Mental Health and Circadian Science Network
Lead Research Organisation:
UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH
Department Name: Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences
Abstract
We will establish the Mental Health and Circadian Science Network, a new collaboration between researchers, clinicians, patients and the public that will be focused on driving discovery and innovation at the interface of sleep, circadian rhythms and mental health. We will integrate research and clinical expertise to create a new network that will identify priority areas for research and launch interdisciplinary collaborations.
Daily (circadian) rhythms are a fundamental feature of all life on earth, from plants to humans. These 24-hour rhythms exist at multiple molecular and cellular levels and allow organisms to align their physiology and behaviours to daily cycles of light and dark. Well-synchronized circadian rhythms are fundamental for human health and are particularly important for mental health. For example, the correct timing of exposure to light is critical for synchronizing circadian rhythms (such as the daily sleep/activity cycle) but patterns of modern living - such as shift-working and excess artificial light at night - cause desynchronization of rhythms and result in a wide range of adverse mental and physical health outcomes. This is particularly important for young people, who may be more sensitive to light-induced circadian dysfunction and associated mental health problems.
In recent decades, public health initiatives have successfully focused on diet, smoking/alcohol and exercise, but the importance of healthy rhythms of sleep and activity has been relatively neglected by the research community. Similarly, even though mental health disorders such as depression, bipolar disorder and psychosis have long been known to be associated with abnormal rhythms of sleep/activity, the mechanisms of these associations are poorly understood and the clinical application of discoveries in chronobiology to mental health has so far been limited.
In consultation with the research and clinical communities (and based on feedback and advice from patients and the public), we have identified four core areas of activity for the network, including: a) Setting the research agenda for mental health and circadian science; b) Setting standards for data collection, data curation and data sharing; c) Supporting Early Career Researchers (ECRs) working at the intersection of mental health and circadian science; and d) Building sustainability and new interdisciplinary grant applications.
For all these activities, The McPin Foundation will establish a Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) group to provide strategic input and advice, making sure that the work is relevant to the needs of the public, clinical groups and the research community.
Our goals are very well suited to a partnership grant. The UK has major research strengths in mental health, chronobiology, data science and sleep/circadian science but these activities are not currently well connected: we need to add value to these strengths by bringing together a diverse group of researchers, clinicians, patients and the public to maximize productivity and deliver long-term impact in the chronopsychiatry field.
Daily (circadian) rhythms are a fundamental feature of all life on earth, from plants to humans. These 24-hour rhythms exist at multiple molecular and cellular levels and allow organisms to align their physiology and behaviours to daily cycles of light and dark. Well-synchronized circadian rhythms are fundamental for human health and are particularly important for mental health. For example, the correct timing of exposure to light is critical for synchronizing circadian rhythms (such as the daily sleep/activity cycle) but patterns of modern living - such as shift-working and excess artificial light at night - cause desynchronization of rhythms and result in a wide range of adverse mental and physical health outcomes. This is particularly important for young people, who may be more sensitive to light-induced circadian dysfunction and associated mental health problems.
In recent decades, public health initiatives have successfully focused on diet, smoking/alcohol and exercise, but the importance of healthy rhythms of sleep and activity has been relatively neglected by the research community. Similarly, even though mental health disorders such as depression, bipolar disorder and psychosis have long been known to be associated with abnormal rhythms of sleep/activity, the mechanisms of these associations are poorly understood and the clinical application of discoveries in chronobiology to mental health has so far been limited.
In consultation with the research and clinical communities (and based on feedback and advice from patients and the public), we have identified four core areas of activity for the network, including: a) Setting the research agenda for mental health and circadian science; b) Setting standards for data collection, data curation and data sharing; c) Supporting Early Career Researchers (ECRs) working at the intersection of mental health and circadian science; and d) Building sustainability and new interdisciplinary grant applications.
For all these activities, The McPin Foundation will establish a Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) group to provide strategic input and advice, making sure that the work is relevant to the needs of the public, clinical groups and the research community.
Our goals are very well suited to a partnership grant. The UK has major research strengths in mental health, chronobiology, data science and sleep/circadian science but these activities are not currently well connected: we need to add value to these strengths by bringing together a diverse group of researchers, clinicians, patients and the public to maximize productivity and deliver long-term impact in the chronopsychiatry field.
Technical Summary
Endogenous circadian rhythms exist at multiple molecular and cellular levels and allow organisms to optimally align physiology and behaviour to daily cycles of light and dark. Well-synchronized circadian rhythms are fundamental for human health and are particularly important for cognitive function and mental wellbeing. The correct timing of exposure to light is critical for synchronizing human circadian function but patterns of modern living (including shift-working and excess artificial light at night) cause dsynchronization of rhythms and result in a wide range of adverse mental and physical health outcomes.
Even though disorders such as depression, bipolar disorder and psychosis have long been known to be associated with aberrant rhythms of sleep/activity, the mechanisms of these associations remain poorly understood and the clinical application of chronobiological discoveries within mental health has been slow.
We will integrate research and clinical expertise in two main areas - mental health and circadian science - to create a network that will identify priority areas for research and launch new interdisciplinary collaborations.
We aim to create a new sustainable and inclusive social infrastructure of researchers and clinicians to drive innovation and impact. Our network expertise covers psychiatry, chronobiology, sleep, psychology, genetics, neurosciences, social sciences, clinical psychology and data science. The network includes co-applicants at six Universities in the UK, and collaborators in Ireland, the United States and Germany.
The four objectives, each representing a core area of network activity, will be co-led by two co-investigators and our extensive group of collaborators will be invited to contribute to these objectives, based on their interests and expertise. We will also establish a Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) group led by The McPin Foundation to provide strategic input into all network activities.
Even though disorders such as depression, bipolar disorder and psychosis have long been known to be associated with aberrant rhythms of sleep/activity, the mechanisms of these associations remain poorly understood and the clinical application of chronobiological discoveries within mental health has been slow.
We will integrate research and clinical expertise in two main areas - mental health and circadian science - to create a network that will identify priority areas for research and launch new interdisciplinary collaborations.
We aim to create a new sustainable and inclusive social infrastructure of researchers and clinicians to drive innovation and impact. Our network expertise covers psychiatry, chronobiology, sleep, psychology, genetics, neurosciences, social sciences, clinical psychology and data science. The network includes co-applicants at six Universities in the UK, and collaborators in Ireland, the United States and Germany.
The four objectives, each representing a core area of network activity, will be co-led by two co-investigators and our extensive group of collaborators will be invited to contribute to these objectives, based on their interests and expertise. We will also establish a Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) group led by The McPin Foundation to provide strategic input into all network activities.
Publications
Deeb H
(2025)
The rise of open data practices among bioscientists at the University of Edinburgh
in PLOS One
Deeb H
(2024)
Data sharing in circadian rhythm and mental health research: current status, challenges, recommendations and future directions.
in BMJ mental health
Gale EL
(2025)
Co-production in sleep research: A scoping review of current practices and future directions.
in Journal of sleep research
Lyall LM
(2025)
Lifetime depression, sleep disruption and brain structure in the UK Biobank cohort.
in Journal of affective disorders
Meyer N
(2024)
The sleep-circadian interface: A window into mental disorders.
in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Rees H
(2025)
BioClocks UK: driving robust cycles of discovery to impact.
in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
Roguski A
(2024)
Sensitivity to light in bipolar disorder: implications for research and clinical practice
in The British Journal of Psychiatry
Scorza L
(2024)
Daily life in the Open Biologist's second job, as a Data Curator
in Wellcome Open Research
Scorza LCT
(2024)
Daily life in the Open Biologist's second job, as a Data Curator.
in Wellcome open research
| Title | The 5 Principles of Good Sleep Health |
| Description | The animation details information about sleep hygiene and good principles for sleep. Some of the aspects included were influenced by the Sleeptember 2024 animations co-produced by the Network Lived Experience Advisory Panel. |
| Type Of Art | Film/Video/Animation |
| Year Produced | 2026 |
| Impact | There was national coverage of the animation - the Network team member (Colin Espie) was interviewed on BBC Breakfast |
| URL | https://thesleepcharity.org.uk/the-5-principles-of-good-sleep-health/ |
| Description | Data Anonymisation Workshop |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Policy Influence Type | Influenced training of practitioners or researchers |
| URL | https://www.circadianmentalhealth.org/post/reflections-on-our-first-data-anonymisation-workshop |
| Description | NIHR Funding Call based on Network Priority Setting Partnership Identified Priorities |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to new or improved professional practice |
| URL | https://www.nihr.ac.uk/funding/using-light-therapy-carenursing-homes/2025452 |
| Description | Ambient and passive collection of sleep and circadian rhythm data in bipolar disorder to understand symptom trajectories and clinical outcomes (AMBIENT-BD). |
| Amount | £3,103,849 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | 226944/Z/23/Z |
| Organisation | Wellcome Trust |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 05/2023 |
| End | 05/2028 |
| Description | Lithium's mechanism in bipolar disorder: investigating the light hypersensitivity hypothesis. |
| Amount | £3,673,010 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | 226787/Z/22/Z |
| Organisation | Wellcome Trust |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 05/2023 |
| End | 05/2028 |
| Title | Data Sharing Practices in the MRC Circadian Mental Health Network. |
| Description | This dataset supports the research conducted within the MRC Circadian Mental Health Network which assesses data sharing practices among Principal Investigators' publications in 2023. This work aims to identify trends, challenges, and inform future recommendations and policies based on the findings. The dataset includes various files that detail the methodology, data collected, and analyses performed. Repository Contents: Methods and Analysis Report - Data Sharing Practices in the MRC CMHN.pdf This report provides the methodologies used for selecting and assessing research papers within the network, along with detailed results, tables, and discussions from the evaluation. CMHN_All_Data.xlsx An Excel workbook containing: Sheet 1: All data and variables collected and analysed for this project. Sheet 2: A README file that explains each variable and its values. CMHN DataType Scoring.xlsx An Excel workbook detailing: Sheet 1: All datatypes, both code and datasets, evaluated in this study. Sheet 2: A README explaining the variables evaluated and their specific values. CMHN Data Extraction Survey.pdf A copy of the Microsoft Form used to systematically evaluate data-sharing practices from selected publications, describing the structured data extraction process used. CMHN DataType Scoring Survey.pdf A Microsoft Form used to assess the types of data (code and datasets) shared. Data_CSV_Code.csv This file is the original, uncleaned dataset directly extracted from the initial response data of the Microsoft Form used in the project. It served as the primary dataset for all subsequent data analysis and code execution within the study. CMHN Code.Rmd An R Markdown file containing the code used for data analysis; predominantly descriptive statistics due to the limited number of papers with shared data. Recommended Use: For comparative purposes or further analysis, researchers are encouraged to utilise the cleaned datasets available in "CMHN_All_Data.xlsx" and "CMHN DataType Scoring.xlsx."Contact: For further inquiries, please email us at bio_rdm@ed.ac.uk. |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2024 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| URL | https://zenodo.org/doi/10.5281/zenodo.13710749 |
| Title | Data curation materials in "Daily life in the Open Biologist's second job, as a Data Curator" |
| Description | This is the supplementary material accompanying the manuscript "Daily life in the Open Biologist's second job, as a Data Curator", submitted to Wellcome Open Research. It contains: - Python_scripts.zip: Python scripts used for data cleaning and organization: -add_headers.py: adds specified headers automatically to a list of csv files, creating new output files containing a "_with_headers" suffix. -count_NaN_values.py: counts the total number of rows containing null values in a csv file and prints the location of null values in the (row, column) format. -remove_rowsNaN_file.py: removes rows containing null values in a single csv file and saves the modified file with a "_dropNaN" suffix. -remove_rowsNaN_list.py: removes rows containing null values in list of csv files and saves the modified files with a "_dropNaN" suffix. - README_template.txt: a template for a README file to be used to describe and accompany a dataset. - template_for_source_data_information.xlsx: a spreadsheet to help manuscript authors to keep track of data used for each figure (e.g., information about data location and links to dataset description). - Supplementary_Figure_1.tif: Example of a dataset shared by us on Zenodo. The elements that make the dataset FAIR are indicated by the respective letters. Findability (F) is achieved by the dataset unique and persistent identifier (DOI), as well as by the related identifiers for the publication and dataset on GitHub. Additionally, the dataset is described with rich metadata, (e.g., keywords). Accessibility (A) is achieved by the ease of visualization and downloading using a standardised communications protocol (https). Also, the metadata are publicly accessible and licensed under the public domain. Interoperability (I) is achieved by the open formats used (CSV; R), and metadata are harvestable using the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH), a low-barrier mechanism for repository interoperability. Reusability (R) is achieved by the complete description of the data with metadata in README files and links to the related publication (which contains more detailed information, as well as links to protocols on protocols.io). The dataset has a clear and accessible data usage license (CC-BY 4.0). |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2024 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| URL | https://zenodo.org/doi/10.5281/zenodo.13321937 |
| Description | Sleep Health Coalition |
| Organisation | British Sleep Society |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Learned Society |
| PI Contribution | Network Co-lead Alice Gregory co-chairs the coalition, and Network Coordinator Amy Ferguson is an active member. Contributions include: input to the content of the overarching objectives of the Coalition; direction on how to achieve aims within the objectives; finalising the Coalition manifesto; providing support to build Coalition |
| Collaborator Contribution | Contributions include: input to the content of the overarching objectives of the Coalition; direction on how to achieve aims within the objectives; finalising the Coalition manifesto; providing support to build Coalition |
| Impact | This Coalition is a new initiative which plans to influence future policy in the area of sleep and health. There are no outputs to report yet. |
| Start Year | 2025 |
| Description | Sleep Health Coalition |
| Organisation | OS Alliance |
| Country | Austria |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | Network Co-lead Alice Gregory co-chairs the coalition, and Network Coordinator Amy Ferguson is an active member. Contributions include: input to the content of the overarching objectives of the Coalition; direction on how to achieve aims within the objectives; finalising the Coalition manifesto; providing support to build Coalition |
| Collaborator Contribution | Contributions include: input to the content of the overarching objectives of the Coalition; direction on how to achieve aims within the objectives; finalising the Coalition manifesto; providing support to build Coalition |
| Impact | This Coalition is a new initiative which plans to influence future policy in the area of sleep and health. There are no outputs to report yet. |
| Start Year | 2025 |
| Description | Sleep and Circadian Innovation Summit |
| Organisation | Medicines Discovery Catapult |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | The Circadian Mental Health Network co-hosted this summit to bring together researchers, clinicians, industry representatives, regulators, funders and individuals with lived experience to discuss the future of the use of technology in mental health, sleep and circadian research. The Network funded and organised the event, as well as identified the majority of the attendees. The summit was attended by 48 people ranging across academia and industry. Network team members provided talks, hosted discussion sessions and facilitated networking on the day. Team members will also input to the writing of a white paper/report to publish the action points and important areas identified by the attendees. |
| Collaborator Contribution | The MDC co-hosted the event with the Network, and ran a breakout session focusing on industry perspectives and the challenges faced in collaborations. They also provided their contacts within industry. |
| Impact | There is a report currently in progress which will be published in an open access journal. |
| Start Year | 2025 |
| Description | Circadian Mental Health Network Newsletter |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A magazine, newsletter or online publication |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | A newsletter was created to detail the Network activities in the 6 months following the launch event. It was shared publicly via social media, the Network website and via the Network mailing list. We received an increase in queries about the Network from lived experience individuals, members of the public, clinicians and researchers. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| URL | https://www.circadianmentalhealth.org/post/our-first-newsletter |
| Description | Circadian Mental Health Network Summer Newsletter |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | A newsletter update of the main Network activities which was shared with the Network mailing list (at the time approximately 180 members), it was also shared on the Network website/social media channels and was further picked up by a lived experience advisory panel with The McPin Foundation. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| URL | https://www.circadianmentalhealth.org/post/our-summer-2024-newsletter |
| Description | Circadian Mental Health Network Winter Newsletter |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | A newsletter update of the main Network activities which was shared with the Network mailing list (at the time approximately 210 members), it was also shared on the Network website/social media channels. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| URL | https://www.circadianmentalhealth.org/post/our-winter-2024-newsletter |
| Description | Light O Clock |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press) |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Our Network Coordinator was interviewed for the Light O Clock podcast to discuss the inclusion of lived experience voices in research. This podcast was a collaboration of the Network and individuals with lived experience. Following on from this, people have been in touch with Network to learn more and requests to be involved. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2025 |
| URL | https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tscnlab.org%2Fpodcast&data=05%... |
| Description | Pint of Science |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Took part in the Edinburgh Pint of Science event. Speaking to at least 50 members of the public about mental health, sleep and circadian rhythms. This generated a lot of discussion, and many questions, as well as engagement with the Network's Priority Setting Partnership. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| URL | https://x.com/CircadianMHNetw/status/1790823465915650406 |
| Description | Sleeptember |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Patients, carers and/or patient groups |
| Results and Impact | In collaboration with The McPin Foundation, a series of co-designed animations were created to provide information on sleep and mental health. The content was based on existing research, clinical guidelines and personal experiences for individuals with lived experience of mental health difficulties and sleep disturbances. The questions answered in the animations were selected from the Network's Priority Setting Partnership, and were highlighted as questions that had already been answered by research but that had not been shared sufficiently with the general public. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| URL | https://www.youtube.com/@CircadinMentalHealthNetwork/shorts |
| Description | The Sleep Charity - Sleep for All |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Hosted a stall in collaboration with BioClocks UK to share accessible research on mental health, sleep and circadian rhythms. The event occurred over two days, and we had discussions with over 150 people who were interested in learning more about the Networks, and being more involved in research. The talks generated a lot of discussion and increased engagement with both Networks. Including involvement with the Network's Priority Setting Partnership. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2025 |
| URL | https://bsky.app/profile/circadianmhnetw.bsky.social/post/3ljclji6ko22p |
