Diversity in Upland Rivers for Ecosystem Service Sustainability - DURESS

Lead Research Organisation: CARDIFF UNIVERSITY
Department Name: School of Biosciences

Abstract

With the UK's water valued at £200 billion p.a., Britain's 389,000 km of river ecosystems are arguably our most important. In addition to providing water, they supply other major ecosystem services such as the regulation of flooding and water quality; support to adjacent ecosystems by supplying energy and nutrients; and large cultural value for charismatic organisms, recreation, and education. However, the ways in which organisms and ecosystem functions maintain these services in rivers are extremely poorly understood. This is despite large ongoing effects on river organisms from changing catchment land use, and increasingly also from climate change. Cost implications are large and result, for example, from impacts on recreational fisheries, water treatment costs, and high value river biodiversity. By contrast, opportunities to use management positively to increase the ecosystem service value of rivers by enhancing beneficial in-river organisms have barely been considered.

In this project, we will focus on four examples of river ecosystem services chosen to be explicitly biodiversity-mediated: the regulation of water quality; the regulation of decomposition; fisheries and recreational fishing; and river birds as culturally valued biodiversity. Each is at risk from climate/land use change, illustrating their sensitivity to disturbance thresholds over different time scales. These services vary in attributable market values, and all require an integrated physical, biogeochemical, ecological and socio-economic science perspective that none of the project partners could deliver alone.

Using river microbes, invertebrates, fish and river birds at levels of organisation from genes to food webs, we will test the overarching hypothesis that: "Biodiversity is central to the sustainable delivery of upland river ecosystem services under changing land-use and climate". Specifically, we will ask: 1. What is the range of services delivered by upland rivers, and which are biologically mediated? 2. What are the links between biodiversity (from genes to food webs) and service delivery? 3. How does river biodiversity affect the rate or resilience of ecosystem service delivery through time? 4. How do changes in catchment land use/ management and climate affect river biota? 5. How should river biodiversity be managed to sustain ecosystem services?

At spatial scales ranging from small experimental catchments to the whole region, and at temporal scales from sub-annual to over three decades, the work will be carried out in upland Wales as a well-defined geographical area of the UK that is particularly rich in the spatially extensive and long-term data required for the project.

Planned Impact

The research findings of the project will have a direct impact on academic researchers, the water industry, conservationists, land managers, policy makers and regulators, and the general public. Impact will be maximised by the participation in the project of representatives of each of these beneficiaries.

Academic beneficiaries: Detailed information on novel methods and approaches to quantify the key aspects of biodiversity that underpin delivery of ecosystem services, and to identify key thresholds and/or resilience in service delivery will be important for community ecologists, system ecologists, hydrologists, and social-economic scientists. Key harmonised and updated environmental databases on rivers as well as information for climate change adaptation and land use management will bring further benefit, in particular to aid development of valuation methods for ecosystems.

The water industry: In deepening our understanding of the relationship between landuse/management and climate changes and river ecosystem processes, this project will help the water industry implement a whole catchment approach to water quality management. In particular it will help to identify options to reduce and manage impacts on water quality, notably in areas that add large costs to water treatment such as elevated nitrate and Dissolved Organic Carbon content, color, and waterborne pathogens that are not controlled using standard water disinfection such as Cryptosporidium.

Land managers: Management of land to minimize impacts on rivers and their ecosystems is a central aim of River Basin Management Plans to deliver compliance with the Water Framework Directive. Agri-environment schemes are a key delivery mechanism where managers need better information on the resilience of river ecosystems and the sensitivity of land use to biodiversity and ecosystem health. This is particularly in the context of meeting the challenge of climate change and the possible ways that land use changes may occur to mitigate climate change and to adapt to climate change.

Conservation managers: The project will provide better information on how protecting and enhancing biodiversity may increase the resilience to deliver ecosystem services, notably in the face of land and climate changes. This will enable conservation efforts that currently revolve around flora and fauna to have a stronger justification in terms of delivering human benefits. The ability to use valuation methods to assess and decide on management options will add greatly to the rigour of these processes and help to justify implementation.

Policy makers and regulators: The project will help this group to develop measures which deliver on the objective of achieving good ecological status of rivers. Valuation methods will help to decide on how management schemes should be designed to optimize delivery of ecosystem services, and to design ways to achieve resilience to the challenges of environmental change.

General public: Most people do not have a clear idea of the way that conservation measures are designed and implemented. By linking biodiversity to ecosystem services and their values, the public will have a better understanding of what conservation policies are trying to achieve. As well as being crucial to ecosystem function the project will show the considerable amenity value of river systems.
 
Title Decomposition video (English) 
Description Video explaining the decomposition experiments in winter 2012/13. Produced by Jennifer Peach, commentary by Hugh Felley. 
Type Of Art Film/Video/Animation 
Year Produced 2013 
Impact This video has been viewed 639 times on You Tube 
URL http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KsJY-50b4wE
 
Title Decomposition video (Welsh) 
Description Welsh language version of the decomposition experiment which took place in Winter 2012/13. produced by Jennifer Peach, commentary by Marian Pye 
Type Of Art Film/Video/Animation 
Year Produced 2013 
Impact This video has been viewed over 100 times on YouTube 
URL http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1hkiKIIPWtg
 
Title Duress photographic exhibition 
Description Exhibition of 15 artistic photographs - large framed prints on easels - with accompanying explanation (A5) that explains what we are doing in Duress, why we are doing it and what are the main results. Two sets of explanatory sheets explain what each image conveys - one set is aimed at practitioners, and one set set is aimed at the general public. This toured Welsh Government buildings. An exhibition booklet accompanies the exhibition. 
Type Of Art Artwork 
Year Produced 2014 
Impact Senior Medical Officer, WG reported that they would "be more conscious of the ranges of environmental effects of medical work" and wrote "brilliant use of art - message and meaning to promote thought and change. Thank you" Another respondent working in the area of Health said the exhibition has motivated them to "consider inviting DURESS researchers to committee" Feedback forms and email feedback from Welsh Government staff organisers suggest it was very useful for improving staff knowledge and awareness of biodiversity and ecosystem services. 
URL http://nerc-duress.org/impact/duress-exhibition
 
Title Duress project overview video 
Description Video about Duress project 
Type Of Art Film/Video/Animation 
Year Produced 2012 
Impact 1639 views on YouTube 
URL http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cmKT75jALHk
 
Title Scenarios for upland Wales 
Description This 3D film plunges the audience into four scenarios for upland Wales. Seen from the eyes of an emerging freshwater insect, these four short films provide panoramic 3D sweeps of what the future could hold for up[land Wales. The aim of the films is to engage public audiences into thinking about how they see the future of up[land landscapes and ecosystems. 
Type Of Art Film/Video/Animation 
Year Produced 2014 
Impact The films have currently only been shown to a stakeholder event in October 2014 and were met with huge interest. The visual effects are far more effective at narrating the scenarios than long reports. 
 
Title Shaping the Future Film 
Description "Shaping Our Future" examines the potential future of uplands. With the help of CGI and stunning aerial footage we explore how their management impacts everyone. Based on DURESS research. Narrated by TV presenter Dr Rhys Jones. Produced by Phill Anstice. 
Type Of Art Film/Video/Animation 
Year Produced 2015 
Impact 250 views on youtube. Film was used as an opener at our DURESS Ecosystem Services Lessons Learned event at Welsh Assembly building. It was highly commended by Assembly Members and Welsh Government staff. 
URL https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XdDa8hcqKwg
 
Title Singers at Royal Oak 
Description Singers at pub local to the artificial fumes sing songs about uplands and rivers to help communicate to the local community the research we are doing in their community. 
Type Of Art Performance (Music, Dance, Drama, etc) 
Year Produced 2016 
Impact Community more aware of research and supportive of the work. 
 
Description Much of the data is as yet unpublished and therefore it is slightly premature to summarise the findings of DURESS. Key highlights so far include:

• Energy transfers - Evidence for upland broadleaf tree planting to support fish and adapt rivers to climate change.
• Food webs are key components in the engine of ecosystem services.
• The power of biofilm in supporting production and regulating water quality.
• Landscape context affects community diversity in all groups of organisms from microbes to birds, and at all levels from genes to ecosystems.
• Water quality is highly dynamic during storms which is potentially critical to river biodiversity.
• The UKs river systems are highly dynamic as they recover from some stressors (eg acidification as at Llyn Brianne) but are degraded by others (e.g. sediments).
• Catchment land use is important for river resilience.
• The DURESS Scenarios are helping to envisage future land-use change and its consequences for ecosystem services (e.g. salmon density and moderating cryptosporidium infection risk).
• People place large value on water quality. We need the right tools and measures to quantify biodiversity and its role in ecosystem services.
Exploitation Route Knowledge of Cryptosporidium transmission routes will contribute to change in Public Health Wales guidelines (PHW Cryptosporidium Unit leaflet -likely). Evidence of enhanced awareness of health risks to users of untreated drinking water abstractions and river leisure users very likely.
Scenarios may be used by the Waitrose agricultural ethics division to shape Waitrose land management and farming guidance policies.
Policy decisions by Welsh Government regarding the implementation of the ecosystems approach are likely to be influenced by DURESS research. This is very likely due to Welsh Government being DURESS partner. In particular, policy regarding the management of Welsh uplands for clean water provision and policy regarding the planting of broadleaves across the UK uplands.
NRW may utilise Cardiff research to meet the legislative requirements of Water Framework Directive.
The charity RSPB may change its policy and the management of its reserves because of DURESS work on bird ecosystem services. The charity BTO or Bird Life international may advocate changes in land management based on Duress outputs.
UK and/or European WFD may be influenced by DURESSresearch-monitoring measures and requirements are changed because of Duress research.
The company Welsh Water may utilise DURESS research to determine safe levels of water abstraction in reservoirs for river biodiversity and fish. Following DURESS research, the company may modify land use on their abstraction catchments to increase the natural water treatment process by biofilms thus reducing water treatment costs.
Future Earth - the research evidence group for the Intergovernmental Panel on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services -promotes Duress framework as a model to monitor biodiversity. (Paper for Science by Future Earth group on biodiversity monitoring (ID co-author); report to IPBES hopefully should include paper content).
Sectors Agriculture

Food and Drink

Environment

 
Description The ability of freshwater ecosystems to deliver key societal services such as clean water, fisheries and recreation, is increasingly under threat. Duress research has quantified the missing link between landscape decisions, river biodiversity and the sustainability of these services for human well-being. Critically, this set of tools and concepts are now being implemented across the range of stakeholder groups: i) Welsh Government and Natural resources Wales for the sustainable management of this key natural capital for future generations, ii) Welsh Water for a natural solution approach to water quality management, and iii) international organisations as a framework to address the link between poverty and healthy freshwaters in Africa.
First Year Of Impact 2014
Sector Communities and Social Services/Policy,Environment,Government, Democracy and Justice
Impact Types Societal

Policy & public services

 
Description NRW Strategic Futures use of DURESS research
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Citation in other policy documents
 
Description SO Defra
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Participation in a guidance/advisory committee
Impact Improved assessment of outcomes from agri-environment schemes
 
Description SO on Welsh Environmental Advisory Board
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Participation in a guidance/advisory committee
Impact As part of the board, SO utilises Duress findings to guide the Welsh Environmental Advisory Board.
 
Description SO on various RSPB committees
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Participation in a guidance/advisory committee
Impact Steve Ormerod sits on RSPB conservation committee, communication committee, management committee and council. In these positions SO has impact through RSPB million members on government decisions. Using findings from Duress, SO regularly influences the way these different committees think, and this has direct repercussions on the environment guidance that RSPB proposes to policy makers.
URL http://www.rspb.org.uk/forprofessionals/policy/
 
Description Cardiff University Research Institute
Amount £3,400,000 (GBP)
Organisation Cardiff University 
Sector Academic/University
Country United Kingdom
Start 07/2015 
 
Description Defra network - BICCO-NET
Amount £14,000 (GBP)
Organisation Department For Environment, Food And Rural Affairs (DEFRA) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 01/2013 
End 01/2014
 
Description EU FP7
Amount € 245,000 (EUR)
Organisation European Commission 
Sector Public
Country European Union (EU)
Start 02/2014 
End 02/2017
 
Description FRESH CDT
Amount £2,100,000 (GBP)
Organisation Natural Environment Research Council 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 09/2018 
End 09/2024
 
Description GCRF internal grant eDNA Namibia
Amount £32,000 (GBP)
Funding ID GCRF internal grant 
Organisation United Kingdom Research and Innovation 
Department Global Challenges Research Fund
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 01/2020 
End 11/2020
 
Description Water Security Alliance
Amount £250,000 (GBP)
Organisation GW4 
Sector Academic/University
Country United Kingdom
Start 01/2019 
End 12/2020
 
Title Cascading streams 
Description 4 artificial cascading streams were built in upland Wales to increase capacity for monitoring of upland streams. It is possible to control flow and temperature of the cascades, which can also be re-circulated. Constant monitoring of temperature, flow, light, and oxygen. The streams are set in the two dominant upland habitats (2 replicates in moorland catchments, and 2 replicates in conifer forest catchments). This experimental facility is the first of its kind, and is fed by gravity. 
Type Of Material Improvements to research infrastructure 
Year Produced 2016 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact Cascades have been used in summer 2013 to do re-circulating experiments to test the impact of microbial biodiversity on regulating DOC content in stream water - a major issue for Water companies. Flumes used by eDNA project at Bangor Uni. 
URL http://nerc-duress.org/?page_id=11
 
Title Algal primary production of Welsh upland rivers in response to organic matter addition (2013) 
Description These data are algal production values in eight Welsh upland rivers with contrasting land-use, moorland and exotic conifer, in response to riparian deciduous leaf addition. Eight sampling reaches were chosen at two sites, Llyn Brianne (4 reaches) and Plynlimon (4 reaches). The experiment consisted of adding deciduous leaves to half of the reaches whilst the other half were maintained as a control (no addition of deciduous leaves). In order to characterise the algal production of the studied streams, algal biofilm samples were collected from tiles previously placed, during January 2013 (before deciduous leaf addition) and March 2013 (after deciduous leaf addition) in each sampling reach. The main goal of this survey was to examine how aquatic biodiversity and organic matter stocks respond to deciduous leaf addition in moorland and conifer forested rivers. Dr Isabelle Durance was responsible for organising the surveys, Dr Hugh Feeley, Dr Anne-Laure Sauvadet and Marian Pye were in charge of collecting, processing and sorting the samples. The work was carried out under Diversity in Upland Rivers for Ecosystem Service Sustainability (DURESS) project (Grant reference NERC NE/J014818/1). DURESS was a project funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2017 
Provided To Others? Yes  
URL https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/f13b0975-6af4-4315-9e4f-63a1cb4bd796
 
Title Benthic organic matter of Welsh upland rivers in response to organic matter addition (2013) 
Description These data are benthic organic matter stocks of coarse and fine particulate organic matter in eight Welsh upland rivers with contrasting land-use, moorland and exotic conifer, in response to riparian deciduous leaf addition. Eight sampling reaches were chosen at two sites, Llyn Brianne (4 reaches) and Plynlimon (4 reaches). The experiment consisted of adding deciduous leaves to half of the reaches whilst the other half were maintained as a control (no addition of deciduous leaves). To characterise the benthic organic matter of the studied streams, a Surber net was used to collect monthly samples during 2013 on January (before deciduous leaf addition) and from February to April (after deciduous leaf addition) in each sampling reach. The main goal of this survey was to examine how aquatic biodiversity and organic matter stocks respond to leaf addition in moorland and conifer forested rivers. Dr Isabelle Durance was responsible of organising the surveys, Marian Pye was in charge of collecting, processing and sorting the samples. The work was carried out under Diversity in Upland Rivers for Ecosystem Service Sustainability (DURESS) project (Grant reference NERC NE/J014818/1). DURESS was a project funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2017 
Provided To Others? Yes  
URL https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/32eaf811-be10-40cb-9794-7c5a1b97a915
 
Title Cellulolytic decomposition in Welsh upland rivers in response to organic matter addition (2013) 
Description These data are cellulolytic decomposition in eight Welsh upland rivers with contrasting land-use, moorland and exotic conifer, in response to riparian deciduous leaf addition. Eight sampling reaches were chosen at two sites, Llyn Brianne (4 reaches) and Plynlimon (4 reaches). The experiment consisted of adding deciduous leaves to half of the reaches whilst the other half were maintained as a control (no addition of deciduous leaves). To characterise the cellulolytic decomposition of the studied streams, cotton strips were placed and then collected during January 2013 (before deciduous leaf addition) and March 2013 (after deciduous leaf addition) in each sampling reach. The main goal of this survey was to examine how aquatic biodiversity and litter decomposition respond to leaf addition in moorland and conifer forested rivers. Dr Isabelle Durance was responsible for organising the surveys, Dr Dan Perkins was in charge of collecting, processing and sorting the samples. The work was carried out under Diversity in Upland Rivers for Ecosystem Service Sustainability (DURESS) project (Grant reference NERC NE/J014818/1). DURESS was a project funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2017 
Provided To Others? Yes  
URL https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/53b4ec90-cb8a-49c6-a6f9-18a77f980b0f
 
Title Cryptosporidium in upland water biota, United Kingdom (2012-2015) 
Description These data show the presence/absence and identification of Cryptosporidium species from the results of a molecular survey of various upland river biota aquatic invertebrates, biofilms, mammal droppings and fish guts, gills and faeces. Samples were collected from various upland influenced sites from around Wales between 2012 and 2015 and were collected. Additionally, otter samples from UK-wide project were also tested. Sample collection was primarily undertaken by DURESS researchers at Cardiff University. Sample testing and analysis was performed at the Cryptosporidium Reference Unit, Public Health Wales Microbiology, Swansea. DNA was extracted using a commercially available kit (Gentra PureGene), Qiagen stool and tissue DNA kits for the fish and mammal samples. These data were collected to provide new information required for the production of a catchment pathogen model to inform ecosystems (dis)services analysis of land use change scenarios for the Diversity in Upland Rivers for Ecosystem Service Sustainability (DURESS) project, part of the NERC Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) BESS Programme. 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2017 
Provided To Others? Yes  
 
Title DURESS datasets 
Description Biodiversity and ecosystem services data 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2015 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact Watts, G.et al. 2015. Climate change and water in the UK - past changes and future prospects. Progress in Physical Geography 39(1), pp. 6-28. (10.1177/0309133314542957) 
 
Title Fish species and production in Welsh rivers along a biodiversity gradient (2012 - 2013) 
Description This dataset consists of fish species, fish length and fish weight from samples taken from small and medium catchments across Wales. Samples were collected in the summers and autumns of 2012 and 2013 using electrofishing. All the collected individuals were counted and recorded to represent the fish diversity and abundance of each sampling site and date. The main goal of this survey was to relate fish production with a gradient of aquatic biodiversity associated with different environmental settings (land-use intensify, recovery from acidification). Dr Isabelle Durance was responsible for organising the surveys, Dr Hugh Feeley was in charge of collecting, sorting and measuring the fish samples. The work was carried out under the Diversity in Upland Rivers for Ecosystem Service Sustainability (DURESS) project (Grant reference NERC NE/J014818/1). DURESS was a project funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2017 
Provided To Others? Yes  
URL https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/57f95ff8-e1b0-41b9-866a-feb231aecb67
 
Title GIS database for Duress sites 
Description A full GIS database has been created for all the 128 Duress catchments comprising: altitude, slope, land use 2012, land use change 1980-2012, land ownership, agricultural value. 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2013 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact The GIS database is used by all the Duress researchers to assess links between catchment character and biodiversity/Ecosystem services 
 
Title Genotype data for three freshwater macroinvertebrate species in upland Wales, UK (2012-2013) 
Description The resource consists of genotype data (genetic constitution of an individual organism) for three freshwater macroinvertebrate species, Amphinemura sulcicollis, Isoperla grammatica and Baetis rhodani collected at sites in upland Wales during May 2012 and May 2013. New nucleotide tandem repeats in DNA sequences i.e. Novel microsatellites were developed for this project so that genetic analysis could be carried out within the three species. Extra data on how microsatellite scores were grouped i.e. binned into unique alleles is provided, to aid replication. The data was generated for Hannah Macdonald's PhD thesis: to study genetic structure and diversity, demographic species history and resilience in freshwater ecosystems. The work was carried out under Diversity in Upland Rivers for Ecosystem Service Sustainability (DURESS) project (Grant reference NERC NE/J014818/1). DURESS was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) under the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2017 
Provided To Others? Yes  
 
Title Historical database for Duress sites 
Description Collection of records in 1980/81, 1995/96, 2012/13 on chemistry, temperature, invertebrates, fish and birds, curated, formatted and harmonised for the 128 Duress sites. 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2013 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact Used by Duress team to understand resilience in river ecosystem services 
 
Title Macroinvertebrate leaf decomposers in response to organic matter addition to streams in the Welsh uplands (2013) 
Description These data are macroinvertebrate composition and abundance in eight Welsh upland rivers with contrasting land-use, moorland and exotic conifer, in response to riparian deciduous leaf addition. Eight sampling reaches were chosen at two sites, Llyn Brianne (4 reaches) and Plynlimon (4 reaches). The experiment consisted of adding deciduous leaves to half of the reaches whilst the other half were maintained as control (no addition). Nylon mesh bags containing deciduous leaves were fixed in both experimental and control reaches to estimate leaf decomposition rates. The macroinvertebrate composition of the nylon mesh bags was surveyed in January 2013 and again in March 2013 in each sampling reach. The main goal of this survey was to examine how aquatic biodiversity responds to leaf addition in moorland and conifer forested rivers. Dr Isabelle Durance was responsible for organising the surveys, Dr Hugh Feeley, Dr Dan Perkins and Marian Pye were in charge of collecting, processing and sorting the invertebrate samples. The work was carried out under Diversity in Upland Rivers for Ecosystem Service Sustainability (DURESS) project (Grant reference NERC NE/J014818/1). DURESS was a project funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2017 
Provided To Others? Yes  
URL https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/3e6a9ffd-59f2-48ea-840b-1582dc6c1e3d
 
Title Molecular analysis of freshwater bacterial biofilm communities under experimentally manipulated dissolved organic carbon regimes at Llyn Brianne (2014) 
Description These data consist of raw 16S rRNA gene sequences for the bacterial communities in three upland Welsh river sites under different treatments. A mapping file with metadata for each sample is provided and a operational taxonomic unit (OTU) table. These sites were situated in three streams from the Llyn Brianne Stream Observatory, Powys, Wales, UK (52°08' N, 3°45' W). The catchments cover approximately 300 square kilometres of upland Wales in the upper Afon Tywi. These first to third order experimental streams rise in either rough, sheep-grazed moorland (named as L6 and L7) or plantations of Sitka spruce Picea sitchensis with lodgepole pine Pinus contorta (named as L3). Some reductions of forest cover have occurred in L3 with normal logging operations. A 24-hour experiment was conducted at the Diversity in Upland Rivers for Ecosystem Service Sustainability (DURESS) cascading flumes at these streams during September 2014. Each flume consisted of 3 channels, each assigned a different treatment: control, sugar addition and peat addition. Sugar (sucrose) and peat were added to channels to represent a simple and complex form of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) respectively. Five biofilm samples were collected from random locations in each experimental channel. Samples were taken at 0.5, 3, 15 and 24 hours after the start of the experiment. Epilithon were taken from unglazed ceramic tiles that had been colonised by epilithon in the river. After amplification, the 16S rRNA fragments were sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq next generation sequencing platform. The main goal of this survey was to characterise bacterial diversity, the chemical and biological consequences of elevated DOC inputs, and to investigate the role of bacterial organisms in controlling organic carbon flux. Prof Andy Weightman and Dr Isabelle Durance were responsible for organising the experiments. Sampling was carried out by Dr. Isa-Rita Russo and a team of Post Doctoral Research Assistants (PDRA's)/students. The work was carried out under the Diversity in Upland Rivers for Ecosystem Service Sustainability (DURESS) project (Grant reference NERC NE/J014818/1). DURESS was a project funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2017 
Provided To Others? Yes  
 
Title Populations of high-value predators reflect the traits of their prey dataset 
Description The extent to which prey traits combine to influence the abundance of predators is still poorly understood, particularly for mixed predators in sympatry and in aquatic ecosystems. In this study, we characterise prey use and distribution in iconic bird (grey wagtails and Eurasian dippers) and fish species (brown trout and Atlantic salmon) to assess whether prey traits could predict populations of these four riverine predators. Specifically, we hypothesised that: (i) Prey key traits would predict predator populations more effectively than (ii) Diversity of prey traits, (iii) the taxonomic abundance or richness of prey (known as traditional or mass-effect types of biodiversity) or (iv) the prevailing environmental conditions. Combined predator population sizes were predicted better by a few key traits - specifically those revealing prey habitat use, size and drifting behaviour - than by prey diversity or prey trait diversity or environmental conditions. Our findings demonstrate that the complex relationships between prey assemblages and multiple predator species can be represented mechanistically when the key prey traits that govern encounter and consumption rates are identified. Given their apparent potential to reveal trophic relationships, and to complement more traditional measures of prey abundance, we advocate further development of trait-based approaches in predator-prey research. 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2021 
Provided To Others? Yes  
URL http://datadryad.org/stash/dataset/doi:10.5061/dryad.d51c5b02k
 
Title Scenarios for upland Wales 
Description Scenarios for upland Wales were created by the Duress team i partnership with our stakeholders and translated through a set of rules for each of the Duress catchments. Novel scenario translation techniques were developed in the process and will be published. 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2014 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact The models will be used by the Duress team to assess potential scenarios for ecosystem services sustainability. The scenarios have had huge interest from both the stakeholder and academic community and have given rise to a report card currently in press. 
URL http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/news/articles/a-new-vision-for-upland-wales-12556.html
 
Title Suspended organic matter stocks of Welsh upland rivers in response to organic matter addition (2012-2013) 
Description These data are suspended organic matter stocks of coarse and fine particulate organic matter in eight Welsh upland rivers with contrasting land-use, moorland and exotic conifer, in response to riparian deciduous leaf addition. Eight sampling reaches were chosen at two sites, Llyn Brianne (4 reaches) and Plynlimon (4 reaches). The experiment consisted of adding deciduous leaves to half of the reaches whilst the other half were maintained as a control (no addition of deciduous leaves). To characterise the suspended organic matter of the studied streams, water was filtered to collect monthly samples from December 2012 to January 2013 (before deciduous leaf addition) and from February to April 2013 (after deciduous leaf addition) in each sampling reach. The main goal of this survey was to examine how aquatic biodiversity and organic matter stocks respond to leaf addition in moorland and conifer forested rivers. Dr Isabelle Durance was responsible for organising the surveys, Marian Pye was in charge of collecting, processing and sorting the samples. The work was carried out under Diversity in Upland Rivers for Ecosystem Service Sustainability (DURESS) project (Grant reference NERC NE/J014818/1). DURESS was a project funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2017 
Provided To Others? Yes  
URL https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/37e7a1b3-0564-4c6f-84df-a9635edb57b4
 
Title Taxonomy for macroinvertebrates in Welsh upland rivers (2012-2013) 
Description These data are for macroinvertebrate taxonomy and abundance of Welsh upland rivers. The sampling sites were located in small and medium catchments across Wales. Sampling took place in either spring 2013 for sites in the Wye catchment or during 2012 for the other catchments. At each sampling point, 2-minute kick-samples were taken from river riffles to represent macroinvertebrate composition. Samples were preserved in industrial methylated spirit on site. Samples were then sorted and identified in the laboratory. The main goal of this survey was to characterise a gradient of aquatic biodiversity associated with different environmental settings for example land-use intensify and recovery from acidification. Dr Isabelle Durance was the responsible of organising the surveys, Dr Hugh Feeley was in charge of collecting, processing and sorting the invertebrate samples. Kath Layer was commissioned by Cardiff University for the identification. The work was carried out under Diversity in Upland Rivers for Ecosystem Service Sustainability (DURESS) project (Grant reference NERC NE/J014818/1). DURESS was a project funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2017 
Provided To Others? Yes  
 
Title Water chemistry of Welsh upland rivers (2012-2013) 
Description These data consist of stream water chemistry for selected Welsh upland rivers. The sampling sites were located in sixty one small and medium catchments. Catchments were chosen from the Welsh Acid Water Surveys (WAWS) program (41 sites) and the Wye catchment (20 sites). Results for pH, alkalinity, conductivity and major cation and anion measurements are presented for the WAWS catchments. Results for pH, alkalinity, conductivity and major anion measurements are presented for the Wye catchment. Samples from the Wye catchment were collected in May 2012. Samples from the WAWS catchments were taken during the summer and autumn of 2012 and spring and summer of 2013. The data were collected to characterise water chemistry variation along a gradient of aquatic biodiversity associated with different environmental settings for example land-use intensify and recovery from acidification. Dr Isabelle Durance was responsible for organising the surveys, Dr Hugh Feeley was in charge of collecting and preserving the water samples. Analysis of the water samples was carried out at the Forest Research Laboratories. The work was carried out under Diversity in Upland Rivers for Ecosystem Service Sustainability (DURESS) project (Grant reference NERC NE/J014818/1). DURESS was a project funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2017 
Provided To Others? Yes  
 
Description BESS partnership 
Organisation Natural Environment Research Council
Department Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS)
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Presentations from PI and/or WP leaders at all meetings for the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (BESS) consortia. Involvement of early career Duress team in BESS Early Career group and activties Contributions to the BESS newsletter
Collaborator Contribution Training opportunities and meetings for Duress early career
Impact Outputs include publication by Raffaelli et al on Big data - see publications section This collaboration is multi-disciplinary from natural to social sciences.
Start Year 2012
 
Description BESS partnership 
Organisation Natural Environment Research Council
Department Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS)
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Presentations from PI and/or WP leaders at all meetings for the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (BESS) consortia. Involvement of early career Duress team in BESS Early Career group and activties Contributions to the BESS newsletter
Collaborator Contribution Training opportunities and meetings for Duress early career
Impact Outputs include publication by Raffaelli et al on Big data - see publications section This collaboration is multi-disciplinary from natural to social sciences.
Start Year 2012
 
Description Collaboration with the University of Namibia on eDNA in freshwaters 
Organisation University of Namibia
Country Namibia 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution We analysed eDNA samples of freshwater bodies in the Cuvelai basin
Collaborator Contribution Collaborators sampled the freshwater bodies
Impact We have a paper drafted
Start Year 2018
 
Description DURESS Research Teams 
Organisation Aberystwyth University
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Isabelle Durance is the PI of Duress and so coordinates between the research teams, organising team meetings to plan research and update researchers and board on progress.
Collaborator Contribution Duress teams contribute their own research within particular work packages and contribute and share ideas (for example at meetings) for other work packages.
Impact Multiple outputs - all of which are listed in the relevant sections and attributed to the grant code NE/J014818/1 This partnership is multi-disciplinary and involves ecologists, environmental scientists and environmental economists.
Start Year 2012
 
Description DURESS Research Teams 
Organisation British Trust for Ornithology
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution Isabelle Durance is the PI of Duress and so coordinates between the research teams, organising team meetings to plan research and update researchers and board on progress.
Collaborator Contribution Duress teams contribute their own research within particular work packages and contribute and share ideas (for example at meetings) for other work packages.
Impact Multiple outputs - all of which are listed in the relevant sections and attributed to the grant code NE/J014818/1 This partnership is multi-disciplinary and involves ecologists, environmental scientists and environmental economists.
Start Year 2012
 
Description DURESS Research Teams 
Organisation Forest Research
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Isabelle Durance is the PI of Duress and so coordinates between the research teams, organising team meetings to plan research and update researchers and board on progress.
Collaborator Contribution Duress teams contribute their own research within particular work packages and contribute and share ideas (for example at meetings) for other work packages.
Impact Multiple outputs - all of which are listed in the relevant sections and attributed to the grant code NE/J014818/1 This partnership is multi-disciplinary and involves ecologists, environmental scientists and environmental economists.
Start Year 2012
 
Description DURESS Research Teams 
Organisation Imperial College London
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Isabelle Durance is the PI of Duress and so coordinates between the research teams, organising team meetings to plan research and update researchers and board on progress.
Collaborator Contribution Duress teams contribute their own research within particular work packages and contribute and share ideas (for example at meetings) for other work packages.
Impact Multiple outputs - all of which are listed in the relevant sections and attributed to the grant code NE/J014818/1 This partnership is multi-disciplinary and involves ecologists, environmental scientists and environmental economists.
Start Year 2012
 
Description DURESS Research Teams 
Organisation Lancaster University
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Isabelle Durance is the PI of Duress and so coordinates between the research teams, organising team meetings to plan research and update researchers and board on progress.
Collaborator Contribution Duress teams contribute their own research within particular work packages and contribute and share ideas (for example at meetings) for other work packages.
Impact Multiple outputs - all of which are listed in the relevant sections and attributed to the grant code NE/J014818/1 This partnership is multi-disciplinary and involves ecologists, environmental scientists and environmental economists.
Start Year 2012
 
Description DURESS Research Teams 
Organisation Public Health Wales NHS Trust
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Isabelle Durance is the PI of Duress and so coordinates between the research teams, organising team meetings to plan research and update researchers and board on progress.
Collaborator Contribution Duress teams contribute their own research within particular work packages and contribute and share ideas (for example at meetings) for other work packages.
Impact Multiple outputs - all of which are listed in the relevant sections and attributed to the grant code NE/J014818/1 This partnership is multi-disciplinary and involves ecologists, environmental scientists and environmental economists.
Start Year 2012
 
Description DURESS Research Teams 
Organisation Queen Mary University of London
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Isabelle Durance is the PI of Duress and so coordinates between the research teams, organising team meetings to plan research and update researchers and board on progress.
Collaborator Contribution Duress teams contribute their own research within particular work packages and contribute and share ideas (for example at meetings) for other work packages.
Impact Multiple outputs - all of which are listed in the relevant sections and attributed to the grant code NE/J014818/1 This partnership is multi-disciplinary and involves ecologists, environmental scientists and environmental economists.
Start Year 2012
 
Description DURESS Research Teams 
Organisation UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Isabelle Durance is the PI of Duress and so coordinates between the research teams, organising team meetings to plan research and update researchers and board on progress.
Collaborator Contribution Duress teams contribute their own research within particular work packages and contribute and share ideas (for example at meetings) for other work packages.
Impact Multiple outputs - all of which are listed in the relevant sections and attributed to the grant code NE/J014818/1 This partnership is multi-disciplinary and involves ecologists, environmental scientists and environmental economists.
Start Year 2012
 
Description Duress Stakeholder Partner - Forest Research 
Organisation Forest Research
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Forest Research is a stakeholder partner in the Duress Project, this means they contributed to the setup and are a key beneficiary of the outputs. The Duress team regularly updates them on findings of interest through newsletters, events and meetings. Forest Research were paid £21989 as a Duress subcontract for some chemical analysis and staff time.
Collaborator Contribution Forest Research provided a letter of support for Duress application, are part of the Project Advisory Group and share data. They support Duress by contributing knowledge and feedback to the project, for example they sent staff to attend a workshop held to explore principle drivers of upland use change to create scenarios. Attended by around 30 experts from the water, land use and climate change sectors. Staff assisted with the assessment of the sensitivity of river ecosystem services to land-use change - using GIS to analyse land use and climate change data over past 30 years including aerial photographs.
Impact Report card- see publications. This collaboration is multi-disciplinary, including ecologists and social scientists.
Start Year 2012
 
Description Duress Stakeholder Partner - NRW 
Organisation Natural Resources Wales
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution NRW is a stakeholder partner in the Duress Project, this means they contributed to the setup and are a key beneficiary of the outputs. NRW was previously Countryside Council, Wales and Environment Agency Wales and Forestry Commission Wales. The Duress team regularly updates them on findings of interest through newsletters, events and meetings.
Collaborator Contribution NRW provided a letter of support for Duress application, are part of the Project Advisory Group and share data e.g. on fish. NRW allow Duress to use their land for research purposes. They support Duress by contributing knowledge and feedback to the project, for example they sent staff to attend a workshop held to explore principle drivers of upland use change to create scenarios. Attended by around 30 experts from the water, land use and climate change sectors.
Impact Report card- see publications. This collaboration is multi-disciplinary, including ecologists and social scientists.
Start Year 2012
 
Description Duress Stakeholder Partner - Welsh Water 
Organisation Welsh Water
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution Welsh Water is a stakeholder partner in the Duress Project, this means they contributed to the setup and are a key beneficiary of the outputs. The Duress team regularly updates them on findings of interest through newsletters, events and meetings.
Collaborator Contribution Welsh Water provided a letter of support for Duress application. They support Duress by contributing knowledge and feedback to the project, for example they sent staff to attend a workshop held to explore principle drivers of upland use change to create scenarios. Attended by around 30 experts from the water, land use and climate change sectors.
Impact Report card- see publications. This collaboration is multi-disciplinary, including ecologists and social scientists.
Start Year 2012
 
Description Duress Stakeholder partner - Welsh Gov 
Organisation Government of Wales
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Welsh Government is a stakeholder partner in the Duress Project, this means they contributed to the setup and are a key beneficiary of the outputs. The Duress team regularly updates them on findings of interest through newsletters, events and meetings.
Collaborator Contribution Welsh Government provided a letter of support for Duress application, are part of the Project Advisory Group and share data. They support Duress by contributing knowledge and feedback to the project, for example they sent staff to attend a workshop held to explore principle drivers of upland use change to create scenarios. Attended by around 30 experts from the water, land use and climate change sectors.
Impact Report card- see publications. This collaboration is multi-disciplinary, including ecologists and social scientists.
Start Year 2012
 
Description Duress stakeholder partner - Afonydd Cymru 
Organisation Afonydd Cymru
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution Afonydd Cymru is a stakeholder partner in the Duress Project, this means they contributed to the setup and are a key beneficiary of the outputs. The Duress team regularly updates them on findings of interest through newsletters, events and meetings.
Collaborator Contribution Afonydd Cymru provided a letter of support for Duress application, have provided data and supervision of research students. They support Duress by contributing knowledge and feedback to the project, for example they sent staff to attend a workshop held to explore principle drivers of upland use change to create scenarios. Attended by around 30 experts from the water, land use and climate change sectors.
Impact Report card- see publications. This collaboration is multi-disciplinary, including ecologists and social scientists.
Start Year 2012
 
Description Duress stakeholder partner - RSPB 
Organisation Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB)
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution RSPB is a stakeholder partner in the Duress Project, this means they contributed to the setup and are a key beneficiary of the outputs. The Duress team regularly updates them on findings of interest through newsletters, events and meetings.
Collaborator Contribution RSPB provided a letter of support for Duress application and allow use of their land for research purposes. They support Duress by contributing knowledge and feedback to the project, for example they sent staff to attend a workshop held to explore principle drivers of upland use change to create scenarios. Attended by around 30 experts from the water, land use and climate change sectors.
Impact Report card- see publications. This collaboration is multi-disciplinary, including ecologists and social scientists.
Start Year 2012
 
Description Marconutrient Cycles consortium 
Organisation University of Oxford
Department Macronutrient Cycles Programme
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Attendance of the meetings of the Macronutrient Cycles NERC group.
Start Year 2012
 
Description Multi-lateral partnership for Scenario building 
Organisation Afonydd Cymru
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution Workshop held to explore principle drivers of upland use change to create scenarios. Attended by around 30 experts from the water, land use and climate change sectors. The team regularly shares findings of relevance to these partners through events and newsletters.
Collaborator Contribution The partners and collaborators have contributed to workshops on building scenarios (Duress WP1) and have provided feedback on scenario work and findings. Moreover these partners have participated in the writing of the 'Upland scenarios report card'. Please note the value of in kind contributions made by Duress stakeholder Partners are detailed under the individual entries for these organisations under "Collaborations and Partnership", this includes their in kind contribution to this workshop and scenario building.
Impact Outputs are the report card - see publications section The collaboration is multi-disciplinary and involves social and natural scientists.
Start Year 2013
 
Description Multi-lateral partnership for Scenario building 
Organisation Brecon Beacons National Park
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Workshop held to explore principle drivers of upland use change to create scenarios. Attended by around 30 experts from the water, land use and climate change sectors. The team regularly shares findings of relevance to these partners through events and newsletters.
Collaborator Contribution The partners and collaborators have contributed to workshops on building scenarios (Duress WP1) and have provided feedback on scenario work and findings. Moreover these partners have participated in the writing of the 'Upland scenarios report card'. Please note the value of in kind contributions made by Duress stakeholder Partners are detailed under the individual entries for these organisations under "Collaborations and Partnership", this includes their in kind contribution to this workshop and scenario building.
Impact Outputs are the report card - see publications section The collaboration is multi-disciplinary and involves social and natural scientists.
Start Year 2013
 
Description Multi-lateral partnership for Scenario building 
Organisation Brecon Beacons National Park
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Workshop held to explore principle drivers of upland use change to create scenarios. Attended by around 30 experts from the water, land use and climate change sectors. The team regularly shares findings of relevance to these partners through events and newsletters.
Collaborator Contribution The partners and collaborators have contributed to workshops on building scenarios (Duress WP1) and have provided feedback on scenario work and findings. Moreover these partners have participated in the writing of the 'Upland scenarios report card'. Please note the value of in kind contributions made by Duress stakeholder Partners are detailed under the individual entries for these organisations under "Collaborations and Partnership", this includes their in kind contribution to this workshop and scenario building.
Impact Outputs are the report card - see publications section The collaboration is multi-disciplinary and involves social and natural scientists.
Start Year 2013
 
Description Multi-lateral partnership for Scenario building 
Organisation Coed Cymru
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution Workshop held to explore principle drivers of upland use change to create scenarios. Attended by around 30 experts from the water, land use and climate change sectors. The team regularly shares findings of relevance to these partners through events and newsletters.
Collaborator Contribution The partners and collaborators have contributed to workshops on building scenarios (Duress WP1) and have provided feedback on scenario work and findings. Moreover these partners have participated in the writing of the 'Upland scenarios report card'. Please note the value of in kind contributions made by Duress stakeholder Partners are detailed under the individual entries for these organisations under "Collaborations and Partnership", this includes their in kind contribution to this workshop and scenario building.
Impact Outputs are the report card - see publications section The collaboration is multi-disciplinary and involves social and natural scientists.
Start Year 2013
 
Description Multi-lateral partnership for Scenario building 
Organisation Countryside Council for Wales
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Workshop held to explore principle drivers of upland use change to create scenarios. Attended by around 30 experts from the water, land use and climate change sectors. The team regularly shares findings of relevance to these partners through events and newsletters.
Collaborator Contribution The partners and collaborators have contributed to workshops on building scenarios (Duress WP1) and have provided feedback on scenario work and findings. Moreover these partners have participated in the writing of the 'Upland scenarios report card'. Please note the value of in kind contributions made by Duress stakeholder Partners are detailed under the individual entries for these organisations under "Collaborations and Partnership", this includes their in kind contribution to this workshop and scenario building.
Impact Outputs are the report card - see publications section The collaboration is multi-disciplinary and involves social and natural scientists.
Start Year 2013
 
Description Multi-lateral partnership for Scenario building 
Organisation Department For Environment, Food And Rural Affairs (DEFRA)
Department UK National Ecosystem Assessment (NEA)
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Workshop held to explore principle drivers of upland use change to create scenarios. Attended by around 30 experts from the water, land use and climate change sectors. The team regularly shares findings of relevance to these partners through events and newsletters.
Collaborator Contribution The partners and collaborators have contributed to workshops on building scenarios (Duress WP1) and have provided feedback on scenario work and findings. Moreover these partners have participated in the writing of the 'Upland scenarios report card'. Please note the value of in kind contributions made by Duress stakeholder Partners are detailed under the individual entries for these organisations under "Collaborations and Partnership", this includes their in kind contribution to this workshop and scenario building.
Impact Outputs are the report card - see publications section The collaboration is multi-disciplinary and involves social and natural scientists.
Start Year 2013
 
Description Multi-lateral partnership for Scenario building 
Organisation Environment Agency
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Workshop held to explore principle drivers of upland use change to create scenarios. Attended by around 30 experts from the water, land use and climate change sectors. The team regularly shares findings of relevance to these partners through events and newsletters.
Collaborator Contribution The partners and collaborators have contributed to workshops on building scenarios (Duress WP1) and have provided feedback on scenario work and findings. Moreover these partners have participated in the writing of the 'Upland scenarios report card'. Please note the value of in kind contributions made by Duress stakeholder Partners are detailed under the individual entries for these organisations under "Collaborations and Partnership", this includes their in kind contribution to this workshop and scenario building.
Impact Outputs are the report card - see publications section The collaboration is multi-disciplinary and involves social and natural scientists.
Start Year 2013
 
Description Multi-lateral partnership for Scenario building 
Organisation Environment Systems
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution Workshop held to explore principle drivers of upland use change to create scenarios. Attended by around 30 experts from the water, land use and climate change sectors. The team regularly shares findings of relevance to these partners through events and newsletters.
Collaborator Contribution The partners and collaborators have contributed to workshops on building scenarios (Duress WP1) and have provided feedback on scenario work and findings. Moreover these partners have participated in the writing of the 'Upland scenarios report card'. Please note the value of in kind contributions made by Duress stakeholder Partners are detailed under the individual entries for these organisations under "Collaborations and Partnership", this includes their in kind contribution to this workshop and scenario building.
Impact Outputs are the report card - see publications section The collaboration is multi-disciplinary and involves social and natural scientists.
Start Year 2013
 
Description Multi-lateral partnership for Scenario building 
Organisation Forest Research
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Workshop held to explore principle drivers of upland use change to create scenarios. Attended by around 30 experts from the water, land use and climate change sectors. The team regularly shares findings of relevance to these partners through events and newsletters.
Collaborator Contribution The partners and collaborators have contributed to workshops on building scenarios (Duress WP1) and have provided feedback on scenario work and findings. Moreover these partners have participated in the writing of the 'Upland scenarios report card'. Please note the value of in kind contributions made by Duress stakeholder Partners are detailed under the individual entries for these organisations under "Collaborations and Partnership", this includes their in kind contribution to this workshop and scenario building.
Impact Outputs are the report card - see publications section The collaboration is multi-disciplinary and involves social and natural scientists.
Start Year 2013
 
Description Multi-lateral partnership for Scenario building 
Organisation National Farmers Union
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Workshop held to explore principle drivers of upland use change to create scenarios. Attended by around 30 experts from the water, land use and climate change sectors. The team regularly shares findings of relevance to these partners through events and newsletters.
Collaborator Contribution The partners and collaborators have contributed to workshops on building scenarios (Duress WP1) and have provided feedback on scenario work and findings. Moreover these partners have participated in the writing of the 'Upland scenarios report card'. Please note the value of in kind contributions made by Duress stakeholder Partners are detailed under the individual entries for these organisations under "Collaborations and Partnership", this includes their in kind contribution to this workshop and scenario building.
Impact Outputs are the report card - see publications section The collaboration is multi-disciplinary and involves social and natural scientists.
Start Year 2013
 
Description Multi-lateral partnership for Scenario building 
Organisation National Farmers Union
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Workshop held to explore principle drivers of upland use change to create scenarios. Attended by around 30 experts from the water, land use and climate change sectors. The team regularly shares findings of relevance to these partners through events and newsletters.
Collaborator Contribution The partners and collaborators have contributed to workshops on building scenarios (Duress WP1) and have provided feedback on scenario work and findings. Moreover these partners have participated in the writing of the 'Upland scenarios report card'. Please note the value of in kind contributions made by Duress stakeholder Partners are detailed under the individual entries for these organisations under "Collaborations and Partnership", this includes their in kind contribution to this workshop and scenario building.
Impact Outputs are the report card - see publications section The collaboration is multi-disciplinary and involves social and natural scientists.
Start Year 2013
 
Description Multi-lateral partnership for Scenario building 
Organisation Natural Resources Wales
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Workshop held to explore principle drivers of upland use change to create scenarios. Attended by around 30 experts from the water, land use and climate change sectors. The team regularly shares findings of relevance to these partners through events and newsletters.
Collaborator Contribution The partners and collaborators have contributed to workshops on building scenarios (Duress WP1) and have provided feedback on scenario work and findings. Moreover these partners have participated in the writing of the 'Upland scenarios report card'. Please note the value of in kind contributions made by Duress stakeholder Partners are detailed under the individual entries for these organisations under "Collaborations and Partnership", this includes their in kind contribution to this workshop and scenario building.
Impact Outputs are the report card - see publications section The collaboration is multi-disciplinary and involves social and natural scientists.
Start Year 2013
 
Description Multi-lateral partnership for Scenario building 
Organisation Natural Resources Wales
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Workshop held to explore principle drivers of upland use change to create scenarios. Attended by around 30 experts from the water, land use and climate change sectors. The team regularly shares findings of relevance to these partners through events and newsletters.
Collaborator Contribution The partners and collaborators have contributed to workshops on building scenarios (Duress WP1) and have provided feedback on scenario work and findings. Moreover these partners have participated in the writing of the 'Upland scenarios report card'. Please note the value of in kind contributions made by Duress stakeholder Partners are detailed under the individual entries for these organisations under "Collaborations and Partnership", this includes their in kind contribution to this workshop and scenario building.
Impact Outputs are the report card - see publications section The collaboration is multi-disciplinary and involves social and natural scientists.
Start Year 2013
 
Description Multi-lateral partnership for Scenario building 
Organisation Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB)
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution Workshop held to explore principle drivers of upland use change to create scenarios. Attended by around 30 experts from the water, land use and climate change sectors. The team regularly shares findings of relevance to these partners through events and newsletters.
Collaborator Contribution The partners and collaborators have contributed to workshops on building scenarios (Duress WP1) and have provided feedback on scenario work and findings. Moreover these partners have participated in the writing of the 'Upland scenarios report card'. Please note the value of in kind contributions made by Duress stakeholder Partners are detailed under the individual entries for these organisations under "Collaborations and Partnership", this includes their in kind contribution to this workshop and scenario building.
Impact Outputs are the report card - see publications section The collaboration is multi-disciplinary and involves social and natural scientists.
Start Year 2013
 
Description Multi-lateral partnership for Scenario building 
Organisation Welsh Water
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution Workshop held to explore principle drivers of upland use change to create scenarios. Attended by around 30 experts from the water, land use and climate change sectors. The team regularly shares findings of relevance to these partners through events and newsletters.
Collaborator Contribution The partners and collaborators have contributed to workshops on building scenarios (Duress WP1) and have provided feedback on scenario work and findings. Moreover these partners have participated in the writing of the 'Upland scenarios report card'. Please note the value of in kind contributions made by Duress stakeholder Partners are detailed under the individual entries for these organisations under "Collaborations and Partnership", this includes their in kind contribution to this workshop and scenario building.
Impact Outputs are the report card - see publications section The collaboration is multi-disciplinary and involves social and natural scientists.
Start Year 2013
 
Description Multi-lateral partnership for Scenario building 
Organisation Woodland Trust
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution Workshop held to explore principle drivers of upland use change to create scenarios. Attended by around 30 experts from the water, land use and climate change sectors. The team regularly shares findings of relevance to these partners through events and newsletters.
Collaborator Contribution The partners and collaborators have contributed to workshops on building scenarios (Duress WP1) and have provided feedback on scenario work and findings. Moreover these partners have participated in the writing of the 'Upland scenarios report card'. Please note the value of in kind contributions made by Duress stakeholder Partners are detailed under the individual entries for these organisations under "Collaborations and Partnership", this includes their in kind contribution to this workshop and scenario building.
Impact Outputs are the report card - see publications section The collaboration is multi-disciplinary and involves social and natural scientists.
Start Year 2013
 
Description Phoenix waters 
Organisation University of Namibia
Country Namibia 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution The Duress and Lofresh teams have collaborated with the University of Namibia to work on the use of eDNA to monitor freshwater ecosystem services in Namibia, and were funded by EU Erasmus funding to visit Namibia to initiate the collaboration.
Collaborator Contribution The University of Namibia hosted a workshop to discuss water security issues in Namibia and the potential to use eDNA data for monitoring purposes.
Impact The collaboration is multidisciplinary, including freshwater ecologists, molecular ecologists, social scientists. Outputs include a Welsh Government GCRF small grant to sample freshwater sin the Cuvelai Basin
Start Year 2018
 
Description Tywi restoration 
Organisation Carmarthenshire Rivers Trust
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution The Duress PI and team collaborate with the Trust on their Tywi Restoration project funded by NRW and Welsh Water. The Tywi catchment is at the centre of Duress sites.
Collaborator Contribution Partners have provided expertise on restoration work, and contributed to understanding of Ecosystem services provided by Rivers.
Impact Transfer of knowledge between River managers and academics
Start Year 2012
 
Description Wye catchment Partnership 
Organisation Department For Environment, Food And Rural Affairs (DEFRA)
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution The Wider Severn Partnership brings together practitioners around solving environmental and landscape management issues for the wider Severn. The Duress team are involved to contribute their knowledge and influence attitudes/thinking towards and ecosystem/catchment approach based on evidence provided by the Duress project..
Collaborator Contribution Partners are part of the partnership and help the Duress team to better understand the pressures upon these catchments which are included in the Duress sites.
Impact Multidisciplinary partnership
Start Year 2013
 
Description Wye catchment Partnership 
Organisation Wye and Usk Foundation
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution The Wider Severn Partnership brings together practitioners around solving environmental and landscape management issues for the wider Severn. The Duress team are involved to contribute their knowledge and influence attitudes/thinking towards and ecosystem/catchment approach based on evidence provided by the Duress project..
Collaborator Contribution Partners are part of the partnership and help the Duress team to better understand the pressures upon these catchments which are included in the Duress sites.
Impact Multidisciplinary partnership
Start Year 2013
 
Description Artwork and blog based on dipper pollution paper 
Form Of Engagement Activity Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Artwork and blog based on dipper pollution paper
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2015
URL http://www.naturemusicpoetry.com/news-and-blog/science-inspires-taras-return-to-art
 
Description Biology Rocks! National Museum Cardiff 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Each October Cardiff University research teams take part in "Biology Rocks" to celebrate National Biology Week. This year DURESS had a stand with a "Nature plays as part of a team" game allowing people to sort their own river food web and discuss what happens when "key players are injured". Also popular were our live stream invertebrates and a "Why do rivers need trees?" lucky dip. It is estimated 1385 people visited the event. We even had adults encouraging their children to take part because they wanted to know the answers themselves!
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2015
 
Description CIEEM Conference proceedings 
Form Of Engagement Activity A magazine, newsletter or online publication
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact To communicate through the CIEEM conference proceedings the work of Duress

Distribution of our work to over 2000 members
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2014
URL http://www.cieem.net/data/files/Resource_Library/In_Practice/CIEEM_InPractice84_Jun14.pdf
 
Description Cascade Launch/Rhyndrmwyn/ 23rd May 2014 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Launch of the new Duress infrastructure in Mid Wales including site visit and event involving local stakeholders, Duress partners and NRW, including CEO Emyr Roberts.

Lots of local interest in the project - some added to the newsletter distribution list. Coverage on social media.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2013
URL http://nerc-duress.org/?p=2181
 
Description DURESS Ecosystems Project - Lessons Learned Event 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact On the date that marked the end of the DURESS grant (1st Dec 2015), the team gathered in the Welsh Assembly Pierhead building, Cardiff Bay, to share the lessons learned so far on river biodiversity and ecosystem services. Sponsored by Alun Ffred Jones, AM, Chair of the Environment and Sustainability Committee of the Welsh Assembly, the event attracted a packed audience from Welsh Government, Dwr Cymru, Wildlife Trusts, NERC, British Ecological Society, RSPB, Brecon Beacons National Park and other stakeholders.

In his welcome, Alun Ffred Jones, AM described how he grew up in the hills featured in the film and in the DURESS project. He pressed researchers to make Assembly committees aware of their projects given the extent to which Assembly members rely on external evidence. They particularly need practical recommendations based on research evidence.

DURESS, he said, stood up to this challenge by outlining the key lessons learned. Matthew Quinn from the Welsh Government, a key stakeholder in DURESS, outlined the policy context. He commended the project, particularly its stakeholder and public engagement. Echoing Alun Ffred Jones', call for change, Matthew said DURESS is giving direction on habitat restoration, building an evidence base that moved beyond single natural resources to ecosystems, and helping to shape debate on payment for ecosystem services i.e. "paying for what nature does for us".
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2015
URL http://nerc-duress.org/news
 
Description DURESS Exhibition at Welsh Gov offices Cardiff 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact DURESS photo exhibition displayed in foyer of Welsh Gov building for 1 day. Exhibition manned by 3 DURESS researchers. 114 brochures given out. Feedback was very positive, welcoming of future such events, possible invitation to give evidence to Health committee. Reporting of increased knowledge of biodiversity and ecosystem services and will consider both in work from across Welsh gov departments - including Health, transport, planning, education.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2015
 
Description DURESS Project Newsletter 
Form Of Engagement Activity A magazine, newsletter or online publication
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact The newsletter keeps team, partners and other interested parties up to date with the project progress.

Impacts include stimulating further collaborations within the Duress team - for example set-up of new Masters collaborations between institutions and between our stakeholder partners and CU.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2012,2013,2014
URL http://nerc-duress.org/?page_id=11
 
Description Duress social media 
Form Of Engagement Activity A magazine, newsletter or online publication
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact 1298 followers on Twitter as of 10/11/2014

Posts on twitter spark replies and conversations and are frequently retweeted.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2012,2013,2014
URL https://twitter.com/DURESS_HQ
 
Description Duress website 
Form Of Engagement Activity A magazine, newsletter or online publication
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Supporters
Results and Impact Website has resulted in enquiries for information

Students have reported increased knowledge of biodiversity for ecosystem service sustainability and some have completed research projects on related ssubjects
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2012,2013,2014
URL http://nerc-duress.org
 
Description Exhibition at Welsh Government/NRW Aberystwyth 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact The ?DURESS Photo exhibition is currently on display in the Welsh Government building in Aberystwyth which also houses some Natural Resources Wales offices. The 15 photographs, themed around DURESS work, are being used as a more fun and interesting way of communicating our work, rather than simply circulating research journal articles. Welsh Government and Natural Resources Wales are key partners in DURESS and we hope all WG and NRW staff enjoy the exhibit, not just those we already work with.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2015
URL http://nerc-duress.org/impact/duress-exhibition
 
Description Future Earth Group presentation (Yale) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Other audiences
Results and Impact 80 people attended. Feeds into IPBES and will result in a paper.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2015
URL http://www.yale.edu/ycei/futureearth/
 
Description Future Earth workshop 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact The Future Earth cluster on "Global Biodiversity Monitoring, Prediction and Reporting" aims to provide a forum for interdisciplinary research activities and scientific questions associated with globally integrated monitoring and assessment of biodiversity (species, populations, traits). The purpose of the 2016 workshop on Global Biodiversity Assessment and Monitoring -Science, Data and Infrastructure Needs for IPBES and Beyond, was to reflect on monitoring of biodiversity at a global scale. Two papers were produced. One paper was provided to IPBES - Inter government panel on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Sustainability - to provide the science evidence and inform on gaps. One paper was published focused on freshwater ecosystems, the paper refers to both Duress and Lofresh.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016
URL http://biodiversitymonitoring.org
 
Description HF - Seminal Lecture (GMIT, Galway, Ireland) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Undergraduate students
Results and Impact Well received, well attended,
Attended by Academics, early career researchers, undergraduate students

lots of interest in the approach used in DURESS and the scale of the project. Lots of positive questions and a general disbelief that similar work was not happening in Ireland currently.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2014
 
Description HP appointed to Wye Catchment Partnership 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Presented the Duress approach to catchment management

Duress provides evidence for discussions on Wye management strategies
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2014
URL http://www.catchmentbasedapproach.org/severn/wye#intro
 
Description HP presents scenarios at Dwr Cymru (Welsh Water) IEAP 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact HP presents scenarios at Dwr Cymru (Welsh Water) IEAP - Independent group advising Dwr Cymru on their environmental action plans. Representatives from businesses, NGOs and academics

Raised profile of DURESS with Welsh Water and also linked in with development of Welsh Rural Development Plan
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2013
URL http://www.dwrcymru.co.uk/en/Environment/IEAP.aspx
 
Description Hay on Wye Festival 2012 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Talk at Hay on Wye Festival by Isabelle Durance (2nd June 2012) on River Landscapes - Safeguarding Vital Resources

After talk, members of the audience came to tell me how they were totally unaware of the issues in rivers
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2012
URL https://www.hayfestival.com/wales
 
Description ID and SO particpate to NERC Freshwater Community meeting on 'Big Ideas' in freshwater ecology 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Participants in your research and patient groups
Results and Impact NERC community bid development

Bid sent to NERC
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2013
 
Description ID introduces Duress to Tywi restoration project group 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Knowledge transfer from Duress work to help decision making for the Tywi restoration project supported by NRW and Welsh Water. This project aims to restore fish populations and river health in the Tywi catchment (part of Duress sites).

Understanding of the need for an ecosystem approach to the restoration measures.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2013
 
Description ID introduces Duress to the Water Consortium, St David's Day Group 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Participants in your research and patient groups
Results and Impact This was a networking operation

After the talk we made further links with the remote sensing community in Aberystwyth
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2013
 
Description ID presents DURESS to the Welsh Government's Water Policy Division 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Raised awareness of Duress and of the potential impact for the Water company

Invitation to present at next Science meeting for the company
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2013
 
Description ID talks about ecosystem services at the Philosophy Cafe 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact The 1h talk and ensuing discussion was very animated and sparked many questions

Discussion got the audience to think about freshwaters as a natural capital and it's value
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2013
URL http://smokewriting.co.uk/philcafeblog/?p=1540
 
Description Invited talk Symposium for European freshwater Science 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact 300 participants in Geneva, lots of questions raised on the confusion between natural resources and ecosystem services.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2015
URL http://www.sefs9.ch/
 
Description Invited talk to a Canadian network on aquatic biodiversity and ecosystem services 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Provide an overview of the Duress/Lofresh project to a Canadian programme engaged in a similar field of Biodiversity and an Ecosystem service sustainability in freshwaters. Compare and contrast, lessons learned from the Duress project and insights into the Lofresh project. NSERC CNAES is a national research network supported by NSERC's Strategic Network Grants program, which encourages large-scale, multidisciplinary, collaborative research projects that could improve Canada's economy, society and environment within the next decade. CNAES is a consortium of approximately 30 researchers from 11 universities, government, and industrial partners, plus many graduate students and post-doctoral researchers, that conduct research and training about aquatic ecosystems.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016
URL http://www.cnaes.ca
 
Description KU Lueven presentation 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact Presentation and Nat Small spending 4 days working there exchanging GIS skills
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016
 
Description MB and SO lead workshop on freshwater biodiversity and ecosystem services 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Participants in your research and patient groups
Results and Impact Workshop explored issues in managing freshwaters for ecosystem services

NRW and Welsh Government interested in outcomes of workshop
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2014
 
Description MB at 'Meeting the EU 2020 Biodiversity Targets: Mainstreaming Conservation' 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Mike Bruford at 'Meeting the EU 2020 Biodiversity Targets: Mainstreaming Conservation' - Sept 2013

DURESS presented and leaflets taken
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2013
URL http://www.ebcd.org/en/EP_Intergroup_CCBSD/Meeting_the_EU_2020_Biodiversity_Targets__Mainstreaming_C...
 
Description MB presents Duress to EcoGenes project team at invited talk in Donana (Spain) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Participants in your research and patient groups
Results and Impact Raised awareness of the project

NA
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2013
 
Description MP and GW at the Natural History Museum - Science Uncovered 2013 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Marian Pye (Duress PhD student) at the Natural History Museum - Science Uncovered 2013 with Guy Woodward from Imperial Duress. Our stall involved showcasing the wonders of river food webs, including various types of invertebrates both live and preserved; we had a ppt of duress photos showing the type of work we do; plus duress promo leaflets.

Loads of people asking questions of all ages/backgrounds, and I'd say they learned a lot! Not just about animal life but also about the services we get from rivers - barely any people knew/had heard of ecosystem services before.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2013
URL http://www.nhm.ac.uk/natureplus/blogs/whats-new/2013/09/18/the-countdown-to-science-uncovered-2013-h...
 
Description NRW and Cardiff University Sustainable Places Research Institute workshop on Progressing the Evidence Interface 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Sian Griffiths and Eleanor Kean presented DURESS and how DURESS collaborate with NRW. Options for further collaboration between NRW were explored.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2015
 
Description Royal Welsh Show 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact DURESS Scientists from Aberystwyth and Cardiff Universities were joined by show attendees at the Royal Welsh Show. Children of all ages used our microscopes and keys to help identify invertebrates and find out about their functions. Some may have even been inspired to take up science courses in the future!
DURESS social scientists from Aberystwyth University were also asking people how they value the benefits we all gain from rivers. Their research will help us to understand the economic cost-benefits of upland river catchments and people's preferences for ecosystem services.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2015
 
Description SG presents Duress to St Andrews University 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Participants in your research and patient groups
Results and Impact Sparked interests in Duress from fish ecologists

NA
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2013
 
Description SO - TV apperance on BBC's Countryfile on dippers, urban streams and pollution 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Programme sparked social media discussion

none
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2014
 
Description SO - meeting and fair with Coutry landowners and Business Association 5/6/2013 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact SO talked to farmers, explained the work in Duress and the notion of ecosystem services

Discussion about how this group can be proactive in new land use models
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2013
 
Description SO Adviced Nigel Pope, Mara Media, on dippers and river ecosystem services 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact SO Adviced Nigel Pope, Mara Media, on dippers and river ecosystem services for BBC documentary
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2015
 
Description SO explains value of ecology research to early career event at BES 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Participants in your research and patient groups
Results and Impact Aimed to inspire early career researchers - very well received

After talk, several young researchers came to discuss opportunities in freshwater ecology
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2013
URL http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4KqwPxV_Tyo
 
Description SO keynote speaker at Rivers trust Autumn Conference 2013 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact SO keynote speaker at Rivers trust Autumn Conference 2013

Interest of audience members for the project
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2013
URL http://www.theriverstrust.org/seminars/autumn_2013/
 
Description SO presents to EA - Keeping Rivers Cool 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact SO - Contribution and closing address to EA 'Keeping rivers cool' meeting on riparian management, climate resilience and river function

Interest in Duress project stimulated
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2013
URL http://www.ecrr.org/NewsEvents/Newsupdates/tabid/2622/ID/3002/Keeping-rivers-cool--creating-riparian...
 
Description SO talk to Irish EPA of ecosystem service approach to forest management, Dublin 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Fed ecosystem service thinking into plans for forest management in Ireland

NA yet
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2013
 
Description SO talks at House of Commons seminar of High Nature Value Farming 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Disseminated concepts of ecosystem services in catchment farming systems

Concepts received with interest
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2013
 
Description School visit (Lakeside Primary) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Schools
Results and Impact Isabelle Durance and Marian Pye delivered an assembly to Y3-Y6 240 primary students. The session lasted 20 minutes where we explained the water cycle, with cascading boxes to show how rainwater fell on the land, then seeped to the rivers then ended in the sea by gravity, then evaporated under the sun to form clouds that would bring rainwater to lands etc... One child was chosen to be the sun (we gave him sunglasses) and his job was to take water from the sea box and pour it over the land as fast as the gravity fed water system ran. We then chose a fisherman (equipped with a fishing rod), a footballer (equipped with a football scarf), a farmer (equipped with a cowboy hat), a factory worker (equipped with high viz vest), to represent water users. The last 3 were asked to abstract water from the river using a water blaster and bring it to the water treatment plant (bucket filled with some dark vinegar to represent pollution). We then poured the not so clean water in the river and noticed that the water both in the river and the sea was a bit polluted. Fisherman was asked his opinion and suggested fish decline. We then evoked climate change, namely predicted hot dry summers and asked sun to take keep the 'evaporated' water rather than rainfall it. With the other users continuing to abstract, the river went dry. We asked users and fisherman and all agreed there was a problem. We called 4 more volunteers: a chemist, a hydrologist, an ecologist and a social scientist on stage and explained what they did. We then explained how they need to work together and with the users to figure out a solution, which is what we do in Duress.
Feedback from 4 teachers was that it was absolutely brilliant, fed in their curriculum, that children were absolutely mesmerised and attentive, and that they'd like us back for Y5 and Y6 in more detail.
Feedback from one child who missed break to come and see us: 'was great and how do you become a scientist because that's what I want to do'. Feedback from James's friends: 'it was the most amazing assembly ever!'
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2015
 
Description Welsh Water DC Innovation Event 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact DURESS presented to all of water sector in Wales. Opportunity to liaise with GW4 partners.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016
URL http://www.dwrcymru.com/en/Innovation/Events.aspx