Indoor power harvesting using hybrid perovskite materials
Lead Research Organisation:
University of St Andrews
Department Name: Physics and Astronomy
Abstract
The world is increasingly using low-power, electronic devices in myriad ways, including as sensors for the Internet of Things (IoT), where billions of objects are connected to the internet to make a smart network, and in wearable electronic devices such as smart watches. Sensors are the fundamental components in the success of these ground-breaking technologies. By 2022, the total number of connected sensors and devices in IoT is expected to exceed 50 billion. How will all these devices be powered? Connecting every device to the electrical grid is too complex and expensive as it requires extensive installation and wiring, and furthermore increases electricity consumption. The use of batteries will limit the life span, bring service interruptions during battery replacement and will pose severe environmental issues at their disposal. My proposed research will bring a practical solution to this by developing inexpensive and environmentally friendly, new technologies to power these small electronic components.
My research vision is to power these wireless sensors and internet connected smart devices, using cost-effective and self-sustaining indoor energy harvesters. For this I will suitably 'tune' the properties of a family of electronic materials called 'hybrid perovskites' which combine favourable attributes of both organic and inorganic materials. The two physical properties that I envisage to exploit for this 'multiple' energy harvesting are (a) photovoltaic - converting light to electricity and (b) piezoelectricity - converting mechanical vibrations to electricity. In hybrid perovskites these two properties co-exist, opening new opportunities for multiple energy harvesting.
Inside buildings a vast reservoir of untapped energy is available in the form of lighting, mechanical vibrations and movement. Usually these are wasted energy inside the buildings. By combining the strengths of co-existing photovoltaic and piezoelectric activity in hybrid perovskites, I will develop different types of indoor energy harvesters, capable of harnessing energy from multiple sources of ambient energy. This multifunctional energy harvesting will lead to increased output electrical power and provide contingency in the scenario where one of the energy sources is not available or intermittent for e.g.; at night indoor lighting may be limited in supply but still vibrations inside the buildings can be pervasive (e.g.: air conditioning). Thus, by providing a continuous autonomous powering to sensors in IoT, my proposed project would enable these two technologies to achieve their potential to the fullest. This in turn will revolutionise our ways of life through more effective monitoring and communication, which will impact health care and the well-being of communities as well as the development of smart and energy efficient buildings and the digitization of manufacturing process.
The proposed research will not only strengthen UK's existing photovoltaic global prominence by adding a new dimension of 'indoor' light harvesting but will also spearhead the UK's piezoelectric energy harvesting research. The proposed project is extremely timely as the power efficiency of microprocessor technology and local electrical energy storage systems (e.g.: supercapacitors) are continuously improving. Hence a similar advance in indoor energy harvesting will lead to a convergence of technologies which will ultimately lead to successful implementation of energy harvesting systems and products.
My research vision is to power these wireless sensors and internet connected smart devices, using cost-effective and self-sustaining indoor energy harvesters. For this I will suitably 'tune' the properties of a family of electronic materials called 'hybrid perovskites' which combine favourable attributes of both organic and inorganic materials. The two physical properties that I envisage to exploit for this 'multiple' energy harvesting are (a) photovoltaic - converting light to electricity and (b) piezoelectricity - converting mechanical vibrations to electricity. In hybrid perovskites these two properties co-exist, opening new opportunities for multiple energy harvesting.
Inside buildings a vast reservoir of untapped energy is available in the form of lighting, mechanical vibrations and movement. Usually these are wasted energy inside the buildings. By combining the strengths of co-existing photovoltaic and piezoelectric activity in hybrid perovskites, I will develop different types of indoor energy harvesters, capable of harnessing energy from multiple sources of ambient energy. This multifunctional energy harvesting will lead to increased output electrical power and provide contingency in the scenario where one of the energy sources is not available or intermittent for e.g.; at night indoor lighting may be limited in supply but still vibrations inside the buildings can be pervasive (e.g.: air conditioning). Thus, by providing a continuous autonomous powering to sensors in IoT, my proposed project would enable these two technologies to achieve their potential to the fullest. This in turn will revolutionise our ways of life through more effective monitoring and communication, which will impact health care and the well-being of communities as well as the development of smart and energy efficient buildings and the digitization of manufacturing process.
The proposed research will not only strengthen UK's existing photovoltaic global prominence by adding a new dimension of 'indoor' light harvesting but will also spearhead the UK's piezoelectric energy harvesting research. The proposed project is extremely timely as the power efficiency of microprocessor technology and local electrical energy storage systems (e.g.: supercapacitors) are continuously improving. Hence a similar advance in indoor energy harvesting will lead to a convergence of technologies which will ultimately lead to successful implementation of energy harvesting systems and products.
