Burning fat: an in vivo and in vitro study of the role of PPAR-delta in regulating fat metabolism in adipose tissue
Lead Research Organisation:
MRC Centre Cambridge
Department Name: MRC Human Nutrition Research
Abstract
People in the UK are getting fatter and this has consequences for both the health and wealth of the nation. Obesity increases the risk of a number of diseases including type 2 diabetes, heart disease, stroke and high blood pressure. These diseases will place an increasing burden on the National Health Service and also impair the ability of individuals to work. Central to this problem is energy balance which put basically is the difference between energy coming in as food and energy expenditure of the body. While one obvious solution is to reduce intake of high calorie foods and increase exercise in individuals, national strategies in this area have failed to halt the increase in obesity (or indeed slow the rate of increase). Furthermore, once an individual is obese it may be difficult for that person to exercise and reduce obesity. There are indications that drugs that increase the energy expenditure of the body may be used to reduce obesity and many of the risk factors for other diseases associated with obesity (e.g. insulin resistance, coronary artery disease). Several types of drugs target two proteins found in fat cells referred to as PPAR-gamma and PPAR-delta. These proteins in turn 'switch-on' genes important in either fat metabolism or fat storage. While a large amount of work has been carried out characterising PPAR-gamma, a known target for treating type II diabetes, relatively little work has been performed on PPAR-delta. This proposal sets out to investigate the role that these two receptors play in energy balance in fat cells using a combination of animal studies and in vitro cell culture. For this we will investigate the action of two drugs that target either PPAR-gamma or PPAR-delta in adipose tissue in mice and investigate how they alter the concentration of key metabolites using mass spectrometry and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, gene expression using DNA microarrays and protein content by mass spectrometry based proteomics. The data collected will then be modelled mathematically by statistics to generate hypotheses which can be pursued in cell culture based experiments. The latter approach allows us to manipulate the system more easily and hence probe mechanisms of action. This work will increase our knowledge of the mechanisms controlling energy balance in fat cells and also allow us to develop an experimental approach which could be used to understand other biochemical processes. In addition the information obtained will help better characterise a major potential drug target for obesity and associated complications.
Technical Summary
PPAR-delta is a receptor that is highly expressed in adipose tissue, and has been shown to be a potent target for the treatment of obesity. However, to date relatively little work has been carried out on this receptor compared with the other members of the PPAR family, PPAR-alpha and PPAR-gamma, both targets for current treatments of type II diabetes and aspects of the metabolic syndrome. PPAR-delta plays a major role in regulating the transition between fatty acid storage and fatty acid oxidation. Understanding the processes that allow the switch between storage and catabolism of fatty acids in adipose is one of the great challenges in understanding lipid metabolism within the body. This proposal describes a systems biology study of the action of PPAR-delta agonists in adipocytes, making use of a combined in vivo and in vitro approach using a combination of metabolomics, stable isotope analysis, transcriptomics and proteomics. The proposal will examine the metabolic consequences of administrating PPAR-delta, PPAR-gamma and PPARpan (targeting both PPAR-delta and PPAR-gamma) agonists to adipose tissue, examining both acute and chronic (two year) studies in mice using our poly-omic approach. Data fusion will be performed using a variety of multivariate statistics and the use of pathway analysis tools. Key metabolic changes will then be modelled in vitro in cell culture of 3T3-L1 cells using a combination of metabolomics, stable isotope analysis (fluxomics) and molecular interventions such as enzyme inhibitors and RNAi. In addition, to test the validity of mechanistic changes detected in the mouse to human metabolism we will investigate responses in cultured human primary cells. This proposal will both further define a pharmacological system of great relevance to the regulation of human nutrition and obesity, and provide a poly-omic dataset suitable for others to explore and develop tools for systems biology in adipose tissue.
Planned Impact
Understanding the roles of the PPARs in regulating energy balance, nutritional status and health has been a highly active area in many pharmaceutical companies both in the UK and across the globe. A number of agonists have been developed to target PPAR-alpha, PPAR-gamma or all three PPARs in order to treat type II diabetes and obesity. To illustrate this, the global sales of three PPAR agonists are listed: The PPAR-gamma agonists Rosiglitazone and pioglitazone have combined 2007 sales of about US$ 6.6 billion. The PPAR alpha agonist fenofibrate from Solvay Pharmaceuticals and Abbott yielded 2007 sales of US$ 1.9 billion. Thus, a better understanding of how PPAR-delta exerts its action may help in the development of new blockbuster drugs. Furthermore, the PPAR agonists are not without unwanted side-effects and safety concerns, at least from animal studies, and by identifying the consequences of chronic stimulation of the receptors one may be able to identify targets downstream of the PPARs which produce the beneficial effects on health without the unwanted side-effects. To ensure our research will be of relevance to the pharmaceutical industry we will continue a close collaboration between Drs Andy Nicholls and John Haselden at GlaxoSmithKline (see letter of support). This collaboration has already produced two project grants and two PhD studentships for the Griffin group. Understanding the regulation of energy balance will have benefit to the public in the UK. As stated in the application the UK is experiencing dramatic increases in obesity and the diseases it causes. This is affecting both the young and old and will have a significant health burden on the National Health Service in the future, as well as the capabilities of the UK's work force. Better understanding of how PPAR-delta upregulates beta-oxidation in adipose tissue will allow the development of drug, and even possibly nutritional interventions to stimulate the receptor. To ensure our work benefits the wider scientific community we will ensure that our results are published as manuscripts, and these, where possible, are open access. In addition Dr. Griffin has been involved in a number of schemes aimed at disseminating the results of his research to the public. This includes the 'Head Start' scheme for 17 year old scientists and the Princes Teaching Institute for school teachers. He has also appeared on BBC Radio 4's Material World discussing his research. The UK has a proud record in the development of mass spectrometry and one aspect of this proposal is the collaboration with Waters to improve structure identification in lipidomics. Although Waters is an international company it has a significant research base in Manchester (formerly Micromass). Our collaboration will help the company develop new solutions for lipidomics, particularly in software tools for interpreting the vast multivariate data produced. The project will also provide training in areas relevant to analytical biochemistry, safety assessment and drug efficacy, skills that are in demand in both academia and industry. This is important for the future of 'UK plc' as the major attraction of pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies to this country is the highly skilled work force found in the UK.
Organisations
- MRC Centre Cambridge (Lead Research Organisation)
- King's College Hospital Charity (Collaboration)
- Babraham Institute (Collaboration)
- University of Cagliari (Collaboration)
- Waters Corporation (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF EXETER (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD (Collaboration)
- AstraZeneca (Collaboration)
- University of Pennsylvania (Collaboration)
- Johnson & Johnson (Collaboration)
- Medical Research Council (MRC) (Collaboration)
- GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) (Collaboration)
- Agilent Technologies (Austria) (Collaboration)
Publications
Ashmore T
(2015)
Nitrate enhances skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation via a nitric oxide-cGMP-PPAR-mediated mechanism.
in BMC biology
Tan CY
(2015)
Brown Adipose Tissue Thermogenic Capacity Is Regulated by Elovl6.
in Cell reports
Griffin JL
(2015)
Does our gut microbiome predict cardiovascular risk? A review of the evidence from metabolomics.
in Circulation. Cardiovascular genetics
Heather LC
(2013)
Differential translocation of the fatty acid transporter, FAT/CD36, and the glucose transporter, GLUT4, coordinates changes in cardiac substrate metabolism during ischemia and reperfusion.
in Circulation. Heart failure
Roberts LD
(2015)
Inorganic nitrate promotes the browning of white adipose tissue through the nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide pathway.
in Diabetes
Roberts LD
(2017)
Inorganic Nitrate Mimics Exercise-Stimulated Muscular Fiber-Type Switching and Myokine and ?-Aminobutyric Acid Release.
in Diabetes
Roberts LD
(2016)
Response to Comment on Lee et al. Diabetes 2015;64:2836-2846. Comment on Roberts et al. Diabetes 2015;64:471-484.
in Diabetes
Description | We discovered that an important anti-diabetes drugs, called PPAR delta agonists, not only increase fatty acid metabolism in muscle but also do this in the fat cells (white adipose tissue). This has led us to investigate other mechanisms that increase fatty acid oxidation in fat cells and we have recently published a paper describing how a simple dietary modification increases fatty acid oxidation in fat in mice and rats. We are currently investigating whether this mechanism extends to humans as an anti-obesity treatment. |
Exploitation Route | We are currently investigating whether the mechanisms highlighted in this grant extends to humans as an anti-obesity treatment for extending life long healthy living. |
Sectors | Agriculture Food and Drink Pharmaceuticals and Medical Biotechnology |
Description | We have continued to collaborate with GSK in both general drug safety assessment and also in the area of ppar agonists. We have initiated a collaboration with Medimmune to investigate browning in white adipose tissue. |
First Year Of Impact | 2012 |
Sector | Healthcare,Pharmaceuticals and Medical Biotechnology |
Description | SACN advisory committee on dietary fats |
Geographic Reach | National |
Policy Influence Type | Participation in a guidance/advisory committee |
Description | Astra Zeneca CASE studentship |
Amount | £40,000 (GBP) |
Organisation | AstraZeneca |
Sector | Private |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 09/2016 |
End | 09/2019 |
Description | BBSRC Industrial CASE award |
Amount | £18,000 (GBP) |
Organisation | Selcia |
Sector | Private |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 09/2011 |
End | 09/2014 |
Description | COSMOS |
Amount | € 76,184 (EUR) |
Organisation | European Commission |
Department | Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) |
Sector | Public |
Country | European Union (EU) |
Start | 11/2012 |
End | 10/2015 |
Description | GSK-Astra Zeneca partnership awards |
Amount | £417,000 (GBP) |
Organisation | GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) |
Sector | Private |
Country | Global |
Start | 03/2017 |
End | 03/2020 |
Description | MRC CASE studentship |
Amount | £18,000 (GBP) |
Organisation | Unilever |
Sector | Private |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 08/2011 |
End | 09/2014 |
Description | Medimmune industrial studentship |
Amount | £100,000 (GBP) |
Organisation | AstraZeneca |
Department | MedImmune |
Sector | Private |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 09/2016 |
End | 09/2019 |
Description | Metabolights: Creating the missing metabolomics community database resource. |
Amount | £245,000 (GBP) |
Funding ID | BB/I000933/1 |
Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
Sector | Public |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 09/2010 |
End | 09/2013 |
Description | Optimized Metabolite Extraction, Separation, and Identification for Metabolomics |
Amount | £420,179 (GBP) |
Funding ID | ES022186-04 |
Organisation | National Institutes of Health (NIH) |
Department | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) |
Sector | Public |
Country | United States |
Start | 04/2013 |
End | 04/2017 |
Description | Technology Development Grant, MetaboFlow - the development of standardised workflows for processing metabolomics data to aid reproducible data sharing and big data initiatives |
Amount | £900,000 (GBP) |
Funding ID | 202952/B/16/Z |
Organisation | Wellcome Trust |
Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 12/2016 |
End | 11/2019 |
Description | Unilever CASE funded studentship |
Amount | £40,000 (GBP) |
Funding ID | NA |
Organisation | Unilever |
Department | Unilever Research and Development |
Sector | Private |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 09/2017 |
End | 09/2020 |
Description | BHF programme grant on BAT |
Organisation | Medical Research Council (MRC) |
Department | MRC Centre for Obesity and Related Metabolic Diseases |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Collaboration on a programme grant application to the British Heart Foundation. This has costs for lipidomics to profile eicosanoids and intact lipids in order to understand the role brown adipose tissue may play in treating atherosclerosis. |
Collaborator Contribution | The partner is doing the majority of the animal work and molecular biology for this project. |
Impact | None to date |
Start Year | 2012 |
Description | Collaboration with Academic Rheumatology, King's College London |
Organisation | King's College Hospital Charity |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
PI Contribution | I agreed to collaborate on a grant examining the role of the mevalonate pathway in the immune system. While we will receive costs for the analyses performed this is also of interest as the immune system induced inflammation is a major cause of insulin resistance. |
Collaborator Contribution | See above |
Impact | Grant application by King's College |
Start Year | 2014 |
Description | Collaboration with Cardiovascular medicine, University of Oxford |
Organisation | University of Oxford |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | We are collaborating with Cardiovascular medicine at Oxford to understand the role metabolism plays in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). The focus of this work is a translational medicine study of HCM. Our role is to help understand the metabolic changes that are associated with HCM, and in particular the switch from fat metabolism towards carbohydrates (fetal reprogramming). |
Collaborator Contribution | We ghave acquired pilot data for grant applications and written grant proposals |
Impact | None to date |
Start Year | 2013 |
Description | Collaboration with Medimmune |
Organisation | AstraZeneca |
Department | MedImmune |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Private |
PI Contribution | We have initated a collaboration with medimmune in terms of making our expertise and facilities in metabolomics and lipidomics available to the cardiovascular and metabolic diseases group and in return we have been offered access to their high throughput cell culture facilities, we are discussing CASE studentships and also access to previously generated mouse models of obesity and fatty liver disease. |
Collaborator Contribution | See above! |
Impact | None as yet |
Start Year | 2014 |
Description | Collaboration with university of Cagliari |
Organisation | University of Cagliari |
Department | Department of Toxicology |
Country | Italy |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | The University of Cagliari (department of Toxicology and Pathology) and LPS initiated a collaboration examining fatty liver disease by lipidomics and mass spectrometry imaging. The project is based around drug- induced fatty liver disease and how this develops into liver cancer. Cagliari would perform the animal studies and histology and LPS would provide lipidomic analysis. |
Collaborator Contribution | Generation of animal model and providing tissue samples |
Impact | A member of LPS was made a visiting professor of the university and we hosted a visiting student. |
Start Year | 2012 |
Description | GlaxoSmithKline collaboration in lipidomics |
Organisation | GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) |
Department | Safety Assessment GSK |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Private |
PI Contribution | We have assisted GSK in a number of projects centred around lipidomics and metabolomics, both in diabetes and toxicology research. The most recent area has been in understanding phospholipidosis, a problem of a number of widely administered drugs, and its relevance to fatty organ disease (particularly the liver, but also fat infiltration into lungs and brain tissue) and lysosomal storage disorders. |
Collaborator Contribution | They will make their laboratories open to the student and have also provided consumables for the student. |
Impact | This has led to the CASE component being funded for an MRC ITTP studentship in the LPS group. |
Start Year | 2011 |
Description | Johnson & Johnson PPAR |
Organisation | Johnson & Johnson |
Country | United States |
Sector | Private |
PI Contribution | LPS was approached by Johnson and Johnson about collaborating to develop tools in metabolomics and lipidomics, particularly around the area of PPAR agonists. This led to a number of telpehone converstaions and face-to-face meetings. |
Collaborator Contribution | We have been discussing access to Johnson and Johnson compund portfolio to look at potential PPAR agonists. This collaboration finished when our main collaborator left the company. |
Impact | None to date |
Start Year | 2012 |
Description | Lipidomics in Cambridge |
Organisation | Babraham Institute |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | We are collaborating to provide a comprehensive lipidomic service for academic and pharma in the cambridge area. |
Collaborator Contribution | This partnership will raise the profile of lipidomics in Cambridge and further afield. |
Impact | This has just begun. |
Start Year | 2011 |
Description | PPAR-alpha and inflammation in humans |
Organisation | University of Pennsylvania |
Department | Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT) |
Country | United States |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | LPS is collaborating with the University of Pennsylvania to look at human blood plasma from a study looking at the role PPAR-alpha plays in preventing inflammation in adipose tissue. This is an NIH-sponsored clinical research study into the Fenofibrate and Omega-3 Fatty Acid Modulation of Endotoxemia inflammation of adipose tissue (a model for inflammation associated insulin resistance). This work nicely compliments the programme work for LPS and may lead to a proposal to the NIH if the experiments are successful. Given this, LPS would like to 'absorb' the costs into the Burning fat project of LPS in the expectation that this work adds value and may pave the way for further funds in the future. Jonathan Powell suggested that the LPS group also consider using their samples for hepcidin analysis (all 3 hepcidin variants) as an off-subject but "added value" idea. HNR would not be involved. The proposal was just for information. |
Collaborator Contribution | They are conducting the clinical trial which will provide the samples to be analyzed at HNR. |
Impact | None to date |
Start Year | 2012 |
Description | Stratifying type 2 diabetes - Exeter university |
Organisation | University of Exeter |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | LPS has been working with various diabetes research groups around the UK as part of the MRC/BIS initiative to promote greater links between clinical research and pharmaceutical drug development. The "Stratifying type 2 diabetes" consortium, led by Prof Hattersley of Exeter University have received favourable reviews and an indication of £2 million funding for two clinical trails to assess drug responses to anti-diabetics and how diet, exercise and weight loss interact with drug response. The funding is subject to satisfactory responses to reviewers comments and would be considered a pilot study towards larger studies planned across five years. |
Collaborator Contribution | Providing samples from clinical trials. |
Impact | Still waiting on outcomes |
Start Year | 2012 |
Description | Study of lipotoxicity with MRC CORD |
Organisation | Medical Research Council (MRC) |
Department | MRC Centre for Obesity and Related Metabolic Diseases |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | We have been measuring changes in potentially lipotoxicity species in adipose and liver tissue from animal models of obesity and type II diabetes in conjunction with MRC CORD. |
Collaborator Contribution | Access to animal models and facilities |
Impact | This is a multi-discip;inary collaboration spanning analytical chemistry, biochemistry and animal physiology. This collaboration has produced a publication this year and a grant application to the BHF which will be submitted early next year. |
Start Year | 2011 |
Description | Thought Leader Award from Agilent |
Organisation | Agilent Technologies |
Country | United States |
Sector | Private |
PI Contribution | Agilent have awarded a Thought Leader award to the head of group. This consists of a brand new ion mobility mass spectrometry plus substantial funds for research to develop this new piece of equipment. In turn we will develop new mass spectrometry tools based around ion mobility for lipid detection. |
Collaborator Contribution | see above. |
Impact | The collaboration starts in december 2014 |
Start Year | 2014 |
Description | Waters collaboration for advanced lipidomics |
Organisation | Medical Research Council (MRC) |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Public |
PI Contribution | LPS are collaborating with Waters Corporation on the development of new chromatography methods based around super critical chromatography for lipidomic analysis. The aim is to develop methods and highlight this technology through publications and talks. |
Collaborator Contribution | They have CASE sponsored an MRC studentship. Waters corp have also loaned us a super critical fluid unit for 12 months to be used as part of this project. |
Impact | CASE sponsored an MRC studentship |
Start Year | 2013 |
Description | Waters collaboration for advanced lipidomics |
Organisation | Waters Corporation |
Country | United States |
Sector | Private |
PI Contribution | LPS are collaborating with Waters Corporation on the development of new chromatography methods based around super critical chromatography for lipidomic analysis. The aim is to develop methods and highlight this technology through publications and talks. |
Collaborator Contribution | They have CASE sponsored an MRC studentship. Waters corp have also loaned us a super critical fluid unit for 12 months to be used as part of this project. |
Impact | CASE sponsored an MRC studentship |
Start Year | 2013 |
Description | 2nd Metabolomics Sardinian Scientific School |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
Results and Impact | 2nd Metabolomics Sardinian Scientific School was aimed at post-grad students new to the field of metabolomics. We gave seminars and workshops in various tools and techniques in metabolomics. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
Description | Cambridge Science Week 2017 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | took part in Cambridge Science week and put on a display on personalised medicine and health using advanced biochemical techniques. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
Description | Daily Mail piece |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Type Of Presentation | Paper Presentation |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | JG was approached by the Daily Mail via MRC Head Office concerning Circadian rythmns in fat. This work was published in the newspaper. We have since been contacted to help with an Horizon programme and a piece appeared in the Wallstreet journal too. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
Description | Danish-UK Metabolism meeting |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
Results and Impact | Taught postgrads how to use metabolomics and lipidomics to study aspects of type 2 diabetes and related disorders. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
Description | Hosted a visit from Singaporean students |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Type Of Presentation | Keynote/Invited Speaker |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Schools |
Results and Impact | We hosted a visit from 6th form Singaporean students interested in applying to Cambridge as undergraduates in science related areas. They gave me a box of chocolates! |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
Description | Junior school science talk |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Type Of Presentation | Workshop Facilitator |
Geographic Reach | Local |
Primary Audience | Schools |
Results and Impact | We have given science talks on temperature and food to approximately fifty eight year olds. We are taking part in a larger science fair to be organised this coming year. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2011,2012 |
Description | Metabolic Complications in Obesity |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | A conference/workshop to promote new methods for understanding the causes and consequences of obesity. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
Description | Metabolomics workshop for industry |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Type Of Presentation | Workshop Facilitator |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.) |
Results and Impact | Members of LPS co-organised a European Bioinformatics Instuitute Industrail Collaboration Workshop on Metabolomics and Lipidomics. Albert Koulman and Michael Eiden also attended this meeting. This raised the profile of our research with industry. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
Description | Pint of science |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | Talked about the research behind the debate about whether it is increased carbohydrate or saturated fat intake that is driving the obesity and type 2 diabetes epidemics. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
Description | Press release for circadian rhythms |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Type Of Presentation | Paper Presentation |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
Results and Impact | We produced a press release on work published in Nature Medicine on circadian rhythms in adipose tissue. This led to contact with a journalist producing an article on obesity and its link with sleep. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
Description | Sardinian summer school: Metabolomics and more. |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
Results and Impact | Sardinian summer school to spread the use of tools in metabolomics and lipidomics. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
Description | Science career advice to prospective undergraduates |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Schools |
Results and Impact | This was a talk as part of an open day In cambridge to encourage students to study Natural sciences at Cambridge. I received a number of requests for further information from students. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2011,2012,2014 |
Description | West African Centre for cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens College of Basic and Applied Sciences, Ghana Research Conference 2017 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | Took part in a 3 day conference/workshop to discuss advances in Biology that could be applied within Western Africa to treat human disease. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
Description | Work experience for two school boys |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Schools |
Results and Impact | Work experience for two school boys: two school boys spent a week in my lab following members around to get some experience of what its like being a scientist. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
Description | Workshop at the university of cambridge to train students in physiology |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Type Of Presentation | Workshop Facilitator |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
Results and Impact | Members of LPS are contributing to a four day workshop sponsored by the European Atheroscelrosis Society on Phenotyping mouse models of the Metabolic Syndrome. None to date. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |