Antimicrobial Resistance in Conflict - Mixed Methods Analysis of the MENA Region
Lead Research Organisation:
King's College London
Department Name: War Studies
Abstract
My proposed doctoral thesis interrogates the interface
between antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and conflict. AMR is a
growing challenge across health systems globally. The Chief
Medical Officer has declared that antimicrobial resistance is
the greatest medical challenge of the 21st century. Conflict
is suggested as a driver of resistance patterns due to
biological and social pressures including flight of medical
staff, attacks on healthcare, heavy metal pollution and
population migration. With no robust studies in conflict
regions, there are important gaps in the understanding of
distribution and association with dynamics of conflict such as
geography, weaponry, intensity of violence and the nature of
wounds acquired in conflict.
Existing narrow policy framings of AMR reflect a phenomenon
poorly translated across non-medical policy domains. The
narratives of securitisation and biosurveillance dominate
much of the public and political discourse surrounding AMR.
Political doctrines charting the longstanding stigmatisation of
migrants have been further cemented through the adoption
of discourses that employ medical concerns as central to
appreciating the "threat" posed by displaced peoples fleeing
conflict. Identifying how the stigmatisation of populations has
emerged from security narratives connects this issue to
wider work on communicable diseases, and provides a lens
with which to interrogate the social production of AMR as a
'threat' to the global system. Using the lens of complex
adaptive systems, a novel and illuminative model for AMR in
conflict can be established
between antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and conflict. AMR is a
growing challenge across health systems globally. The Chief
Medical Officer has declared that antimicrobial resistance is
the greatest medical challenge of the 21st century. Conflict
is suggested as a driver of resistance patterns due to
biological and social pressures including flight of medical
staff, attacks on healthcare, heavy metal pollution and
population migration. With no robust studies in conflict
regions, there are important gaps in the understanding of
distribution and association with dynamics of conflict such as
geography, weaponry, intensity of violence and the nature of
wounds acquired in conflict.
Existing narrow policy framings of AMR reflect a phenomenon
poorly translated across non-medical policy domains. The
narratives of securitisation and biosurveillance dominate
much of the public and political discourse surrounding AMR.
Political doctrines charting the longstanding stigmatisation of
migrants have been further cemented through the adoption
of discourses that employ medical concerns as central to
appreciating the "threat" posed by displaced peoples fleeing
conflict. Identifying how the stigmatisation of populations has
emerged from security narratives connects this issue to
wider work on communicable diseases, and provides a lens
with which to interrogate the social production of AMR as a
'threat' to the global system. Using the lens of complex
adaptive systems, a novel and illuminative model for AMR in
conflict can be established
Publications
Bernard R
(2020)
COVID-19 and the Rise of Participatory SIGINT: An Examination of the Rise in Government Surveillance Through Mobile Applications.
in American journal of public health
Bowsher G
(2021)
eHealth for service delivery in conflict: a narrative review of the application of eHealth technologies in contemporary conflict settings.
in Health policy and planning
Bowsher G
(2020)
A Health Intelligence Framework for Pandemic Response: Lessons from the UK Experience of COVID-19.
in Health security
Bernard R
(2021)
Disinformation and Epidemics: Anticipating the Next Phase of Biowarfare.
in Health security
Bowsher G
(2021)
Building Resilient Health Systems Intelligence: Adapting Indicators of Compromise for the Cyber-Bionexus.
in Health security
Baatz RK
(2022)
Cross-border strategies for access to healthcare in violent conflict - A scoping review.
in Journal of migration and health
Ekzayez A
(2022)
Health research in the Syrian conflict: opportunities for equitable and multidisciplinary collaboration.
in Journal of public health (Oxford, England)
Bowsher G
(2021)
Veterinary intelligence: integrating zoonotic threats into global health security
in Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine
Bowsher G
(2021)
Why we need an intelligence-led approach to pandemics: supporting science and public health during COVID-19 and beyond.
in Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine
Studentship Projects
Project Reference | Relationship | Related To | Start | End | Student Name |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ES/P000703/1 | 30/09/2017 | 29/09/2028 | |||
2293540 | Studentship | ES/P000703/1 | 30/09/2019 | 29/09/2025 | Gemma Bowsher |
Description | Major findings relate to health emergency response measures - showing that in NW Syria and more widely, agile bio-emergency response requires sensitised measures to local communities, structured information and communication programmes and effective health intelligence measures. These finds are specific to the location, and generalisable through expanded study into global networks. |
Exploitation Route | My work is already being put to use by a range of organisations such as national governments (USA, Canada, Australia), private sector organisations (eg. GlaxoSmithKline) and civil society groups in the arts and sciences. Working in health emergency response has meant that my findings could be used in a time critical manner as they emerge during various phases of the COVID-19 and subsequent health and biological crises. This is likely to remain the case as interest in my work continues to be maintained. |
Sectors | Aerospace Defence and Marine Healthcare Government Democracy and Justice Security and Diplomacy |
Description | My findings are being used to support a number of non-academic initiatives: 1. The Bioweapons Disinformation monitor - https://www.bioweaponsdisinformationmonitor.com This is an initiative funded by the Canadian Government which focuses on countering biological disinformation and supports the norms of the Biological Weapons Convention. This project was targeted to support efforts countering malign Russian narratives following the invasion of Ukraine and were circulated widely amongst diplomatic networks. 2. My work is being into part of an art exhibition as part of the LIFT Festival which takes place in London and Taiwan (planned for 2024). This is part of a project imagining new versions of biological futures. |
First Year Of Impact | 2020 |
Sector | Aerospace, Defence and Marine,Creative Economy,Healthcare,Government, Democracy and Justice,Security and Diplomacy |
Impact Types | Cultural Societal Policy & public services |
Description | One Health in Complex Settings |
Organisation | University College London |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | I have collaborated with a researcher from UCL on a project titled "One Health in Complex Settings" which explores intersecting health threats in settings experiencing conflict, criminality and displacement. This has been funded by a CAPE fund award. |
Collaborator Contribution | Project design and execution across involving groups across UK government, civil society and health sector. |
Impact | Awaiting outputs |
Start Year | 2022 |