Planned Impact
Academic impact: The most immediate and direct beneficiaries of my project will be perovskite and organic solar cells research community especially those working on tandem architectures and the emerging indoor photovoltaics. The deeper understanding of mitigating carrier losses at the heterojunction interfaces, modification of the junction structure and new device structures to be developed can be usefully exploited in other optoelectronic devices such as lasers, LEDs and photodetectors. The new insights and understanding of a fascinating class of hybrid perovskite materials and the new applications demonstrated will generate considerable interest leading to new directions of academic research in fundamental science of multifunctional energy harvesting of photovoltaics and ferroelectricity/piezoelectricity but also in other energy harvesting such as pyroelectric, thermoelectric and RF harvesting. The interdisciplinary nature of my project, involving material scientists, physicists, chemists and electronic engineers will broaden the academic impact to several scientific fields. Doctoral students and young researchers will be receiving training on the fabrication of indoor photovoltaics and piezoelectric energy generators and on their fundamental understanding which will make them highly employable in various academic and industrial sectors.
Industrial impact: By 2025, the global industrial IoT market will grow to a $930 billion market and the wearable tech market will rise to $74 billion [Research forecast IDTechEX]. By providing a decarbonized, distributed and cost-efficient self-powering method, my project will enable the large-scale deployment of IoT in residential and office buildings. Even in industrial environments which are RF hostile, hence limits the application of wireless communication, my project can sustain IoT functionality through visible light communication. Research outcomes of this project will generate direct and immediate impact on the industrial collaborators: BAE Systems, Power Textiles Ltd, Veitch Cooper and KP technology, either by providing an extended market opportunity, new functionality in instrumentation and digitization of manufacturing. In addition to the above companies, others specialised in printed photovoltaics such as Oxford PV, Eight 19 and companies targeting to harvest environment energy such as Freevolt, WITT Energy and 8 power will also be potential beneficiaries of my project outputs.
Public Sector: In the short term, the distributed indoor energy harvesters that I develop will promote the establishment of 'net zero energy' and 'net positive energy' buildings and 'energy harvesting pavements'. In long term, my project outputs can be tailored to extend their applications in public sectors such as health care, transportation, community maintenance and national defence to enhance the infrastructure, and the quality of the service.
National impact- Health/wealth: Since residential and commercial buildings consume ~ 40 % of energy, by recycling part of the energy that is being used for lighting and harnessing the pervasive indoor energy- which is otherwise lost as waste- the security of our limited energy supply is improved. The cost-efficient, resilient indoor hybrid energy harvesting capabilities developing through my project can accelerate the realization of the UK's goals of increased energy efficiency, reduction in CO2 emissions and circular economy (tackling of energy trilemma) and thus contribute help UK to meet the target of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 80% in 2050. By supporting to realise energy efficient buildings, my project is enabling the 'health and well-being of the occupants' by helping to advance ambient assisted living (AAL). By helping to achieve IoT to reach its full potential and developing energy efficient buildings, substantial economic growth and the well-being of society will be enhanced through my proposed research.
Industrial impact: By 2025, the global industrial IoT market will grow to a $930 billion market and the wearable tech market will rise to $74 billion [Research forecast IDTechEX]. By providing a decarbonized, distributed and cost-efficient self-powering method, my project will enable the large-scale deployment of IoT in residential and office buildings. Even in industrial environments which are RF hostile, hence limits the application of wireless communication, my project can sustain IoT functionality through visible light communication. Research outcomes of this project will generate direct and immediate impact on the industrial collaborators: BAE Systems, Power Textiles Ltd, Veitch Cooper and KP technology, either by providing an extended market opportunity, new functionality in instrumentation and digitization of manufacturing. In addition to the above companies, others specialised in printed photovoltaics such as Oxford PV, Eight 19 and companies targeting to harvest environment energy such as Freevolt, WITT Energy and 8 power will also be potential beneficiaries of my project outputs.
Public Sector: In the short term, the distributed indoor energy harvesters that I develop will promote the establishment of 'net zero energy' and 'net positive energy' buildings and 'energy harvesting pavements'. In long term, my project outputs can be tailored to extend their applications in public sectors such as health care, transportation, community maintenance and national defence to enhance the infrastructure, and the quality of the service.
National impact- Health/wealth: Since residential and commercial buildings consume ~ 40 % of energy, by recycling part of the energy that is being used for lighting and harnessing the pervasive indoor energy- which is otherwise lost as waste- the security of our limited energy supply is improved. The cost-efficient, resilient indoor hybrid energy harvesting capabilities developing through my project can accelerate the realization of the UK's goals of increased energy efficiency, reduction in CO2 emissions and circular economy (tackling of energy trilemma) and thus contribute help UK to meet the target of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 80% in 2050. By supporting to realise energy efficient buildings, my project is enabling the 'health and well-being of the occupants' by helping to advance ambient assisted living (AAL). By helping to achieve IoT to reach its full potential and developing energy efficient buildings, substantial economic growth and the well-being of society will be enhanced through my proposed research.
