Large-scale population studies of chronic disease
Lead Research Organisation:
Medical Research Council
Abstract
This programme on observational studies in both low income and high income countries has two main themes: (i) to generate reliable evidence about the importance of known risk factors, such as smoking, alcohol and obesity, for premature death in different populations; and (ii) to discover novel genes and other novel risk factors for vascular diseases. Our previous research demonstrated the hazards of prolonged smoking and the benefits of stopping in high-income countries, and ongoing population studies, involving more than 4 million participants, are currently assessing the risks of smoking in Cuba, India and China. In 2009 and 2014 we reported that excessive alcohol consumption (chiefly vodka) was responsible for most premature deaths in Russia and this immediately prompted new public health strategies to limit heavy alcohol consumption in Russia. Our study in Mexico (where one-third of men and one-half of women are obese) will examine the risks associated with diabetes and different patterns of obesity. CTSU-led population-based genetic studies have been established in different settings (eg, with different genetic architecture, levels of risk factors and disease rates) to define the causal role of novel risk factors (eg, Lp(a),a lipid that is currently being tested in CTSU’s trials) and identify new strategies for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Technical Summary
This programme aims to monitor, in many different populations around the world, the current and future hazards of smoking and the benefits of stopping at various ages, disseminate the findings effectively; and to assess the fluctuating alcohol-attributed mortality in Russia; to determine the age and sex-specific relevance of other classic risk factors for vascular, renal and neoplastic disease using prospective studies and meta-analyses of such studies; to conduct Mendelian randomisation studies to assess the causal relevance of selected novel risk factors for vascular disease; and to coordinate GWAS and other studies of genetic variants affecting CHD, stroke and other vascular diseases. CTSU aims to continue being a major source of evidence on country-specific hazards of smoking, alcohol and adiposity. Large-scale meta-analyses using individual level data have allowed reliable assessment of age- and sex-specific associations of classic risk factors with disease outcomes. There is a need for such studies in a wide range of countries, as disease patterns cannot be accounted for by the distributions of known risk factors. Meta-analyses of individual participant data from prospective studies allow more precise estimation of risks and better control for several types of bias. Mendelian randomisation studies of vascular disease have demonstrated the causal relevance of lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]), but refuted it for C-reactive protein (CRP) and homocysteine. CTSU studies have also contributed to the discovery of several common genetic variants for vascular disease, but a substantial fraction of heritability remains unexplained. As Lp(a) has been identified as a strong risk factor for CHD, additional work is planned to enhance our understanding of the determinants of Lp(a) levels.
Organisations
- Medical Research Council (Lead Research Organisation)
- University of Oxford, United Kingdom (Collaboration)
- National Institute of Epidemiology (India) (Collaboration)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (Collaboration)
- Population Health and Research Institute, Trivandrum (Collaboration)
- New York University Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (Collaboration)
- PROCARDIS Precocious Coronary Artery Disease (Collaboration)
- Center for Disease Control Foundation (Collaboration)
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, United Kingdom (Collaboration)
- Life Line Screening (Collaboration)
- University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (Collaboration)
- National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico (Collaboration)
- Yonsei University, Korea, Republic of (Collaboration)
- Russian Academy of Medical Sciences (Collaboration)
- Queen Mary, University of London, United Kingdom (Collaboration)
- International Genomics of Alzheimer’s Project (IGAP) (Collaboration)
- Massachusetts General Hospital (Collaboration)
- CDC Foundation (Collaboration)
- Suez Canal University (Collaboration)
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC) (Collaboration)
- Institute of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery (Collaboration)
- Johns Hopkins University, United States (Collaboration)
Publications
Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration
(2012)
Lipid-related markers and cardiovascular disease prediction.
in JAMA
Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration
(2012)
Adult height and the risk of cause-specific death and vascular morbidity in 1 million people: individual participant meta-analysis.
in International journal of epidemiology
Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration
(2010)
C-reactive protein concentration and risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and mortality: an individual participant meta-analysis.
in Lancet (London, England)
Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration
(2009)
Lipoprotein(a) concentration and the risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and nonvascular mortality.
in JAMA
Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration
(2010)
Diabetes mellitus, fasting blood glucose concentration, and risk of vascular disease: a collaborative meta-analysis of 102 prospective studies.
in Lancet (London, England)
Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration
(2011)
Separate and combined associations of body-mass index and abdominal adiposity with cardiovascular disease: collaborative analysis of 58 prospective studies.
in Lancet (London, England)
Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration
(2009)
Major lipids, apolipoproteins, and risk of vascular disease.
in JAMA
Escott-Price V
(2014)
Gene-wide analysis detects two new susceptibility genes for Alzheimer's disease.
in PloS one
Fox CS
(2012)
Genome-wide association for abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adipose reveals a novel locus for visceral fat in women.
in PLoS genetics
| Description | Health Protection Agency Advisory Group on Ionising Radiation: Radon |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Policy Influence Type | Participation in advisory committee |
| Description | Health Protection Agency Advisory Group on Non-ionising Radiation: Static Magnetic Fields |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Policy Influence Type | Participation in advisory committee |
| Description | Russian Presidential decree to initiate strong measures to limit alcohol abuse |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Implementation circular/rapid advice/letter to e.g. Ministry of Health |
| Impact | Our 2009 Lancet publication highlighted the risks of excessive alcohol consumption - particularly vodka - in male Russians and immediately resulted in a Presidential decree of measures to limit alcohol abuse. |
| URL | http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/russia/6190439/Dmitry-Medvedev-begins-tough-anti-al... |
| Description | STT Collaboration's contribution to review |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Policy Influence Type | Participation in a national consultation |
| Impact | Stroke Thrombolysis work contribute directly to the MHRA's review of alteplaste for acute ischaemic stroke |
| Description | UK policy on folic acid fortification |
| Geographic Reach | Europe |
| Policy Influence Type | Participation in a advisory committee |
| Impact | European Food Safety Panel on 'Folic acid and cancer' 2009 |
| Description | US policy on safety of folic acid fortification |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Policy Influence Type | Participation in a national consultation |
| Impact | US National Toxicology Review (USA) on 'Identifying research needs for assessing safe use of high intakes of folic acid' 2015 |
| Description | WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control: MPOWER measures |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Implementation circular/rapid advice/letter to e.g. Ministry of Health |
| Impact | In 2008 the WHO adopted a set of 6 strategic recommendations for tobacco control, which they refer to as MPOWER: Monitor tobacco use and prevention policies, Protect people, Offer help to quit, Warn, Enforce bans, Raise taxes. Many of the key epidemiological statistics on tobacco hazards in the report derive from our research. |
| URL | http://www.who.int/tobacco/mpower/en/ |
| Description | WHO Global Hearts Initiative |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Gave evidence to a government review |
| Impact | Our work has informed the World Health Organisation Global Hearts Initiative to address cardiovascular disease in low and middle income countries. Government policy on non-communicable disease control in Cuba, Russia and India |
| Description | WHO Handbook on indoor radon - a public health perspective |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Participation in advisory committee |
| Description | WHO policy on folic acid fortification |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Membership of a guideline committee |
| Impact | World Health Organization: Optimum population plasma levels of red-cell folate for folic acid fortification 2014 |
| Description | Research Excellence Award |
| Amount | £112,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | British Heart Foundation (BHF) |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 06/2011 |
| End | 01/2014 |
| Description | Research Excellence Award |
| Amount | £88,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | British Heart Foundation (BHF) |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 02/2014 |
| End | 05/2014 |
| Description | Research Excellence Award |
| Amount | £115,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | British Heart Foundation (BHF) |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 01/2009 |
| End | 12/2010 |
| Description | Research Excellence Award |
| Amount | £27,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | British Heart Foundation (BHF) |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 08/2013 |
| End | 03/2014 |
| Description | Research grant (Chinese case control studies) |
| Amount | £154,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | AstraZeneca |
| Sector | Private |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 12/2004 |
| End | 12/2015 |
| Description | Research grant (PROCARDIS) |
| Amount | £521,000 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | 37273 |
| Organisation | European Commission |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | European Union (EU) |
| Start | 04/2007 |
| End | 09/2011 |
| Description | Research grant (Vitamin B12) |
| Amount | £75,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | Food Standards Agency (FSA) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 03/2007 |
| End | 09/2010 |
| Description | Russian Health Project Grant |
| Amount | £38,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | European Commission |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | European Union (EU) |
| Start | 07/2007 |
| End | 06/2010 |
| Description | BHF Centre for Research Excellence |
| Organisation | University of Oxford |
| Department | BHF Centre of Research Excellence |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | n/a |
| Collaborator Contribution | funding |
| Impact | Support for Dr Ben Lacey to work on routinely-collected electronic health records in preparation for fellowship |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | CARDIoGRAMplusC4D Consortium |
| Organisation | Queen Mary University of London |
| Department | William Harvey Research Institute |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | joint academic collaboration |
| Collaborator Contribution | joint academic collaboration |
| Impact | multiple high profile publications and presentations at international meetings of novel findings in relation to identifying genetic determinants of coronary artery disease, further publications in progress |
| Start Year | 2009 |
| Description | CDC Foundation |
| Organisation | CDC Foundation |
| Country | Georgia |
| Sector | Public |
| PI Contribution | Co-principal Investigator |
| Collaborator Contribution | The CDC Foundation and Amgen are partnering on a new global cardiovascular health initiative to support independent epidemiological research by the University of Oxford and technological and evaluation research by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). |
| Impact | none yet |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | CDC Foundation |
| Organisation | Center for Disease Control Foundation |
| Country | Georgia |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| PI Contribution | academic partnership |
| Collaborator Contribution | academic partnership |
| Impact | n/a |
| Start Year | 2016 |
| Description | CDC collaboration |
| Organisation | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) |
| Department | Division of Global Health Protection and Security |
| Country | Georgia |
| Sector | Public |
| PI Contribution | Joint academic partnership |
| Collaborator Contribution | Joint academic partnership |
| Impact | n/a |
| Start Year | 2015 |
| Description | Chinese cohort with Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention |
| Organisation | Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC) |
| Department | National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention |
| Country | China |
| Sector | Public |
| PI Contribution | Joint academic collaboration. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Joint academic collaboration. |
| Impact | This cohort will contribute to our programme of research assessing the evolving hazards from smoking, drinking, adiposity and blood pressure. |
| Start Year | 2014 |
| Description | Chronic Kidney Disease Prognosis Consortium |
| Organisation | Johns Hopkins University |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | member |
| Collaborator Contribution | Established the group |
| Impact | N/A |
| Start Year | 2009 |
| Description | Cuba cohort in 150,000 adults |
| Organisation | Institute of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery |
| Country | Cuba |
| Sector | Hospitals |
| PI Contribution | Joint academic collaboration. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Joint academic collaboration |
| Impact | The Cuban cohort has contributed to our programme of research assessing the evolving hazards from smoking, drinking, adiposity and blood pressure. |
| Start Year | 2006 |
| Description | Egyptian cohort of 200,000 adults |
| Organisation | Suez Canal University |
| Country | Egypt |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Joint academic collaboration. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Joint academic collaboration. |
| Impact | The Egyptian cohort is currently undertaking a pilot to determine whether longitudinal follow-up is possible. |
| Description | Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration |
| Organisation | University of Cambridge |
| Department | Department of Public Health and Primary Care |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Member of steering committee |
| Collaborator Contribution | N/A |
| Impact | co-authors or listed on the steering committee of all papers from this collaboration (http://www.phpc.cam.ac.uk/ceu/research/erfc/publications/) |
| Description | Ethnic differences in the association between smoking and lung cancer: a comparison between Korea and the UK |
| Organisation | Yonsei University |
| Country | Korea, Republic of |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Statistical and epidemiological expertise |
| Collaborator Contribution | Epidemiological expertise and data |
| Impact | Peer-reviewed publciations |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Indian Chennai cohort in 500,000 adults |
| Organisation | National Institute of Epidemiology (India) |
| Country | India |
| Sector | Public |
| PI Contribution | Joint academic collaboration. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Joint academic collaboration. |
| Impact | The cohort has contributed to our programme of research assessing the evolving hazards from smoking, drinking, adiposity and blood pressure. |
| Start Year | 2006 |
| Description | Indian Trivandrum cohort in 400,000 adults |
| Organisation | Population Health and Research Institute, Trivandrum |
| Country | India |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Joint academic collaboration. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Joint academic collaboration. |
| Impact | The cohort has contributed to our programme of research assessing the evolving hazards from smoking, drinking, adiposity and blood pressure. |
| Start Year | 2006 |
| Description | International Genomics of Alzheimer's Disease |
| Organisation | International Genomics of Alzheimer’s Project (IGAP) |
| Country | Global |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| PI Contribution | joint academic collaboration |
| Collaborator Contribution | joint academic collaboration |
| Impact | multiple high profile publications and presentations at international meetings, and more in progress |
| Start Year | 2010 |
| Description | Korean Cancer Prevention Study - II |
| Organisation | Yonsei University |
| Country | Korea, Republic of |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | working together on papers |
| Collaborator Contribution | N/A |
| Impact | This cohort will contribute to our programme of research assessing the evolving hazards from smoking, drinking, adiposity and blood pressure |
| Start Year | 2015 |
| Description | Life Line Screening |
| Organisation | Life Line Screening |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | Richard Bulbulia and I are members of the Life Line Screening Scientific Advisory Network (see below) |
| Collaborator Contribution | They have provided data on 4.5 million from their database. "Data have been collected on 4.5 million middle-aged and elderly people, living in the USA or UK, who attended for a cardiovascular disease prevention screening assessment carried out by LifeLine Screening. This assessment, by a commercial screening company, includes recording personal and family medical history, medication use, smoking and alcohol consumption, measurement of height, weight, blood pressure, ankle-brachial artery index, ECG and carotid artery ultrasound. The ECG has been coded for heart rate, presence of AF, ventricular ectopics, left ventricular hypertrophy or ischaemic changes. The carotid artery ultrasound includes examination of right and left external and internal carotid arteries to determine the presence of carotid artery stenosis (mild, moderate and significant stenosis). Data have already been obtained on 350,000 people living in the UK and 200,000 in the US, and access to the remaining 4 million from the US has been promised." |
| Impact | Several abstracts presented at conferences - AHA, Society for Vascular Medicine (SVM), BHF-CRE |
| Start Year | 2012 |
| Description | METASTROKE Collaboration of the International Stroke Genetics Consortium |
| Organisation | Massachusetts General Hospital |
| Department | International Stroke Genetics Consortium |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| PI Contribution | joint academic collaboration |
| Collaborator Contribution | joint academic collaboration |
| Impact | multiple publications and presentations at international meetings of novel findings in relation to identifying genetic determinants of stroke, further publications in progress |
| Start Year | 2010 |
| Description | Mexico City cohort in 150,000 adults |
| Organisation | National Autonomous University of Mexico |
| Country | Mexico |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Joint academic collaboration. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Joint academic collaboration. |
| Impact | The cohort has contributed to our programme of research assessing the evolving hazards from smoking, drinking, adiposity and blood pressure. |
| Start Year | 2006 |
| Description | Middle-East Cohort Studies Collaboration |
| Organisation | New York University Abu Dhabi |
| Country | United Arab Emirates |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Statistical and epidemiological expertise |
| Collaborator Contribution | Sharing of results from individual studies for preparation of manuscripts for publication |
| Impact | n/a |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | NIHR Oxford BRC |
| Organisation | Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust |
| Department | NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Public |
| PI Contribution | Personal award |
| Collaborator Contribution | funding |
| Impact | Support for Dr Ben Lacey to work on large-scale observation studies |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | PROCARDIS |
| Organisation | PROCARDIS Precocious Coronary Artery Disease |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Public |
| PI Contribution | joint academic collaboration |
| Collaborator Contribution | joint academic collaboration |
| Impact | Procardis is a European Commision Framework 6 funded project which exploits advances in complex trait genetics and functional genomics to discover novel susceptibility genes for coronary heart disease. Multiple high profile publications and presentations at international meetings and more in progress |
| Start Year | 2007 |
| Description | Russian retrospective case-control study and cohort in 200,000 adults |
| Organisation | Russian Academy of Medical Sciences |
| Department | Cancer Research Centre |
| Country | Russian Federation |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Joint academic collaboration. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Joint academic collaboration. |
| Impact | Our 2009 Lancet publication resulted in a Presidential decree to initiate strong measures in Russia to limit alcohol abuse. |
| Start Year | 2006 |
| Description | Cyber Security in the UAE |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Undergraduate students |
| Results and Impact | science communicator on the UAE 'CyberQuest' project. This is a national competition for University/ high school students run by the Secret Intelligence Agency across the UAE. The Edinburgh International Science Festival was hired by the UAE government to design and teach one week of cybersecurity modules in order to prepare the kids for the competition. Prizes include things like full scholarships to study Cyber security at some of the top institutions in the world, and MacBook pro's etc. I was designated a class of 25 students aged 18+ and I taught them the following modules: - Linux basics - Port Scanning - Firewalls - Phishing Basic - Phishing advanced - Information gathering - Web hacking basics - Using wire-shark - Web hacking advanced - Securing web Apps Each module would consist of about 2 hours of teaching time (using simulated online environments created by the EISF team) and then a timed, online assessment at the end. The test scores are combined for the whole 'training camp' and used to decide which children are through to the final competition. In April 2017, I was based in Abu Dhabi (8th-12th of April), but this January (6th-10th of January, 2018) I was based in Fujairah - a more conservative region in the North of the country. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | Edinburgh International Science Festival |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | However, for the past few years EISF has been running the same events in the UAE at the Abu Dhabi Science Festival (more info: https://www.adsftickets.com ). I first went out to the UAE for two weeks in November 2014. I usually run an event called 'ER Surgery' which involves teaching children aged 8-12 years about medicine using a simulated surgical environment - e.g. removing pretend 'gallstones' from a manikin using laparoscopy. In Edinburgh, I worked as a Science Communicator, whereas in Abu Dhabi (2014) I worked as a Team Leader, which involved teaching science communicators to run the workshops themselves. These science communicators were all National UAE citizens studying science and engineering at University, and working as a science communicator at the ADSF was a mandatory part of their University degree. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016,2017 |
| Description | Obesity can shorten lifespan substantially: Press release |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Press release resulted in following media coverage: Overweight by four stone? That's three years off your life: The Daily Telegraph, p. 12, 18/03/2009 http://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/healthnews/5006104/Being-four-stone-overweight-can-reduce-lifespan-by-three-years.html Obese die up to 10 years early, study of a million people finds: The Guardian, p.12, 18/03/2009 http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2009/mar/18/health-nhs-obesity-smoking Being 4 stone overweight cuts life by 3 years: The Independent, p.12, 18/03/2009 Carrying 4st of flab cuts life by 4yrs: The Daily Mirror, p.23, 18/03/2009 How four stones of extra weight can take three years off your life: Daily Mail, p.7, 18/03/2009 http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-1162737/How-stones-extra-weight-years-life.html Obesity danger rivals smoking: BBC news online, 18/03/2009 http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/7946290.stm Obesity's 10-yr toll: The Sun, 18/03/2009, p.12, Unattributed http://www.thesun.co.uk/sol/homepage/news/article2325689.ece Weighty: Metro, p.17, 18/03/2009 Fat's the way to an early grave: Daily Sport, p.12, 18/03/2009 Obesity can shorten lifespan up to a decade: CNN online, 18/03/2009 http://edition.cnn.com/2009/HEALTH/03/18/healthmag.obesity.lifespan/?iref=mpstoryview Two-thirds of adults eating to an early grave: The Australian, 19/03/2009 To highlight the health risks of obesity. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2009 |
| Description | Oxford Science Fair |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Participated in the Oxford Science Fair, 25 June 2016 |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| Description | Primary school visit (Oxford) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | Talk about statistics |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2015 |
| Description | Risks of low levels of naturally occurring radon: Press release |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Press release resulted in following media coverage: Risks of natural killer radon are ignored, warns study: The Independent, p.8, 07/01/2009 http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-wellbeing/health-news/risks-of-natural-killer-radon-are-ignored-warns-study-1230041.html Radon gas action needed across the UK: BBC Online, 07/01/2009 http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/7813107.stm Radon leaks that kill 1100 a year are easy to halt: Daily Express, p.25, Jo Willey (UK), 07/01/2009 To highlight to the [public the risks of low level exposure to naturally occurring radon |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2009 |
| Description | School visit |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | Presented a talk 'Maths in Action' |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| Description | School visit (Oxford) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | Careers evening |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2015 |
| Description | Smoking and obesity shorten life expectancy: Press release |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Press release resulted in following media coverage: Poor lifestyle 'could shorten your life by 15 years': The Times, p.29, 18/09/2009 Risks that take 10 years off life: The Guardian, p.11, 18/09/2009 http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2009/sep/17/heart-risk-factors-shorten-lifespan Unhealthy men 'may lose 10 years': BBC News Online, 18/09/2009 http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/8260561.stm Middle-aged smokers risk life span: Daily Mirror, 18/09/2009 http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/latest/2009/09/18/middle-aged-smokers-risk-life-span-115875-21682048/ Middle-aged smokers risk life span: Daily Express, 18/09/2009 Middle-aged smokers cut 10 years off their lives: Metro, 18/09/2009 http://www.metro.co.uk/news/article.html?Middle-aged_smokers_cut_10_years_off_their_lives?_article_id=740273?_page_id=34 Smoking may cut life short by ten years: The Scotsman, 18/09/2009 http://news.scotsman.com/uk/Smoking-may-cut-life-short.5658843.jp Smoking risks are revealed: Oxford Mail, p.17, 21/09/2009 Radio: BBC Radio Scotland Newsdrive: 18/09/2009, 5:17pm To highlight the combined risks of smoking and obesity. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2009 |