Rethinking carbonate diagenesis: clues to past carbon cycling from an overlooked carbon sink
Lead Research Organisation:
University of Birmingham
Department Name: Sch of Geography, Earth & Env Sciences
Abstract
Over geological timescales carbon is recycled through the atmosphere, the biosphere, the ocean, and even gets incorporated into sedimentary rock; this movement of carbon between reservoirs is colloquially called the 'carbon cycle.' Carbon in the rock record can be preserved as organic (biological) molecules or inorganic molecules of calcium carbonate, also known as limestone. By studying the chemical differences between the carbon in these organic and inorganic carbon compounds, we can reconstruct aspects of the history of life, past changes in climate, and even the history of the oxygenation of Earth's atmosphere.
Recently, we have recognised that the way we read geologic history may be vastly influenced by a third type of carbon in the rock record. 'Diagenetic carbonate' is made of the same mineral as limestone, but forms from decomposed organic carbon. Its carbon, therefore, can be more chemically similar to the organic carbon from which it forms. A better understanding of the amount of carbon stored as diagenetic carbonate during earth's history could fundamentally change the answers to questions relating to past oxygen levels and past climate changes. Indeed, diagenetic carbonate certainly seems to be more common in the rock record than it is in the modern ocean - for example much of the limestone at Britain's most popular fossil tourism sites is diagenetic carbonate, including parts of the Dorset, Somerset, Yorkshire, and Glamorgan coastlines. Unfortunately, our understanding of the production of diagenetic carbonate during various geologic periods is in its infancy.
The formation of diagenetic carbonate is governed by the interactions of many different chemical processes in the ocean sediment. Therefore, to decipher when, why, and how much diagenetic carbonate is produced under different environmental and oceanic conditions, I will use state of the art computer modelling to answer these questions. In light of the resulting calculations, I will be able to reinterpret aspects of past climates, abrupt climate change and the history of the oxygenation of Earth's atmosphere.
In addition to this, I will also be conducting field work at sites with abundant diagenetic carbonate (including those on the Somerset and Yorkshire coasts) and measuring the chemistry of the diagenetic carbonates. With this information, the computer models I use will then be able to rewind the sedimentary record to decipher what kinds of environmental factors led to the formation of these diagenetic carbonates. The Somerset coast contains the records of a mass extinction and the Yorkshire coast the records of a time when the ocean was extremely low in oxygen. The information that the diagenetic carbonates provide about the past environments will helps us unravel the causes and consequences of these past episodes of rapid climate change. This new and exciting method to learn about the past from diagenetic carbonate, an untapped archive of past climates, can then be applied to all sorts of other episodes of climate change in Earth history.
This fellowship answers a call in the field of palaeoclimate science for interdisciplinarity. We can learn much more by combining the power of modelling with exciting new field and laboratory observations. I have designed a fellowship research plan which integrates and augments my skills in field and lab geology as well as climate modelling, and assembled a cast of collaborators who are world leaders in their respective fields. This project will serve as a model to geoscientists studying the history of life and climate for how modelling and data approaches can be combined in a new, powerful way.
Recently, we have recognised that the way we read geologic history may be vastly influenced by a third type of carbon in the rock record. 'Diagenetic carbonate' is made of the same mineral as limestone, but forms from decomposed organic carbon. Its carbon, therefore, can be more chemically similar to the organic carbon from which it forms. A better understanding of the amount of carbon stored as diagenetic carbonate during earth's history could fundamentally change the answers to questions relating to past oxygen levels and past climate changes. Indeed, diagenetic carbonate certainly seems to be more common in the rock record than it is in the modern ocean - for example much of the limestone at Britain's most popular fossil tourism sites is diagenetic carbonate, including parts of the Dorset, Somerset, Yorkshire, and Glamorgan coastlines. Unfortunately, our understanding of the production of diagenetic carbonate during various geologic periods is in its infancy.
The formation of diagenetic carbonate is governed by the interactions of many different chemical processes in the ocean sediment. Therefore, to decipher when, why, and how much diagenetic carbonate is produced under different environmental and oceanic conditions, I will use state of the art computer modelling to answer these questions. In light of the resulting calculations, I will be able to reinterpret aspects of past climates, abrupt climate change and the history of the oxygenation of Earth's atmosphere.
In addition to this, I will also be conducting field work at sites with abundant diagenetic carbonate (including those on the Somerset and Yorkshire coasts) and measuring the chemistry of the diagenetic carbonates. With this information, the computer models I use will then be able to rewind the sedimentary record to decipher what kinds of environmental factors led to the formation of these diagenetic carbonates. The Somerset coast contains the records of a mass extinction and the Yorkshire coast the records of a time when the ocean was extremely low in oxygen. The information that the diagenetic carbonates provide about the past environments will helps us unravel the causes and consequences of these past episodes of rapid climate change. This new and exciting method to learn about the past from diagenetic carbonate, an untapped archive of past climates, can then be applied to all sorts of other episodes of climate change in Earth history.
This fellowship answers a call in the field of palaeoclimate science for interdisciplinarity. We can learn much more by combining the power of modelling with exciting new field and laboratory observations. I have designed a fellowship research plan which integrates and augments my skills in field and lab geology as well as climate modelling, and assembled a cast of collaborators who are world leaders in their respective fields. This project will serve as a model to geoscientists studying the history of life and climate for how modelling and data approaches can be combined in a new, powerful way.
Planned Impact
Who and How?
Public: The public will benefit from outreach events including Festival of Nature and Discover, expert-guided field excursions highlighting how this research deciphers the history behind some of the most popular British fossil hunting localities, and activity and quiz sheets to bring students in the field via the Geologist's Association Junior Arm "Rockwatch". All of the field guides and activity/quiz sheets I generate will be hosted on my website for general use as will information describing what some of the most prominent features at some of Britain's best-loved rocky seaside outcrops can tell us about the history of life and climate.
Postgraduate students: Postgraduates will benefit from a 3-day carbonate diagenesis workshop that I will conduct twice over the course of this fellowship in conjunction with Sandra Arndt and Fiona Whitaker. This workshop has been conceived as a short course that will be conducted every three years in perpetuity. All palaeoclimate students grapple with diagenesis in some form during their postgraduate work (either directly or indirectly), yet it is an oft-neglected topic. This hands-on workshop will introduce students to 1) chemical changes and proxy fidelity; 2) authigenic minerals as proxies; 3) reaction-transport modelling. It will also establish a network of early-career researchers with a core focus but varied backgrounds, fostering future collaborations within this community. I will also invite motivated postgraduates to serve as field assistants for my field work, giving them valuable field geology skills.
Industry: The hydrocarbon industry will benefit from a new palaeoenvironmental proxy and an improved, integrative understanding regarding the precipitation of diagenetic carbonates. This fellowship will shed light on the controls on organic matter preservation and hence on petroleum source rock formation. Improved understanding of cementation, a key control on mechanical strength, will contribute to more effective prediction in tight carbonate systems, which are important hosts for shale oil and gas.
Scientific community: The scientific community will benefit from a diversification of the community. Women are traditionally underrepresented in the modelling subfield of geosciences. This fellowship not only funds a woman for continued modelling-based research, but two of the collaborators on the project (SA, FW) are women modellers. A strong mentoring network of women modellers will help mitigate gender imbalance in the field. Additionally, I will actively encourage female students to participate in the diagenesis training workshop and as field assistants. This project also benefits the scientific community by promoting ever tighter collaboration between data and modeling experts and integrating these approaches seamlessly from its inception, helping to bridge the 'data-model divide.'
Practical strategies to ensure the benefit:
1. Become a highly visible research leader and establish new international working groups to promote the multidisciplinary techniques I will employ.
2. Publish results, methodologies, and model code in high profile open access journals
3. Present work at 2 conferences per year (1 EU, 1 international), at the University of Bristol, and the departments of my external collaborators
4. Convene sessions at international meetings (min. 1 each at Goldschmidt and AGU)
5. Lead field trips for amateur rock hounds and students to local outcrops
6. Publish activity worksheets and field guides on my website
7. Design experiments for Festival of Nature and Discover and train as a STEM ambassador to bring these activities to classrooms
8. Issue press releases targeting newspapers, television and other popular media outlets, e.g. NERC Planet Earth publication, New Scientist
9. Organise a diagenesis workshop for postgraduates every 3 years
10. Involve students in my research (as field assistants plus teaching and research project supervision)
Public: The public will benefit from outreach events including Festival of Nature and Discover, expert-guided field excursions highlighting how this research deciphers the history behind some of the most popular British fossil hunting localities, and activity and quiz sheets to bring students in the field via the Geologist's Association Junior Arm "Rockwatch". All of the field guides and activity/quiz sheets I generate will be hosted on my website for general use as will information describing what some of the most prominent features at some of Britain's best-loved rocky seaside outcrops can tell us about the history of life and climate.
Postgraduate students: Postgraduates will benefit from a 3-day carbonate diagenesis workshop that I will conduct twice over the course of this fellowship in conjunction with Sandra Arndt and Fiona Whitaker. This workshop has been conceived as a short course that will be conducted every three years in perpetuity. All palaeoclimate students grapple with diagenesis in some form during their postgraduate work (either directly or indirectly), yet it is an oft-neglected topic. This hands-on workshop will introduce students to 1) chemical changes and proxy fidelity; 2) authigenic minerals as proxies; 3) reaction-transport modelling. It will also establish a network of early-career researchers with a core focus but varied backgrounds, fostering future collaborations within this community. I will also invite motivated postgraduates to serve as field assistants for my field work, giving them valuable field geology skills.
Industry: The hydrocarbon industry will benefit from a new palaeoenvironmental proxy and an improved, integrative understanding regarding the precipitation of diagenetic carbonates. This fellowship will shed light on the controls on organic matter preservation and hence on petroleum source rock formation. Improved understanding of cementation, a key control on mechanical strength, will contribute to more effective prediction in tight carbonate systems, which are important hosts for shale oil and gas.