Organisations
- University of St Andrews (Fellow, Lead Research Organisation)
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (Collaboration)
- University of Lagos (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF STRATHCLYDE (Collaboration)
- King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (Collaboration)
- Kwangwoon University (Collaboration)
- National Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST) (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON (Collaboration)
- University College London (Collaboration)
- The Botswana International University of Science & Technology (Collaboration)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Collaboration)
- University of Tampere (Collaboration)
- University of St Andrews (Collaboration)
- University of Houston (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF EXETER (Collaboration)
- Bar-Ilan University (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW (Collaboration)
- Veitch Cooper Limted (Project Partner)
- University of Glasgow (Project Partner)
- KP Technology (Project Partner)
- University of Bath (Project Partner)
- University of Southampton (Project Partner)
- Avantama AG (Project Partner)
- Power Textiles Ltd (Project Partner)
- BAE Systems (United Kingdom) (Project Partner)
Publications
Anctil A
(2023)
Status report on emerging photovoltaics
in Journal of Photonics for Energy
Brown PE
(2023)
Distinguishing Electron Diffusion and Extraction in Methylammonium Lead Iodide.
in The journal of physical chemistry letters
Bulloch A
(2022)
Hysteresis in hybrid perovskite indoor photovoltaics.
in Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences
Dos Santos J
(2022)
A BODIPY small molecule as hole transporting material for efficient perovskite solar cells
in Sustainable Energy & Fuels
Ghosh P
(2022)
Crystalline grain engineered CsPbIBr2 films for indoor photovoltaics
in Applied Surface Science
Grandhi GK
(2023)
Lead-free perovskite-inspired semiconductors for indoor light-harvesting - the present and the future.
in Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)
Jagadamma LK
(2021)
Wide-Bandgap Halide Perovskites for Indoor Photovoltaics.
in Frontiers in chemistry
Lethy Krishnan Jagadamma
(2021)
Wide Bandgap Halide Perovskites for Indoor Photovoltaics
in Frontiers in Chemistry
Wang S
(2023)
P3HT vs Spiro-OMeTAD as a hole transport layer for halide perovskite indoor photovoltaics and self-powering of motion sensors
in Journal of Physics: Materials
Title | Flexible-perovskite-solar-cells-for-indoor-light-harvesting |
Description | The artistic work shows the halide perovskites that can be used for indoor light harvesting on any flexible substrates such as plastics, flexible glass, textiles etc |
Type Of Art | Image |
Year Produced | 2022 |
Impact | Further invitation to contribute similarly to the STACEES events |
URL | https://stacees.ac.uk/flexible-perovskite-solar-cells-for-indoor-light-harvesting/ |
Title | Sustainable power from ambient light harvesting |
Description | An image for exhibition at the St Andrews Climate, Energy, Environment Network Image gallery |
Type Of Art | Artistic/Creative Exhibition |
Year Produced | 2021 |
Impact | General public interest in indoor light harvesting was enhanced as evidenced through questions from the public who attended the event. |
URL | https://stacees.ac.uk/sustainable-power-from-ambient-light-harvesting/ |
Description | In the first year of the grant, two main objectives of the grant are achieved. I identified the halide perovskite compositions suitable for indoor artificial light-harvesting and developed a suitable device architecture to obtain more than 30% power conversion efficiency. So now there exists a suitable technology for harvesting the light inside the buildings without getting them wasted. These indoor photovoltaic devices were capable of self-powering temperature sensors, and strain sensors without the need for any batteries. This would advance the automation of the buildings and digitisation of manufacturing processes using disruptive technology such as the Internet of Things (IoT). IoT is a smart network of interconnected electrical and electronic objects which can communicate with each other and respond in real-time. We also found out some important device physics aspects of indoor photovoltaics of halide perovskites such as methods to reduce the hysteresis effect and to obtain a reliable power output from these devices. Our research showed that metal oxide-based charge transport layers are more detrimental to the halide perovskite indoor photovoltaics compared to their performance under 1 Sun. The hysteresis properties gets enhanced under indoor lighting conditions so the selection of the active layer and the charge transport layers is very crucial in determining the efficient indoor photovoltaics devices |
Exploitation Route | The project established the promising potential of halide perovskites for indoor light-harvesting and self-powering the sensors in the wearables and the Internet of Things (IoT). When we select the photoactive layers, they should be with minimal ion migration effects, and also the selection of charge selective layers also impact the device performance largely. Compared to the metal oxide charge transport layers, the organic charge transport layers showed very promising results. |
Sectors | Aerospace Defence and Marine Digital/Communication/Information Technologies (including Software) Electronics Energy Environment Healthcare Transport |
Description | Yes, another patent application is in the submission stage |
First Year Of Impact | 2023 |
Sector | Electronics,Energy,Manufacturing, including Industrial Biotechology |
Impact Types | Societal Economic |
Description | Active Member: Equality, Diversity and Inclusion member for the School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, UK |
Geographic Reach | Local/Municipal/Regional |
Policy Influence Type | Participation in a guidance/advisory committee |
Impact | Suggestions were made to celebrate and acknowledge an international day across the School which would encourage the inclusive nature of the work culture. |
Description | Comments on the Scottish Government's Draft Energy Strategy and Just Transition Plan |
Geographic Reach | National |
Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
Impact | Following the opening of the consultation period by the Government, the Centre for Energy Ethics solicited feedback from its specialist researchers on the plan overall and, specifically, on the questions outlined in Annex B. In line with the Government's instructions to only reply to questions that members felt comfortable responding to and within their areas of research expertise, of which I gave a reply on the importance of the emerging technologies in decarbonizing the building sector. |
URL | https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/10023/28956/CEE_GSDES_Comments_Final_0... |
Description | Developing a module on sustainable energy for the future |
Geographic Reach | National |
Policy Influence Type | Contribution to new or improved professional practice |
Impact | Students understanding on the Net Zero 2050 is enhanced and encouraged them to contribute positively to overcome this challenge. |
Description | contribution to the strategy to make the University of St Andrews campus, net zero energy by 2025 |
Geographic Reach | Local/Municipal/Regional |
Policy Influence Type | Participation in a guidance/advisory committee |
Impact | This guidance report will be playing an important role in cultivating an awareness of environmental sustainability among all the members, including the student community of the University of St Andrews |
Description | "Printable and Portable Integrated Photovoltaic-Supercapacitor Unit (PIPSU) for Advancing the Internet of Things Technology in the Developing Nations" |
Amount | £30,000 (GBP) |
Funding ID | SPA0-ZEP008 |
Organisation | University of St Andrews |
Sector | Academic/University |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 11/2021 |
End | 04/2022 |
Description | CSC\R1\211036 - Commonwealth Science Conference 2021 Follow-on Grant |
Amount | £6,000 (GBP) |
Funding ID | CSC\R1\211036 |
Organisation | The Botswana International University of Science & Technology |
Sector | Academic/University |
Country | Botswana |
Start | 08/2021 |
End | 08/2023 |
Description | Impact Acceleration Account -EPSRC |
Amount | £20,000 (GBP) |
Funding ID | SPA0 XAP152 |
Organisation | University of St Andrews |
Sector | Academic/University |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 05/2023 |
End | 06/2025 |
Description | KE & Impact Research Fund |
Amount | £9,950 (GBP) |
Funding ID | APAJ-KEILJX Internal fund |
Organisation | University of St Andrews |
Sector | Academic/University |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 01/2021 |
End | 07/2021 |
Description | PhD studentship |
Amount | £75,000 (GBP) |
Organisation | University of St Andrews |
Sector | Academic/University |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 11/2020 |
End | 10/2023 |
Description | The Wohl Clean Growth Alliance, British Council |
Amount | £20,000 (GBP) |
Organisation | Bar-Ilan University |
Sector | Academic/University |
Country | Israel |
Start | 12/2022 |
Title | Development of thin-film hybrid energy harvester |
Description | A new method for the development of thin film hybrid energy harvester |
Type Of Material | Improvements to research infrastructure |
Year Produced | 2023 |
Provided To Others? | No |
Impact | This hybrid energy harvester could be used as a power source for the Internet of Things wireless sensor device to replace the batteries and hence to make these technologies for sustainable. |
Title | Reporting of the accurate power conversion efficiency of the Halide perovskite based indoor photovoltaics |
Description | Halide perovskite photovoltaics demonstrate the hysteresis behaviour which introduces confusion in the reliable power conversion efficiencies of these devices. Even though the hysteresis properties are widely studied for the halide perovskites under the 1 Sun illumination the hysteresis properties remained unknown for the indoor lighting conditions or for indoor photovoltaics. Our research confirmed that for indoor photovoltaic devices, we should prioritise the steady-state measurements such as the maximum power point tracking method to obtain a reliable power conversion efficiency. |
Type Of Material | Improvements to research infrastructure |
Year Produced | 2022 |
Provided To Others? | Yes |
Impact | Our research results and methods published would impact the way researchers report the power conversion efficiency values of halide perovskites indoor PVs. New collaboration opportunities will be arising as well. I also received an invited talk to present my research results. |
URL | https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rsta.2021.0144 |
Title | A BODIPY small molecule as hole transporting material for efficient perovskite solar cells |
Description | Data set corresponding to this research publication A BODIPY small molecule as hole transporting material for efficient perovskite solar cells†John Marques Dos Santos‡ ORCID logoa, Lethy Krishnan Jagadamma‡ ORCID logob, Michele Cariello ORCID logoa, Ifor D. W. Samuel ORCID logo*b and Graeme Cooke |
Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
Year Produced | 2022 |
Provided To Others? | Yes |
Impact | Further research collaboration, development of new molecules, another research publication and the combined grant application |
URL | https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/publications/a-bodipy-small-molecule-as-hole-transportin... |
Title | Chlorine retention enables the indoor light harvesting of triple halide wide bandgap perovskites |
Description | The data set corresponding to the research publication, A BODIPY small molecule as hole transporting material for efficient perovskite solar cells John Marques Dos Santos, Lethy Krishnan Jagadamma, Michele Cariello, Ifor D. W. Samuel*, Graeme Cooke* |
Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
Year Produced | 2023 |
Provided To Others? | Yes |
Impact | New international research collaboration established (Lawrence Berkeley National lab, California, Molecular Foundry,), invitation for a conference talk and a new research collaboration emerged with University of Dundee |
URL | https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2023/ta/d3ta01784b |
Title | Crystalline grain engineered CsPbIBr2 films for indoor photovoltaics |
Description | Data set corresponding to the following research publication Crystalline grain engineered CsPbIBr2 films for indoor photovoltaics Paheli Ghosh (Creator)Jochen Bruckbauer (Creator)Carol Trager-Cowan (Creator)Lethy Krishnan Jagadamma (Creator) School of Physics and AstronomyCentre for Energy Ethics |
Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
Year Produced | 2022 |
Provided To Others? | Yes |
Impact | Further research collaboration and a new research project funding acquisition for the PhD studentship |
URL | https://risweb.st-andrews.ac.uk/portal/en/datasets/crystalline-grain-engineered-cspbibr2-films-for-i... |
Title | Crystalline grain engineered CsPbIBr2 films for indoor photovoltaics |
Description | The data set associated with the efficient indoor light-harvesting of CsPbBrI2 based photovoltaic devices |
Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
Year Produced | 2022 |
Provided To Others? | Yes |
Impact | A new research collaboration has been established with the University of Strathclyde, demonstrated the potential of EBSD in analysing the halide perovskites, and the promising role of all-inorganic halide perovskites in indoor light harvesting is established, |
URL | https://doi.org/10.17630/970ac996-d043-48f8-bf70-7c0eb33f7b9a |
Title | Distinguishing Electron Diffusion and Extraction in Methylammonium Lead Iodide (dataset) |
Description | Distinguishing Electron Diffusion and Extraction in Methylammonium Lead Iodide (dataset) |
Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
Year Produced | 2023 |
Provided To Others? | Yes |
Impact | Further research collaboration with the same and other research groups |
URL | https://risweb.st-andrews.ac.uk/portal/en/datasets/distinguishing-electron-diffusion-and-extraction-... |
Title | Hysteresis in Hybrid Perovskite Indoor Photovoltaics (dataset) |
Description | Data set associated with the research publication on Hysteresis in Hybrid Perovskite Indoor Photovoltaics |
Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
Year Produced | 2022 |
Provided To Others? | Yes |
Impact | This data set will influence the way we report the power conversion efficiency of halide perovskite-based indoor photovoltaics |
URL | https://risweb.st-andrews.ac.uk/portal/en/datasets/hysteresis-in-hybrid-perovskite-indoor-photovolta... |
Title | Lead-free perovskite-inspired semiconductors for indoor light-harvesting - the present and the future |
Description | The data set corresponding to Lead-free perovskite-inspired semiconductors for indoor light-harvesting - the present and the future G. Krishnamurthy Grandhi, Lethy Krishnan Jagadamma , Vipinraj Sugathan, Basheer Al-Anesi, Debjit Manna and Paola Vivo |
Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
Year Produced | 2023 |
Provided To Others? | Yes |
Impact | New research collaboration and a research publication, and a combined PhD supervision arrangements |
URL | https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/publications/lead-free-perovskite-inspired-semiconductor... |
Title | Manipulation of the Structure and Optoelectronic Properties through Bromine Inclusion in a Layered Lead Bromide Perovskite |
Description | Research data for the Manipulation of the Structure and Optoelectronic Properties through Bromine Inclusion in a Layered Lead Bromide Perovskite Lin-jie Yang, Wenye Xuan, David Webster, Lethy Krishnan Jagadamma, Teng Li, David N. Miller, David B. Cordes, Alexandra M. Z. Slawin, Graham A. Turnbull, Ifor D. W. Samuel, Hsin-Yi Tiffany Chen, Philip Lightfoot, Matthew S. Dyer, and Julia L. Payne* |
Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
Year Produced | 2023 |
Provided To Others? | Yes |
Impact | Further research collaboration and a research publication. |
URL | https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/publications/manipulation-of-structure-and-optoelectroni... |
Title | P3HT vs Spiro-MeOTAD as Hole Transport Layer for Halide Perovskite Indoor Photovoltaics and Self-Powering of Motion Sensors (dataset) |
Description | Research data based on P3HT vs Spiro-OMeTAD as a hole transport layer for halide perovskite indoor photovoltaics and self-powering of motion sensors Shaoyang Wang, Byeong-Cheol Kang, Sang-Joon Park, Tae-Jun Ha, and Lethy Krishnan Jagadamma |
Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
Year Produced | 2022 |
Provided To Others? | Yes |
Impact | New international research collaborations established. |
URL | https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/datasets/p3ht-vs-spiro-meotad-as-hole-transport-layer-fo... |
Title | Wide-Bandgap Halide Perovskites for Indoor Photovoltaics |
Description | Data set showing the increase in PCE as a function of year for the halide perovskites, the publications relating to IoT over the last 30 years, spectral data corresponding to different indoor light sources |
Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
Year Produced | 2021 |
Provided To Others? | Yes |
Impact | This research output has been cited 6 times within only 7 months of its publication. |
URL | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fchem.2021.632021/full |
Description | Collaboration for micro-supercapacitors |
Organisation | Ben-Gurion University of the Negev |
Country | Israel |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | The collaborators at BIU will support us in developing a recipe for the micro-supercapacitor and we will integrate it with the energy harvester that we are developing |
Collaborator Contribution | They are helping us to develop a recipe for thin film supercapacitor |
Impact | Won a travel grant from the Wohl Clean Growth Alliance Travel Grants, British Council |
Start Year | 2023 |
Description | Collaboration on halide perovskite semiconductors |
Organisation | Bar-Ilan University |
Country | Israel |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | With Professor David Cahen from the Bar-Ilan Univerity, Israel, a collaborative research project has developed. This project funding upon successful application would strengthen the research collaboration between the UK and Israel on dealing with the sustainability aspects of electronic waste |
Collaborator Contribution | I will be providing high crystalline quality halide perovskite semiconductors for the advanced microscopic characterisation facility at the Bar Ilan University, Israel. Also, both Professor Cahen and I will be developing a course related to sustainability suitable for the young generation. |
Impact | This collaboration is multi-disciplinary including Chemists from the Bar-Ilan University, Israel, Physicists from the University of St Andrews, and other material scientists from the Weizmann University of Israel. The outcome of the project is expected to make some changes to the Policy and educational curriculum. |
Start Year | 2021 |
Description | Collaboration to map the Voc and the EL EQE |
Organisation | National Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST) |
Country | United States |
Sector | Public |
PI Contribution | We made the devices to compare the Voc losses in the devices under indoor lighting condition. The collaborators |
Collaborator Contribution | The collaborators have developed a set up that can measure the absolute electroluminescence quantum efficiency and the mapping of Voc |
Impact | A manuscript under preparation |
Start Year | 2023 |
Description | Collaboration with Bar-Ilan University, Israel and Weizmann Institute of Science |
Organisation | Bar-Ilan University |
Department | Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials |
Country | Israel |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | At this stage, the collaboration has just started to focus on developing an understanding of the defect chemistry of halide perovskite semiconductor materials. How different thermodynamic factors influence the defect tolerance of these semiconductors |
Collaborator Contribution | Giving appropriate guidance on the project direction |
Impact | Through this collaboration, we obtained funding (20000) from Clean Growth Alliance, British Council. Also, this collaboration recently resulted in a successful funding application of World Leading Global doctoral programme with University of St Andrews and Bar-Ilan University |
Start Year | 2021 |
Description | Collaboration with Botswana International University of Science and Technology |
Organisation | The Botswana International University of Science & Technology |
Country | Botswana |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | We are developing a flexible supercapacitor to integrate with the solar cells |
Collaborator Contribution | They were giving us guidance on the fabrication of energy storage systems such as supercapacitor |
Impact | This collaboration resulted in two successful funding (1) Royal Society follow on grant from the Commonwealth Science Conference and (b) EPSRC institutional grant. |
Start Year | 2021 |
Description | Collaboration with Dr Tasmiat Rahman, University of Southampton |
Organisation | University of Southampton |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | This research collaboration is to develop an indoor air quality sensor. The team at Southampton led by Dr Tasmiat Rahman is developing the electronics part of the sensors |
Collaborator Contribution | The team at Southampton is developing the electronic circuitry of the sensors which then would be powered by the energy harvester we are developing in our research group. |
Impact | A collaborative research proposal is now submitted. |
Start Year | 2022 |
Description | Collaboration with Engineering at St Andrews (E@St) Institute |
Organisation | University of St Andrews |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | A new network of multi-disciplinary research established at the University of St Andrews. I am an active member of the Engineering at St Andrews (E@St) Institute. Take part in the discussion on future funding opportunities and the related research themes |
Collaborator Contribution | I contribute to the discussion on energy-related research activities and participate in discussion related to research funding calls. |
Impact | A research proposal is being developed to establish the research activities of the centre. |
Start Year | 2021 |
Description | Collaboration with Exeter Univesity on textile based temperature sensor |
Organisation | University of Exeter |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | We have developed a powering source through ambient light harvesting inside the buildings to power a temperature sensor on the textiles. This has great implications in the emerging wearable technology |
Collaborator Contribution | The collaborators fabricated this textile-based temperature sensor from graphene. We could demonstrate its functioning through ambient energy harvesters developed through our project. |
Impact | An abstract has been submitted to the ICSM 2022 conference |
Start Year | 2021 |
Description | Collaboration with King Fahad University of Petroleum and Minerals |
Organisation | King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals |
Country | Saudi Arabia |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | This collaboration is bringing together research ideas and a collaborative academic research publication |
Collaborator Contribution | Academic research discussion |
Impact | A research paper is in draft |
Start Year | 2023 |
Description | Collaboration with University of Houston |
Organisation | University of Houston |
Country | United States |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Exploring new sensing applications of halide perovskites. So our research team was making samples and devices for this investigation |
Collaborator Contribution | The collaborators tested the samples for their new sensing applications |
Impact | No tangible outcomes yet. Yes, this collaboration is multi-disciplinary as it involves the research in Material Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Device Engineering |
Start Year | 2021 |
Description | Collaboration with the Kwangwoon University |
Organisation | Kwangwoon University |
Country | Korea, Republic of |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | We have developed an ambient light harvester for inside the buildings to power a strain sensor. This has great implications in aeronautical and human physiological studies. |
Collaborator Contribution | The collaborators have tested the feasibility of our energy harvester in autonomously power a strain sensor |
Impact | We are drafting a combined collaborative research paper based on this collaboration |
Start Year | 2021 |
Description | EBSD collaboration with University of Strathclyde |
Organisation | University of Strathclyde |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | I have started the 'Energy Harvesting Research Group' at the University of St Andrews, as part of my UKRI-FLF. Our research team develops ambient power harvesters using hybrid perovskite semiconductors to sustainably power the sensors in the huge technology field of IoT. We recently demonstrated air-stable all-inorganic Cs based halide perovskites for indoor photovoltaics with ~ 14% power conversion efficiency through grain engineering (manuscript in preparation). Previously these semiconductors have only been explored for their 1Sun performance and with very limited ambient stability. In order to understand the increased air-stability and high performance of these inorganic halide perovskites, understanding the crystalline grain properties is important. Electron Backscatter Diffraction facility at the University of Strathclyde can characterise the grain size properties of halide perovskites without any ambiguity. So our team collaborated with Dr Carol Trager-Cowan and Dr Jochen Bruckbauer at the University of Strathclyde on the EBSD characterisation of our grain engineered Cs-halide perovskite thin films. |
Collaborator Contribution | The Strathclyde team measured the crystalline grain size distribution and grain misorientation in our Cs based inorganic halides using the EBSD technique. This was helpful in understanding their photovoltaic device performance and in the enhanced knowledge of this family of semiconductor materials |
Impact | Working Paper ( manuscript in preparation). |
Start Year | 2021 |
Description | Indoor Air quality sensing |
Organisation | University of Lagos |
Country | Nigeria |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | A new research collaboration project is submitted for funding to develop indoor air quality sensors. |
