paralysing the CBD, and again the president intervened. Public opposition to these extensive clearances led to a more permissive policy on street trading; traders formed associations and dialogue with the city council ensued. Nevertheless, a third of traders interviewed had been evicted, and 'les émeutes' were an ongoing fear. Dar es Salaam: Extensive support for street traders during the 1990s as part of the Sustainable Cities project was reversed since 2000. In 2003 cancellation of the hawkers' licences made trading illegal. However, informality remained rife, and in 2005 some 60-70% of jobs in Dar es Salaam were thought to be informal. Although the government had adopted a property and business formalisation programme, in 2006 a central directive to municipalities initiated widespread evictions, affecting perhaps a million street traders. Trader associations are weak and in Dar es Salaam, 71% of interviewees had suffered eviction. From 2011, the ruling party's fragile tenure created a partial truce, but street traders face continuing uncertainty. Ahmedabad: In India fundamental rights are enshrined in the Constitution, and in 1985 a pavement dwellers' lawsuit in Mumbai argued that the constitutional 'right to life' includes a 'right to a livelihood', although the case was only partially upheld. State legislation rarely prohibits street trade but public space restrictions make its operation illegal. Street vendors successfully advocated for the introduction of the 2004/9 'National Policy on Urban Street Vendors' but this has been unevenly implemented. Of 200 interviewees, 80% had suffered evictions. In Ahmedabad, the Self-Employed Women's Association (SEWA) brought successful Public Interest Litigation (PIL) against the municipal corporation to implement the policy, and in an excellent pilot project is now negotiating for agreed trading space. The federal government's 'Street Vendors (Protection of Livelihood and Regulation of Street Vending) Act', 2014 supports enabling approaches to street vending, but has still to be implemented at state level. Durban: Since 1994 national policy has sought to balance neoliberal reforms and grassroots development. In Durban, despite pioneering physical and legal frameworks for formalising street trade, tensions between the city government and traders continue. Street traders have been very effective in using legal processes to claim legitimacy. Municipal policy towards street traders fluctuated dramatically. Deregulation under the 1991 Business Act allowed trading to flourish but a 1993 amendment reinstated control. In 1999 in Durban, the city council's Warwick Junction project initiated an exemplary capital programme to manage street trade, and in 2001 the new eThekwini Municipal Council adopted an Informal Economy Policy. Public realm management in 2005 and 2010 FIFA World Cup projects reintroduced repression, but traders have since won court cases opposing redevelopment of trading areas for a shopping mall, which has now been cancelled. Cairo and Tunis: In Cairo and Tunis the research examined how street traders fared after the 2011 Arab Revolutions. In Cairo, since the 2011 Revolution, numbers increased rapidly with an influx of traders from Upper Egypt. Although the revolution brought a short respite for traders, the 2013 change in government has led to further evictions of street traders. In Tunis since 2011, street trading, known as known as 'commerce de la débrouille' (commerce of resourcefulness) has significantly increased. Street trading is mainly regulated by elected local councils, 'collectivités locales', through laws and decrees relating to local government, fee collection, highways and planning law. Since 2011, there has been a slight decrease in harassment and evictions, and wider recognition of the need to support local entrepreneurship. The focus on decentralisation in the 2014 Tunisian constitution will put more emphasis on local action. Cusco and Quito: In these Andean cities more than 6,500 traders were removed from the streets in the early 2000s. The research aimed to examine how recent policy developments informed by the 'right to the city' ideal were affecting street traders. In both cities relatively tolerant policies have emerged. In Cusco, traders initially sidestepped spatial controls restricting on-street trading to create new courtyard markets. This trader resilience prompted anti-street trading policies to be revisited, although confiscations are still frequent and the streets remain heavily policed. In Quito, policies are founded on a more stable rights-based approach. The 2008 constitution includes a 'right to the city', a right to participate and a right that traders should not have goods confiscated. However, traders still face confiscations and difficulties obtaining trading licences with limited means of redress. In both cities there is a recognition of the economic need for traders to work, but a failure to recognise the informal economy as a desirable part of the city economy. |
| Exploitation Route | The findings are relevant to an international policy audience promoting social and economic inclusion of low-income urban residence, good governance, and economic growth, including multilateral agencies, national governments, local government, NGOs and member-based organisations of street traders. The strategy to achieve impact is explained further in the Narrative Impact section. |
| Sectors | Communities and Social Services/Policy,Creative Economy,Government, Democracy and Justice |
| URL | http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/cplan/research/informal-economy |
| Description | A Systems Approach to Air Pollution in East Africa (ASAP), with University of Birmingham |
| Amount | £1,198,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | East Africa Research Fund |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| Country | Kenya |
| Start | 09/2017 |
| End | 01/2020 |
| Description | Cardiff University: Impact Acceleration Award |
| Amount | £25,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | Economic and Social Research Council |
| Department | ESRC Seminar Series |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 03/2016 |
| End | 12/2017 |
| Description | Small-scale research project |
| Amount | £8,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | Reall |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 05/2016 |
| End | 06/2017 |
| Description | Advisory Board, Kuala Lumpur Declaration, WUF9, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Advisory Board Member, advisors to Government of Malaysia in drafting the Kuala Lumpur Declaration, World Urban Forum 9: Cities for All: Implementing the New Urban Agenda, February 2018, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | http://wuf9.org/kuala-lumpur-declaration/ |
| Description | Anonymous livelihoods: reintegration and recovery after conflict, ECAS, University of Basel |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Presentation to ECAS, the 7th European Conference on African Studies, 29 June-1 July 2017, Panel 121, "The ones who moved to the town: Informal DDR through urbanisation", University of Basel, Switzerland |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| URL | https://www.nomadit.co.uk/ecas/ecas2017/panels.php5?PanelID=4935 |
| Description | Chair and Convener, Expert Working Group, Enabling Productivity in the Urban Informal Economy, Surabaya, Indonesia |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Third sector organisations |
| Results and Impact | Expert Working Group, Enabling Productivity in the Urban Informal Economy, Habitat III Preparatory Committee III, with WIEGO, Bumi Surabaya City Resort, Surabaya, Indonesia, 28 July 2016. Working group held to inform preparation of the UN-Habitat report on 'Enhancing Productivity in the Urban Informal Economy' |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| Description | Chair, Special Session on the Informal Sector, Launch of the report 'Enhancing Economic Productivity in the Urban Informal Economy', Habitat III |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Special Session on the Informal Sector, Casa de la Cultura, Quito, Tues 18 Oct, 2016, Habitat III, UN Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban Development,17-21 October 2016. Debate around the Habitat III Issues Paper on the 'Informal Sector', with presentations from WIEGO worker leaders, experts and the ILO |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| URL | https://habitat3.org/programme/page/2/?d=2016-10-19 |
| Description | Cities of Informality, Cardiff, UK |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Cardiff School of Geography and Planning, Evening Event, Cardiff University |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | Enhancing the potential of Africa's urban informal economies, Co-creating Inclusive Lagos, HBS, Lagos, Nigeria |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Co-creating Inclusive Lagos, 4 July 2017, Workshop of worker unions, governments and academics, Heinrich Böll Stiftung, Lagos |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| URL | https://calendar.boell.de/en/event/co-creating-inclusive-lagos |
| Description | Fostering Local Enterprise: Supporting the Informal Economy in Fragile Cities, CLGF Biennial Conference, Malta |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | "Fit for the Future: Resources and Capacity for Effective Local Government", Commonwealth Local Government Forum (CLGF) Biennial Conference. Working Group 4 - Cities and Trade: the role of local government in promoting trade and investment, 21-23 Nov, Malta |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| URL | http://www.clgf.org.uk/conferences/ |
| Description | Global Urban Lecture, The Urban Informal Economy, UN-Habitat video |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press) |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | UN-Habitat's Global Urban Lectures are a free resource of video lectures open to use for academic, professional or personal purposes, launched in 2014 to focus on subjects related to cities and urbanization. This lecture examined the significance of the urban informal economy, challenges to policy delivery, opportunities for economic inclusion and the informal economy's contribution to post-conflict recovery. The lecture was published on 9 October 2018, and by 8 March 2019 had received 1,128 views. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YrJ455j5d2o |
| Description | Invited Speaker, Street-Level Perspective on Rights, European Regional Meeting on the Right to the City |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Third sector organisations |
| Results and Impact | European Regional Meeting on the Right to the City, Global Platform on the Right to the City, Barcelona, 2-3 April, 2016 |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| URL | http://www.righttothecityplatform.org.br/event/european-meeting/?lang=es |
| Description | Launch of - Trends in Urban Resilience, 2017 - UN-Habitat Report, WUF9 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Side Event, World Urban Forum 9: Cities for All, Implementing the New Urban Agenda, February 2018, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | https://unhabitat.org/books/trends-in-urban-resilience-2017/ |
| Description | Leave No-one Behind: Working with the informal Economy: Cities, Livelihoods and Governance, DFID video-link presentation to Livelihoods and Governance Cadres, London |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | One of two speakers on a video-link presentation to DFID country offices, launching the Evidence on Demand Topic Guides on 'Livelihoods and Urbanisation', and 'Urban Governance' Department for International Development, 1 Whitehall, London |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| Description | Leaving No-one behind, World Day for Health and Safety, International Labour Organisation, UN, New York |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Invited Speaker, 'Leaving No-one Behind, Occupational Health and Safety at WIEGO', World Day for Health and Safety, International Labour Organisation, 28 Apr, 2016, New York, USA |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| Description | Low income housing: the longer view - the employment impacts of upgrading and low-income housing development. Habitat III Quito |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Panelist on the Habitat III Networking Event, entitled, 'Partnerships with community, government and investors essential to delivering affordable housing in the global south', Casa de la Cultura, Quito, Tues 18 Oct, Habitat III, 17-21 October 2016. Event organisers were the NGO, Reall: Real Equity for All, which operates the successful CLIFF (Community-Led Infrastructure Finance Fund) |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| URL | https://habitat3.org/networking-events/ |
| Description | Panelist, Dialogue on the Right to the City and Cities for All, Habitat III, |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Panelist, Dialogue on the Right to the City and Cities for All, Casa de la Cultura, Quito, Tues 18 Oct, 2016, Habitat III, UN Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban Development,17-20. Session chaired by Action Aid, India, provided debate on the Habitat III Policy Unit Paper 1, on the 'Right to the City and Cities for All' |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| URL | https://habitat3.org/dialogues/ |
| Description | Panelist, Local Economic Development, Productivity and Employment Creation in Cities, WUF9, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Special Session: Local Economic Development, Productivity and Employment Creation in Cities, World Urban Forum 9: Cities for All: Implementing the New Urban Agenda, February 2018, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | http://wuf9.org/programme/special-sessions/local-economic-development-productivity-and-youth-employm... |
| Description | Panelist, United Nations, New York, Habitat III Preparatory Process, Policy Unit 10 Housing, Open-ended Informal Consultative Meetings, UN, New York |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Panelist, United Nations, on the debate on Policy Unit 10, Housing, Habitat III Preparatory Process, Open-ended Informal Consultative Meetings, Moderators, Inter-American Development Bank and Habitat for Humanity. Conference Room 3, United Nations, 25-27 April 2016 |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| URL | https://papersmart.unmeetings.org/ga/un-habitat/habitat-iii-open-ended-informal-consultative-meeting... |
| Description | People-centred, smart and inclusive cities, Higher School of Economics, Moscow |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Public lecture on the informal as part of HSE's on-going series, under an Erasmus exchange programme. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Political economy of street vending in Africa, IFRA, Nairobi |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Keynote Speech to the International conference on Urbanization and Street Vendors, Institut Français de Recherche en Afrique, with Institut Français, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, University of Nairobi, Jomo Kenyatta University and British Institute of East Africa, 9-10 November, 2017, Nairobi |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| URL | http://ifra-nairobi.net/1075 |
| Description | Post-conflict economic recovery in Somaliland, IIED, London |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | "Crises in Cities and Cities in Crisis: Towards a Collaborative Urban Response", Urban Crises Programme 2015-2017, Workshop 15-16 Nov 2017, International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED), London |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| URL | https://www.iied.org/iied-hosts-international-conference-humanitarian-response-urban-crises |
| Description | Presentation to the European Commission, Council Working Party on Preparation for International Development Conferences, Brussels, Right to the City and Cities for all |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Presentation to the European Commission; Contribution to the Council Working Party on Preparation for International Development Conferences, Brussels, Right to the City and the New Urban Agenda, Preparation of a Common Position of the EU and its Member States for the Third United Nations Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban Development (Habitat III) to be held in Quito, Ecuador in October 2016, 22 April 2016 |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| Description | Promoting Decent Work and Livelihoods: Supporting Inclusive Economies in Cities for All, Training Event, WUF9, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Training Event, World Urban Forum 9: Cities for All: Implementing the New Urban Agenda, February 2018, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (with University of Lagos) |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | http://wuf9.org/programme/training-events/promoting-decent-work-and-livelihood-opportunities-and-sup... |
| Description | Prosperity for all: Enabling the Informal Economy through Participatory Slum Upgrading, WUF9, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Networking Event, World Urban Forum 9: Cities for All: Implementing the New Urban Agenda, February 2018, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | http://wuf9.org/programme/networking-events/prosperity-for-all-enabling-the-informal-economy-through... |
| Description | Public space and livelihoods: view from the pavement, Habitat III Thematic Meeting on Public Space, Barcelona |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Keynote speaker to the introductory Panel, for the Habitat III Thematic Meeting on Public Space, Ajuntament de Barcelona, 4-5 April 2016. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| URL | https://www2.habitat3.org/barcelona |
| Description | Rebel streets: street trade and the law, Law Faculty, University of Zürich, Switzerland |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Workshop on "Rights for the Entrepreneurial Poor, Center for Ethics, Center for Human Rights Studies, Center for Sustainable Finance and Private Wealth, Law Faculty, University of Zürich, 26 October 2017 |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| URL | http://www.csp.uzh.ch/dam/jcr:e75fe4f0-0b30-4538-8a79-c84862703081/Workshop%20Zurich_Rights%20for%20... |
| Description | Right to the City and the Informal Economy, Presentation on Co-Creating the City, World Summit of Local Leaders, UCLG |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Panelist at the World Summit of Local Leaders, convened by UCLG (United Cities and Local Governments) in Bogota, Colombia. Platform included city mayors and experts. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| URL | https://www.bogota2016.uclg.org/en |
| Description | Right to the City, Universidad Catolica de Ecuador, Quito, Habitat III |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Training event organised by the Global Platform on the Right to the City, with the Law Department, Universidad Catolica de Ecuador, Quito |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| Description | Somali urban centres: jobs and the informal economy, Technical Dialogue on Urban Resilience in Somalia, DFID & Mott Macdonald, Nairobi, 26-27 June |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Contribution to a 2-day practitioner-level discussion in Nairobi on urbanisation in Somalia. Somalia has the highest rates of urbanisation in the world, and this dialogue brought together government partners, private sector, civil society, development partners, and UN agencies for an interactive discussion. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Speaker, Next City's World Stage, Right to the City, Asamblea Nacional, Habitat III |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Presentation on the World City Stage in the Habitat III Exhibition Pavillion |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| Description | Street trading in the Global South: Practical and theoretical challenges, Seminar, 25 March 2015 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Conference presentation, A. Brown, Claim and Contest in Street Trading: Dynamics of Legal & Spatial Empowerment |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2015 |
| URL | https://www.bartlett.ucl.ac.uk/dpu/events/street-trading-global-south-practical-theoretical-challeng... |
| Description | Surviving the city: refugee livelihoods in Addis Ababa, ECAS, University of Basel |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | ECAS, 7th European Conference on African Studies, 29 June-1 July 2017, Panel 121 - The ones who moved to the town: Informal DDR through urbanisation, University of Basel, Switzerland |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| URL | https://www.nomadit.co.uk/ecas/ecas2017/panels.php5?PanelID=5208 |
| Description | Sustainable and Resilient Economies. Panel Session, World Cities Day, 2018, Liverpool, 31 October 2018 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Moderated by the UK's Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government, presentations from the cities of Liverpool, Accra and Birmingham (Alabama), discussed building more resilient urban economies, Cardiff University highlighted the importance of the informal economy, and DFID reflected on policy approaches for local economic development. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | The informal economy in urban crises recovery: Surviving, managing, thriving? |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Keynote presentation: University of Melbourne, Informal Urbanism Research Hub's International Webinar Series on "Informal/Formal Urbanism: Challenges of Co-Production". 21 October 2020 Series took place in October -November 2021. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| URL | https://www.infur.org/symposium2020 |
| Description | Third ACP-EU-UN-Habitat Tripartite Conference on Participatory Slum Upgrading. Leveraging the power of communities and the informal sector, Brussels, 13-14 November 2018 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Launch of the document 'Prosperity for all: enhancing the informal economy through participatory slum upgrading' and panel discussion on the role of livelihoods in participatory slum upgrading. Chair, Alison Brown. Panelists included representatives from Ministère du Renouveau Urbain de l'Habitat et du Cadre de Vie, Senegal; Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development, Ghana; and the NGO Mahila Milan, India. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Understanding the role of economic development in peacebuilding, Concordis, London |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Presentation to the Peace Together Conference on: "The essence of peacebuilding: economics or politics? Understanding the role of economic development in peacebuilding programmes at national, regional and local levels",14 June 2017, Concordis and Clifford Chance, Canary Wharf, London |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| URL | http://eplo.org/event/eplo-member-organisation-event-conference-essence-peacebuilding-economics-poli... |
| Description | Urban Crises and Refugee Economies: Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Public Seminar, Refugee Studies Centre, Oxford Department of International Development, University of Oxford, 13 February, 2019 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Alison Brown and Peter Mackie presented a case study of Addis Ababa and, from an informal economy perspective, discussed the role of the self-help economies of refugees, their potential contribution to the transition from humanitarian relief to development, and the critical importance of the right to work to facilitate this contribution. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017,2019 |
| URL | https://www.rsc.ox.ac.uk/events/urban-refugee-economies-in-ethiopia |
| Description | Urban Informality in 21st Century, Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Invited talk to the Department of Urban & Regional Planning, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |