Coronavirus Discourses: Linguistic Evidence For Effective Public Health Messaging

Lead Research Organisation: University of Nottingham
Department Name: School of English

Abstract

Developed in partnership with Public Health England, Public Health Wales and NHS Education for Scotland, this bid addresses key challenges that the coronavirus pandemic presents in relation to understanding the flow and impact of public health messages as reflected in public and private discourses. Our collaborators above who are charged with constructing effective public health messages have identified two particular challenges: messaging around geographical borders (e.g. between England and Wales, and in local lockdowns) and messaging aimed at BAME populations. These areas will be the focus of our research, and we will deliver benefits to our collaborators in the form of initial analytical results and discussion from month 2 onwards.
As human behaviour is shaped by the reception and production of discourse, and by the reasoning about different sources of information, we propose a new approach to track the trajectories of public health messages once they are released to the public. Moving beyond corpus linguistic approaches that focus on language production, we will investigate the complex relationship between the production and the reception of discourses relating to specific types of public health messages, focusing on linguistic patterns (in particular modality and stance markers). Drawing on our track record in the construction and analysis of heterogenous corpora and our ongoing work on privacy enhancing technologies, we propose to carry out the first large scale analysis of the trajectories of public health messages relating to the coronavirus pandemic in the UK.
 
Description The Coronavirus Discourses project addressed key challenges presented by the Coronavirus pandemic in relation to understanding the flow and impact of public health messages in public and private communications. The project used a linguistic approach to examine the reception, persuasiveness, and inclusivity of Coronavirus public health messaging. Feedback was provided to public health agencies (UK Health Security Agency, Public Health Wales, and NHS Education for Scotland) in real time as the pandemic progressed.

The research found that a tailored approach to public health messaging is most effective. Messaging should acknowledge individual differences, the social values of different communities, and audience diversity. Age was the most important indicator of compliance with health messaging.

Overall, messaging that encourages personal responsibility without promoting guilt or fear as motivations for compliance with health measures are most engaging. Community-specific engagement at all stages of the conception, design, and evaluation of a messaging campaign is essential for gathering feedback in real time. We developed a set of guiding principles for carrying out linguistic research in a way that preserves the privacy of those contributing the data.
A linguistic approach ensures that feedback can be gathered efficiently on a scale that is meaningful for public health agencies and collaborative partnerships with the public will increase trust in the message source and improve the accessibility and effectiveness of public health messaging. A set of guidelines for message writers is available on the project website https://c19comms.wp.horizon.ac.uk
Exploitation Route Healthcare (message writers): A set of guidelines for message writers contains the full findings and recommendations for public health message development has been shared with project partners and their networks. Implementation of these findings can be taken forward in the development of future public health messaging to support positive health outcomes for different communities (through the promotion of health seeking behaviours etc.). These guidelines will also be made more widely available via our project website: https://c19comms.wp.horizon.ac.uk
Software/academic: The browser plug-in for privacy preserving corpus linguistics is available online (https://github.com/horizon-institute/PriPA) and is being developed for further research into privacy-preserving detection of online misinformation by academics at the University of Nottingham. This can also be accessed and developed by software engineers.
Academic: Partnerships developed through this award have been taken forward into new health communications research and new partnerships have been developed as part of a larger grant application for a Centre for Inclusive Health Communication (overall 22 public, private and third sector partners)
Sectors Communities and Social Services/Policy

Digital/Communication/Information Technologies (including Software)

Healthcare

URL https://c19comms.wp.horizon.ac.uk
 
Description We have used our research to inform the evaluation of a pan-London immunisation campaign developed by NHS England, working in partnership with UKHSA. We have further demonstrated our approaches developed as part of this grant to analyse free text responses of a maternity services survey carried out by the Patient Information Forum (PIF).
First Year Of Impact 2023
Sector Healthcare
Impact Types Societal

 
Description Menstrual Health Discourses
Amount £12,386 (GBP)
Organisation University of Nottingham 
Sector Academic/University
Country United Kingdom
Start 03/2022 
End 06/2022
 
Title PriPA 
Description The PriPA (Privacy Preserving Analytics) Extension is a digital tool designed for anyone to use on their personal computer. It safely retrieves information about individual language use for analysis. The advantage of this browser extension is that users have full control over what information they want to share. Research carried out on the Coronavirus Discourses project using the PriPA extension will improve understanding of the trajectories of public health messages. Our work will further inform our investigation of the reception and evaluation of public health messaging and related measures which are of key concerns to our project partners Public Health England, Public Health Wales, and NHS Education for Scotland. In the future, the PriPA extension can be used as the basis for other studies investigating a whole range of topics that would benefit from gathering insights from browsing activities and private communications in a privacy-preserving way. 
Type Of Technology Webtool/Application 
Year Produced 2021 
Open Source License? Yes  
Impact In the future, the PriPA extension can be used as the basis for other studies investigating a whole range of topics that would benefit from gathering insights from browsing activities and private communications in a privacy-preserving way. 
URL https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/pripa-extension/kcccmdfllakdocilcmbaldgmmniapmgc
 
Description 'Scaremongering' or 'selfish'? Exploring the reception of public health messaging during the coronavirus pandemic in the UK 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Other audiences
Results and Impact Presentation at the British Association for Applied Linguistics (BAAL) Conference, Belfast 2023 delivered by Emma McClaughlin. The audience were interested in our approach and findings and approached with further questions following the usual Q&A session. Feedback was posted on the Discourses of Dementia blog at Lancaster University following the conference: https://wp.lancs.ac.uk/public-discourses-of-dementia/2022/09/22/what-matters-in-applied-linguistics-and-who-determines-what-matters/
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
 
Description 4th International Symposium on Applied Linguistics Research. Approaches to researching the reception of public health messaging: Lessons from the Coronavirus pandemic. 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact McClaughlin, E. (2023, 4-5 November). Approaches to researching the reception of public health messaging: Lessons from the Coronavirus pandemic. 4th International Symposium on Applied Linguistics Research, Prince Sultan University Saudi Arabia. [Invited speaker].

Feedback from the Dean, College of Humanities and Science: 'On behalf of the Applied Linguistics Research Lab (ALLAB) at the College of Humanities and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, I extend sincere thanks and appreciation for your kind participation in the 4th International Symposium on Applied Linguistics Research (ALR2023), which was organized by ALLAB on Saturday and Sunday, November 4-5, 2023. Your talk entitled "Approaches to Researching the Reception of Public Health Messaging: Lessons from the Coronavirus Pandemic" was extremely informative, enlightening, and inspiring, and was thus very well-received by the audience. Indeed, the speech constituted a valuable addition to the symposium. I thank you once more for your distinctive contribution to the ALR2023 success and look forward to further collaboration in the near future.'

Report of the event published in language teaching summarises the talk: doi:10.1017/S0261444823000460 'Next was a talk by Dr. Emma McClaughlin (University of Nottingham, UK), where insights from a study of UK Coronavirus messaging were discussed, underlining the value of responsible research approaches to practitioners communicating health threats to the public.'
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
 
Description Advances in Privacy-Preserving Analysis of Online Communication Data for Health Message Designers: Coronavirus Discourses in the UK (July 2022) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Nichele, E., Adolphs, S., Knight, D., McClaughlin, E., Clos, J., McAuley, D., Barnard, P., & Lang, A. Advances in Privacy-Preserving Analysis of Online Communication Data for Health Message Designers: Coronavirus Discourses in the UK. Presented at the 20th International and Interdisciplinary Conference on Communication, Medicine and Ethics (COMET 2022). Online from The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China. 15th July 2022. The presentation was delivered by Elena Nichele, who received positive feedback after the presentation. One message said: "I'm really interested in seeing the results you referred to around what type of messages provoke what type of responses. On the ground, I construct health messaging and would really like to use what you've learned in your research and apply it in my messaging." Another attendee wrote: "I am very excited to hear what the Notts team is doing". Several attendees asked for the project website, as they were interested in reading outputs.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
 
Description Advances in Privacy-Preserving Analysis of Online Communication Data for Health Message Designers: Coronavirus Discourses in the UK. 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Nichele, E., Adolphs, S., Knight, D., McClaughlin, E., Clos, J., McAuley, D., Barnard, P., & Lang, A. Advances in Privacy-Preserving Analysis of Online Communication Data for Health Message Designers: Coronavirus Discourses in the UK. Presented at the 20th International and Interdisciplinary Conference on Communication, Medicine and Ethics (COMET 2022). Online from The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China. 15th July 2022.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://www.polyu.edu.hk/engl/event/COMET2022/index/
 
Description Applied Linguistics for Hearing Aid Research and Development (Sonova) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact Talk delivered to Sonova: Applied Linguistics for Hearing Aid Research and Development.
Discussion centred on on how the approach can contribute to ameliorate hearing impairment and health care. Focus on 3 main applications: assessment of hearing loss; health literacy, hearing loss and hearing aids use; and collecting and managing customer feedback in a transparent and privacy preserving manner, and facilitating processing optimisation.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
 
Description Borders in coronavirus discourses: feedback on UK public health messages from readers of online news presentation (March 2022) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Other audiences
Results and Impact McClaughlin, E., Adolphs, S., Knight, D., Nichele, E., Barnard, P., Clos, J., Lang, A., & McAuley, D. Borders in coronavirus discourses: feedback on UK public health messages from readers of online news. Presented at the American Association for Applied Linguistics Conference. Pittsburgh, USA. 22nd March 2022. Interest has been shown by a few attendees who asked questions both in the Q&A session and after the talk.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
 
Description Borders in coronavirus discourses: feedback on UK public health messages from readers of online news. 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact McClaughlin, E., Adolphs, S., Knight, D., Nichele, E., Barnard, P., Clos, J., Lang, A., & McAuley, D. Borders in coronavirus discourses: feedback on UK public health messages from readers of online news. Presented at the American Association for Applied Linguistics Conference. Pittsburgh, USA. 22nd March 2022.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://www.aaal.org/events/2022-aaal-conference
 
Description C19Comms Twitter account 
Form Of Engagement Activity Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact C19Comms Twitter account, which has over 60 followers actively engaging with the content posted.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://t.co/B8QXT2OFx6
 
Description C19Comms website 
Form Of Engagement Activity Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact C19Comms Coronavirus Discourses project website, which has been asked about by several conference attendees (at the different events, where team members presented) as a source of further information about the project.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://c19comms.wp.horizon.ac.uk/
 
Description Coronavirus Discourses Advisory Group 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact An Advisory Group was selected at the beginning of the project and has continued to input to the design of studies and activity.

Group members reported increased recognition of points raised during meetings and contributed towards plans future activity. Some members showed an interest in joining other PIP groups/new projects.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://www.horizon.ac.uk/project/coronavirus-discourses-linguistic-evidence-for-effective-public-he...
 
Description Coronavirus Discourses final blog 
Form Of Engagement Activity Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact The blog provided an overview of the project and included information on findings
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://www.horizon.ac.uk/coronavirus-discourses-evaluation-event-and-final-blog/
 
Description Coronavirus Discourses: linguistic evidence for effective public health messaging 
Form Of Engagement Activity Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact A project website was created to support raising awareness and dissemination activity. Other outputs (Reports) form this project have been published on the website to make them freely available to a wide audience.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://c19comms.wp.horizon.ac.uk/
 
Description Corpus Linguistics for Healthcare Communications. Thrive Agency, 18th November 2021. Interactive workshop for professionals. 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Corpus Linguistics for Healthcare Communications. Thrive Agency, 18th November 2021. Interactive workshop for professionals.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
 
Description Corpus applications in Healthcare Settings. Public Health Wales, 1st December 2021. Training session for professionals. 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Corpus applications in Healthcare Settings. Public Health Wales, 1st December 2021. Training session for professionals.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
 
Description Corpus linguistics optimised management of community feedback -- Patient Information Forum maternity survey demo 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Corpus linguistics optimised management of community feedback. Presentation demonstrating the value of a corpus-assisted discourse analytical approach to analysis of open text responses to a survey on maternity healthcare experiences for Patient Information Forum (PIF), the UK membership organisation and network for people working in health information and support. PIF also run the only UK-wide quality mark for health information - the PIF TICK. Presenters Emma McClaughlin, Sara Vilar-Lluch, Svenja Adolphs

The slides have subsequently been presented by the Director of PIF (Sophie Randall) at PIF training and events.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
 
Description Health Inequalities and Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic Populations: Insights from the Coronavirus Discourses Project (September 2021) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact McClaughlin, E., Nichele, E., Adolphs, S., Barnard, P., Clos, J., Knight, D., McAuley, D., & Lang, A. Health Inequalities and Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic Populations: Insights from the Coronavirus Discourses Project. Presented at the Public Health Wales Research and Evaluation Conference 2021. Online. 23rd September 2021. The presented poster was awarded the "Best use of innovative methods Prize".
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
 
Description Live workshop - Coronavirus Discourses:  linguistic evidence for effective  public health messaging 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Other audiences
Results and Impact Knowledge-exchange workshop: Pandemic and Beyond - Public Health, Communication and Healthcare
Presentation delivered at the Public Health, Communication and Healthcare Knowledge Exchange workshop held by the Pandemic and Beyond project at Exeter University (bringing together 72 Covid-19 AHRC projects under the same umbrella). We presented an overview of the Coronavirus Discourses project during the workshop which was an opportunity to connect with other AHRC Covid-19 research teams working in adjacent areas. The workshop facilitated knowledge exchange and collaboration between teams, leading to strengthened communication and impact strategies that will benefit individual project teams as well as ultimately boosting the profile of Arts and Humanities research, and its vital role in Covid-19 response and recovery.
This workshop brought together projects from two subgroups - Media, Communication and Public Health Messaging, and Healthcare and Managing Covid-19. Projects within the first group had strong connections in a focus on public health messaging, journalism, and the media, and were connected by an interest in how information and misinformation about the pandemic is spread. There was also a strong interest in communication in the second group, especially between healthcare services and those who use them.  Projects in this group have strong links in a focus on design, and on examining issues impacting healthcare professionals and the NHS. Information about the projects in the group can be found below. In this workshop, we had the opportunity to present our project and hear about other related projects; think about and share strategies for effective ways of engaging with different communities and stakeholders to effect change and create impact; think about and share strategies for effective, innovative and creative ways of communicating research; informally connect and network with other researchers; and feedback and provide input into the ongoing work of the Pandemic and Beyond team.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
 
Description Pepi Barnard, Research Associate presentation at AAAL2022 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Pepi attended the American Association of Applied Linguistics conference (AAAL2022) in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania whilst on a networking tour of USA promoting the work of both Horizon and the TAS Hub. She presented a paper on March 21st for the Coronavirus Discourses project (C19COMMS). The paper, titled "Public Health Messaging for At-risk Populations: a UK-based case study", was very well received and her talk generated a great deal of discussion and interest from other researchers, including interest to collaborate in the future.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://www.aaal.org/events/2022-aaal-conference
 
Description Personalisation of Health Information presentation at Patient Information Forum member webinar 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Personalisation of Health Information: Using AI to personalise the language used in health information contexts to meet the needs and preferences of different audiences
Talk delivered to attendees of Patient Information Forum's (PIF) Personalisation of Health Information (Patient Information Forum) member webinar: AI in Health information. Over 100 of PIF's member organisations attended.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
 
Description Presentation reported in Public Discourses of Dementia Blog 
Form Of Engagement Activity Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Other audiences
Results and Impact Write-up by audience member in attendance at Emma McClaughlin's conference presentation at the British Association of Applied Linguistics Conference, Belfast 2022. Published by Lancaster University, Discourses of Dementia blog
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://wp.lancs.ac.uk/public-discourses-of-dementia/2022/09/22/what-matters-in-applied-linguistics-...
 
Description Presentation: Approaches to analysing textual data: Corpus linguistics for veterinary sciences 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Invited talk delivered to veterinarians, academics and vet students at the School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences at the University of Nottingham as part of their seminar series. The audience included veterinarians, academics, students in person and via teams link. Presentation delivered by Emma McClaughlin and Sara Vilar-Lluch.

Presentation content included corpus linguistics methods and applications, followed by Coronavirus Discourses project findings as an illustrative case study. Follow up questions included: how to apply the methods to their own data and requests for further information on findings, which were relevant to their work on tackling vaccine hesitancy in owners of companion animals. The audience were also signposted to the project website for final report (guide for message writers), academic papers and other outputs.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2024
 
Description PriPA: a tool for privacy-preserving analytics of linguistic data 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Clos, J., Adolphs, S., McClaughlin, E., Barnard, P., Nichele, E., Knight, D., & McAuley, D. PriPA: a tool for privacy-preserving analytics of linguistic data. Presented at: Legal and Ethical Issues in Human Language Technologies 2022. Marseille, France. 24th June 2022
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://legal2022.mobileds.de/
 
Description PriPA: a tool for privacy-preserving analytics of linguistic data presentation (June 2022) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Other audiences
Results and Impact Clos, J., Adolphs, S. McClaughlin, E., Barnard, P., Nichele, E., Knight, D., & McAuley, D. (2022). PriPA: a tool for privacy-preserving analytics of linguistic data. Presented at: Legal and Ethical Issues in Human Language Technologies 2022. Marseille, France. 24th June 2022. Proceedings available online shortly. A few attendees asked questions about the presentation after the talk
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
 
Description Public Health Wales Research & Evaluation Conference presentation: Developing effective communications to promote vaccination: insights from COVID-19 message production and reception. 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Vilar-Lluch, S., McClaughlin, E., Knight, D., Adolphs, S., Barnard, P., Clos, J., McAuley, D., Nichele, E., Lang, A. (2023, 7 December). Developing effective communications to promote vaccination: insights from COVID-19 message production and reception. Public Health Wales Research & Evaluation Conference. Cardiff, UK.

33 audience members present. Presentation delivered by Sara Vilar-Lluch, interactive session ran by Sara Vilar-Lluch and Emma McClaughlin. Requests for further information about developing and delivering messaging for public vaccine campaigns.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
 
Description Public Involvement Panel: Communicating Research with the Public (18th November 2021) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Public Involvement Panel: Communicating Research with the Public (18th November 2021). 14 people (PIP members and researchers) attended the meeting. They demonstrated interest in the work by getting actively involved in the discussion and asking for further information to computer scientists about the tool. Some of the PIP members also agreed to test the tool.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
 
Description Public Involvement Panel: Privacy Preserving Corpus Linguistic Analysis for COVID-19 (9th June 22) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Public Involvement Panel: Privacy Preserving Corpus Linguistic Analysis for COVID-19 (9th June 22). 14 people (PIP members and researchers) attended the meeting. They demonstrated interest in the work by asking about the recent conference presentations delivered at the American Association of Applied Linguistics. They also commented that the tool about to be designed was useful. One PIP member wrote: "This discussion has been very engaging and I have thoroughly enjoyed learning about the policy making process! :)"
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
 
Description Public Involvement Panel: Privacy-preserving technologies (27th January 2022) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Public Involvement Panel: Privacy-preserving technologies (27th January 2022). 14 people (PIP members and researchers) attended the meeting. PIP members showed interest and engagement in the work through their comments and direct involvement in the activities proposed during the meeting. This included a Jamboard activity about effective messages they said they especially enjoyed and appreciated.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
 
Description Public Involvement Panel: Public Health Messaging (27th July 2021) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Public Involvement Panel: Public Health Messaging (27th July 2021). PIP members discussed how they interpreted and how clear they found different health messages. They showed their interest by actively participating in the discussion and responding to further information requests (completing a task).
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
 
Description Public Involvement Panel:1st C19Comms (8th June 2021) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Public Involvement Panel:1st C19Comms PIP meeting (8th June 2021). 14 people (PIP members and researchers) attended the meeting. The discussion was defined enjoyable by several of the PIP members. This motivated them to take part in the following meetings. One of the PIP members wrote "very interesting and pleased to meet you all" at the conclusion of the meeting.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
 
Description Public Involvement Panel:2nd C19Comms PIP meeting (29th June 2021) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Public Involvement Panel: 2nd C19Comms PIP meeting (29th June 2021). 17 people attended the meeting (PIP members and researchers) and declared interest in being involved in the project further. One participant said that "The June report was really good as a feedback mechanism [...] I really, really liked it [...]. PIP members were interested in seeing our output and results. One PIP member wrote they had enjoyed the discussion.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
 
Description Public health messaging for at-risk populations: a UK-based case study presentation (March 2022) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Other audiences
Results and Impact Barnard, P., Adolphs, S., Knight, D., McClaughlin, E., Nichele, E., Lang, A., Clos, J., McAuley D. Public health messaging for at-risk populations: a UK-based case study. Presented at the American Association for Applied Linguistics Conference. Pittsburgh, USA. 21st March 2022. Interest has been shown by a few attendees who asked questions both in the Q&A session and after the talk.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
 
Description Public health messaging for at-risk populations: a UK-based case study. 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Barnard, P., Adolphs, S., Knight, D., McClaughlin, E., Nichele, E., Lang, A., Clos, J., & McAuley, D. Public health messaging for at-risk populations: a UK-based case study. Presented at the American Association for Applied Linguistics Conference. Pittsburgh, USA. 21st March 2022.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://www.aaal.org/events/2022-aaal-conference
 
Description UKHSA Conference presentation. Supporting pandemic preparedness through effective public health messaging: lessons from the Coronavirus pandemic. 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Adolphs, S., McClaughlin, E., Vilar-Lluch, S., Knight, D., Clos, J., Nichele, E., McAuley, D., Barnard, P., Lang, A. (2023, 15-16 November). Supporting pandemic preparedness through effective public health messaging: lessons from the Coronavirus pandemic. UK Health Security Agency Conference 2023. Presentation delivered by Svenja Adolphs.

More than 500 people present. 20 copies of the Coronavirus Discourses final report issued to audience members with a professional interest in public health communciation. Requests for future collaboration received following the conference.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
 
Description Video-recorded presentation - Community-focused approaches: linguistic evidence for effective public health messaging during the Covid-19 pandemic. 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Delivery of the presentation: Community-focused approaches: linguistic evidence for effective public health messaging during the Covid-19 pandemic. Dissemination of findings from the Coronavirus Discourse project at a dedicated research and development conference for public health professionals on the topic of 'where next for public health research?'
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://healthandcareresearchwales.org/about/events/public-health-wales-research-and-evaluation-conf...