Collaborator Contribution | With a successful funding application, the collaborator would guide us in selecting the right kind of sensors for identifying the various Volatile organic components in the indoor environments of low income countries where the main source of cooking is still solid bio fuels. |
Impact | A collaborative research grant is submitted |
Start Year | 2022 |
Description | Molecular Foundry- Dr Carolin Sutter-Fella |
Organisation | Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory |
Country | United States |
Sector | Public |
PI Contribution | Successful research proposal on understanding the growth kinetics of triple halide perovskites and the 2D and 3D halide perovskites on different interlayers, |
Collaborator Contribution | They have undertaken the in-situ measurement of GIWAXs and analysis of it |
Impact | One research publication and more research proposals to the Molecular Foundry and Advanced Light Source |
Start Year | 2021 |
Description | Pb free perovskite collaboration |
Organisation | University of Tampere |
Country | Finland |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | A collaborative research publication in which I have contributed writing state of the art Voc for the Pb-free perovskites |
Collaborator Contribution | They are the leading authors in this publication. Another research paper is also under review now. |
Impact | Two research collaborative publications and the shared co-supervision of a PhD student. https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2023/cc/d3cc01881d |
Start Year | 2023 |
Description | Synthesis of new Hole transport layers |
Organisation | University of Glasgow |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | The new HTL molecules developed by the solar cells are being tested by us in our standard devices. |
Collaborator Contribution | The collaborator team have helped in developing a new hole transporting layer for the indoor halide perovskite solar cells |
Impact | A manuscript is under preparation |
Start Year | 2020 |
Description | computational chemistry collaboration |
Organisation | University College London |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | A research paper on the ferroelectric properties of halide perovskite thin films, we have done the experimental part |
Collaborator Contribution | The collaborator has done the theoretical confirmation of the experimental result we got. |
Impact | A research paper is in preparation |
Start Year | 2023 |
Title | Textile integrated perovskite photovoltaics |
Description | A new methodology to integrate perovskite solar cells onto the textile substrate was developed |
IP Reference | submitted |
Protection | Patent / Patent application |
Year Protection Granted | 2022 |
Licensed | No |
Impact | A patent application is now submitted |
Description | ''Following Her Footsteps: Discovering Women in Natural Science'', |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Local |
Primary Audience | Schools |
Results and Impact | Demonstration of indoor light harvesting and powering a LED without any batteries. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
Description | Blog Post: Centre for Energy Ethics (ENERGY HARVESTING, INTERNET OF THINGS AND SUSTAINABILITY: A FASCINATING TRIO) |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A magazine, newsletter or online publication |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | This blog post titled ENERGY HARVESTING, INTERNET OF THINGS AND SUSTAINABILITY: A FASCINATING TRIO is related to my area of research expertise and explain in layman's language the advantage of energy harvesting in supporting emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things and wearables. A lot of interesting feedback and comments from the general public and other researchers from the related and non-related research field was received. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
URL | https://energyethics.st-andrews.ac.uk/blog/energy-harvesting-internet-of-things-and-sustainability-a... |
Description | Commonwealth Science Conference 2021 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | I presented a poster at the CSC-2021 conference. This was co-organized by the Royal Society and the African Academy of Sciences to develop resilient energy systems in the African region. I published a research paper on the invited theme of this CSC-2021 in the journal Philosophical Transactions of Royal Society A. There was a follow-up travel grant of £6000 and I received this along with Dr Cecil Kingondu as the lead applicant and myself as the Co-applicant. Further, my participation lead to the invitation to the second follow on meeting held in Ghana in 2022. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
Description | Commonwealth Science Conference Follow on meeting in Ghana 2022 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | I presented a poster at the CSC-2022 conference. This was co-organized by the Royal Society and the Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences to support the health-energy -biodiversity aspects of Ghana. The poster was well received, a lot of new discussions and network opportunities were derived from this meeting. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
URL | https://royalsociety.org/science-events-and-lectures/commonwealth-science-conference-2021/ |
Description | Developing and establishing Energy Harvesting Research Group at the University of St Andrews |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | With the launch of the Energy Harvesting Research research group highlighting the main research activities and opportunities within the group, I got email queries from many students interested in doing summer projects, final year MSc and BSc projects and visiting the lab requests. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
URL | https://lethykj.wp.st-andrews.ac.uk/ |
Description | Diver-STEM speaker orgnanized by the undergraduate students at the University of St Andrews |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Undergraduate students |
Results and Impact | This Diver-STEM talk was arranged to encourage ethnic minority students to STEM subjects. The talk was live webcast and attracted the interest not only from the St Andrews undergraduate students but from the other institutes as well. The talk ignited interesting discussion among the students and I received more students application wanting to pursue their undergraduate project in the related research field. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
URL | https://web.facebook.com/diverstemstandrews/?_rdc=1&_rdr |
Description | Dundee Science Festival 2024 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Schools |
Results and Impact | The Dundee Science Festival. My research group members (3 of them) participated in demonstrating experiments related to energy harvesting such as solar cells, piezo devices and pyro devices. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
URL | https://www.dundeesciencecentre.org.uk/festival/ |
Description | ETP 10th Annual Conference 2021: A Sustainable Energy Conference for Emerging Researchers |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | ETP conference is a platform to disseminate the sustainable energy research activities of early career researchers. I presented a talk on 'Halide Perovskite Indoor Photovoltaics' and new collaborations emerged as part of this presentation. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
URL | https://www.etp-scotland.ac.uk/NewsandEvents/Events/ETP10thAnnualConference2021.aspx |
Description | Environment and Sustainability Board Meeting |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Study participants or study members |
Results and Impact | As part of establishing the net zero vision at the University of St Andrews, a steering group, Environment and Sustainability board has been created and I am a working member of it. I have been selected to the group, because of the nature of my research topic as it is related to energy harvesting and energy 'recylcing'. Every month, the ESB conducts meetings and discussion to promote net zero awareness activities across the University of St Andrews. Through the meetings, a research center dedicated to environmental sustainability is started at the University of St Andrews. (St Andrews Network for Climate, Energy, Environment and Sustainability (StA-CEES)). Through these the impact of the activities will be reaching to more than 500 numbers of people. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020,2021 |
URL | https://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/sustainability/research/ |
Description | First chances Fife |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Schools |
Results and Impact | Different methods of ambient energy harvesting were demonstrated such as indoor light harvesting and the mechanical energy harvesting. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
Description | Go Wild with Science |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Local |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | Demonstration of solar cells from fruit dyes |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
Description | Industry Engagement Talk at Eden Campus |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
Results and Impact | The industry partners from the CEFIC was visiting the St Andrews Eden Campus. The industry people were interested in listening the sustainability oriented research activities across the University. Since my research is related to Sustainable Buildings I presented my research activities and results to them |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
Description | Member Equality, Diversity and Inclusion committee |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Local |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | Discussion on how to enhance the inclusivity in recruitments and well-being of community members |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
Description | Member center for energy ethics |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | Member of Center for Energy Ethics (CEE) and it organizes discussions and podcasts related to the energy crisis, energy demands, and anthropogenic climate change. The activities at the CEE will shape the future policies on energy consumption, human attitudes towards energy demands and can shape the future policies related to energy and the environment. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
URL | https://energyethics.ac.uk/ethics-people/ |
Description | Panel discussion on UKRI-Future Leaders Fellowship |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Local |
Primary Audience | Other audiences |
Results and Impact | A panel discussion on the application of UKRI-Future Leaders Fellowship successful application |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
Description | Panel discussion- Photonics and Net Zero 2050 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
Results and Impact | This was a panel discussion arranged as part of The Centre for Doctoral Training in Applied Photonics ( Summer School in St Andrews on the topic of Photonic Sensing and Spectroscopy). There I was invited as a panel member talking on how Photonics can contribute to the Sustainability and achieving net zero 2050. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
URL | https://cdtphotonics.hw.ac.uk/event/sussp79/ |
Description | Science discovery day 2022 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Schools |
Results and Impact | With the help of the public engagement team at the University of St Andrews, we created a Youtube video on the working of solar cells and a talking solar cell. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
URL | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DehFxVmOgH8 |
Description | Speaker -Photonic Seminar Series at the School of Physics and Astronomy |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Local |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | The Photonics Group at the University of St Andrews organises monthly talk series for the researchers/scientists working in the field of Photonics related areas. I was invited to present my research there. This talk was well received with lot of interesting feedback and further queries to collaborate. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
Description | Undergraduate Physics Open day, University of St Andrews |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Local |
Primary Audience | Undergraduate students |
Results and Impact | During the open day of the 2020 Undergraduate Physics students, I presented my research (virtually) to a group of ~ 180. Students were very interested in the idea of indoor energy harvesting, and following that, I got an invitation as a DiveSTEM speaker, organised by the Student community from the Science Faculty. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
Description | Webinar on Emerging Solar Cell Technologies |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
Results and Impact | This webinar was attended by ~ 150 people who were mainly the other researchers, undergraduate students and faculty members from the research institutes from India. Received lots and lots of positive feedback. Following this, I received another 4-5 Webinar invitation. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |