DiRAC: Memory Intensive 2.5y
Lead Research Organisation:
Durham University
Department Name: Physics
Abstract
Physicists across the astronomy, nuclear and particle physics communities are focussed on understanding how the Universe works at a very fundamental level. The distance scales with which they work vary by 50 orders of magnitude from the smallest distances probed by experiments at the Large Hadron Collider, deep within the atomic nucleus, to the largest scale galaxy clusters discovered out in space. The Science challenges, however, are linked through questions such as: How did the Universe begin and how is it evolving? and What are the fundamental constituents and fabric of the Universe and how do they interact?
Progress requires new astronomical observations and experimental data but also new theoretical insights. Theoretical understanding comes increasingly from large-scale computations that allow us to confront the consequences of our theories very accurately with the data or allow us to interrogate the data in detail to extract information that has impact on our theories. These computations test the fastest computers that we have and push the boundaries of technology in this sector. They also provide an excellent environment for training students in state-of-the-art techniques for code optimisation and data mining and visualisation.
The DiRAC2 HPC facility has been operating since 2012, providing computing resources for theoretical research in all areas of particle physics, astronomy, cosmology and nuclear physics supported by STFC. It is a highly productive facility, generating 200-250 papers annually in international, peer-reviewed journals. However, the DiRAC facility risks becoming uncompetitive as it has remained static in terms of overall capability since 2012. The DiRAC-2.5x investment in 2017/18 mitigated the risk of hardware failures, by replacing our oldest hardware components. However, as the factor 5 oversubscription of the most recent RAC call demonstrated, the science programme in 2019/20 and beyond requires a significant uplift in DiRAC's compute capability. The main purpose of the requested funding for the DiRAC2.5y project is to provide a factor 2 increase in computing across all DiRAC services to enable the facility to remain competitive during 2019/20 in anticipation of future funding for DiRAC-3.
DiRAC2.5y builds on the success of the DiRAC HPC facility and will provide the resources needed to support cutting-edge research during 2019 in all areas of science supported by STFC. While the funding is required to remain competitive, the science programme will continue to be world-leading. Examples of the projects which will benefit from this investment include:
(i) lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) calculations of the properties of fundamental particles from first principles;
(ii) improving the potential of experiments at CERN's Large Hadron Collider for discovery of new physics by increasing the accuracy of theoretical predictions for rare processes involving the fundamental constituents of matter known as quarks;
(iii) simulations of the merger of pairs of black holes and which generate gravitational waves such as those recently discovered by the LIGO consortium;
(iv) the most realistic simulations to date of the formation and evolution of galaxies in the Universe;
(v) the accretion of gas onto supermassive black holes, the most efficient means of extracting energy from matter and the engine which drives galaxy evolution; (vi) new models of our own Milky Way galaxy calibrated using new data from the European Space Agency's GAIA satellite; (vii) detailed simulations of the interior of the sun and of planetary interiors; (viii) the formation of stars in clusters - for the first time it will be possible to follow the formation of massive stars.
Progress requires new astronomical observations and experimental data but also new theoretical insights. Theoretical understanding comes increasingly from large-scale computations that allow us to confront the consequences of our theories very accurately with the data or allow us to interrogate the data in detail to extract information that has impact on our theories. These computations test the fastest computers that we have and push the boundaries of technology in this sector. They also provide an excellent environment for training students in state-of-the-art techniques for code optimisation and data mining and visualisation.
The DiRAC2 HPC facility has been operating since 2012, providing computing resources for theoretical research in all areas of particle physics, astronomy, cosmology and nuclear physics supported by STFC. It is a highly productive facility, generating 200-250 papers annually in international, peer-reviewed journals. However, the DiRAC facility risks becoming uncompetitive as it has remained static in terms of overall capability since 2012. The DiRAC-2.5x investment in 2017/18 mitigated the risk of hardware failures, by replacing our oldest hardware components. However, as the factor 5 oversubscription of the most recent RAC call demonstrated, the science programme in 2019/20 and beyond requires a significant uplift in DiRAC's compute capability. The main purpose of the requested funding for the DiRAC2.5y project is to provide a factor 2 increase in computing across all DiRAC services to enable the facility to remain competitive during 2019/20 in anticipation of future funding for DiRAC-3.
DiRAC2.5y builds on the success of the DiRAC HPC facility and will provide the resources needed to support cutting-edge research during 2019 in all areas of science supported by STFC. While the funding is required to remain competitive, the science programme will continue to be world-leading. Examples of the projects which will benefit from this investment include:
(i) lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) calculations of the properties of fundamental particles from first principles;
(ii) improving the potential of experiments at CERN's Large Hadron Collider for discovery of new physics by increasing the accuracy of theoretical predictions for rare processes involving the fundamental constituents of matter known as quarks;
(iii) simulations of the merger of pairs of black holes and which generate gravitational waves such as those recently discovered by the LIGO consortium;
(iv) the most realistic simulations to date of the formation and evolution of galaxies in the Universe;
(v) the accretion of gas onto supermassive black holes, the most efficient means of extracting energy from matter and the engine which drives galaxy evolution; (vi) new models of our own Milky Way galaxy calibrated using new data from the European Space Agency's GAIA satellite; (vii) detailed simulations of the interior of the sun and of planetary interiors; (viii) the formation of stars in clusters - for the first time it will be possible to follow the formation of massive stars.
Planned Impact
The anticipated impact of the DiRAC2.5y HPC facility aligns closely with the recently published UK Industrial Strategy. As such, many of our key impacts will be driven by our engagements with industry. Each service provider for DiRAC2.5y has a local industrial strategy to deliver increased levels of industrial returns over the next three years. The "Pathways to impact" document which is attached to the lead (Leicester) proposal describes the overall industrial strategy for the DiRAC facility, including our strategic goals and key performance indicators.
Organisations
Publications
Huško F
(2023)
The complex interplay of AGN jet-inflated bubbles and the intracluster medium
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Kukstas E
(2023)
GOGREEN: A critical assessment of environmental trends in cosmological hydrodynamical simulations at z ˜ 1
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Pearce F
(2020)
Hydrostatic mass estimates of massive galaxy clusters: a study with varying hydrodynamics flavours and non-thermal pressure support
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Haworth T
(2021)
Warm millimetre dust in protoplanetary discs near massive stars
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Moews B
(2021)
Hybrid analytic and machine-learned baryonic property insertion into galactic dark matter haloes
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Dillamore A
(2022)
Merger-induced galaxy transformations in the artemis simulations
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Hoy C
(2024)
bilby in space: Bayesian inference for transient gravitational-wave signals observed with LISA
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Benitez-Llambay A
(2020)
The detailed structure and the onset of galaxy formation in low-mass gaseous dark matter haloes
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Yankelevich V
(2023)
The halo bispectrum as a sensitive probe of massive neutrinos and baryon physics
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Thomas N
(2021)
The radio galaxy population in the simba simulations
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Wijers N
(2019)
The abundance and physical properties of O vii and O viii X-ray absorption systems in the EAGLE simulations
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Dai Z
(2024)
Physics-informed neural networks in the recreation of hydrodynamic simulations from dark matter
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Ganeshaiah Veena P
(2021)
Cosmic Ballet III: Halo spin evolution in the cosmic web
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Huško F
(2023)
Active galactic nuclei jets simulated with smoothed particle hydrodynamics
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Choustikov N
(2024)
The great escape: understanding the connection between Ly a emission and LyC escape in simulated JWST analogues
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Pfeifer S
(2020)
The BAHAMAS project: effects of dynamical dark energy on large-scale structure
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Zhang H
(2022)
Spherical accretion of collisional gas in modified gravity I: self-similar solutions and a new cosmological hydrodynamical code
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Ahad S
(2024)
An environment-dependent halo mass function as a driver for the early quenching of z = 1.5 cluster galaxies
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Manera M
(2021)
Obtaining nonlinear galaxy bias constraints from galaxy-lensing phase differences
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Rey M
(2024)
Boosting galactic outflows with enhanced resolution
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Gunawardhana M
(2020)
Stellar populations and physical properties of starbursts in the antennae galaxy from self-consistent modelling of MUSE spectra
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Arnold C
(2019)
Simulating galaxy formation in f(R) modified gravity: matter, halo, and galaxy statistics
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Van Daalen M
(2020)
Exploring the effects of galaxy formation on matter clustering through a library of simulation power spectra
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Irodotou D
(2021)
Using angular momentum maps to detect kinematically distinct galactic components
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Orkney M
(2021)
EDGE: two routes to dark matter core formation in ultra-faint dwarfs
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Pan H
(2020)
Multiwavelength consensus of large-scale linear bias
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Pizzati E
(2024)
A unified model for the clustering of quasars and galaxies at z ˜ 6
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Gaikwad P
(2021)
A consistent and robust measurement of the thermal state of the IGM at 2 = z = 4 from a large sample of Ly a forest spectra: evidence for late and rapid He ii reionization
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Mitchell P
(2022)
Baryonic mass budgets for haloes in the eagle simulation, including ejected and prevented gas
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Barrera-Hinojosa C
(2021)
Vector modes in ?CDM: the gravitomagnetic potential in dark matter haloes from relativistic N -body simulations
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Van Loon M
(2021)
Explaining the scatter in the galaxy mass-metallicity relation with gas flows
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Oleskiewicz P
(2019)
The connection between halo concentrations and assembly histories: a probe of gravity?
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Wijers N
(2022)
The warm-hot circumgalactic medium around EAGLE-simulation galaxies and its detection prospects with X-ray-line emission
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Zenocratti L
(2022)
The origin of correlations between mass, metallicity, and morphology in galaxies from the eagle simulation
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Desmond H
(2023)
On the functional form of the radial acceleration relation
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Zovaro H
(2022)
Revisiting the giant radio galaxy ESO 422-G028 - I. Discovery of a neutral inflow and recent star formation in a restarted giant
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Sorini D
(2020)
simba: the average properties of the circumgalactic medium of 2 = z = 3 quasars are determined primarily by stellar feedback
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Roper F
(2023)
The diversity of rotation curves of simulated galaxies with cusps and cores
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Dong-Páez C
(2024)
The Uchuu-SDSS galaxy light-cones: a clustering, redshift space distortion and baryonic acoustic oscillation study
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Sormani M
(2019)
The geometry of the gas surrounding the Central Molecular Zone: on the origin of localized molecular clouds with extreme velocity dispersions
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Prole L
(2022)
Primordial magnetic fields in Population III star formation: a magnetized resolution study
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Ansarinejad B
(2023)
VST ATLAS galaxy cluster catalogue I: cluster detection and mass calibration
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Manzoni G
(2024)
The PAU Survey: a new constraint on galaxy formation models using the observed colour redshift relation
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Beckett A
(2021)
The relationship between gas and galaxies at z < 1 using the Q0107 quasar triplet
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Yang H
(2024)
apostle-auriga : effects of stellar feedback subgrid models on the evolution of angular momentum in disc galaxies
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Towler I
(2023)
Gas clumping and its effect on hydrostatic bias in the MACSIS simulations
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Lim S
(2024)
The FLAMINGO simulation view of cluster progenitors observed in the epoch of reionization with JWST
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Brown S
(2024)
ARTEMIS emulator: exploring the effect of cosmology and galaxy formation physics on Milky Way-mass haloes and their satellites
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Deason A
(2023)
Unravelling the mass spectrum of destroyed dwarf galaxies with the metallicity distribution function
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Ryczanowski D
(2020)
What does strong gravitational lensing? The mass and redshift distribution of high-magnification lenses
in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society