Scientific community: The scientific community will benefit from a diversification of the community. Women are traditionally underrepresented in the modelling subfield of geosciences. This fellowship not only funds a woman for continued modelling-based research, but two of the collaborators on the project (SA, FW) are women modellers. A strong mentoring network of women modellers will help mitigate gender imbalance in the field. Additionally, I will actively encourage female students to participate in the diagenesis training workshop and as field assistants. This project also benefits the scientific community by promoting ever tighter collaboration between data and modeling experts and integrating these approaches seamlessly from its inception, helping to bridge the 'data-model divide.'
Practical strategies to ensure the benefit:
1. Become a highly visible research leader and establish new international working groups to promote the multidisciplinary techniques I will employ.
2. Publish results, methodologies, and model code in high profile open access journals
3. Present work at 2 conferences per year (1 EU, 1 international), at the University of Bristol, and the departments of my external collaborators
4. Convene sessions at international meetings (min. 1 each at Goldschmidt and AGU)
5. Lead field trips for amateur rock hounds and students to local outcrops
6. Publish activity worksheets and field guides on my website
7. Design experiments for Festival of Nature and Discover and train as a STEM ambassador to bring these activities to classrooms
8. Issue press releases targeting newspapers, television and other popular media outlets, e.g. NERC Planet Earth publication, New Scientist
9. Organise a diagenesis workshop for postgraduates every 3 years
10. Involve students in my research (as field assistants plus teaching and research project supervision)
Organisations
- University of Birmingham (Fellow, Lead Research Organisation)
- ETH Zurich (Collaboration)
- University of California, Riverside (Collaboration)
- Wesleyan University (Collaboration)
- University Libre Bruxelles (Université Libre de Bruxelles ULB) (Collaboration)
- NATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHY CENTRE (Collaboration)
- Khalifa University (Collaboration)
- University of Southern California (Collaboration)
- Stanford University (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM (Collaboration)
- University of Bremen (Collaboration)
- San Francisco State University (Collaboration)
- University of Bristol (Collaboration)
- University of St Andrews (Collaboration)
- Camborne School of Mines (Collaboration)
- European Institute for Marine Studies (IUEM) (Collaboration)
- Royal Holloway, University of London (Collaboration)
- Geological Survey of Northern Ireland (Collaboration)
- University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) (Collaboration)
- Trinity College Dublin (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF EXETER (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD (Collaboration)
- University of Oklahoma (Collaboration)
- Duke University (Collaboration)
- Yale University (Collaboration)
Publications
Adloff M
(2020)
Unravelling the sources of carbon emissions at the onset of Oceanic Anoxic Event (OAE) 1a
in Earth and Planetary Science Letters
Adloff M
(2021)
Inclusion of a suite of weathering tracers in the cGENIE Earth system model - muffin release v.0.9.23
in Geoscientific Model Development
Ashley K
(2021)
Exploring the use of compound-specific carbon isotopes as a palaeoproductivity proxy off the coast of Adélie Land, East Antarctica
in Biogeosciences
Dunkley Jones T
(2020)
OPTiMAL: a new machine learning approach for GDGT-based palaeothermometry
in Climate of the Past
Dunne E
(2020)
Climatic drivers of latitudinal variation in Late Triassic tetrapod diversity
in Palaeontology
Greene S
(2021)
Safety and Belonging in the Field: A Checklist for Educators
| Description | Calcium carbonate (limestone) is the most important 'sink' of carbon on long (geological) timescales. Calcium carbonate can be formed by marine life in the water column/on the seafloor. Chemical cycling in marine sediments may favor the dissolution or preservation of this carbonate or even form more carbonate. We have run models to try to understand how chemical reactions in marine sediments control the stability of calcium carbonate and the likelihood of new carbonate formation. Our main finding to date is that the factors considered most likely to lead to carbonate stability in marine sediments do not include lack of oxygen or copious microbial sulfate reduction, the prime culprits most previous research points to. |
| Exploitation Route | This affects our predictions of long-term (millennial scale) future atmospheric CO2. It also affects our understanding of how carbonate features visible in coastal outcrops all over Britain (e.g. the strata hosting fossils at Lyme Regis) have formed and what we can infer about past climate and environment on the basis of these features. Down the line, a fuller understanding of the complex interplay between different chemical reactions in marine sediments could inform potential geoengineering efforts to sequester anthropogenic CO2 by precipitating carbonate in marine rocks/sediments. |
| Sectors | Energy,Environment,Culture, Heritage, Museums and Collections |
| Description | There are potential implications for our work for the petroleum industry, in that early cementation is important for the development of porosity and permeability. We are still developing our understanding of the drivers of these processes and lack a complete fundamental mechanistic understanding, which would be required for industrial implementation. We have managed to move towards exclusion of some of the top-reported mechanisms prevalent in the literature. One further challenge for achieving impact here is that collaboration with petroleum companies to further their reservoir development is ethically problematic. Furthermore, it could undermine the perception of impartiality of myself and my research team as we present our climate/carbon cycle results to the general public. The results of this award have provided invaluable geologic context for current anthropogenic climate change. The public is understandably easily engaged by climate change and the carbon cycle and each year ever more so. I have helped curate a museum exhibition at the Lapworth Museum in Birmingham related to palaeoclimate and deep sea drilling science, which will have been attended by thousands of visitors. Lectures and school activities on these topics are in growing demand; I already have more invitations to come bring activities to local science festivals than I can possibly accept. In addition, I have been in contact with A level geography teachers about helping to develop teaching tools for their classrooms. |
| First Year Of Impact | 2017 |
| Sector | Education,Environment |
| Impact Types | Societal |
| Description | Inclusivity in fieldwork and field research |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Influenced training of practitioners or researchers |
| Impact | Field work and field-based teaching present a barrier to widening participation in fields like geosciences. As a first step to making fieldwork more inclusive, I wrote and published a primer on how to handle toilet stops in the field. Prior to the publication, many institutions did not have guidelines surrounding toilet stops on field trips, and the topic was rarely discussed. The document was designed to educate staff and students about toilet stops and menstruation in the field and to provide a set of recommendations for field work and field trips with the aim of minimising stress and anxiety for all parties. The recommendations were picked up by geoscience departments (and other field-based teaching subjects) both nationally and internationally, with many departments reporting they have now instituted these guidelines as standard best practice. Although hard to gauge the numerical impact of this work, the work was shared hundreds of times on social media (e.g. https://twitter.com/GilesPalaeoLab/status/1188797369258782721?s=20 and https://twitter.com/carbonatefan/status/1188781218810290176?s=20) and many department heads, staff members, and students have reached out and reported a major improvement in their field teaching experiences. |
| Description | Climate as a driver in the evolution and macroecology of dinosaurs and their kin |
| Amount | £227,921 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | RPG-2019-365 |
| Organisation | The Leverhulme Trust |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 04/2020 |
| End | 03/2023 |
| Description | Student research bursary - Testing the biogenicity of ancient stromatolites using magnetic susceptibility |
| Amount | £2,200 (GBP) |
| Organisation | Palaeontological Association |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 07/2019 |
| End | 09/2019 |
| Description | Cretaceous OAEs |
| Organisation | University of Bristol |
| Department | School of Chemistry |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | PhD student Markus Adloff diagnosed the source of carbon emissions associated with Cretaceous OAE1a using an Earth system model. Published Adloff et al., 2020. Weather tracers (trace metals and trace metal isotopes) added to cGENIE. Two further manuscripts in prep documenting and applying the model additions. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Fanny Monteiro, David Naafs and Dan Lunt (University of Bristol) have provided expertise to guide the experimental design and Steve Hesselbo (University of Exeter) has provided background expertise about the event. Andy Ridgwell has made model modifications to permit the work to be carried forward. |
| Impact | Adloff et al., 2020 Two further manuscripts in prep led by Adloff. |
| Start Year | 2016 |
| Description | Cretaceous OAEs |
| Organisation | University of California, Riverside |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | PhD student Markus Adloff diagnosed the source of carbon emissions associated with Cretaceous OAE1a using an Earth system model. Published Adloff et al., 2020. Weather tracers (trace metals and trace metal isotopes) added to cGENIE. Two further manuscripts in prep documenting and applying the model additions. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Fanny Monteiro, David Naafs and Dan Lunt (University of Bristol) have provided expertise to guide the experimental design and Steve Hesselbo (University of Exeter) has provided background expertise about the event. Andy Ridgwell has made model modifications to permit the work to be carried forward. |
| Impact | Adloff et al., 2020 Two further manuscripts in prep led by Adloff. |
| Start Year | 2016 |
| Description | Cretaceous OAEs |
| Organisation | University of Exeter |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | PhD student Markus Adloff diagnosed the source of carbon emissions associated with Cretaceous OAE1a using an Earth system model. Published Adloff et al., 2020. Weather tracers (trace metals and trace metal isotopes) added to cGENIE. Two further manuscripts in prep documenting and applying the model additions. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Fanny Monteiro, David Naafs and Dan Lunt (University of Bristol) have provided expertise to guide the experimental design and Steve Hesselbo (University of Exeter) has provided background expertise about the event. Andy Ridgwell has made model modifications to permit the work to be carried forward. |
| Impact | Adloff et al., 2020 Two further manuscripts in prep led by Adloff. |
| Start Year | 2016 |
| Description | Deep sea carbonate burial and paleoclimate |
| Organisation | Duke University |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Database creation for deep sea carbonate burial across timeslices covering broad swaths of the Cenozoic and latest Cretaceous. Earth system modelling and reaction-transport modelling ensembles investigating links between climate, CO2, and deep sea carbonate burial. These data are informing my own work, but have also generated new collaborations with colleagues who are reconstructing benthic and planktic palaeo-pH and palaeo-CO2 records including at St. Andrews (a co- supervised master's student) and Southampton/ETH. interesting in using the output to contextualize Analysis of the interplay between the biological pump, sedimentary carbon burial, and atmospheric CO2 on geological timescales using Earth system modelling. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Biostratigraphy expertise: Dani Schmidt, Bristol, Ellen Thomas, Yale/Wesleyan, Babette Hoogakker, Oxford, Sandra Kirtland Turner, UC Riverside, Heiko Paelike, University of Bremen (MARUM). Further earth-system and reaction transport modelling experiments: Sandra Kirtland Turner, UC Riverside, Andy Ridgwell, Bristol/UC Riverside, Sandra Arndt, Bristol, Jamie Wilson, Bristol Assistance with statistics: Lydia Greene, Duke Boron isotope measurements: James Rae, St. Andrews University, Eleni Anagnostou (NOCS/ETH), Gavin Foster (NOCS) Dissolution metrics: Kirsty Edgar, Birmingham University |
| Impact | This set of collaborations has resulted in one manuscript in review about the decoupling between climate and carbonate burial. Several further manuscripts are in prep (a review of carbonate compensation and a reappraisal of C-cycling across the end-Cretaceous mass extinction). Newer aspects of this collaboration currently under development include investigations into the interplay between the biological pump, sedimentary organic matter recycling, and carbonate burial (Arndt, Wilson) and long term Cenozoic palaeo-pH and pCO2 records (James Rae, St. Andrews, Sandy Kirtland Turner, UCR, Eleni Anagnostou, and Gavin Foster). Outputs include many conference presentations including at Goldschmidt, a Gordon Research Conference, AGUx2 (one invited talk), and a publication Greene et al., 2019. |
| Start Year | 2013 |
| Description | Deep sea carbonate burial and paleoclimate |
| Organisation | ETH Zurich |
| Country | Switzerland |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Database creation for deep sea carbonate burial across timeslices covering broad swaths of the Cenozoic and latest Cretaceous. Earth system modelling and reaction-transport modelling ensembles investigating links between climate, CO2, and deep sea carbonate burial. These data are informing my own work, but have also generated new collaborations with colleagues who are reconstructing benthic and planktic palaeo-pH and palaeo-CO2 records including at St. Andrews (a co- supervised master's student) and Southampton/ETH. interesting in using the output to contextualize Analysis of the interplay between the biological pump, sedimentary carbon burial, and atmospheric CO2 on geological timescales using Earth system modelling. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Biostratigraphy expertise: Dani Schmidt, Bristol, Ellen Thomas, Yale/Wesleyan, Babette Hoogakker, Oxford, Sandra Kirtland Turner, UC Riverside, Heiko Paelike, University of Bremen (MARUM). Further earth-system and reaction transport modelling experiments: Sandra Kirtland Turner, UC Riverside, Andy Ridgwell, Bristol/UC Riverside, Sandra Arndt, Bristol, Jamie Wilson, Bristol Assistance with statistics: Lydia Greene, Duke Boron isotope measurements: James Rae, St. Andrews University, Eleni Anagnostou (NOCS/ETH), Gavin Foster (NOCS) Dissolution metrics: Kirsty Edgar, Birmingham University |
| Impact | This set of collaborations has resulted in one manuscript in review about the decoupling between climate and carbonate burial. Several further manuscripts are in prep (a review of carbonate compensation and a reappraisal of C-cycling across the end-Cretaceous mass extinction). Newer aspects of this collaboration currently under development include investigations into the interplay between the biological pump, sedimentary organic matter recycling, and carbonate burial (Arndt, Wilson) and long term Cenozoic palaeo-pH and pCO2 records (James Rae, St. Andrews, Sandy Kirtland Turner, UCR, Eleni Anagnostou, and Gavin Foster). Outputs include many conference presentations including at Goldschmidt, a Gordon Research Conference, AGUx2 (one invited talk), and a publication Greene et al., 2019. |
| Start Year | 2013 |
| Description | Deep sea carbonate burial and paleoclimate |
| Organisation | National Oceanography Centre |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Database creation for deep sea carbonate burial across timeslices covering broad swaths of the Cenozoic and latest Cretaceous. Earth system modelling and reaction-transport modelling ensembles investigating links between climate, CO2, and deep sea carbonate burial. These data are informing my own work, but have also generated new collaborations with colleagues who are reconstructing benthic and planktic palaeo-pH and palaeo-CO2 records including at St. Andrews (a co- supervised master's student) and Southampton/ETH. interesting in using the output to contextualize Analysis of the interplay between the biological pump, sedimentary carbon burial, and atmospheric CO2 on geological timescales using Earth system modelling. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Biostratigraphy expertise: Dani Schmidt, Bristol, Ellen Thomas, Yale/Wesleyan, Babette Hoogakker, Oxford, Sandra Kirtland Turner, UC Riverside, Heiko Paelike, University of Bremen (MARUM). Further earth-system and reaction transport modelling experiments: Sandra Kirtland Turner, UC Riverside, Andy Ridgwell, Bristol/UC Riverside, Sandra Arndt, Bristol, Jamie Wilson, Bristol Assistance with statistics: Lydia Greene, Duke Boron isotope measurements: James Rae, St. Andrews University, Eleni Anagnostou (NOCS/ETH), Gavin Foster (NOCS) Dissolution metrics: Kirsty Edgar, Birmingham University |
| Impact | This set of collaborations has resulted in one manuscript in review about the decoupling between climate and carbonate burial. Several further manuscripts are in prep (a review of carbonate compensation and a reappraisal of C-cycling across the end-Cretaceous mass extinction). Newer aspects of this collaboration currently under development include investigations into the interplay between the biological pump, sedimentary organic matter recycling, and carbonate burial (Arndt, Wilson) and long term Cenozoic palaeo-pH and pCO2 records (James Rae, St. Andrews, Sandy Kirtland Turner, UCR, Eleni Anagnostou, and Gavin Foster). Outputs include many conference presentations including at Goldschmidt, a Gordon Research Conference, AGUx2 (one invited talk), and a publication Greene et al., 2019. |
| Start Year | 2013 |
| Description | Deep sea carbonate burial and paleoclimate |
| Organisation | University of Bremen |
| Country | Germany |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Database creation for deep sea carbonate burial across timeslices covering broad swaths of the Cenozoic and latest Cretaceous. Earth system modelling and reaction-transport modelling ensembles investigating links between climate, CO2, and deep sea carbonate burial. These data are informing my own work, but have also generated new collaborations with colleagues who are reconstructing benthic and planktic palaeo-pH and palaeo-CO2 records including at St. Andrews (a co- supervised master's student) and Southampton/ETH. interesting in using the output to contextualize Analysis of the interplay between the biological pump, sedimentary carbon burial, and atmospheric CO2 on geological timescales using Earth system modelling. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Biostratigraphy expertise: Dani Schmidt, Bristol, Ellen Thomas, Yale/Wesleyan, Babette Hoogakker, Oxford, Sandra Kirtland Turner, UC Riverside, Heiko Paelike, University of Bremen (MARUM). Further earth-system and reaction transport modelling experiments: Sandra Kirtland Turner, UC Riverside, Andy Ridgwell, Bristol/UC Riverside, Sandra Arndt, Bristol, Jamie Wilson, Bristol Assistance with statistics: Lydia Greene, Duke Boron isotope measurements: James Rae, St. Andrews University, Eleni Anagnostou (NOCS/ETH), Gavin Foster (NOCS) Dissolution metrics: Kirsty Edgar, Birmingham University |
| Impact | This set of collaborations has resulted in one manuscript in review about the decoupling between climate and carbonate burial. Several further manuscripts are in prep (a review of carbonate compensation and a reappraisal of C-cycling across the end-Cretaceous mass extinction). Newer aspects of this collaboration currently under development include investigations into the interplay between the biological pump, sedimentary organic matter recycling, and carbonate burial (Arndt, Wilson) and long term Cenozoic palaeo-pH and pCO2 records (James Rae, St. Andrews, Sandy Kirtland Turner, UCR, Eleni Anagnostou, and Gavin Foster). Outputs include many conference presentations including at Goldschmidt, a Gordon Research Conference, AGUx2 (one invited talk), and a publication Greene et al., 2019. |
| Start Year | 2013 |
| Description | Deep sea carbonate burial and paleoclimate |
| Organisation | University of Bristol |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Database creation for deep sea carbonate burial across timeslices covering broad swaths of the Cenozoic and latest Cretaceous. Earth system modelling and reaction-transport modelling ensembles investigating links between climate, CO2, and deep sea carbonate burial. These data are informing my own work, but have also generated new collaborations with colleagues who are reconstructing benthic and planktic palaeo-pH and palaeo-CO2 records including at St. Andrews (a co- supervised master's student) and Southampton/ETH. interesting in using the output to contextualize Analysis of the interplay between the biological pump, sedimentary carbon burial, and atmospheric CO2 on geological timescales using Earth system modelling. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Biostratigraphy expertise: Dani Schmidt, Bristol, Ellen Thomas, Yale/Wesleyan, Babette Hoogakker, Oxford, Sandra Kirtland Turner, UC Riverside, Heiko Paelike, University of Bremen (MARUM). Further earth-system and reaction transport modelling experiments: Sandra Kirtland Turner, UC Riverside, Andy Ridgwell, Bristol/UC Riverside, Sandra Arndt, Bristol, Jamie Wilson, Bristol Assistance with statistics: Lydia Greene, Duke Boron isotope measurements: James Rae, St. Andrews University, Eleni Anagnostou (NOCS/ETH), Gavin Foster (NOCS) Dissolution metrics: Kirsty Edgar, Birmingham University |
| Impact | This set of collaborations has resulted in one manuscript in review about the decoupling between climate and carbonate burial. Several further manuscripts are in prep (a review of carbonate compensation and a reappraisal of C-cycling across the end-Cretaceous mass extinction). Newer aspects of this collaboration currently under development include investigations into the interplay between the biological pump, sedimentary organic matter recycling, and carbonate burial (Arndt, Wilson) and long term Cenozoic palaeo-pH and pCO2 records (James Rae, St. Andrews, Sandy Kirtland Turner, UCR, Eleni Anagnostou, and Gavin Foster). Outputs include many conference presentations including at Goldschmidt, a Gordon Research Conference, AGUx2 (one invited talk), and a publication Greene et al., 2019. |
| Start Year | 2013 |
| Description | Deep sea carbonate burial and paleoclimate |
| Organisation | University of California, Riverside |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Database creation for deep sea carbonate burial across timeslices covering broad swaths of the Cenozoic and latest Cretaceous. Earth system modelling and reaction-transport modelling ensembles investigating links between climate, CO2, and deep sea carbonate burial. These data are informing my own work, but have also generated new collaborations with colleagues who are reconstructing benthic and planktic palaeo-pH and palaeo-CO2 records including at St. Andrews (a co- supervised master's student) and Southampton/ETH. interesting in using the output to contextualize Analysis of the interplay between the biological pump, sedimentary carbon burial, and atmospheric CO2 on geological timescales using Earth system modelling. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Biostratigraphy expertise: Dani Schmidt, Bristol, Ellen Thomas, Yale/Wesleyan, Babette Hoogakker, Oxford, Sandra Kirtland Turner, UC Riverside, Heiko Paelike, University of Bremen (MARUM). Further earth-system and reaction transport modelling experiments: Sandra Kirtland Turner, UC Riverside, Andy Ridgwell, Bristol/UC Riverside, Sandra Arndt, Bristol, Jamie Wilson, Bristol Assistance with statistics: Lydia Greene, Duke Boron isotope measurements: James Rae, St. Andrews University, Eleni Anagnostou (NOCS/ETH), Gavin Foster (NOCS) Dissolution metrics: Kirsty Edgar, Birmingham University |
| Impact | This set of collaborations has resulted in one manuscript in review about the decoupling between climate and carbonate burial. Several further manuscripts are in prep (a review of carbonate compensation and a reappraisal of C-cycling across the end-Cretaceous mass extinction). Newer aspects of this collaboration currently under development include investigations into the interplay between the biological pump, sedimentary organic matter recycling, and carbonate burial (Arndt, Wilson) and long term Cenozoic palaeo-pH and pCO2 records (James Rae, St. Andrews, Sandy Kirtland Turner, UCR, Eleni Anagnostou, and Gavin Foster). Outputs include many conference presentations including at Goldschmidt, a Gordon Research Conference, AGUx2 (one invited talk), and a publication Greene et al., 2019. |
| Start Year | 2013 |
| Description | Deep sea carbonate burial and paleoclimate |
| Organisation | University of Oxford |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Database creation for deep sea carbonate burial across timeslices covering broad swaths of the Cenozoic and latest Cretaceous. Earth system modelling and reaction-transport modelling ensembles investigating links between climate, CO2, and deep sea carbonate burial. These data are informing my own work, but have also generated new collaborations with colleagues who are reconstructing benthic and planktic palaeo-pH and palaeo-CO2 records including at St. Andrews (a co- supervised master's student) and Southampton/ETH. interesting in using the output to contextualize Analysis of the interplay between the biological pump, sedimentary carbon burial, and atmospheric CO2 on geological timescales using Earth system modelling. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Biostratigraphy expertise: Dani Schmidt, Bristol, Ellen Thomas, Yale/Wesleyan, Babette Hoogakker, Oxford, Sandra Kirtland Turner, UC Riverside, Heiko Paelike, University of Bremen (MARUM). Further earth-system and reaction transport modelling experiments: Sandra Kirtland Turner, UC Riverside, Andy Ridgwell, Bristol/UC Riverside, Sandra Arndt, Bristol, Jamie Wilson, Bristol Assistance with statistics: Lydia Greene, Duke Boron isotope measurements: James Rae, St. Andrews University, Eleni Anagnostou (NOCS/ETH), Gavin Foster (NOCS) Dissolution metrics: Kirsty Edgar, Birmingham University |
| Impact | This set of collaborations has resulted in one manuscript in review about the decoupling between climate and carbonate burial. Several further manuscripts are in prep (a review of carbonate compensation and a reappraisal of C-cycling across the end-Cretaceous mass extinction). Newer aspects of this collaboration currently under development include investigations into the interplay between the biological pump, sedimentary organic matter recycling, and carbonate burial (Arndt, Wilson) and long term Cenozoic palaeo-pH and pCO2 records (James Rae, St. Andrews, Sandy Kirtland Turner, UCR, Eleni Anagnostou, and Gavin Foster). Outputs include many conference presentations including at Goldschmidt, a Gordon Research Conference, AGUx2 (one invited talk), and a publication Greene et al., 2019. |
| Start Year | 2013 |
| Description | Deep sea carbonate burial and paleoclimate |
| Organisation | University of St Andrews |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Database creation for deep sea carbonate burial across timeslices covering broad swaths of the Cenozoic and latest Cretaceous. Earth system modelling and reaction-transport modelling ensembles investigating links between climate, CO2, and deep sea carbonate burial. These data are informing my own work, but have also generated new collaborations with colleagues who are reconstructing benthic and planktic palaeo-pH and palaeo-CO2 records including at St. Andrews (a co- supervised master's student) and Southampton/ETH. interesting in using the output to contextualize Analysis of the interplay between the biological pump, sedimentary carbon burial, and atmospheric CO2 on geological timescales using Earth system modelling. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Biostratigraphy expertise: Dani Schmidt, Bristol, Ellen Thomas, Yale/Wesleyan, Babette Hoogakker, Oxford, Sandra Kirtland Turner, UC Riverside, Heiko Paelike, University of Bremen (MARUM). Further earth-system and reaction transport modelling experiments: Sandra Kirtland Turner, UC Riverside, Andy Ridgwell, Bristol/UC Riverside, Sandra Arndt, Bristol, Jamie Wilson, Bristol Assistance with statistics: Lydia Greene, Duke Boron isotope measurements: James Rae, St. Andrews University, Eleni Anagnostou (NOCS/ETH), Gavin Foster (NOCS) Dissolution metrics: Kirsty Edgar, Birmingham University |
| Impact | This set of collaborations has resulted in one manuscript in review about the decoupling between climate and carbonate burial. Several further manuscripts are in prep (a review of carbonate compensation and a reappraisal of C-cycling across the end-Cretaceous mass extinction). Newer aspects of this collaboration currently under development include investigations into the interplay between the biological pump, sedimentary organic matter recycling, and carbonate burial (Arndt, Wilson) and long term Cenozoic palaeo-pH and pCO2 records (James Rae, St. Andrews, Sandy Kirtland Turner, UCR, Eleni Anagnostou, and Gavin Foster). Outputs include many conference presentations including at Goldschmidt, a Gordon Research Conference, AGUx2 (one invited talk), and a publication Greene et al., 2019. |
| Start Year | 2013 |
| Description | Deep sea carbonate burial and paleoclimate |
| Organisation | Wesleyan University |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Database creation for deep sea carbonate burial across timeslices covering broad swaths of the Cenozoic and latest Cretaceous. Earth system modelling and reaction-transport modelling ensembles investigating links between climate, CO2, and deep sea carbonate burial. These data are informing my own work, but have also generated new collaborations with colleagues who are reconstructing benthic and planktic palaeo-pH and palaeo-CO2 records including at St. Andrews (a co- supervised master's student) and Southampton/ETH. interesting in using the output to contextualize Analysis of the interplay between the biological pump, sedimentary carbon burial, and atmospheric CO2 on geological timescales using Earth system modelling. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Biostratigraphy expertise: Dani Schmidt, Bristol, Ellen Thomas, Yale/Wesleyan, Babette Hoogakker, Oxford, Sandra Kirtland Turner, UC Riverside, Heiko Paelike, University of Bremen (MARUM). Further earth-system and reaction transport modelling experiments: Sandra Kirtland Turner, UC Riverside, Andy Ridgwell, Bristol/UC Riverside, Sandra Arndt, Bristol, Jamie Wilson, Bristol Assistance with statistics: Lydia Greene, Duke Boron isotope measurements: James Rae, St. Andrews University, Eleni Anagnostou (NOCS/ETH), Gavin Foster (NOCS) Dissolution metrics: Kirsty Edgar, Birmingham University |
| Impact | This set of collaborations has resulted in one manuscript in review about the decoupling between climate and carbonate burial. Several further manuscripts are in prep (a review of carbonate compensation and a reappraisal of C-cycling across the end-Cretaceous mass extinction). Newer aspects of this collaboration currently under development include investigations into the interplay between the biological pump, sedimentary organic matter recycling, and carbonate burial (Arndt, Wilson) and long term Cenozoic palaeo-pH and pCO2 records (James Rae, St. Andrews, Sandy Kirtland Turner, UCR, Eleni Anagnostou, and Gavin Foster). Outputs include many conference presentations including at Goldschmidt, a Gordon Research Conference, AGUx2 (one invited talk), and a publication Greene et al., 2019. |
| Start Year | 2013 |
| Description | Deep sea carbonate burial and paleoclimate |
| Organisation | Yale University |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Database creation for deep sea carbonate burial across timeslices covering broad swaths of the Cenozoic and latest Cretaceous. Earth system modelling and reaction-transport modelling ensembles investigating links between climate, CO2, and deep sea carbonate burial. These data are informing my own work, but have also generated new collaborations with colleagues who are reconstructing benthic and planktic palaeo-pH and palaeo-CO2 records including at St. Andrews (a co- supervised master's student) and Southampton/ETH. interesting in using the output to contextualize Analysis of the interplay between the biological pump, sedimentary carbon burial, and atmospheric CO2 on geological timescales using Earth system modelling. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Biostratigraphy expertise: Dani Schmidt, Bristol, Ellen Thomas, Yale/Wesleyan, Babette Hoogakker, Oxford, Sandra Kirtland Turner, UC Riverside, Heiko Paelike, University of Bremen (MARUM). Further earth-system and reaction transport modelling experiments: Sandra Kirtland Turner, UC Riverside, Andy Ridgwell, Bristol/UC Riverside, Sandra Arndt, Bristol, Jamie Wilson, Bristol Assistance with statistics: Lydia Greene, Duke Boron isotope measurements: James Rae, St. Andrews University, Eleni Anagnostou (NOCS/ETH), Gavin Foster (NOCS) Dissolution metrics: Kirsty Edgar, Birmingham University |
| Impact | This set of collaborations has resulted in one manuscript in review about the decoupling between climate and carbonate burial. Several further manuscripts are in prep (a review of carbonate compensation and a reappraisal of C-cycling across the end-Cretaceous mass extinction). Newer aspects of this collaboration currently under development include investigations into the interplay between the biological pump, sedimentary organic matter recycling, and carbonate burial (Arndt, Wilson) and long term Cenozoic palaeo-pH and pCO2 records (James Rae, St. Andrews, Sandy Kirtland Turner, UCR, Eleni Anagnostou, and Gavin Foster). Outputs include many conference presentations including at Goldschmidt, a Gordon Research Conference, AGUx2 (one invited talk), and a publication Greene et al., 2019. |
| Start Year | 2013 |
| Description | Fieldwork - modern carbonate cementation |
| Organisation | Khalifa University |
| Country | United Arab Emirates |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Along with PhD student Hazel Vallack, Fiona Whitaker (Bristol - Earth Sciences), and Stephen Lokier (Khalifa University), I undertook fieldwork (two field seasons) to coastal Abu Dhabi to study in situ carbonate hardground formation. We took in situ cores across actively forming hardgrounds, extracted porewaters, measured carbonate chemistry parameters in situ. In the laboratory we have done extensive work measuring water chemistry and modelling the water chemistry using PHREEQC. We've also made thin sections of some hard grounds and examined them using an SEM. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Stephen Lokier (Khalifa University) accompanied us in the field and ran grain size analyses, taking SEM images, and making thin sections of carbonate hardgrounds. Victoria Petryshyn (USC), Bradley Stevenson (Oklahoma), and Heather Nunn (Oklahoma) ran 16S and 18S rRNA to establish the microbial metabolisms controlling in situ carbonate chemistry. Jens Holtvoeth/Master's student Fynn Bishop-Guest (Bristol, School of Chemistry), characterized the organic matter in our sediment cores. |
| Impact | Results presented at regional and international conferences 2017: British Sedimentological Research Group; The Palaeoclimate Society (PACS) Conference 2018: British Sedimentological Research Group (Palaeoclimate Society Conference - 2017), 2019: The Geological Society Lyell meeting on 'Carbon: Geochemical and paleobiological perspectives'; Bathurst Meeting of Carbonate Sedimentologists 2020: Gordon Research Conference: Geobiology And in the Master's thesis of Fynn Bishop-Guest. This collaboration is highly multidisciplinary - spanning traditional geology/sedimentology, inorganic geochemistry, organic geochemistry, and microbiology. |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Fieldwork - modern carbonate cementation |
| Organisation | University of Bristol |
| Department | School of Chemistry |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Along with PhD student Hazel Vallack, Fiona Whitaker (Bristol - Earth Sciences), and Stephen Lokier (Khalifa University), I undertook fieldwork (two field seasons) to coastal Abu Dhabi to study in situ carbonate hardground formation. We took in situ cores across actively forming hardgrounds, extracted porewaters, measured carbonate chemistry parameters in situ. In the laboratory we have done extensive work measuring water chemistry and modelling the water chemistry using PHREEQC. We've also made thin sections of some hard grounds and examined them using an SEM. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Stephen Lokier (Khalifa University) accompanied us in the field and ran grain size analyses, taking SEM images, and making thin sections of carbonate hardgrounds. Victoria Petryshyn (USC), Bradley Stevenson (Oklahoma), and Heather Nunn (Oklahoma) ran 16S and 18S rRNA to establish the microbial metabolisms controlling in situ carbonate chemistry. Jens Holtvoeth/Master's student Fynn Bishop-Guest (Bristol, School of Chemistry), characterized the organic matter in our sediment cores. |
| Impact | Results presented at regional and international conferences 2017: British Sedimentological Research Group; The Palaeoclimate Society (PACS) Conference 2018: British Sedimentological Research Group (Palaeoclimate Society Conference - 2017), 2019: The Geological Society Lyell meeting on 'Carbon: Geochemical and paleobiological perspectives'; Bathurst Meeting of Carbonate Sedimentologists 2020: Gordon Research Conference: Geobiology And in the Master's thesis of Fynn Bishop-Guest. This collaboration is highly multidisciplinary - spanning traditional geology/sedimentology, inorganic geochemistry, organic geochemistry, and microbiology. |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Fieldwork - modern carbonate cementation |
| Organisation | University of Bristol |
| Department | School of Earth Sciences |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Along with PhD student Hazel Vallack, Fiona Whitaker (Bristol - Earth Sciences), and Stephen Lokier (Khalifa University), I undertook fieldwork (two field seasons) to coastal Abu Dhabi to study in situ carbonate hardground formation. We took in situ cores across actively forming hardgrounds, extracted porewaters, measured carbonate chemistry parameters in situ. In the laboratory we have done extensive work measuring water chemistry and modelling the water chemistry using PHREEQC. We've also made thin sections of some hard grounds and examined them using an SEM. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Stephen Lokier (Khalifa University) accompanied us in the field and ran grain size analyses, taking SEM images, and making thin sections of carbonate hardgrounds. Victoria Petryshyn (USC), Bradley Stevenson (Oklahoma), and Heather Nunn (Oklahoma) ran 16S and 18S rRNA to establish the microbial metabolisms controlling in situ carbonate chemistry. Jens Holtvoeth/Master's student Fynn Bishop-Guest (Bristol, School of Chemistry), characterized the organic matter in our sediment cores. |
| Impact | Results presented at regional and international conferences 2017: British Sedimentological Research Group; The Palaeoclimate Society (PACS) Conference 2018: British Sedimentological Research Group (Palaeoclimate Society Conference - 2017), 2019: The Geological Society Lyell meeting on 'Carbon: Geochemical and paleobiological perspectives'; Bathurst Meeting of Carbonate Sedimentologists 2020: Gordon Research Conference: Geobiology And in the Master's thesis of Fynn Bishop-Guest. This collaboration is highly multidisciplinary - spanning traditional geology/sedimentology, inorganic geochemistry, organic geochemistry, and microbiology. |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Fieldwork - modern carbonate cementation |
| Organisation | University of Bristol |
| Department | School of Geographical Sciences |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Along with PhD student Hazel Vallack, Fiona Whitaker (Bristol - Earth Sciences), and Stephen Lokier (Khalifa University), I undertook fieldwork (two field seasons) to coastal Abu Dhabi to study in situ carbonate hardground formation. We took in situ cores across actively forming hardgrounds, extracted porewaters, measured carbonate chemistry parameters in situ. In the laboratory we have done extensive work measuring water chemistry and modelling the water chemistry using PHREEQC. We've also made thin sections of some hard grounds and examined them using an SEM. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Stephen Lokier (Khalifa University) accompanied us in the field and ran grain size analyses, taking SEM images, and making thin sections of carbonate hardgrounds. Victoria Petryshyn (USC), Bradley Stevenson (Oklahoma), and Heather Nunn (Oklahoma) ran 16S and 18S rRNA to establish the microbial metabolisms controlling in situ carbonate chemistry. Jens Holtvoeth/Master's student Fynn Bishop-Guest (Bristol, School of Chemistry), characterized the organic matter in our sediment cores. |
| Impact | Results presented at regional and international conferences 2017: British Sedimentological Research Group; The Palaeoclimate Society (PACS) Conference 2018: British Sedimentological Research Group (Palaeoclimate Society Conference - 2017), 2019: The Geological Society Lyell meeting on 'Carbon: Geochemical and paleobiological perspectives'; Bathurst Meeting of Carbonate Sedimentologists 2020: Gordon Research Conference: Geobiology And in the Master's thesis of Fynn Bishop-Guest. This collaboration is highly multidisciplinary - spanning traditional geology/sedimentology, inorganic geochemistry, organic geochemistry, and microbiology. |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Fieldwork - modern carbonate cementation |
| Organisation | University of Oklahoma |
| Department | Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Along with PhD student Hazel Vallack, Fiona Whitaker (Bristol - Earth Sciences), and Stephen Lokier (Khalifa University), I undertook fieldwork (two field seasons) to coastal Abu Dhabi to study in situ carbonate hardground formation. We took in situ cores across actively forming hardgrounds, extracted porewaters, measured carbonate chemistry parameters in situ. In the laboratory we have done extensive work measuring water chemistry and modelling the water chemistry using PHREEQC. We've also made thin sections of some hard grounds and examined them using an SEM. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Stephen Lokier (Khalifa University) accompanied us in the field and ran grain size analyses, taking SEM images, and making thin sections of carbonate hardgrounds. Victoria Petryshyn (USC), Bradley Stevenson (Oklahoma), and Heather Nunn (Oklahoma) ran 16S and 18S rRNA to establish the microbial metabolisms controlling in situ carbonate chemistry. Jens Holtvoeth/Master's student Fynn Bishop-Guest (Bristol, School of Chemistry), characterized the organic matter in our sediment cores. |
| Impact | Results presented at regional and international conferences 2017: British Sedimentological Research Group; The Palaeoclimate Society (PACS) Conference 2018: British Sedimentological Research Group (Palaeoclimate Society Conference - 2017), 2019: The Geological Society Lyell meeting on 'Carbon: Geochemical and paleobiological perspectives'; Bathurst Meeting of Carbonate Sedimentologists 2020: Gordon Research Conference: Geobiology And in the Master's thesis of Fynn Bishop-Guest. This collaboration is highly multidisciplinary - spanning traditional geology/sedimentology, inorganic geochemistry, organic geochemistry, and microbiology. |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Fieldwork - modern carbonate cementation |
| Organisation | University of Southern California |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Along with PhD student Hazel Vallack, Fiona Whitaker (Bristol - Earth Sciences), and Stephen Lokier (Khalifa University), I undertook fieldwork (two field seasons) to coastal Abu Dhabi to study in situ carbonate hardground formation. We took in situ cores across actively forming hardgrounds, extracted porewaters, measured carbonate chemistry parameters in situ. In the laboratory we have done extensive work measuring water chemistry and modelling the water chemistry using PHREEQC. We've also made thin sections of some hard grounds and examined them using an SEM. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Stephen Lokier (Khalifa University) accompanied us in the field and ran grain size analyses, taking SEM images, and making thin sections of carbonate hardgrounds. Victoria Petryshyn (USC), Bradley Stevenson (Oklahoma), and Heather Nunn (Oklahoma) ran 16S and 18S rRNA to establish the microbial metabolisms controlling in situ carbonate chemistry. Jens Holtvoeth/Master's student Fynn Bishop-Guest (Bristol, School of Chemistry), characterized the organic matter in our sediment cores. |
| Impact | Results presented at regional and international conferences 2017: British Sedimentological Research Group; The Palaeoclimate Society (PACS) Conference 2018: British Sedimentological Research Group (Palaeoclimate Society Conference - 2017), 2019: The Geological Society Lyell meeting on 'Carbon: Geochemical and paleobiological perspectives'; Bathurst Meeting of Carbonate Sedimentologists 2020: Gordon Research Conference: Geobiology And in the Master's thesis of Fynn Bishop-Guest. This collaboration is highly multidisciplinary - spanning traditional geology/sedimentology, inorganic geochemistry, organic geochemistry, and microbiology. |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Large igneous provinces and carbon cycle feedbacks |
| Organisation | Royal Holloway, University of London |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | One PhD student modelling carbon cycle feedbacks across the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum using the cGENIE model. Manuscript in prep. Second PhD student added weathering tracers to cGENIE to track carbon cycling across LIP emplacement events. Manuscript in revision. |
| Collaborator Contribution | New model for carbon degassing from large igneous provinces developed by Steve Jones. New code added to cGENIE by Andy Ridgwell (UCR) to permit these new experiments. New trace metal cycles in collaboration with RHUL, Bristol. |
| Impact | Multidisciplinary publication - solid earth geophysics and palaeoclimate. Jones et al., 2019 Nature Communications Publication - Adloff et al., 2020 Geoscientific Model Development Discussions |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | Large igneous provinces and carbon cycle feedbacks |
| Organisation | University of Birmingham |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | One PhD student modelling carbon cycle feedbacks across the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum using the cGENIE model. Manuscript in prep. Second PhD student added weathering tracers to cGENIE to track carbon cycling across LIP emplacement events. Manuscript in revision. |
| Collaborator Contribution | New model for carbon degassing from large igneous provinces developed by Steve Jones. New code added to cGENIE by Andy Ridgwell (UCR) to permit these new experiments. New trace metal cycles in collaboration with RHUL, Bristol. |
| Impact | Multidisciplinary publication - solid earth geophysics and palaeoclimate. Jones et al., 2019 Nature Communications Publication - Adloff et al., 2020 Geoscientific Model Development Discussions |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | Large igneous provinces and carbon cycle feedbacks |
| Organisation | University of Bristol |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | One PhD student modelling carbon cycle feedbacks across the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum using the cGENIE model. Manuscript in prep. Second PhD student added weathering tracers to cGENIE to track carbon cycling across LIP emplacement events. Manuscript in revision. |
| Collaborator Contribution | New model for carbon degassing from large igneous provinces developed by Steve Jones. New code added to cGENIE by Andy Ridgwell (UCR) to permit these new experiments. New trace metal cycles in collaboration with RHUL, Bristol. |
| Impact | Multidisciplinary publication - solid earth geophysics and palaeoclimate. Jones et al., 2019 Nature Communications Publication - Adloff et al., 2020 Geoscientific Model Development Discussions |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | Large igneous provinces and carbon cycle feedbacks |
| Organisation | University of California, Riverside |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | One PhD student modelling carbon cycle feedbacks across the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum using the cGENIE model. Manuscript in prep. Second PhD student added weathering tracers to cGENIE to track carbon cycling across LIP emplacement events. Manuscript in revision. |
| Collaborator Contribution | New model for carbon degassing from large igneous provinces developed by Steve Jones. New code added to cGENIE by Andy Ridgwell (UCR) to permit these new experiments. New trace metal cycles in collaboration with RHUL, Bristol. |
| Impact | Multidisciplinary publication - solid earth geophysics and palaeoclimate. Jones et al., 2019 Nature Communications Publication - Adloff et al., 2020 Geoscientific Model Development Discussions |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | Paleoocean acidification/palaeo-pH reconstruction |
| Organisation | Geological Survey of Northern Ireland |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Public |
| PI Contribution | I have co-supervised 1 PhD student and 3 related undergraduate/masters students from St. Andrews on their thesis projects. I took these students into the field in successive summers and to the Geological Survey of Northern Ireland. We logged a Triassic-Jurassic section and collected samples of earliest Jurassic oysters to produce the first paleo-pH reconstruction from the end-Triassic extinction interval. I have analyzed Earth system model experiments to interpret these records. Separately, my PhD student and I have contributed towards earth system model experimental design and model output interpretation for a study investigating the effects of CO2 emissions rate on the inferred severity and carbon source for paleoocean acidification events. Published as Vervoort et al., 2019. |
| Collaborator Contribution | James Rae, St. Andrews, is co-supervised the three undergraduate/master's students and together they have produced the boron isotope reconstructions for the end-Triassic event. We have presented this work at the Lyell meeting at the Geological Society of London, at Goldschmidt, and at EGU. Sandra Kirtland Turner, UC Riverside, performed earth system modelling on the relationship between emissions rate and acidification intensity. Kirsty Edgar, University of Birmingham, has calculated foram accumulation rates to inform the interpretation of the Earth System modelling output. Rob Raine has done sedimentary logging of a new time-equivalent core from the GSNI core store and Micha Ruhl (Trinity) has contributed bulk and trace element analyses. |
| Impact | Two studies published (Henehan et al., 2019; Vervoort et al., 2019). Two manuscripts in prep (one led by me, one led by St Andrews-based PhD student). |
| Start Year | 2015 |
| Description | Paleoocean acidification/palaeo-pH reconstruction |
| Organisation | Trinity College Dublin |
| Country | Ireland |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | I have co-supervised 1 PhD student and 3 related undergraduate/masters students from St. Andrews on their thesis projects. I took these students into the field in successive summers and to the Geological Survey of Northern Ireland. We logged a Triassic-Jurassic section and collected samples of earliest Jurassic oysters to produce the first paleo-pH reconstruction from the end-Triassic extinction interval. I have analyzed Earth system model experiments to interpret these records. Separately, my PhD student and I have contributed towards earth system model experimental design and model output interpretation for a study investigating the effects of CO2 emissions rate on the inferred severity and carbon source for paleoocean acidification events. Published as Vervoort et al., 2019. |
| Collaborator Contribution | James Rae, St. Andrews, is co-supervised the three undergraduate/master's students and together they have produced the boron isotope reconstructions for the end-Triassic event. We have presented this work at the Lyell meeting at the Geological Society of London, at Goldschmidt, and at EGU. Sandra Kirtland Turner, UC Riverside, performed earth system modelling on the relationship between emissions rate and acidification intensity. Kirsty Edgar, University of Birmingham, has calculated foram accumulation rates to inform the interpretation of the Earth System modelling output. Rob Raine has done sedimentary logging of a new time-equivalent core from the GSNI core store and Micha Ruhl (Trinity) has contributed bulk and trace element analyses. |
| Impact | Two studies published (Henehan et al., 2019; Vervoort et al., 2019). Two manuscripts in prep (one led by me, one led by St Andrews-based PhD student). |
| Start Year | 2015 |
| Description | Paleoocean acidification/palaeo-pH reconstruction |
| Organisation | University of Birmingham |
| Department | School of Biosciences |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | I have co-supervised 1 PhD student and 3 related undergraduate/masters students from St. Andrews on their thesis projects. I took these students into the field in successive summers and to the Geological Survey of Northern Ireland. We logged a Triassic-Jurassic section and collected samples of earliest Jurassic oysters to produce the first paleo-pH reconstruction from the end-Triassic extinction interval. I have analyzed Earth system model experiments to interpret these records. Separately, my PhD student and I have contributed towards earth system model experimental design and model output interpretation for a study investigating the effects of CO2 emissions rate on the inferred severity and carbon source for paleoocean acidification events. Published as Vervoort et al., 2019. |
| Collaborator Contribution | James Rae, St. Andrews, is co-supervised the three undergraduate/master's students and together they have produced the boron isotope reconstructions for the end-Triassic event. We have presented this work at the Lyell meeting at the Geological Society of London, at Goldschmidt, and at EGU. Sandra Kirtland Turner, UC Riverside, performed earth system modelling on the relationship between emissions rate and acidification intensity. Kirsty Edgar, University of Birmingham, has calculated foram accumulation rates to inform the interpretation of the Earth System modelling output. Rob Raine has done sedimentary logging of a new time-equivalent core from the GSNI core store and Micha Ruhl (Trinity) has contributed bulk and trace element analyses. |
| Impact | Two studies published (Henehan et al., 2019; Vervoort et al., 2019). Two manuscripts in prep (one led by me, one led by St Andrews-based PhD student). |
| Start Year | 2015 |
| Description | Paleoocean acidification/palaeo-pH reconstruction |
| Organisation | University of California, Riverside |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | I have co-supervised 1 PhD student and 3 related undergraduate/masters students from St. Andrews on their thesis projects. I took these students into the field in successive summers and to the Geological Survey of Northern Ireland. We logged a Triassic-Jurassic section and collected samples of earliest Jurassic oysters to produce the first paleo-pH reconstruction from the end-Triassic extinction interval. I have analyzed Earth system model experiments to interpret these records. Separately, my PhD student and I have contributed towards earth system model experimental design and model output interpretation for a study investigating the effects of CO2 emissions rate on the inferred severity and carbon source for paleoocean acidification events. Published as Vervoort et al., 2019. |
| Collaborator Contribution | James Rae, St. Andrews, is co-supervised the three undergraduate/master's students and together they have produced the boron isotope reconstructions for the end-Triassic event. We have presented this work at the Lyell meeting at the Geological Society of London, at Goldschmidt, and at EGU. Sandra Kirtland Turner, UC Riverside, performed earth system modelling on the relationship between emissions rate and acidification intensity. Kirsty Edgar, University of Birmingham, has calculated foram accumulation rates to inform the interpretation of the Earth System modelling output. Rob Raine has done sedimentary logging of a new time-equivalent core from the GSNI core store and Micha Ruhl (Trinity) has contributed bulk and trace element analyses. |
| Impact | Two studies published (Henehan et al., 2019; Vervoort et al., 2019). Two manuscripts in prep (one led by me, one led by St Andrews-based PhD student). |
| Start Year | 2015 |
| Description | Paleoocean acidification/palaeo-pH reconstruction |
| Organisation | University of St Andrews |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | I have co-supervised 1 PhD student and 3 related undergraduate/masters students from St. Andrews on their thesis projects. I took these students into the field in successive summers and to the Geological Survey of Northern Ireland. We logged a Triassic-Jurassic section and collected samples of earliest Jurassic oysters to produce the first paleo-pH reconstruction from the end-Triassic extinction interval. I have analyzed Earth system model experiments to interpret these records. Separately, my PhD student and I have contributed towards earth system model experimental design and model output interpretation for a study investigating the effects of CO2 emissions rate on the inferred severity and carbon source for paleoocean acidification events. Published as Vervoort et al., 2019. |
| Collaborator Contribution | James Rae, St. Andrews, is co-supervised the three undergraduate/master's students and together they have produced the boron isotope reconstructions for the end-Triassic event. We have presented this work at the Lyell meeting at the Geological Society of London, at Goldschmidt, and at EGU. Sandra Kirtland Turner, UC Riverside, performed earth system modelling on the relationship between emissions rate and acidification intensity. Kirsty Edgar, University of Birmingham, has calculated foram accumulation rates to inform the interpretation of the Earth System modelling output. Rob Raine has done sedimentary logging of a new time-equivalent core from the GSNI core store and Micha Ruhl (Trinity) has contributed bulk and trace element analyses. |
| Impact | Two studies published (Henehan et al., 2019; Vervoort et al., 2019). Two manuscripts in prep (one led by me, one led by St Andrews-based PhD student). |
| Start Year | 2015 |
| Description | Sediment modelling carbonate saturation state |
| Organisation | Camborne School of Mines |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Designing and running sediment model experiments to determine how bottom water conditions on shelves, which are known to have varied over geological time (e.g. saturation state and other solute concentrations) affect porewater carbonate saturation state development. Re-evaluation of sulfate reduction and bottom-water anoxia, arguably the most popular inferred mechanisms of authigenic carbonate development in the geological literature, as feasible promoters of carbonate supersaturation. Designing, running, and analyzing sediment model experiments to determine where porewater supersaturation is most favored. PhD student Hazel Vallack (University of Bristol, co-supervised with Sandra Arndt (University Libre Bruxelles), Fiona Whitaker (University of Bristol), and Steve Hesselbo (Camborne School of Mines)) now running sediment models to assess the effects of organic matter quality (both age and heterogeneity) on porewater saturation state development. With Hazel, we have compiled geological literature about authigenic carbonate production through geologic time and the metabolic pathways to which carbonate precipitation was ascribed. Commenced addition of C isotopes to model code. Development of plotting scripts to visualize, analyze, and communicate the model results. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Sandra Arndt and PhD student Philip Pika (University of Bristol) have also run sediment model experiments relating organic matter quality and organic carbon degradation rates. |
| Impact | Several conference presentations and 2 summers teaching to the International Geobiology Summer Course on the early modelling results have resulted so far. In the second year lecturing on the International Geobiology Course, I debuted a new hands on modelling course to the students in which they learned how to conceive and execute model-testable hypotheses related to the development of authigenic carbonate. One paper is in prep. currently and a further paper adding isotope tracers to the model is underway. |
| Start Year | 2014 |
| Description | Sediment modelling carbonate saturation state |
| Organisation | University Libre Bruxelles (Université Libre de Bruxelles ULB) |
| Department | Department Geoscience, Environment & Society |
| Country | Belgium |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Designing and running sediment model experiments to determine how bottom water conditions on shelves, which are known to have varied over geological time (e.g. saturation state and other solute concentrations) affect porewater carbonate saturation state development. Re-evaluation of sulfate reduction and bottom-water anoxia, arguably the most popular inferred mechanisms of authigenic carbonate development in the geological literature, as feasible promoters of carbonate supersaturation. Designing, running, and analyzing sediment model experiments to determine where porewater supersaturation is most favored. PhD student Hazel Vallack (University of Bristol, co-supervised with Sandra Arndt (University Libre Bruxelles), Fiona Whitaker (University of Bristol), and Steve Hesselbo (Camborne School of Mines)) now running sediment models to assess the effects of organic matter quality (both age and heterogeneity) on porewater saturation state development. With Hazel, we have compiled geological literature about authigenic carbonate production through geologic time and the metabolic pathways to which carbonate precipitation was ascribed. Commenced addition of C isotopes to model code. Development of plotting scripts to visualize, analyze, and communicate the model results. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Sandra Arndt and PhD student Philip Pika (University of Bristol) have also run sediment model experiments relating organic matter quality and organic carbon degradation rates. |
| Impact | Several conference presentations and 2 summers teaching to the International Geobiology Summer Course on the early modelling results have resulted so far. In the second year lecturing on the International Geobiology Course, I debuted a new hands on modelling course to the students in which they learned how to conceive and execute model-testable hypotheses related to the development of authigenic carbonate. One paper is in prep. currently and a further paper adding isotope tracers to the model is underway. |
| Start Year | 2014 |
| Description | Sediment modelling carbonate saturation state |
| Organisation | University of Bristol |
| Department | Faculty of Social Science and Law |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Designing and running sediment model experiments to determine how bottom water conditions on shelves, which are known to have varied over geological time (e.g. saturation state and other solute concentrations) affect porewater carbonate saturation state development. Re-evaluation of sulfate reduction and bottom-water anoxia, arguably the most popular inferred mechanisms of authigenic carbonate development in the geological literature, as feasible promoters of carbonate supersaturation. Designing, running, and analyzing sediment model experiments to determine where porewater supersaturation is most favored. PhD student Hazel Vallack (University of Bristol, co-supervised with Sandra Arndt (University Libre Bruxelles), Fiona Whitaker (University of Bristol), and Steve Hesselbo (Camborne School of Mines)) now running sediment models to assess the effects of organic matter quality (both age and heterogeneity) on porewater saturation state development. With Hazel, we have compiled geological literature about authigenic carbonate production through geologic time and the metabolic pathways to which carbonate precipitation was ascribed. Commenced addition of C isotopes to model code. Development of plotting scripts to visualize, analyze, and communicate the model results. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Sandra Arndt and PhD student Philip Pika (University of Bristol) have also run sediment model experiments relating organic matter quality and organic carbon degradation rates. |
| Impact | Several conference presentations and 2 summers teaching to the International Geobiology Summer Course on the early modelling results have resulted so far. In the second year lecturing on the International Geobiology Course, I debuted a new hands on modelling course to the students in which they learned how to conceive and execute model-testable hypotheses related to the development of authigenic carbonate. One paper is in prep. currently and a further paper adding isotope tracers to the model is underway. |
| Start Year | 2014 |
| Description | Sediment modelling carbonate saturation state |
| Organisation | University of Bristol |
| Department | School of Geographical Sciences |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Designing and running sediment model experiments to determine how bottom water conditions on shelves, which are known to have varied over geological time (e.g. saturation state and other solute concentrations) affect porewater carbonate saturation state development. Re-evaluation of sulfate reduction and bottom-water anoxia, arguably the most popular inferred mechanisms of authigenic carbonate development in the geological literature, as feasible promoters of carbonate supersaturation. Designing, running, and analyzing sediment model experiments to determine where porewater supersaturation is most favored. PhD student Hazel Vallack (University of Bristol, co-supervised with Sandra Arndt (University Libre Bruxelles), Fiona Whitaker (University of Bristol), and Steve Hesselbo (Camborne School of Mines)) now running sediment models to assess the effects of organic matter quality (both age and heterogeneity) on porewater saturation state development. With Hazel, we have compiled geological literature about authigenic carbonate production through geologic time and the metabolic pathways to which carbonate precipitation was ascribed. Commenced addition of C isotopes to model code. Development of plotting scripts to visualize, analyze, and communicate the model results. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Sandra Arndt and PhD student Philip Pika (University of Bristol) have also run sediment model experiments relating organic matter quality and organic carbon degradation rates. |
| Impact | Several conference presentations and 2 summers teaching to the International Geobiology Summer Course on the early modelling results have resulted so far. In the second year lecturing on the International Geobiology Course, I debuted a new hands on modelling course to the students in which they learned how to conceive and execute model-testable hypotheses related to the development of authigenic carbonate. One paper is in prep. currently and a further paper adding isotope tracers to the model is underway. |
| Start Year | 2014 |
| Description | Triassic-Jurassic paleoclimate/carbonate record |
| Organisation | European Institute for Marine Studies (IUEM) |
| Country | France |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | I provided expertise in carbonate geochemistry, carbonate petrography, the end-Triassic mass extinction and associated carbon cycle perturbations which have so far resulted in 4 publications led by Yadira Ibarra from Stanford (Ibarra et al., 2014;2015;2016) and Frank Corsetti from USC (Corseti et al., 2015), two of which were journal cover stores (Ibarra et al., 2015, Corsetti et al., 2015). I have facilitated a new partnership between Victoria Petryshyn (formerly UCLA, IUEM, now USC) and Dan Lunt/Alex Farnsworth (University of Bristol) in which I designed a novel model-data intercomparison to interpret paleoclimate records from carbonate stromatolites with unknown temporal scale. One co-first author paper in revision. Work presented at Goldschmidt 2017 and Lyell meeting 2018. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Yadira Ibarra (formerly Stanford, now SFSU) and Frank Corsetti (USC) conducted carbonate petrology and stable isotope geochemistry. Victoria Petryshyn conducted clumped isotope and trace element geochemistry in conjunction with Aradhna Tripati (UCLA), Stefan Lalonde, and Pierre Sansjofre (IUEM) , Alex Farnsworth and Dan Lunt provided paleoclimate modeling. |
| Impact | 4 manuscripts published so far, 1 further manuscript in revision. I have additionally presented this work at several recent meetings including Goldschmidt (2017) and the Geological Society's Lyell Meeting (2018). This work is multidisciplinary and includes traditional geology, isotope geochemistry, and climate modelling. |
| Start Year | 2014 |
| Description | Triassic-Jurassic paleoclimate/carbonate record |
| Organisation | San Francisco State University |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | I provided expertise in carbonate geochemistry, carbonate petrography, the end-Triassic mass extinction and associated carbon cycle perturbations which have so far resulted in 4 publications led by Yadira Ibarra from Stanford (Ibarra et al., 2014;2015;2016) and Frank Corsetti from USC (Corseti et al., 2015), two of which were journal cover stores (Ibarra et al., 2015, Corsetti et al., 2015). I have facilitated a new partnership between Victoria Petryshyn (formerly UCLA, IUEM, now USC) and Dan Lunt/Alex Farnsworth (University of Bristol) in which I designed a novel model-data intercomparison to interpret paleoclimate records from carbonate stromatolites with unknown temporal scale. One co-first author paper in revision. Work presented at Goldschmidt 2017 and Lyell meeting 2018. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Yadira Ibarra (formerly Stanford, now SFSU) and Frank Corsetti (USC) conducted carbonate petrology and stable isotope geochemistry. Victoria Petryshyn conducted clumped isotope and trace element geochemistry in conjunction with Aradhna Tripati (UCLA), Stefan Lalonde, and Pierre Sansjofre (IUEM) , Alex Farnsworth and Dan Lunt provided paleoclimate modeling. |
| Impact | 4 manuscripts published so far, 1 further manuscript in revision. I have additionally presented this work at several recent meetings including Goldschmidt (2017) and the Geological Society's Lyell Meeting (2018). This work is multidisciplinary and includes traditional geology, isotope geochemistry, and climate modelling. |
| Start Year | 2014 |
| Description | Triassic-Jurassic paleoclimate/carbonate record |
| Organisation | Stanford University |
| Department | School of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | I provided expertise in carbonate geochemistry, carbonate petrography, the end-Triassic mass extinction and associated carbon cycle perturbations which have so far resulted in 4 publications led by Yadira Ibarra from Stanford (Ibarra et al., 2014;2015;2016) and Frank Corsetti from USC (Corseti et al., 2015), two of which were journal cover stores (Ibarra et al., 2015, Corsetti et al., 2015). I have facilitated a new partnership between Victoria Petryshyn (formerly UCLA, IUEM, now USC) and Dan Lunt/Alex Farnsworth (University of Bristol) in which I designed a novel model-data intercomparison to interpret paleoclimate records from carbonate stromatolites with unknown temporal scale. One co-first author paper in revision. Work presented at Goldschmidt 2017 and Lyell meeting 2018. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Yadira Ibarra (formerly Stanford, now SFSU) and Frank Corsetti (USC) conducted carbonate petrology and stable isotope geochemistry. Victoria Petryshyn conducted clumped isotope and trace element geochemistry in conjunction with Aradhna Tripati (UCLA), Stefan Lalonde, and Pierre Sansjofre (IUEM) , Alex Farnsworth and Dan Lunt provided paleoclimate modeling. |
| Impact | 4 manuscripts published so far, 1 further manuscript in revision. I have additionally presented this work at several recent meetings including Goldschmidt (2017) and the Geological Society's Lyell Meeting (2018). This work is multidisciplinary and includes traditional geology, isotope geochemistry, and climate modelling. |
| Start Year | 2014 |
| Description | Triassic-Jurassic paleoclimate/carbonate record |
| Organisation | University of Bristol |
| Department | School of Geographical Sciences |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | I provided expertise in carbonate geochemistry, carbonate petrography, the end-Triassic mass extinction and associated carbon cycle perturbations which have so far resulted in 4 publications led by Yadira Ibarra from Stanford (Ibarra et al., 2014;2015;2016) and Frank Corsetti from USC (Corseti et al., 2015), two of which were journal cover stores (Ibarra et al., 2015, Corsetti et al., 2015). I have facilitated a new partnership between Victoria Petryshyn (formerly UCLA, IUEM, now USC) and Dan Lunt/Alex Farnsworth (University of Bristol) in which I designed a novel model-data intercomparison to interpret paleoclimate records from carbonate stromatolites with unknown temporal scale. One co-first author paper in revision. Work presented at Goldschmidt 2017 and Lyell meeting 2018. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Yadira Ibarra (formerly Stanford, now SFSU) and Frank Corsetti (USC) conducted carbonate petrology and stable isotope geochemistry. Victoria Petryshyn conducted clumped isotope and trace element geochemistry in conjunction with Aradhna Tripati (UCLA), Stefan Lalonde, and Pierre Sansjofre (IUEM) , Alex Farnsworth and Dan Lunt provided paleoclimate modeling. |
| Impact | 4 manuscripts published so far, 1 further manuscript in revision. I have additionally presented this work at several recent meetings including Goldschmidt (2017) and the Geological Society's Lyell Meeting (2018). This work is multidisciplinary and includes traditional geology, isotope geochemistry, and climate modelling. |
| Start Year | 2014 |
| Description | Triassic-Jurassic paleoclimate/carbonate record |
| Organisation | University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) |
| Department | Department of Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | I provided expertise in carbonate geochemistry, carbonate petrography, the end-Triassic mass extinction and associated carbon cycle perturbations which have so far resulted in 4 publications led by Yadira Ibarra from Stanford (Ibarra et al., 2014;2015;2016) and Frank Corsetti from USC (Corseti et al., 2015), two of which were journal cover stores (Ibarra et al., 2015, Corsetti et al., 2015). I have facilitated a new partnership between Victoria Petryshyn (formerly UCLA, IUEM, now USC) and Dan Lunt/Alex Farnsworth (University of Bristol) in which I designed a novel model-data intercomparison to interpret paleoclimate records from carbonate stromatolites with unknown temporal scale. One co-first author paper in revision. Work presented at Goldschmidt 2017 and Lyell meeting 2018. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Yadira Ibarra (formerly Stanford, now SFSU) and Frank Corsetti (USC) conducted carbonate petrology and stable isotope geochemistry. Victoria Petryshyn conducted clumped isotope and trace element geochemistry in conjunction with Aradhna Tripati (UCLA), Stefan Lalonde, and Pierre Sansjofre (IUEM) , Alex Farnsworth and Dan Lunt provided paleoclimate modeling. |
| Impact | 4 manuscripts published so far, 1 further manuscript in revision. I have additionally presented this work at several recent meetings including Goldschmidt (2017) and the Geological Society's Lyell Meeting (2018). This work is multidisciplinary and includes traditional geology, isotope geochemistry, and climate modelling. |
| Start Year | 2014 |
| Description | Triassic-Jurassic paleoclimate/carbonate record |
| Organisation | University of Southern California |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | I provided expertise in carbonate geochemistry, carbonate petrography, the end-Triassic mass extinction and associated carbon cycle perturbations which have so far resulted in 4 publications led by Yadira Ibarra from Stanford (Ibarra et al., 2014;2015;2016) and Frank Corsetti from USC (Corseti et al., 2015), two of which were journal cover stores (Ibarra et al., 2015, Corsetti et al., 2015). I have facilitated a new partnership between Victoria Petryshyn (formerly UCLA, IUEM, now USC) and Dan Lunt/Alex Farnsworth (University of Bristol) in which I designed a novel model-data intercomparison to interpret paleoclimate records from carbonate stromatolites with unknown temporal scale. One co-first author paper in revision. Work presented at Goldschmidt 2017 and Lyell meeting 2018. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Yadira Ibarra (formerly Stanford, now SFSU) and Frank Corsetti (USC) conducted carbonate petrology and stable isotope geochemistry. Victoria Petryshyn conducted clumped isotope and trace element geochemistry in conjunction with Aradhna Tripati (UCLA), Stefan Lalonde, and Pierre Sansjofre (IUEM) , Alex Farnsworth and Dan Lunt provided paleoclimate modeling. |
| Impact | 4 manuscripts published so far, 1 further manuscript in revision. I have additionally presented this work at several recent meetings including Goldschmidt (2017) and the Geological Society's Lyell Meeting (2018). This work is multidisciplinary and includes traditional geology, isotope geochemistry, and climate modelling. |
| Start Year | 2014 |
| Description | Bewdley Family Fun Day - ocean acidification experiment |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Bewdley (a town just outside Birmingham) invited me to bring a science experiment to their local family fun day in summer 2018. ~50-60 members of the public performed an ocean acidification to learn how carbon dioxide affects ocean chemistry. This sparked lots of discussions about what individuals can do to reduce their carbon footprint (with the kids) and about climate policy (the parents). Kids made commitments to consider walking or biking more and to conserve electricity. I was also approached to do some follow up lectures with local university of the 3rd age members. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Lapworth Museum Open Days |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | At two open visit days to the Lapworth Musuem, I organized and ran activities for school children. The purpose was to engage with the general public (schoolchildern and parents) with palaeontology and climate science and the research at the Lapworth and the UoB. An example was an ocean acidification experiment. While exact attendance was not counted, several hundred pupils attended, a fair proportion of which will have participated in the activity I organized. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017,2018 |
| Description | Open days - University of Birmingham |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | I co-organized an A-level visit day and activities both for open days and applicant visit days at UoB. These activities included hands on ocean acidification experiments and playing with palaeoclimate model output. Across these events, well over 100 prospective pupils will have participated in an activity I organized. In the case of A-level visit days, the goal was to excite them about pursuing degrees in geology and climate science. Several have already applied to the UoB for Geology or related degrees since their visit. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017,2018 |
| Description | Public lecture - Yorkshire Geological Society |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Gave a public lecture to the Yorkshire Geological Society contextualising anthropogenic carbon emissions by comparing them with the most rapid episodes of carbon emissions in the geologic past (mass extinctions, volcanic episodes) as part of a series of talks on "Ancient Air: The Evolution of the Earth's Atmosphere". |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Summer School teaching - PhD students |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | In summers 2017, 2018, and 2019 I taught on two prestigious international courses for PhD students in my field. Once was related to a Marie Curie ITN, in which I gave several lectures and co-taught an introductory modelling course for ~16 current PhD students. The second was at the international Urbino Summer School in Palaeoclimatology (all 3 summers), where I taught ~80 of the brightest PhD students in the world, introducing the topic of the global carbon cycle over several lectures. A few students have since reached out to talk about further modelling work that they might apply to their PhD studies and to collaborate on outreach and public engagement activities related to our mutual research interests. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017,2018,2019 |
| URL | http://www.urbinossp.it/ |
| Description | Two activities developed and delivered for open days/outreach |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | Two sets of activities developed and implemented for school visit days and open days: 1) ocean acidification in a test tube 2) climate dynamics in the North Atlantic Cumulatively these have been delivered to hundreds of A level students (various STEM subjects) and prospective geoscience undergraduates at the University of Birmingham. Lots of questions afterwards and many of the participants ended up choosing to study geoscience at the University of Birmingham. Conversion rates for open day attendees are very high for Earth Science/geology subjects at our institution. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017,2018,2019,2020 |