Molecular and Systems Virology
Lead Research Organisation:
THE PIRBRIGHT INSTITUTE
Department Name: UNLISTED
Abstract
Abstracts are not currently available in GtR for all funded research. This is normally because the abstract was not required at the time of proposal submission, but may be because it included sensitive information such as personal details.
Technical Summary
The Pirbright Institute provides the UK with capacity to predict, detect, understand and respond to incursions of viral pathogens of livestock and viruses that spread from animals to humans. Pirbright represents a hub of world class facilities and expertise for the study of exotic and endemic viral diseases in the natural host, therefore enabling our research to be directly translated into future control measures.
This project will identify virus-host interactions that influence the outcome of infection and that could inform the future development of gene edited or genetically modified animals that are resistant to infection or have reduced ability for onwards transmission. It will provide novel fundamental knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of viral replication and viral subversion of innate immunity, leading to novel, safe strategies for virus attenuation. These findings will be applied to the rational design of novel or improved vaccines or other control strategies. The approaches used to achieve these goals will include classical techniques from virology and immunology alongside confocal and super-resolution fluorescent microscopy and electron tomography, transcriptomics, proteomics, Y-2-H and systematic genome-wide RNAi screening approaches. Anticipated outcomes of this project are: Improved fundamental knowledge of the virus-cell interactions that influence the outcome of infection in vitro; high-resolution structures of viruses and viral proteins to inform vaccine design; identification of key cellular innate pathways which are disrupted by virus infection; novel, safe, rational strategies for virus attenuation; identification of novel targets for antivirals; provision of novel in vitro information to support the development of in vivo pathogenesis models.
This project will identify virus-host interactions that influence the outcome of infection and that could inform the future development of gene edited or genetically modified animals that are resistant to infection or have reduced ability for onwards transmission. It will provide novel fundamental knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of viral replication and viral subversion of innate immunity, leading to novel, safe strategies for virus attenuation. These findings will be applied to the rational design of novel or improved vaccines or other control strategies. The approaches used to achieve these goals will include classical techniques from virology and immunology alongside confocal and super-resolution fluorescent microscopy and electron tomography, transcriptomics, proteomics, Y-2-H and systematic genome-wide RNAi screening approaches. Anticipated outcomes of this project are: Improved fundamental knowledge of the virus-cell interactions that influence the outcome of infection in vitro; high-resolution structures of viruses and viral proteins to inform vaccine design; identification of key cellular innate pathways which are disrupted by virus infection; novel, safe, rational strategies for virus attenuation; identification of novel targets for antivirals; provision of novel in vitro information to support the development of in vivo pathogenesis models.
Planned Impact
unavailable
Organisations
- THE PIRBRIGHT INSTITUTE (Collaboration, Lead Research Organisation)
- UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON (Collaboration)
- Leiden University Medical Center (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL (Collaboration)
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) (Collaboration)
- University of Surrey (Collaboration)
- Friedrich Loeffler Institute (Collaboration)
- Ulster University (Collaboration)
- University of Minnesota (Collaboration)
- DIAMOND LIGHT SOURCE (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF ST ANDREWS (Collaboration)
- Mayo Clinic (Collaboration)
- Penn State University (Collaboration)
- Royal Veterinary College (RVC) (Collaboration)
- Babraham Institute (Collaboration)
- University of Copenhagen (Collaboration)
- University of Wisconsin-Madison (Collaboration)
- PUBLIC HEALTH ENGLAND (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX (Collaboration)
- Defence Science & Technology Laboratory (DSTL) (Collaboration)
- LIVERPOOL SCHOOL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE (Collaboration)
- National Taiwan University (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW (Collaboration)
- Aviagen (Collaboration)
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover (Collaboration)
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica (Collaboration)
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF ESSEX (Collaboration)
- Animal and Plant Health Agency (Collaboration)
- Outreach Network for Gene Drive Research (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA (Collaboration)
- Aviagen Group (Collaboration)
- China Agricultural University (CAU) (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF PLYMOUTH (Collaboration)
- La Trobe University (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH (Collaboration)
- U.S. Department of Agriculture USDA (Collaboration)
- Technical University of Denmark (Collaboration)
- St George's University of London (Collaboration)
- University of Oxford (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF BATH (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF WARWICK (Collaboration)
- Bauchi State University (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF LIVERPOOL (Collaboration)
- Texas A&M University–Texarkana (Collaboration)
- University of York (Collaboration)
- University of Miyazaki (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM (Collaboration)
- University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna (Collaboration)
- KING'S COLLEGE LONDON (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE (Collaboration)
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC) (Collaboration)
- Horizon Discovery Group plc (Collaboration)
- IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON (Collaboration)
- Zoetis (Collaboration)
- Leibniz Association (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF READING (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF KENT (Collaboration)
- Brunel University London (Collaboration)
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCRC) (Collaboration)
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (Collaboration)
- State Central Veterinary Laboratory (Collaboration)
Publications
Abdullah N
(2018)
Structure-Guided Identification of a Nonhuman Morbillivirus with Zoonotic Potential.
in Journal of virology
Adeyemi O
(2024)
Microbiological Assessment and Evaluation of Virus Yield in Germ-free Chicken Eggs
in The Open Microbiology Journal
Aicher SM
(2021)
Unpicking the Secrets of African Swine Fever Viral Replication Sites.
