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FOCUS: Future states Of the global Coastal ocean: Understanding for Solutions

Lead Research Organisation: National Oceanography Centre
Department Name: Science and Technology

Abstract

2021-2030 is the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development aiming at "The science we need for the ocean we want" through "Transformative ocean science solutions for sustainable development, connecting people and our ocean". In FOCUS we aim to make a significant UK contribution to the Decade through a broad body of scientific endeavour. This crosses multiple disciplines, focusing on the coastal zone and shelf seas at a global scale (the "Global Coastal Ocean") and addresses each of the seven expected Decade Outcomes: i A clean ocean ; ii A healthy and resilient ocean; iii A productive ocean; iv A predicted ocean; v A safe ocean; vi An accessible ocean; vii An inspiring and engaging ocean. The Decade works through endorsed international programmes, and NOC and PML have been involved in the co-design of several of these, notably: CoastPredict: Observing and Predicting the Global Coastal Ocean and Ocean Acidification Research for Sustainability. Alongside the UN Decade, the World Climate Research Programme is currently designing "Light House Activities" and FOCUS scientists will contribute to this, particularly on Sea Level Rise in Safe Climate Landing. Alongside these global partnerships we will work with regional partnerships, such as the SE Asia Land to Ocean Network and the Network-to-Network for the Gulf of Mexico, and many research institutions and universities around the world.

Working in these partnerships, we address the fact that the global coastal ocean is under immense pressure from human instigated climate change and population growth. Climatic changes in marine temperature, circulation and acidity impact on marine ecosystems and their ability to provide 'ecosystem services' such food from fisheries and drawing down CO2 from the atmosphere. Sea level rise and increases in storminess hugely increase the risk of coastal flooding. How these climate impacts act together and relate to changes to episodic events (such as storms) is a major knowledge gap. Similarly, substantially rising human activity in the coastal zone (e.g. in growing megacities) leads to increased risk of pollution and degradation to marine environments without careful management. Many aspects, such as nutrient pollution from agriculture and sewage, have been investigated for years, but others are newly emerging, e.g. the impacts of mining waste, pollution from shipping and artificial light at night. Again, how these multiple direct human impacts act together is largely unknown. Coastal habitats, such as seagrasses, mangroves and seaweeds have the potential to draw down substantial amounts of CO2 and help stall climate change, but only if they are healthy ecosystems. Hence, understanding how the protection and restoration of these environments can improve CO2 drawdown is an important aspect in fighting climate change. Finally, to address the issues described above on a global scale requires new approaches to translating understanding from one region to another - particularly from data rich to data sparse areas. This involves developing approaches to classify the global coastal ocean, based on our understanding of oceanographic processes, and to develop ways to capture and compare the exposure of climate change risk of different sea areas. Social information can be added to this to create a whole-system view, for example, from climate to ecosystems to fisheries and to people.

In FOCUS we will bring to bear the full range of oceanographic tools to address these pressing issues, including numerical models, satellite remote sensing, field surveys and laboratory work. Extensively we will reanalyse existing data from around the world in novel and innovative ways and we will engage with scientists from many regions (such as South and South East Asia and the Caribbean), to build on existing knowledge, in a spirit of mutual respect and transparency, freely sharing methods and data.

Organisations

Publications

10 25 50
 
Description Multiple scientific finding have arisen from this aware relating to:
1.1 ARTIFICIAL LIGHT AT NIGHT AS A MULTI-STRESSOR
1.2 SOCIETAL PREFERENCES FOR ARTIFICIAL LIGHT AT NIGHT (ALAN) MITIGATION
1.3 CONSTRAINING THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF METAL MINING FROM INACTIVE AND ACTIVE MINE WASTES
2.1 TOWARDS AN UNDERSTANDING OF LAND MANAGEMENT PRACTISES ON CARBON AND NUTRIENT BIOGEOCHEMISTRY IN COASTAL WATERS
2.2 MAPPING ECOLOGICAL CHARACTER: TESTING TEMPLATE VARIABLES AND BIOLOGICAL TRAITS
3.1 CHANGING NUTRIENT SUPPLY, NOT TEMPERATURE, DRIVES TROPHIC AMPLIFICATION OF MARINE BIOMASS DECLINES
3.2 TRENDS IN COASTAL OCEAN PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY
3.3 CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS OF COASTAL UPWELLING SYSTEMS
4.1 UNDERSTANDING VARIABILITY AND EXTREMES OF CLIMATE CHANGE SIGNALS IN THE COASTAL OCEAN
4.2 OPTICAL WATER TYPES TO ASSESS VARIABILITY IN TRANSITIONAL WATERS AND RIVER PLUME MAPPING
4.3. MIXING-STRATIFICATION REGIMES AND TRENDS IN THE GLOBAL COASTAL OCEAN
4.4. CLIMATE-CHANGE INDUCED CARBON TRENDS IN THE INDONESIAN SEAS UNDER A HIGH EMISSION SCENARIO
4.5. UNSUPERVISED CLUSTERING WITH BIOGEOCHEMICAL MODEL DATA
5.1. ENGINEERING SOLUTIONS IN CARBON CAPTURE UTILISATION AND STORAGE
5.2. UNDERSTANDING IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON COASTAL FLOODING HAZARDS
5.3 SKILLFUL PREDICTION OF COASTAL SEA-LEVEL FOR PLANNING AND ADAPTATION
Exploitation Route These outcomes support multiple actions of the UN Decade of Ocean Science for sustainable development
Sectors Agriculture

Food and Drink

Digital/Communication/Information Technologies (including Software)

Education

Environment

URL https://projects.noc.ac.uk/focus/
 
Description This project supports multiple actions in the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development, and delivers to the outcomes of the decade implementation plan: : i A clean ocean; ii A healthy and resilient ocean; iii A productive ocean; iv A predicted ocean; v A safe ocean; vi An accessible ocean; vii An inspiring and engaging ocean.
First Year Of Impact 2022
Sector Agriculture, Food and Drink,Digital/Communication/Information Technologies (including Software),Environment
Impact Types Societal

Economic

Policy & public services

 
Description Citation in Met Office/FCDO report "Climate risk report for the East Africa region"
Geographic Reach Africa 
Policy Influence Type Citation in other policy documents
URL https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/binaries/content/assets/metofficegovuk/pdf/services/government/eastafri...
 
Description Contribution to the IPCC report WG2 (Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Working Group II Contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report)
Geographic Reach Multiple continents/international 
Policy Influence Type Citation in systematic reviews
Impact Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability The Working Group II contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report assesses the impacts of climate change, looking at ecosystems, biodiversity, and human communities at global and regional levels. It also reviews vulnerabilities and the capacities and limits of the natural world and human societies to adapt to climate change. Chapter 3: Oceans and Coastal Ecosystems and their Services: A.Yool served as a contributing author. The key MEDUSA publications were cited 11 times. MEDUSA's benthic submodel was used as a key evidence for the future of the benthic biomass. Figure 3.21j,k,l, from the WG2 report was re-drawn from Yool et al., 2017
URL https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/
 
Description Decision-Making on Deep-Sea Mineral Stewardship: A Supply Chain Perspective
Geographic Reach Multiple continents/international 
Policy Influence Type Citation in systematic reviews
Impact This report identifies significant gaps in knowledge, stakeholder participation and consensus that impede sound decision-making on deep-sea mineral stewardship. It calls for decision-making to be improved through urgently closing knowledge gaps on potential impacts, consensus-building and increased stakeholder participation. We owe it to future generations to be precautionary and well-informed stewards of our common natural heritage.
URL https://www.weforum.org/whitepapers/decision-making-on-deep-sea-mineral-stewardship-a-supply-chain-p...
 
Description FAO report citing Taylor et al 2021
Geographic Reach Africa 
Policy Influence Type Citation in systematic reviews
Impact Influential FAO report addressing issues of food security in Tanzania
URL https://www.fao.org/3/cc7606en/cc7606en.pdf
 
Description FAO report on Small Pelagic Fisheries in Tanzania citing Jebri et al., 2020
Geographic Reach Africa 
Policy Influence Type Citation in systematic reviews
Impact Our work was used by the "Implementing the Small-Scale Fisheries Guidelines for gender equitable and climate resilient food systems and livelihoods", financed under the Flexible Voluntary Contributions Mechanism, and utilizes results from the Illuminating Hidden Harvests initiative. This brief is part of a series of Small-Scale Fisheries and Gender Briefs that has been developed to shed light on the contribution of small-scale fisheries, and particularly the women working in them, to healthy food systems and sustainable livelihoods. The work was also conducted in collaboration with the Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries (MLF) of the United Republic of Tanzania and small-scale fisheries stakeholders
URL https://www.fao.org/3/cc7606en/cc7606en.pdf
 
Description IOC on Engaging indigenous peoples and local communities
Geographic Reach Multiple continents/international 
Policy Influence Type Citation in systematic reviews
Impact Better recognition o indigenous knowledge in MSP
URL https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000389940
 
Description Influence of artificial light pollution on marine ecosystems
Geographic Reach Multiple continents/international 
Policy Influence Type Participation in a guidance/advisory committee
 
Description Member of OSPAR Changing Ocean Climate and Ocean Acidification (COCOA) working group
Geographic Reach Europe 
Policy Influence Type Participation in a guidance/advisory committee
 
Description Member of Ocean Processes Evidence Group (OPEG)
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Participation in a guidance/advisory committee
 
Description Ocean Conservation - For effective tools for area-based management in the high seas
Geographic Reach Multiple continents/international 
Policy Influence Type Citation in systematic reviews
Impact This report provides some initial indications on how the international community can take pragmatic steps to build on existing governance frameworks, consolidate the progress made to date in negotiations on a future high seas treaty, and lay the groundwork for effective deployment of area management tools and marine protected areas.
URL https://www.iddri.org/fr/publications-et-evenements/rapport/conservation-de-locean-pour-des-outils-e...
 
Description Towards an Integrated Approach to Climate Security and Peacebuilding in Somalia
Geographic Reach Africa 
Policy Influence Type Citation in systematic reviews
Impact Climate change and its security implications are placing considerable pressures on peacebuilding efforts in Somalia. The country is currently experiencing its worst drought in over four decades, with an unprecedented fourth consecutive failed rainy season recently concluded in May 2022. Around 7.1 million Somalis (almost 50 per cent of the entire population) face food insecurity at crisis levels or worse. Over 800 000 Somalis have been displaced due to extreme drought, most of them women and children. When combined with decades of civil conflict and political strife, these worsening climatic conditions are challenging livelihoods and altering the physical surroundings and security upon which people depend. It is within this context that this SIPRI Report introduces a new integrated approach to addressing climate security and peacebuilding in Somalia. In addition to engaging national and international actors already active in Somalia, this new approach explores the potential contribution of the United Nations Peacebuilding Commission. Taken together, these engagement processes can lead to mutual commitments for climate, peace and security responses in Somalia.
URL https://www.sipri.org/publications/2022/other-publications/towards-integrated-approach-climate-secur...
 
Description Towards an Integrated Approach to Climate Security and Peacebuilding in Somalia citing Jacobs eta al 2021
Geographic Reach Africa 
Policy Influence Type Implementation circular/rapid advice/letter to e.g. Ministry of Health
Impact Climate change and its security implications are placing considerable pressures on peacebuilding efforts in Somalia. The country is currently experiencing its worst drought in over four decades, with an unprecedented fourth consecutive failed rainy season recently concluded in May 2022. Around 7.1 million Somalis (almost 50 per cent of the entire population) face food insecurity at crisis levels or worse. Over 800 000 Somalis have been displaced due to extreme drought, most of them women and children.
URL https://app.overton.io/document.php?policy_document_id=sipri-769929b398820dcdc577b3bed3adc545
 
Description update of MCCIP DO report card
Geographic Reach Europe 
Policy Influence Type Contribution to a national consultation/review
 
Description update of MCCIP OA report card
Geographic Reach Europe 
Policy Influence Type Contribution to a national consultation/review
URL https://www.mccip.org.uk/ocean-acidification
 
Description REDRESS - Restoration of deep-sea habitats to rebuild European Seas
Amount £84,657 (GBP)
Funding ID 10107562 
Organisation Innovate UK 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 02/2024 
End 01/2028
 
Title Effect of porosity and clays on geophysical and transport properties of sandstone exposed to CO2 injection: Influence of rock heterogeneities on CO2 storage monitoring 
Description This dataset gathers the data collected during a brine:CO2 flow-through experiments conducted on three sandstones with similar mineralogical compositions (major minerals) but different porosity, clay-size fraction and clay mineralogy. The aim was to study the effect of such heterogeneities on interpretation of geophysical data. Geophysical and transport data were collected before, during and after exposing each sample to CO2, and analysed with basic petrophysical properties. The tests were conducted in the high-pressure, room-temperature (20°C) experimental setup for multi-flow-through tests in the Rock Physics Laboratory at the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton (NOCS), during 2022, as part of the OASIS, EHMPRES and FOCUS projects with funding from the Research Council of Norway (RCN grant no. 280472 - OASIS) and the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC grants NE/X003248/1 - FAPESP-EHMPRES, and NE/X006271/1 - FOCUS). To simulate the specific effective stress conditions of the target CO2 storage reservoir in Aurora (Aker et al., 2021), northern North Sea, the confining and pore pressure conditions of the reservoir were accommodated to our lab temperature conditions. We measured ultrasonic P- and S-wave velocities and attenuations, axial strains and electrical resistivity for an increasing CO2 saturation. The degree of brine saturation was inferred from the electrical resistivity using the modified Archie's empirical relationship to account for the contribution of clay minerals, based on the Waxman-Smits-Juhasz model (see further details in, e.g., Falcon-Suarez et al. (2021)). We refer to Falcon-Suarez et al. (2020) for further information about the experimental rig and the CO2 injection protocol. 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2024 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact None yet 
URL https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/nationalgeosciencedatacentre/citedData/catalogue/256981dc-245b-410a-90a4-5f01...
 
Title MA 4 Global ocean climate projections 
Description This dataset includes 4 climate projections for the global ocean made with the model NEMO-ERSEM under the scenarios SSP1-2.6 and SSP3-7.0. The model is driven by two different CMIP6 models, CNRM-CM6-1hr and GFDL-ESM4 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2023 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact the model has just been completed. it will be used to drive HTL models to assess future distribution of fishes (including specific species as sharks) and to inform Integrated Ecosystem assessments of several case studies areas in the Atlantic 
 
Title Mapping the ecological character of seabed habitats of the UK using ecological templates and biotic traits 
Description Traditional marine habitat mapping predicts the distribution of individual species (SDMs) or habitats (classifier maps); the features mapped are typically based on the name of the species or the class of the habitat. Character mapping ignores identity and depicts the ecological character of species and assemblages, which may have more relevance for management purposes. Benthic character mapping has been investigated using (i) unsupervised clustering of composite ecological template variables; (ii) supervised classification of biological traits using standard predictor variables; and (iii) supervised classification of biological traits using composite ecological template variables. 
Type Of Material Data analysis technique 
Year Produced 2024 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact Currently being refined for publication 
 
Title South Asian regional ocean model and impacts of N pollution mitigation 
Description This dataset includes the outputs of four different simulations of the NEMO-ERSEM model for the Northern Indian Ocean. The first simulation is the baseline covering the period between 1990 and 2020. The further three simulations are present day climate simulation in which fluxes of nitrogen from rivers and and the atmosphere are changed following three different scenarios: - current legislation: to account for current trends in population, activities, and emissions and for the legislation aiming at limiting N pollution that is currently already implemented - MTFR: or Maximum technically feasible reduction of N emissions, assuming that all policy and technological solution to reduce N pollution will be implemented by 2030 - MTFR+: in which in addition of the assumption of the MTFR scenario a change in diet is also assumed 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2023 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact none yet 
 
Description COASTPREDICT: Observing and Predicting the Global Coastal Ocean 
Organisation Balearic Islands Coastal Observing and Forecasting System
Country Spain 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution NOC co-lead the COASTPREDICT Focus areas: Future Coastal Ocean climates: Earth System observing and modelling
Collaborator Contribution COASTPREDICT is programme endorsed by the UN Decade of Ocean Science and one of the 3 Programmes co-designed with the UNESCO International Oceanographic Commission's (IOC) Global Ocean ObservingSystem (GOOS).
Impact The COASTPREDICT project has sponsored several the UN decade endorsed projects, inducing NOC led Future Coastal Ocean Climates (FLAME)
Start Year 2021
 
Description COASTPREDICT: Observing and Predicting the Global Coastal Ocean 
Organisation University of Bologna
Country Italy 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution NOC co-lead the COASTPREDICT Focus areas: Future Coastal Ocean climates: Earth System observing and modelling
Collaborator Contribution COASTPREDICT is programme endorsed by the UN Decade of Ocean Science and one of the 3 Programmes co-designed with the UNESCO International Oceanographic Commission's (IOC) Global Ocean ObservingSystem (GOOS).
Impact The COASTPREDICT project has sponsored several the UN decade endorsed projects, inducing NOC led Future Coastal Ocean Climates (FLAME)
Start Year 2021
 
Description COASTPREDICT: Observing and Predicting the Global Coastal Ocean 
Organisation University of Miami
Country United States 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution NOC co-lead the COASTPREDICT Focus areas: Future Coastal Ocean climates: Earth System observing and modelling
Collaborator Contribution COASTPREDICT is programme endorsed by the UN Decade of Ocean Science and one of the 3 Programmes co-designed with the UNESCO International Oceanographic Commission's (IOC) Global Ocean ObservingSystem (GOOS).
Impact The COASTPREDICT project has sponsored several the UN decade endorsed projects, inducing NOC led Future Coastal Ocean Climates (FLAME)
Start Year 2021
 
Description FLAME 
Organisation Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
Country Australia 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution contributed to initial discussion and initial planning for next stages of the UN decade for ocean science project FLAME
Collaborator Contribution Coordinated the discussion and organised the initial workshop
Impact no concrete outputs yet, however a special issue is being planned. The collaboration is focussed on modelling but is multi-disciplinary as it involves physical oceanography modellers as well as marine ecosystem modellers, climate modellers as well as non-modellers like physical and biological oceanographers
Start Year 2023
 
Description FLAME 
Organisation Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (CMCC)
Country Italy 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution contributed to initial discussion and initial planning for next stages of the UN decade for ocean science project FLAME
Collaborator Contribution Coordinated the discussion and organised the initial workshop
Impact no concrete outputs yet, however a special issue is being planned. The collaboration is focussed on modelling but is multi-disciplinary as it involves physical oceanography modellers as well as marine ecosystem modellers, climate modellers as well as non-modellers like physical and biological oceanographers
Start Year 2023
 
Description FLAME 
Organisation Mercator Océan
Country France 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution contributed to initial discussion and initial planning for next stages of the UN decade for ocean science project FLAME
Collaborator Contribution Coordinated the discussion and organised the initial workshop
Impact no concrete outputs yet, however a special issue is being planned. The collaboration is focussed on modelling but is multi-disciplinary as it involves physical oceanography modellers as well as marine ecosystem modellers, climate modellers as well as non-modellers like physical and biological oceanographers
Start Year 2023
 
Description FLAME 
Organisation National Oceanic And Atmospheric Administration
Department Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL)
Country United States 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution contributed to initial discussion and initial planning for next stages of the UN decade for ocean science project FLAME
Collaborator Contribution Coordinated the discussion and organised the initial workshop
Impact no concrete outputs yet, however a special issue is being planned. The collaboration is focussed on modelling but is multi-disciplinary as it involves physical oceanography modellers as well as marine ecosystem modellers, climate modellers as well as non-modellers like physical and biological oceanographers
Start Year 2023
 
Description FLAME 
Organisation National Oceanography Centre
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution contributed to initial discussion and initial planning for next stages of the UN decade for ocean science project FLAME
Collaborator Contribution Coordinated the discussion and organised the initial workshop
Impact no concrete outputs yet, however a special issue is being planned. The collaboration is focussed on modelling but is multi-disciplinary as it involves physical oceanography modellers as well as marine ecosystem modellers, climate modellers as well as non-modellers like physical and biological oceanographers
Start Year 2023
 
Description FLAME 
Organisation University of Alberta
Country Canada 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution contributed to initial discussion and initial planning for next stages of the UN decade for ocean science project FLAME
Collaborator Contribution Coordinated the discussion and organised the initial workshop
Impact no concrete outputs yet, however a special issue is being planned. The collaboration is focussed on modelling but is multi-disciplinary as it involves physical oceanography modellers as well as marine ecosystem modellers, climate modellers as well as non-modellers like physical and biological oceanographers
Start Year 2023
 
Description FLAME 
Organisation University of Bologna
Country Italy 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution contributed to initial discussion and initial planning for next stages of the UN decade for ocean science project FLAME
Collaborator Contribution Coordinated the discussion and organised the initial workshop
Impact no concrete outputs yet, however a special issue is being planned. The collaboration is focussed on modelling but is multi-disciplinary as it involves physical oceanography modellers as well as marine ecosystem modellers, climate modellers as well as non-modellers like physical and biological oceanographers
Start Year 2023
 
Description FLAME 
Organisation University of Connecticut
Country United States 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution contributed to initial discussion and initial planning for next stages of the UN decade for ocean science project FLAME
Collaborator Contribution Coordinated the discussion and organised the initial workshop
Impact no concrete outputs yet, however a special issue is being planned. The collaboration is focussed on modelling but is multi-disciplinary as it involves physical oceanography modellers as well as marine ecosystem modellers, climate modellers as well as non-modellers like physical and biological oceanographers
Start Year 2023
 
Description Future Coastal Ocean Climates (FLAME) project endorsed by UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development 
Organisation Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
Department CSIRO Hobart
Country Australia 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution NOC leads this partnership
Collaborator Contribution During the UN Ocean Decade, FLAME aims to establish a Global Coastal Ocean Model Intercomparison Programme (CO-MIP) that will provide climate change impacts and hazard assessments to the next and future IPCC reports. While climate change is increasingly better understood and modelled on global scales, climate impacts are most acutely felt across the coastal ocean, where rapidly expanding human populations are reliant upon coastal ecosystem resources and services and where they are most vulnerable to coastal hazards. Downscaling global and regional climate models to reliably project change in the coastal ocean however, where the land, ocean and human populations are intimately connected, is challenging. FLAME provides a set of high-level objectives and a framework within which the international research community can work together to improve high-resolution projections of the global coastal oceans responses to future climate, on decadal to centennial scales, and strengthen understanding of the impacts that this will have on coastal ecosystems, hazards and services.
Impact Successful workshop in Feb 2023 involving about 60 participants from over 15 counties. Successful workshop in Feb 2025 in Lecce, Italy, involving about 90 in-person participants and 50 on-line.
Start Year 2022
 
Description Future Coastal Ocean Climates (FLAME) project endorsed by UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development 
Organisation Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (CMCC)
Country Italy 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution NOC leads this partnership
Collaborator Contribution During the UN Ocean Decade, FLAME aims to establish a Global Coastal Ocean Model Intercomparison Programme (CO-MIP) that will provide climate change impacts and hazard assessments to the next and future IPCC reports. While climate change is increasingly better understood and modelled on global scales, climate impacts are most acutely felt across the coastal ocean, where rapidly expanding human populations are reliant upon coastal ecosystem resources and services and where they are most vulnerable to coastal hazards. Downscaling global and regional climate models to reliably project change in the coastal ocean however, where the land, ocean and human populations are intimately connected, is challenging. FLAME provides a set of high-level objectives and a framework within which the international research community can work together to improve high-resolution projections of the global coastal oceans responses to future climate, on decadal to centennial scales, and strengthen understanding of the impacts that this will have on coastal ecosystems, hazards and services.
Impact Successful workshop in Feb 2023 involving about 60 participants from over 15 counties. Successful workshop in Feb 2025 in Lecce, Italy, involving about 90 in-person participants and 50 on-line.
Start Year 2022
 
Description Future Coastal Ocean Climates (FLAME) project endorsed by UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development 
Organisation University of Alberta
Country Canada 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution NOC leads this partnership
Collaborator Contribution During the UN Ocean Decade, FLAME aims to establish a Global Coastal Ocean Model Intercomparison Programme (CO-MIP) that will provide climate change impacts and hazard assessments to the next and future IPCC reports. While climate change is increasingly better understood and modelled on global scales, climate impacts are most acutely felt across the coastal ocean, where rapidly expanding human populations are reliant upon coastal ecosystem resources and services and where they are most vulnerable to coastal hazards. Downscaling global and regional climate models to reliably project change in the coastal ocean however, where the land, ocean and human populations are intimately connected, is challenging. FLAME provides a set of high-level objectives and a framework within which the international research community can work together to improve high-resolution projections of the global coastal oceans responses to future climate, on decadal to centennial scales, and strengthen understanding of the impacts that this will have on coastal ecosystems, hazards and services.
Impact Successful workshop in Feb 2023 involving about 60 participants from over 15 counties. Successful workshop in Feb 2025 in Lecce, Italy, involving about 90 in-person participants and 50 on-line.
Start Year 2022
 
Description Future Coastal Ocean Climates (FLAME) project endorsed by UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development 
Organisation University of Bologna
Country Italy 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution NOC leads this partnership
Collaborator Contribution During the UN Ocean Decade, FLAME aims to establish a Global Coastal Ocean Model Intercomparison Programme (CO-MIP) that will provide climate change impacts and hazard assessments to the next and future IPCC reports. While climate change is increasingly better understood and modelled on global scales, climate impacts are most acutely felt across the coastal ocean, where rapidly expanding human populations are reliant upon coastal ecosystem resources and services and where they are most vulnerable to coastal hazards. Downscaling global and regional climate models to reliably project change in the coastal ocean however, where the land, ocean and human populations are intimately connected, is challenging. FLAME provides a set of high-level objectives and a framework within which the international research community can work together to improve high-resolution projections of the global coastal oceans responses to future climate, on decadal to centennial scales, and strengthen understanding of the impacts that this will have on coastal ecosystems, hazards and services.
Impact Successful workshop in Feb 2023 involving about 60 participants from over 15 counties. Successful workshop in Feb 2025 in Lecce, Italy, involving about 90 in-person participants and 50 on-line.
Start Year 2022
 
Description Future Coastal Ocean Climates (FLAME) project endorsed by UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development 
Organisation University of Calabria
Country Italy 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution NOC leads this partnership
Collaborator Contribution During the UN Ocean Decade, FLAME aims to establish a Global Coastal Ocean Model Intercomparison Programme (CO-MIP) that will provide climate change impacts and hazard assessments to the next and future IPCC reports. While climate change is increasingly better understood and modelled on global scales, climate impacts are most acutely felt across the coastal ocean, where rapidly expanding human populations are reliant upon coastal ecosystem resources and services and where they are most vulnerable to coastal hazards. Downscaling global and regional climate models to reliably project change in the coastal ocean however, where the land, ocean and human populations are intimately connected, is challenging. FLAME provides a set of high-level objectives and a framework within which the international research community can work together to improve high-resolution projections of the global coastal oceans responses to future climate, on decadal to centennial scales, and strengthen understanding of the impacts that this will have on coastal ecosystems, hazards and services.
Impact Successful workshop in Feb 2023 involving about 60 participants from over 15 counties. Successful workshop in Feb 2025 in Lecce, Italy, involving about 90 in-person participants and 50 on-line.
Start Year 2022
 
Description Modelling for restoration of deep sea habitats 
Organisation French Research Institute for the Exploitation of the Sea
Country France 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution This collaboration is in the framework of the new EU project REDRESS (Funding through INNOVATE UK) where I will be leading the provision of biogeochemical projections of the marine environment for the site where resotration activities will be tested
Collaborator Contribution the partner will provide guidance on the variables and projections they need, as well as running species and habitat models using the products I will deliver
Impact none yet as the project has just started
Start Year 2024
 
Description Modelling for restoration of deep sea habitats 
Organisation Marche Polytechnic University
Country Italy 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution This collaboration is in the framework of the new EU project REDRESS (Funding through INNOVATE UK) where I will be leading the provision of biogeochemical projections of the marine environment for the site where resotration activities will be tested
Collaborator Contribution the partner will provide guidance on the variables and projections they need, as well as running species and habitat models using the products I will deliver
Impact none yet as the project has just started
Start Year 2024
 
Description Modelling for restoration of deep sea habitats 
Organisation Marine and Freshwater Research Institute
Country Iceland 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution This collaboration is in the framework of the new EU project REDRESS (Funding through INNOVATE UK) where I will be leading the provision of biogeochemical projections of the marine environment for the site where resotration activities will be tested
Collaborator Contribution the partner will provide guidance on the variables and projections they need, as well as running species and habitat models using the products I will deliver
Impact none yet as the project has just started
Start Year 2024
 
Description Modelling for restoration of deep sea habitats 
Organisation National Research Council
Country Italy 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution This collaboration is in the framework of the new EU project REDRESS (Funding through INNOVATE UK) where I will be leading the provision of biogeochemical projections of the marine environment for the site where resotration activities will be tested
Collaborator Contribution the partner will provide guidance on the variables and projections they need, as well as running species and habitat models using the products I will deliver
Impact none yet as the project has just started
Start Year 2024
 
Description Modelling for restoration of deep sea habitats 
Organisation Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
Country Spain 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution This collaboration is in the framework of the new EU project REDRESS (Funding through INNOVATE UK) where I will be leading the provision of biogeochemical projections of the marine environment for the site where resotration activities will be tested
Collaborator Contribution the partner will provide guidance on the variables and projections they need, as well as running species and habitat models using the products I will deliver
Impact none yet as the project has just started
Start Year 2024
 
Description Modelling for restoration of deep sea habitats 
Organisation University of Aveiro
Country Portugal 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution This collaboration is in the framework of the new EU project REDRESS (Funding through INNOVATE UK) where I will be leading the provision of biogeochemical projections of the marine environment for the site where resotration activities will be tested
Collaborator Contribution the partner will provide guidance on the variables and projections they need, as well as running species and habitat models using the products I will deliver
Impact none yet as the project has just started
Start Year 2024
 
Description Modelling for restoration of deep sea habitats 
Organisation University of Azores
Country Portugal 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution This collaboration is in the framework of the new EU project REDRESS (Funding through INNOVATE UK) where I will be leading the provision of biogeochemical projections of the marine environment for the site where resotration activities will be tested
Collaborator Contribution the partner will provide guidance on the variables and projections they need, as well as running species and habitat models using the products I will deliver
Impact none yet as the project has just started
Start Year 2024
 
Description Modelling for restoration of deep sea habitats 
Organisation University of Edinburgh
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution This collaboration is in the framework of the new EU project REDRESS (Funding through INNOVATE UK) where I will be leading the provision of biogeochemical projections of the marine environment for the site where resotration activities will be tested
Collaborator Contribution the partner will provide guidance on the variables and projections they need, as well as running species and habitat models using the products I will deliver
Impact none yet as the project has just started
Start Year 2024
 
Description Modelling for restoration of deep sea habitats 
Organisation University of Galway
Country Ireland 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution This collaboration is in the framework of the new EU project REDRESS (Funding through INNOVATE UK) where I will be leading the provision of biogeochemical projections of the marine environment for the site where resotration activities will be tested
Collaborator Contribution the partner will provide guidance on the variables and projections they need, as well as running species and habitat models using the products I will deliver
Impact none yet as the project has just started
Start Year 2024
 
Description NEMO Consortium 
Organisation Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (CMCC)
Country Italy 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution The NEMO consortium mainains and developes the NEMO (Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean) ocean model. This is a state-of-the-art modelling framework for research activities and forecasting services in ocean and climate sciences, developed in a sustainable way by a European consortium.
Collaborator Contribution The NEMO consortium mainains and developes the NEMO (Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean) ocean model. This is a state-of-the-art modelling framework for research activities and forecasting services in ocean and climate sciences, developed in a sustainable way by a European consortium.
Impact The consortium provides regular model code updates (currently V4). These form the basis for most model based operational, climate and research oceanography in Europe, including the UK, Frence and italian contributions the CMIP process informing the IPCC Assessment and Special Reports, and also the Copernicus Marine Environmental Monitoring Service.
Start Year 2008
 
Description NEMO Consortium 
Organisation Mercator Océan
Country France 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution The NEMO consortium mainains and developes the NEMO (Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean) ocean model. This is a state-of-the-art modelling framework for research activities and forecasting services in ocean and climate sciences, developed in a sustainable way by a European consortium.
Collaborator Contribution The NEMO consortium mainains and developes the NEMO (Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean) ocean model. This is a state-of-the-art modelling framework for research activities and forecasting services in ocean and climate sciences, developed in a sustainable way by a European consortium.
Impact The consortium provides regular model code updates (currently V4). These form the basis for most model based operational, climate and research oceanography in Europe, including the UK, Frence and italian contributions the CMIP process informing the IPCC Assessment and Special Reports, and also the Copernicus Marine Environmental Monitoring Service.
Start Year 2008
 
Description NEMO Consortium 
Organisation Meteorological Office UK
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution The NEMO consortium mainains and developes the NEMO (Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean) ocean model. This is a state-of-the-art modelling framework for research activities and forecasting services in ocean and climate sciences, developed in a sustainable way by a European consortium.
Collaborator Contribution The NEMO consortium mainains and developes the NEMO (Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean) ocean model. This is a state-of-the-art modelling framework for research activities and forecasting services in ocean and climate sciences, developed in a sustainable way by a European consortium.
Impact The consortium provides regular model code updates (currently V4). These form the basis for most model based operational, climate and research oceanography in Europe, including the UK, Frence and italian contributions the CMIP process informing the IPCC Assessment and Special Reports, and also the Copernicus Marine Environmental Monitoring Service.
Start Year 2008
 
Description NEMO Consortium 
Organisation National Center for Scientific Research (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS)
Country France 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution The NEMO consortium mainains and developes the NEMO (Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean) ocean model. This is a state-of-the-art modelling framework for research activities and forecasting services in ocean and climate sciences, developed in a sustainable way by a European consortium.
Collaborator Contribution The NEMO consortium mainains and developes the NEMO (Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean) ocean model. This is a state-of-the-art modelling framework for research activities and forecasting services in ocean and climate sciences, developed in a sustainable way by a European consortium.
Impact The consortium provides regular model code updates (currently V4). These form the basis for most model based operational, climate and research oceanography in Europe, including the UK, Frence and italian contributions the CMIP process informing the IPCC Assessment and Special Reports, and also the Copernicus Marine Environmental Monitoring Service.
Start Year 2008
 
Description National Oceanography Centre (NOC) Southampton and the Institute of Energy and Environment of the University of São Paulo (IEE/USP) 
Organisation Universidade de São Paulo
Country Brazil 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Fieldtrip to Parana Basin, Sao Paulo, including sample selection and acquisition Lecture given by the PI (Ismael Himar Falcon Suarez) at the USP in March 2023 Organization of a workshop in the NOC, Southampton (UK) entitled "Research Roadmap for Efficient Underground CO2 and H2 Storage", inviting two members of the Hosting two USP students for two weeks in the NOC X-ray diffraction (mineralogical) analysis from samples collected in the Parana Basin, a reservoir formation targeted for CO2 storage Dataset: NERC EDS National Geoscience Data Centre. (Dataset). https://doi.org/10.5285/256981dc-245b-410a-90a4-5f0138583a65 Paper submitted to JGR Solid Earth
Collaborator Contribution Organization of a field trip in Sao Paulo, including sample acquisition, preparation and delivered to NOC in the UK
Impact Dataset: Falcon-Suarez, I. & Mondol, N. H. 2024. Effect of porosity and clays on geophysical and transport properties of sandstone exposed to CO2 injection: Influence of rock heterogeneities on CO2 storage monitoring. NERC EDS National Geoscience Data Centre. (Dataset). https://doi.org/10.5285/256981dc-245b-410a-90a4-5f0138583a65
Start Year 2022
 
Description Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement Pelagic Impact International Project (OAEPIIP) 
Organisation University of Tasmania
Country Australia 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Our team has joined the OAEPIIP and will be conducted experiments on OAE impact to natural phytoplankton communities. The data will form a stand-alone research paper, but together with the wider OAEPIIP collaboration (of now 15 participants worldwide) we will also be able to contribute to a meta-analysis to assess differences in response across the regions.
Collaborator Contribution Partners have provided the technical standard protocols and the consumables budget for this work. They will lead the global meta-analysis assessment.
Impact We are still in the process of working with this collaboration - no outputs to date. One outcome is we successfully secured a MSc student for their project to help with the experiment.
Start Year 2024
 
Description USP - NOC 
Organisation Universidade de São Paulo
Country Brazil 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Co-organization of an energy transition CCS-UHS workshop in the NOC
Collaborator Contribution University of Edinburg (UoE) and NOC collaborate within the frame of this project and another NERC-funded project (CHORUS). The aim of this collaboration is to combine our experimental capabilities to the modelling ones offered by the UoE to improve our understanding of the coupled fluid-rock-gas phenomena that take place in deep geological reservoirs subjected to the injection of CO2 and/or H2.
Impact Dataset: Falcon-Suarez, I. & Mondol, N. H. 2024. Effect of porosity and clays on geophysical and transport properties of sandstone exposed to CO2 injection: Influence of rock heterogeneities on CO2 storage monitoring. NERC EDS National Geoscience Data Centre. (Dataset). https://doi.org/10.5285/256981dc-245b-410a-90a4-5f0138583a65
Start Year 2022
 
Description impact of multistressors on cold water corals 
Organisation University of Edinburgh
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution I have provided climate projections of environmental condition to assess the potential risk for cold water corals
Collaborator Contribution he provided information about environmental threshold for cold water corals species and links to wider context of decommissioning of open sea structures and to stakeholder (OSPAR)
Impact The collaboration is multidisciplinary, involving biology, ecology and modelling. The collaboration has just started, no concrete output has been achieved, but plans for a white paper and for stakeholder engagement are being prepared
Start Year 2022
 
Title Portal for displaying multiple stressors in marine environment 
Description Portal to show the impact of artificial light at night in combination with noise pollution from shipping. Can also overlay habitat maps 
Type Of Technology Webtool/Application 
Year Produced 2024 
Open Source License? Yes  
Impact Outreach tool - demonstrated at the Houses of Parliament in Sense About Science week. 
URL https://focus.eofrom.space/
 
Description COASTPredict UN Decade programme annual meeting 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact the first in person meeting of the COASTPREDICT UN Decade porgramme
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
URL https://www.coastpredict.org/
 
Description Coast Predict / Global Coast 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Other audiences
Results and Impact I contributed to the General assembly of the UN decade programme Coast Predict and of its activity Global Coast that involved scientists as well as representative of several government agencies from various countries. The discussion was very alive and plans for future activities to improve the science-to-policy communication and the use of modelling tools into marine management plans and policy making process were established.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2025
URL https://www.coastpredict.org/coastpredict-and-dcc-cr-events-february-2025/
 
Description FLAME - Lecce 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Other audiences
Results and Impact This was the second workshop of the project FLAME, under the auspices of the UN decade programme Coast predict, aiming at building a community to establish a Global Coastal Ocean Model Intercomparison Project.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2025
URL https://www.coastpredict.org/coastpredict-and-dcc-cr-events-february-2025/
 
Description Future Coastal Ocean Climates UN Decade project Workshop 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact This workshop brought together an international community of scientists to discuss and develop the key action areas of FLAME:

Assessing the performance of future coastal ocean projections
Developing new and strengthening regional Earth System Models
Developing new downscaling approaches and improving hazard information
Advancing observation-model co-analysis and data assimilation
Improving understanding of the global coastal oceans response to future climate
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
URL https://projects.noc.ac.uk/flame/meetings
 
Description Invited talk "Unveiling the Dynamics of Sea Level Rise: From Observations to Action for Coastal Resilience" at the workshop "Leveraging Climate Research and Modeling for Action in the Indo-Pacific region", organised by WCRP My Climate Risk (MCR) Lighthouse, ICRC-CORDEX 2023 , WCRP Hubs (My Climate Risk, Safe Landing Climates. 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Our workshop on "Leveraging Climate Research and Modeling for Action in the Indo-Pacific region", hosted by MCR IITM MCR Hub was focused on the importance of climate research and modeling in driving actionable insights for the Indo-Pacific region. The main aim- to learn how research can inform climate-related decisions and actions.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
URL https://www.wcrp-climate.org/news/wcrp-news/2059-mcr-iitm-climate-research-webinar-cordex
 
Description Invited talk in Nanjing, China (Dec 2023) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact This event was an SEG workshop entitled "Rock Physics and Geofluid Detection", that took place in Nanjing, China, on the 9-10th Dec 2023.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
URL https://dxy.hhu.edu.cn/en/2023/1219/c10164a269718/page.htm
 
Description Invited talk in Trondheim, Norway (8-9th May 2023) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact Invited talk given by the PI (IHFS) in Trondheim, Norway (May 2023), for the annual 2-days seminar of the (NTNU) Research Council and industry funded project entitled GAMES, where the G represents geophysics and the M has to do with Mathematics - The project is led by Martin Landrø. The event includes presentations by the local PhD students and professors involved, plus a few invited external speakers
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
 
Description Lecture at the University of Sao Paulo, Brazil (3rd March 2023) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact Lecture given by IHFS (the PI) at the University of Sao Paulo as a result of the PI visiting Brazil for field trip and (FAPESP-EHMPRES) project meeting. The talk was entitled: "Underground gas (H2, CO2) StorageEngineering-based solutions contributing towards a net-zero carbon society"
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
 
Description Lecture at the University of Turin, Italy (18th July 2023) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Undergraduate students
Results and Impact Lecture given by the PI (IHFS) at the Engineering School, University of Turin (Italy) to promote gas storage research among the student community
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
URL https://www.polito.it/en/polito/communication-and-press-office/events/news?idn=21233
 
Description NOC Open Day 2024 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact We exhibited the exciting world of submarine vulcanism with real examples and games to engage the general audience.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2024
URL https://noc.ac.uk/education/open-days
 
Description Oral presentation at the University of Lausanne (5th March 2024) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact Oral presentation given by the PI (IHFS) during the Minisymposium on Poroelasticity and Rock Physics 2024
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2024
URL https://rockphysics.org/en/minisymposium
 
Description Oral presentation in the 7th international Workshop in Rock Physics (7iWRP), Pau, France, June 2024 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact The IWRP is a biannual event aiming at meeting the best rock physicists in the world to discuss both fundamental and specific research areas of rock physics and rock mechanics. This was the 7th edition with over 80 attendees from all over the world, including people from academia and industry.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2024
URL https://sites.google.com/view/7iwrp
 
Description Presentation / Panel discussion at UNFCCC COP29 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Side event at UNFCCC COP29 on polar oceans - triple threats to polar oceans
Side event at UNFCCC COP29 on mCDR - panel discussion
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2024
 
Description Socio-Oceanography 2023, 2024, 2025 (Science - Policy dialog/forum) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Socio-Oceanography Workshops are an annual national workshop series that facilitates collaboration between marine social and natural scientists and addresses challenges facing marine environment.

Socio-Oceanography workshops aim to generate interdisciplinary outputs such as opinion papers, funding proposals, policy briefs and innovative multidisciplinary forms of communication. By bringing together experts from different disciplines, policy makers and practitioners, Socio-Oceanography Workshops promote interdisciplinary research and the integration of social and natural science perspectives in the study of the marine environment.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023,2024,2025
URL https://projects.noc.ac.uk/socio-oceanography/workshops
 
Description Wepal-Quasimeme Workshop on Quality Assurance for inorganic carbon system measurements in context of monitoring for ocean acidification and marine carbon dioxide removal technologies 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Co-organiser and presenter at the workshop.
8 years after the first Wepal-Quasimeme Ocean Acidification (OA) workshop in Southampton and after 3 years of the AQ15 Wepal-Quasimeme intercalibration exercise, it's time to bring the Ocean Acidification community back together. We also welcome the growing marine carbon dioxide community (mCDR), who are interested in monitoring (MRV) mCDR technologies. Many of the methodologies, instrumentation, developments and quality control overlap between these issues. The first OSPAR QSR on OA was published in 2023 but there is still, more than ever before, a need for high quality data (TA, DIC, pH, pCO2) to strengthen all scientific output on OA. OSPAR, as well as other international initiatives such as ICOS, GOA-ON and AMAP, indicate that strong international collaborative monitoring programmes on OA need to continue, to facilitate meaningful data gathering, collation and assessment. A consistent approach to sampling, sample pre-treatment, analysis, quality control, validation of methods, calculation of derived variables and an understanding of methodological limitations is required; methods should be fit for purpose. Many monitoring agencies, with varying levels of experience, are analysing samples for carbonate chemistry parameter on different types of instruments but also using new techniques, as more sensors are installed on buoys or ships, or more automated analysers are set up. There's still a gap in availability of CRMs, standards, buffers for quality control and calibrations when analysing marine samples. Worldwide, Scripps reference materials are used for QC or calibration for total alkalinity (TA), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and pH analysis without having a separate way of ensuring that their measurement system is in control and has a calibration with known linearity. Thus, even when reference materials are used, there are likely to be unidentified uncertainties showing up on a well-designed proficiency study like the QUASIMEME AQ15.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2025
 
Description Workshop organization - NOC, Southampton, UK (12th May 2023) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Workshop organized in the NOC to discuss the present and the future of the underground gas storage, from a multiscale and multi-disciplinary viewpoint, internationally. We shared opinions from industry and academia to explore crucial areas of investigation and potential collaborations to efficiently contribute to achieve the energy transition objectives. In the workshop we counted with the presence of stakeholders (oil and gas majors: ENI, BP), professors from University of Southampton, University of Sao Paulo, and the NOC.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023