in Viruses
Alphey LS
(2020)
Opinion: Standardizing the definition of gene drive.
in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Bailey D
(2019)
Morbilliviruses: Entry, Exit and Everything In-Between.
in Viruses
Baker SF
(2019)
ANP32B, or not to be, that is the question for influenza virus.
in eLife
| Title | Canvas print of IBV infected TOC |
| Description | A printed canvas of a confocal microscopy image showing an ex vivo tracheal organ culture infected with IBV and labelled with anti-dsRNA, anti-tubulin and DAPI. |
| Type Of Art | Artwork |
| Year Produced | 2020 |
| Impact | The canvas was awarded as a prize following entry into a image competition. |
| Description | Molecular and Systems Virology is part of the BBSRC Institute Strategic Programme "Understanding and preventing viral diseases". Within the Molecular and Systems Virology component there are three objectives and key findings generated within the six years of the programme are described below. Objective 1: Characterising viral and cellular determinants of tropism and host specificity. Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) spike glycoprotein cleavage was found to be responsible for the extended cell culture tropism of IBV, facilitating the engineering of vaccine strains or treatment with exogenous protease to enhance virus propagation in cell culture, potentially reducing the number of eggs required for vaccine production. High levels of glycosylation including heterogeneity at multiple sites has been identified on the spike protein surface and was found to influence antibody recognition of the spike. For avian leukosis virus (ALV), gene editing of specific cellular receptors was found to render chicken cell lines resistant to virus infection, informing future strategies for gene editing for disease resistant chickens. We have demonstrated that the influenza PA-X protein plays an important role in cross-species transmission of viruses with human-specific amino acid substitutions in PA-X dramatically enhancing the adaptation of animal influenza viruses in mammals. We have gained new insight into how cleavage of capsid protein VP2 is involved in generation of BTV particles with increased tropism for insect cells to facilitate the vector stage of the virus lifecycle. Interestingly, atypical BTV-26 which can transmit directly between vertebrates does not display this tropism for insect cells. Screening of interferon stimulated gene (ISG) libraries from various mammalian species has identified species-specific ISGs which are potent restriction factors for foot-and-mouth disease virus replication and which may contribute to disease susceptibility across mammals. Objective 2: Understanding the molecular mechanisms of viral replication. We have demonstrated that the route of endocytosis used during blue-tongue virus (BTV) entry is dependent on both the type of cell and the type of virus isolate. For influenza A viruses we have identified that interaction between viral HA protein and human complement Factor H (FH) protein can inhibit virus entry into cells but enhance production of new virus by the cell. Studies with African swine fever virus (ASFV) indicated the virus enters macrophages by 'apoptotic mimicry' and that blocking this process inhibits virus entry. For the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), advanced microscopy has been used to identify sites of viral replication and associated host membrane rearrangements in detail; the nsp4 protein and the nsp2 protein have been shown to play key roles in such membrane re-arrangements and cellular vesicular transport also shown to be required for replication. Studies of viral replication have also been extended to include mammalian coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-2 and porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV), with the latter being developed as a model to understand the biology of mammalian coronavirus infection. Dual colour fluorescently tagged infectious bursal disease viruses (IBDV) have been used to visualise the formation, movement and coalescence of virus factories (VF) derived from separate co-infecting viruses, with implications for mechanisms of viral reassortment and superinfection exclusion. We have determined that VFs are not membrane-bound and using Correlative Light and Electron Microscopy (CLEM), we have shown that VFs occupy discrete regions, distinct from the paracrystalline arrays of virions classically observed by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Similar approaches to understand the sites of replication and dynamics of co-infection have also been developed for IBV, bovine RSV, FMDV and BTV and are beginning to reveal novel information on how co-infecting viruses can replicate together or be excluded. For foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), we have shown that virus assembly requires cellular chaperones and packaging signals in the RNA, including a critical role for such a signal in the pseudoknot region of the genome. We show that the small internal capsid protein VP4 is involved in virus stability and have developed novel approaches to generate more stable viruses with implications for improved vaccines. We have also shown that a novel inhibitor which blocks myristolyation of capsid precursors can prevent replication of multiple picornaviruses. With collaborators we have completed the first analysis of the ASFV global transcriptome, which has identified viral transcription start and termination sites, promoter motifs and functional classes of genes expressed at early or late time post-infection. Comparison of viruses with specific virulence characteristics and the inclusion of host transcriptomics has also begun to show how the dynamics of viral and host gene expression controls the outcome of infection. These approaches will provide powerful tools to define the effect of virus gene deletions on host gene expression. Studies with avian herpesviruses have used CRISPR/Cas9 screening to identify non-essential viral genes; in addition to providing novel fundamental information about how these viruses replicate, these genes can also be deleted to increase the capacity of these viruses as viral vector vaccines for other avian pathogens. High throughput functional genetic screens based on CRISPR gene knock out of host cells have also been developed and are beginning to generate datasets to understand proviral virus-host interactions for several virus families in human, porcine and chicken cells. Objective 3: Defining how viruses manipulate the cellular response to infection. We have identified a microRNA encoded by herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT) that may have been pirated from the host in order to modulate the cell cycle of infected cells. For influenza viruses, we have identified novel functions of the small accessory protein, PB1-F2; it binds to the chicken homologues of MAVS and IKKß to disrupt interferon and pro-inflammatory signalling, with truncated variants and cellular localisation and stability fine tuning the degree of antagonism. We have also shown that cellular p21 is activated in infected cells to directly disrupt the viral nucleoprotein complex and to promote interferon production via IRF3. For African swine fever virus (ASFV), three new virus-host interactions have been identified which control multiple aspects of the cellular response to infection and will inform the design of next generation ASF vaccines: 1) A viral protein was found to have potent anti-apoptotic activity by uniquely binding to all major pro-apoptotic host Bcl-2 family proteins and deletion of this viral protein reduced virus replication in macrophages, dramatically attenuated infection in pigs and may use altered cell entry mechanisms via apoptotic mimicry. 2) Additional multiple viral proteins inhibit the host cell ability to activate type I interferon and NF-kB activated antiviral responses. Viral sequence motifs consistent with interaction with the cellular ubiquitin machinery have been identified and confirmed by mutagenesis, suggesting that these viral proteins act by targeting host antiviral proteins for destruction by the cell's own degradation system. Deletion of these viral proteins also reduced virus replication in macrophages and attenuated infection in pigs by releasing the block to induction of interferon seen in WT virulent strains. 3) A protein on the surface of the virus has been identified which is responsible for virus binding to red blood cells (RBC), an important mechanism for viral persistence in infected animals. With collaborators, the RBC binding has been mapped and viruses engineered with reduced RBC binding and shorter period of persistence, overcoming a significant barrier for safe use of live attenuated vaccines. RNA viruses are detected by various cellular 'sensors' including the recently discovered ZAP, a sensor of CpG dinucleotides in RNA virus genomes. Using FMDV genomes engineered with reduced RNA secondary structure, inhibitors of interferon pathways and ZAP KO cell lines, we have shown for the first time that RNA secondary structure can be used to shield the RNA genome from sensing by ZAP. A new reverse genetics system for PRRSV has been used to generate fundamental understanding of mechanisms of viral antagonism of the host interferon response, and revealed a strain-specific ability to antagonise interferon which correlates with virulence. This provides a platform for next generation vaccines and has led to funding with industry. |
| Exploitation Route | The findings described have provided the foundation for further research, for novel strategies for disease control and successful applications for external funding, including from vaccine manufacturers. |
| Sectors | Agriculture Food and Drink Healthcare Manufacturing including Industrial Biotechology Pharmaceuticals and Medical Biotechnology |
| Description | ASFV remains a global threat to pig farming and pork supplies and vaccines are not yet fully tested or widely available. Deletion of genes that inhibit innate immune responses has been shown to attenuate virulent ASFV isolates and provide a route for constructing rationally attenuated live vaccine candidates. Of the genes we have studied deletions of DP148R and members of the MGF 360 and 505 have been included in a patent application as candidate live attenuated vaccines. We expect other genes we have identified to provide further targets for rational attenuation of ASFV to produce candidate vaccines. The findings have also been used to establish collaborations and gain further funding. A BBSRC LINK Grant with University of Plymouth and Zoetis has been awarded to exploit findings for the development of gene-deleted live attenuated vaccines. Funding was also obtained from UK FCDO through GALVmed to apply findings to develop ASFV live attenuated vaccines for Africa. In the medium term these new activities will provide vaccines against ASF to protect the global pork industry and improve food security. The identification and deletion of non-essential genes in the herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT) has produced a vaccine vector which both induces enhanced immune responses and has increased capacity for foreign gene inserts, enabling the generation of novel multivalent vector vaccines. This approach has been extended to the related avian herpesvirus duck enteritis virus (DEV) to allow the combined use of HVT and DEV, further increasing the ability of such a combined vaccine to protect against multiple diseases. Research findings from this topic have been presented to FMD vaccine producers as a viable alternative to producing certain strains of FMD vaccines with improved stability. Fundamental understanding of the FMDV capsid has underpinned the development of new in vitro tests for FMD vaccine quality which are being further developed and validated in a project funded by Gates Foundation. The development of a PRRSV reverse genetics system has stimulated interest and funding from industry to use genetic engineering to improve PRRSV vaccines. Lumpy skin disease virus has continued to increase its geographical range. New methods to support diagnostics of lumpy skin disease were developed in this project and have helped several countries to build capacity to deal with the disease as the virus spreads. The new understanding of avian influenza will contribute to the development of a more comprehensive risk assessment of emerging and re-emerging influenza viruses, including the emergence of antiviral resistance, which can in turn be used to create more effective global disease mitigation strategies. New research was initiated within this topic in response to COVID-19. Work on SARS-CoV-2 tropism responded to the urgent initial UK and global requirement to understand the threat of SARS-CoV-2 to wildlife and livestock species and the potential for these species to act as reservoirs for the virus. More recently the appearance of new SARS-CoV-2 variants with altered spike proteins, required similar urgent testing of such variants for altered tropism and vaccine escape. The expertise developed and resulting outputs in this area led to inclusion of Pirbright in the UK Genotype to Phenotype (G2P) consortium. In addition, the virology expertise demonstrated in this topic has been instrumental for technical development of CL3 procedures for handling live SARS-CoV-2 and pseudotyped virus systems and other reagents which have underpinned the institutes COVID-19 research and contributed to the UK and global research response. This COVID-19 work was initiated by the expertise in this topic but was subsequently formally reported under a new topic to specifically cover the COVID-19 response from this ISPG. |
| Sector | Agriculture, Food and Drink,Healthcare,Manufacturing, including Industrial Biotechology,Pharmaceuticals and Medical Biotechnology |
| Impact Types | Societal Economic Policy & public services |
| Description | Briefing document for OIE |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Implementation circular/rapid advice/letter to e.g. Ministry of Health |
| Description | Contributing to the chapter on Marek's disease for the OIE Terrestrial Manual |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Implementation circular/rapid advice/letter to e.g. Ministry of Health |
| Impact | The contribution to the Terrestrial Manual on the recent advances in the diagnosis and control of Marek's disease will impact on improved and better control of the disease to reduce losses and improved food security |
| URL | http://www.oie.int/ |
| Description | Contribution to Annual Report of the Chief Medical Officer UK (2017), Genomics Chapter 9. |
| Geographic Reach | Europe |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Description | Development and Evaluation of PPR DIVA vaccines |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Citation in other policy documents |
| Impact | Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious disease, severely affects small ruminants in almost 70 countries in Africa, the Middle East and parts of Asia. It causes USD 1.5 to 2 billion in losses each year in regions that are home to over 80% of the world's sheep and goats and to more than 330 million of the world's poorest people, many of whom depend on them for their livelihoods. The estimated current expenditure on PPR vaccination ranges between USD 270 and 380 million. The annual impact of PPR alone may be valued at between USD 1.45 and 2.1 billion per year. Approximately a third of the global financial burden of PPR is borne by Africa, with a further quarter borne by South Asia. This burden will be removed with the successful eradication of PPR. The undiscounted costs for a fifteen-year Global control Strategy of FAO and OIE are between USD 7.6 and 9.1 billion, with the first five years costing between USD 2.5 and 3.1 billion. (http://www.fao.org/3/a-i4460e.pdf). PPR is currently controlled by vaccination using mainly two live attenuated PPRV vaccines (Nigeria 75/1 and Sungri 96). However, the current vaccines and serological tests are unable to enable Differentiation between naturally Infected and Vaccinated Animals (DIVA). This factor precludes meaningful assessment of vaccine coverage and epidemiological surveillance based on serology, in turn reducing the efficiency of control programmes. Therefore, it is almost impossible to assess the quality and efficacy of existing PPR vaccines without knowing whether positive animals are vaccinated or naturally infected. Unlike rinderpest, where cattle and buffalo were primary hosts, in PPR, new crops (about 30-40%) of lambs and kids are produced every year and are the most susceptible population to bring back new PPR outbreaks6&7. Therefore, it is likely that the cycle of vaccinations and PPR outbreaks will continue until and unless we reach the stage of 80-90% herd immunity. Therefore, development of a marker vaccine and associated DIVA diagnostics will enable the assessment of vaccine efficacy which is essential for any successful vaccination campaign. https://www.pirbright.ac.uk/news/2018/09/pirbright-scientists-run-vaccination-campaign-eradicate-peste-des-petits-ruminant The availability of a recombinant PPRV vaccine with a proven functionality is a prerequisite for the development of novel vaccines that may enable the development of DIVA tools for PPRV diagnostics. In the DBT-BBSRC FADH BB/L004801/1 grant we have rescued Sungri 96 and Nigeria 75/1 vaccine strains. Both the vaccine strains were rescued from respective synthetic c-DNA clones with mutations in the variable part of C terminus of the nucleocapsid (N) gene similar to Dolphin Morbillivirus (DMV) to enable negative marker DIVA vaccines. These two DIVA vaccines along with parental vaccines have been recently tested in a pilot studies in goats. Both the DIVA and parent vaccines provided safety, stability and protection for vaccinated goats whereas the control animals were clinically infected. Patent applications have been made to protect these DIVA vaccines. Agreements are being done with vaccine industries for the licensing and commercialisation. |
| URL | https://www.pirbright.ac.uk/press-releases/2018/09/pirbright-collaboration-provides-tools-peste-des-... |
| Description | Facilitated the transfer of molecular technology for the capacity building of the Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) Southern African Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance (SACIDS) peste des petits ruminants (PPR) laboratory.19-25.01.2020 |
| Geographic Reach | Africa |
| Policy Influence Type | Influenced training of practitioners or researchers |
| Impact | Facilitated the transfer of molecular technology for the capacity building of the Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) Southern African Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance (SACIDS) peste des petits ruminants (PPR) laboratory.19-25.01.2020. The PPR virus infected samples can be diagnosed now at SUA, Tanzania without sending to Pirbright or CIRAD reference laboratories. This will enhance the capacity building of SUA and help immensely in the ongoing PPR eradication. |
| Description | Member of the Virus Division for the Microbiology Society |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Policy Influence Type | Membership of a guideline committee |
| Description | Organised seminar series on Sequencing, Virus Evolution and Molecular Biology at Pirbright (with Luca Ferretti and Graham Freimanis) |
| Geographic Reach | Local/Municipal/Regional |
| Policy Influence Type | Influenced training of practitioners or researchers |
| Description | Participation in the Management of the Oxford DTP |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Influenced training of practitioners or researchers |
| Impact | As part of the Management committee of the Oxford-Pirbright-Oxford Brookes-Diamond doctorate Training Partnership, contributed to the success of the DTP in meeting the objectives, recruitment and review |
| URL | http://www.biodtp.ox.ac.uk/ |
| Description | Prevention and Control of LSD |
| Geographic Reach | Europe |
| Policy Influence Type | Participation in a guidance/advisory committee |
| Impact | I have participated as an expert advisor on committees and panels focused on the control of lumpy skin disease (LSD) in Europe. This has contributed to the formulation of an effective control strategy, focused on the use of live-attenuated vaccines, in south-eastern Europe. The effective control strategy has prevented LSD from entering central Europe. The economic benefit of restricting LSD spread to central Europe is the major impact. This is difficult to estimate but in the millions of Euros. |
| Description | RCUK Engagement workshop, Cosener's House, 20-21 April 2017 |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Policy Influence Type | Influenced training of practitioners or researchers |
| Description | Taught course on introductory bioinformatics to PhD students at Pirbright |
| Geographic Reach | Local/Municipal/Regional |
| Policy Influence Type | Influenced training of practitioners or researchers |
| Description | Training MSc students |
| Geographic Reach | Local/Municipal/Regional |
| Policy Influence Type | Influenced training of practitioners or researchers |
| Impact | Delivered a new training session to MSc students teaching viral quantification assays. This lead to a greater understanding of laboratory techniques and academic research. |
| Description | WOAH Global Network of African swine fever diagnostic labs |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Participation in a guidance/advisory committee |
| Impact | Participated in discussions to establish an WOAH Global Network of African swine fever virus diagnostic laboratories and became a member of the organizing committee |
| Description | 21ROMITIGATIONFUND Pirbright Institute |
| Amount | £283,000 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/W510725/1 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 08/2021 |
| End | 03/2022 |
| Description | A One Health approach to pan-valent morbillivirus vaccines |
| Amount | £773,237 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/R019843/1 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 04/2018 |
| End | 03/2021 |
| Description | A human receptor screening resource for host-pathogen interactions |
| Amount | £547,787 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | MR/X019705/1 |
| Organisation | Medical Research Council (MRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 08/2023 |
| End | 08/2026 |
| Description | A methodology to universally attenuate avian coronavirus strains |
| Amount | £450,616 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/Z516144/1 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 01/2025 |
| End | 01/2027 |
| Description | African swine fever control tools |
| Amount | £1,077,663 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | SE1520 |
| Organisation | Department For Environment, Food And Rural Affairs (DEFRA) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 09/2023 |
| End | 09/2026 |
| Description | Antiviral restriction factors: Understanding determinants of host range and barriers to species-jumping in livestock viral disease |
| Amount | £434,794 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/X009084/1 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 05/2023 |
| End | 05/2026 |
| Description | Assessing the functionality of avian BST2 as a viral restriction factor. |
| Amount | £50,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | University of Oxford |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 09/2021 |
| End | 09/2025 |
| Description | BBSRC - responsive mode |
| Amount | £187,370 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/S007911/1 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 03/2019 |
| End | 03/2022 |
| Description | BBSRC IAA The Pirbright Institute |
| Amount | £300,000 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/S506680/1 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 03/2018 |
| End | 03/2022 |
| Description | BBSRC Responsive Mode IPA |
| Amount | £302,086 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/R002606/1 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 01/2018 |
| End | 06/2019 |
| Description | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) and University of Oxford joint Doctoral Training Project |
| Amount | £100,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 08/2018 |
| End | 08/2022 |
| Description | British Egg Marketing Board PhD studentship |
| Amount | £76,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | British Egg Marketing Board |
| Sector | Private |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 09/2018 |
| End | 09/2022 |
| Description | Characterising coronavirus replication organelle dynamics and maturation |
| Amount | £59,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | The Pirbright Institute |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 09/2024 |
| End | 03/2028 |
| Description | Characterising the mechanism of coronavirus assembly and exit |
| Amount | £18,839 (GBP) |
| Organisation | The Pirbright Institute |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 08/2023 |
| End | 04/2024 |
| Description | Characterising the role of cellular proteins in coronavirus replication |
| Amount | £5,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | The Pirbright Institute |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 07/2022 |
| End | 08/2023 |
| Description | China UK One Health research for epidemic preparedness and AMR initiative |
| Amount | £900,000 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | MR/Y015061/1 |
| Organisation | The Pirbright Institute |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 02/2025 |
| End | 02/2028 |
| Description | Common host proteins required for replication organelle function across coronaviruses |
| Amount | £371,708 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/T014571/1 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 03/2021 |
| End | 02/2024 |
| Description | Coronavirus regulation of cellular antiviral responses and cross species transmission |
| Amount | £52,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | The Pirbright Institute |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 09/2022 |
| End | 09/2026 |
| Description | DARPA PREEMPT |
| Amount | $2,700,000 (USD) |
| Organisation | Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United States |
| Start | 09/2018 |
| End | 03/2022 |
| Description | Development of next generation vaccine technology inducing rapid and strong immunity through targeted delivery of antigens to chicken immune cells |
| Amount | £473,080 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/T013087/1 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 05/2021 |
| End | 05/2024 |
| Description | ERA-NET Cofund on International Coordination of Research on Infectious Animal Diseases (ICRAD) |
| Amount | £1,526,000 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | SE1518 |
| Organisation | Department For Environment, Food And Rural Affairs (DEFRA) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 03/2021 |
| End | 03/2024 |
| Description | Exploiting novel African swine fever virus virulence factors and a porcine macrophage cell line to develop a live attenuated vaccine |
| Amount | £372,805 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/V007947/1 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 05/2021 |
| End | 06/2024 |
| Description | Exploring transcription of a large DNA virus of importance for global food security |
| Amount | £227,037 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/X015424/1 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 09/2023 |
| End | 10/2026 |
| Description | FLI- TPI joint PhD studentships African swine fever virus host-pathogen interactions. |
| Amount | £100,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | The Pirbright Institute |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 09/2019 |
| End | 04/2023 |
| Description | Further development of infectious bronchitis virus vaccines adapted for production in cell culture |
| Amount | £262,701 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/R019576/1 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 09/2018 |
| End | 03/2020 |
| Description | G2P-UK; A National Virology Consortium to address phenotypic consequences of SARSCoV-2 genomic variation |
| Amount | £4,021,993 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | MR/W005611/1 |
| Organisation | Medical Research Council (MRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 02/2021 |
| End | 07/2023 |
| Description | Genomia Project Grant |
| Amount | £174,052 (GBP) |
| Organisation | Genomia fund |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 02/2019 |
| End | 01/2020 |
| Description | H2020 work programme topic 9 Food security, sustainable agriculture and forestry, marine and maritime and inland water research and the bioeconomy, work topic SFS-10-2017 Research and approaches for emerging diseases in plants and terrestrial livestock |
| Amount | € 5,986,250 (EUR) |
| Organisation | European Commission H2020 |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | Belgium |
| Start | 04/2018 |
| End | 04/2023 |
| Description | IAA - Characterising the mechanism of 2-DG inhibition of coronavirus RNA synthesis |
| Amount | £8,500 (GBP) |
| Organisation | The Pirbright Institute |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 06/2022 |
| End | 03/2023 |
| Description | Identification of interaction sites between the genomic segments of influenza virus as putative novel anti-viral targets |
| Amount | £100,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | The Pirbright Institute |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 09/2019 |
| End | 09/2024 |
| Description | Identifying pro-viral cellular proteins in chicken cells that can be exploited to better control avian endemic viruses |
| Amount | £104,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | The Pirbright Institute |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 01/2021 |
| End | 09/2024 |
| Description | In-year funding - Characterisation of the role of CoV accessory proteins in cross species transmission |
| Amount | £53,096 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/W510725/1 |
| Organisation | The Pirbright Institute |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 11/2021 |
| End | 03/2022 |
| Description | Internal Seed Fund- Development of an IBDV diagnostic test that can differentiate infected from vaccinated animals, for use in surveillance. |
| Amount | £10,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | The Pirbright Institute |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 12/2019 |
| End | 02/2020 |
| Description | Investigation of Canonical and Noncanonical Transcription during Coronavirus Replication |
| Amount | £122,000 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | STUD312000 |
| Organisation | The Pirbright Institute |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 01/2022 |
| End | 12/2025 |
| Description | LVIF |
| Amount | $1,500,000 (CAD) |
| Organisation | Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| Country | United States |
| Start | 03/2018 |
| End | 09/2020 |
| Description | NC3Rs Research Project Grant |
| Amount | £436,339 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | NC/R001138/1 |
| Organisation | National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 12/2017 |
| End | 11/2019 |
| Description | Pathfinder BB/R012431/1 Grant holder: Dr Mark Fife. Grant title: chIFITM knockdown/knockout technology as a platform technology for increased vaccine yields in SPF Eggs. |
| Amount | £12,500 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/R012431/1 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 11/2017 |
| End | 02/2018 |
| Description | Pirbright Institute PhD studentship |
| Amount | £100,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | The Pirbright Institute |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 08/2018 |
| End | 08/2022 |
| Description | SOMAmer technology to diagnose coronavirus infection: veterinary and zoonotic implications |
| Amount | £1 (GBP) |
| Organisation | University of Oxford |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 09/2021 |
| End | 09/2025 |
| Description | SOMAmer technology to diagnose coronavirus infection: veterinary and zoonotic implications. |
| Amount | £134,107 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | 2601029 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 08/2021 |
| End | 09/2025 |
| Description | Taiwan Partnering Award |
| Amount | £40,700 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/S020624/1 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | |
| Description | The Pirbright Institute - University of Surrey collaborative studentship: Not all viruses come alone - the impact of orbivirus co-infections on bluetongue virus reassortment and diversity |
| Amount | £100,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | The Pirbright Institute |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 09/2021 |
| End | 03/2025 |
| Description | The genetic and functional analysis of variation in innate immune genes associated with restriction of influenza virus for chicken lines |
| Amount | £422,383 (GBP) |
| Organisation | Aviagen Group |
| Sector | Private |
| Country | United States |
| Start | 01/2020 |
| End | 03/2021 |
| Description | UK International coronavirus network (UK-ICN) |
| Amount | £510,207 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/W003287/1 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 09/2021 |
| End | 09/2025 |
| Description | US-UK-China Collab-Understanding the Impact of Poultry Vaccination on H5Nx Avian Influenza Virus Evolution and Ecosystem Dynamics |
| Amount | £3,000,000 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | APP18977: 3291 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 08/2024 |
| End | 10/2029 |
| Description | Understanding RNA packaging signals in foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) for improved vaccine production |
| Amount | £428,671 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/V008323/1 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 04/2021 |
| End | 04/2024 |
| Description | Understanding coronavirus replication using soft x-ray and electron tomography |
| Amount | £62,600 (GBP) |
| Organisation | The Pirbright Institute |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 09/2020 |
| End | 09/2024 |
| Description | Viral entry at the human-animal interface; dissecting the pan-tropic nature of zoonotic viruses. |
| Amount | £393,707 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/W006162/1 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 03/2022 |
| End | 03/2025 |
| Description | [YY-EEID US-UK XXXX] Evaluating how immunosuppression influences influenza A virus transmission and evolution in wild and domestic birds |
| Amount | £606,360 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/T008806/1 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 06/2019 |
| End | 06/2023 |
| Title | A Versatile Panel of Reference Gene Assays for the Measurement of Chicken mRNA by Quantitative PCR |
| Description | Quantitative real-time PCR assays are widely used for the quantification of mRNA within avian experimental samples. Multiple stably-expressed reference genes can be used to control random technical variation between samples. It is necessary to select reference genes with the lowest variation in representative samples. The candidate reference gene assays must be reliable. In particular, they should have high amplification specificity and efficiency, and not produce signals from contaminating DNA. Whilst recent research papers identify specific genes that are stable in particular tissues and experimental treatments, here we describe a panel of ten avian gene primer and probe sets that can be used to identify suitable reference genes in many experimental contexts. The panel was tested with TaqMan and SYBR Green systems in two experimental scenarios, a tissue collection, and virus infection of cultured fibroblasts. GeNorm and NormFinder algorithms were able to select appropriate reference gene sets in each case. We show the effects of using the selected genes on the detection of statistically significant differences in expression. The results are compared with those obtained using 28s ribosomal RNA, the present most widely accepted reference gene in chicken work, identifying circumstances where the use of this gene might provide misleading results. Widely used methods for eliminating DNA contamination of RNA reduced, but did not completely remove, detectable DNA. We therefore attached special importance to testing each qPCR assay for absence of signal using DNA template. |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Year Produced | 2016 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | The assays and analyses developed here provide a useful resource for selecting reference genes for investigations of avian biology. |
| Title | A ligation and restriction enzyme independent cloning technique: an alternative to conventional methods for cloning hard-to-clone gene segments in the influenza reverse genetics system |
| Description | we developed an easy and efficient ligation and restriction enzyme independent (LREI) cloning method for cloning influenza gene segments into pHW2000 vector. The method involves amplification of megaprimers followed by PCR amplification of megaprimers using a bait plasmid, DpnI digestion and transformation. ligation and restriction enzyme independent (LREI) cloning method represents an alternative strategy for cloning influenza gene segments that have internal restriction sites for the enzymes used in reverse genetics. Further, the problem of genetic instability in bacteria can be alleviated by growing recombinant bacterial cultures at a lower temperature. This technique can be applied to clone any influenza gene segment using universal primers, which would help in the rapid generation of influenza viruses and facilitate influenza research and vaccine development. |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Year Produced | 2020 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | The method will help in the rapid generation of reverse genetic base influenza viruses and facilitate influenza research and vaccine development. |
| URL | https://virologyj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12985-020-01358-2 |
| Title | A novel optimized pre-embedding antibody-labelling correlative light electron microscopy technique |
| Description | This method provides a protocol and tips for further optimisation to allow fusing of standard immunofluorescence with electron microscopy of the same cells. This is an accessible correlative light electron microscopy protocol that does not require specialised equipment or availability of biological resources expressing fluorescent proteins. |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Year Produced | 2024 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | This method has been used by others at TPI to study bRSV inclusion bodies. |
| Title | Comprehensive analysis of genetic variants across immune loci in indigenous breeds. |
| Description | The interferon-induced transmembrane (IFITM) protein family comprises a class of restriction factors widely characterised in humans for their potent antiviral activity. Their biological activity is well documented in several animal species, but their genetic variation and biological mechanism is less well understood, particularly in avian species. Here we report the complete sequence of the domestic chicken Gallus gallus IFITM locus from a wide variety of chicken breeds to examine the detailed pattern of genetic variation of the locus on chromosome 5, including the flanking genes ATHL1 and B4GALNT4. We have generated chIFITM sequences from commercial breeds (supermarket-derived chicken breasts), ancient bone samples, indigenous chickens from Nigeria (Nsukka) and Ethiopia, European breeds and inbred chicken lines from The Pirbright Institute, totalling of 211 chickens. Through mapping of genetic variants to the latest chIFITM consensus sequence our data reveal that the chIFITM locus does not show structural variation in the locus across the populations analysed, despite spanning diverse breeds from different geographic locations. However, single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in functionally important regions of the proteins within certain groups of chickens were detected, in particular the European breeds and indigenous birds from Ethiopia and Nigeria. In addition, we also found that two out of four SNVs located in the chIFITM1 (Ser36 and Arg77) and chIFITM3 (Val103) proteins were simultaneously under positive selection. Together these data suggest that IFITM genetic variation may contribute to the capacities of different chicken populations to resist viral infection. |
| Type Of Material | Model of mechanisms or symptoms - non-mammalian in vivo |
| Year Produced | 2019 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | This paper is currently in press in. BMC Genomics. |
| Title | Correlative Light and Electron Microscopy (CLEM) on IBDV-infected cells |
| Description | Jenny Simpson and Pippa Hawes have developed the technique of Correlative Light and Electron Microscopy (CLEM). This technique has been used to visualise Virus Factories of IBDV. |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Year Produced | 2019 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | The Virus Factories (VFs) of IBDV were thought to be paracrystalline arrays of virions in the cytoplasm. However, combining our GFP11-tagged IBDV with CLEM technology revealed that the VFs are actually proteinaceous accumulations in the cytoplasm. This has opened up a new avenue of research in terms of the ultrastructure, formation and function of the VFs. |
| Title | Deep sequencing to identify RNA packaging signals |
| Description | A novel and simple approach to identify predicted RNA secondary structures involved in genome packaging in positive sense RNA viruses (e.g. the picornavirus foot-and-mouth disease virus [FMDV]). By interrogating deep sequencing data generated from both packaged and unpackaged populations of RNA, we have determined multiple regions of the genome with constrained variation in the packaged population. Predicted secondary structures of these regions revealed stem-loops with conservation of structure and a common motif at the loop. Disruption of these features resulted in attenuation of virus growth in cell culture due to a reduction in assembly of mature virions. This study provides evidence for the involvement of predicted RNA structures in picornavirus packaging and offers a readily transferable methodology for identifying packaging requirements in many other viruses. |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Year Produced | 2017 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | Impact so far is fundamental knowledge but with several potential avenues for future impact in for example improved vaccines. |
| Title | Development of CLEM techniques for RSV |
| Description | We have developed the technical expertise to perform correlative light electron microscopy on respiratory syncytial virus infected cells. This allows us to directly compare immunofluorescent images with transmission EM of the same cell. |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Year Produced | 2019 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | We have recently submitted a paper and grant building on this expertise, as well as forging new collaborations with Diamond light source. |
| Title | Development of SARS-CoV-2 pseudotypes |
| Description | Method to allow assessment of SARS-CoV-2 entry, which can be used in various experiments including VNTs to assess humoral immune response (in convalescent or vaccinated individuals) |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Year Produced | 2020 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | Application in the establishment of the SARS-CoV-2 international reference standard by NIBSC |
| Title | Development of assays for quantifying fusion inhibitory antibodies in sera (mFIT assay) |
| Description | We have developed a micro-fusion inhibition test (mFIT) assay to identify and quantify antibody responses (to vaccines etc.) which are capable of inhibiting viral induced cell-cell fusion. This test has been developed for various negative strand viruses (Nipah and RSV) as well as SARS-CoV-2 |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Year Produced | 2020 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | This assay was used to aide development of the NIBSC WHO international standard for SARS-CoV-2 |
| Title | Development of high-throughput assay for examining viral mediated cell-cell fusion |
| Description | We have developed and optimised high-throughput assays (96 well plate format) to examine viral induced cell-cell fusion, using an adapted Bi-FC approach. We are using this to identify inhibitors of paramyxovirus, e.g. measles and RSV, fusion and attachment proteins as well as SARS-CoV-2. This has been integrated with next-generation platforms such as the Incucyte real-time imaging system available at The Pirbright Institute, and the system has been rationalised so that it is entirely inducible. |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Year Produced | 2018 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | We are using this assay to examine the innate immune restriction of paramyxovirus replication. |
| Title | Fluorescence Recovery after Photobleaching (FRAP) of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) replication factories |
| Description | Fluorescence Recovery after Photobleaching (FRAP) of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) replication factories. |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Year Produced | 2020 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | We have used this technology to determine that IBDV replication factories display qualities of liquid-liquid phase separation |
| Title | Fluorescence activated single cell sorting to isolate gene-deleted/modified African swine fever virus |
| Description | A method was developed to use fluoresecence activated single cell sorting to isolate recombinant gene-deleted ASFV using insertion of fluorescence protein genes under control of African swine fever virus promoters as reporter to isolate cells infected with recombinant viruses. This method was used to generate 15 different single and multiple gene-deleted ASFV and study the impact of the gene deletions on virus replication and host responses and develop candidate live attenuated vaccines. This method has been further refined by splitting the fluorescent protein gene such that two genes can be deleted at the same time. |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Year Produced | 2021 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | Development of candidate gene-deleted live attenuated African swine fever virus vaccines |
| URL | https://doi.org/10.3390/v12060615 |
| Title | Gene expression analysis by qPCR to investigate the host immune response |
| Description | Evaluation of regulation of gene expression involved in the interferon response during viral infection is investigated by qPCR. Analysis of reference genes and experimental genes expression are compared to normalised gene expression variation and link them to events of up- and down-regulation in tissues collected during animal studies or from in vitro data of infected cells. The reference genes are first selected based on the variables occurring in the study (GeNorm and NormFinder are adopted for the selection) and the experimental genes linked to the interferon analysis are normalised to those basal expression level. The delta-deltaCt comparison is used to infer the fold change in gene expression. |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Year Produced | 2021 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | The analysis of gene expression linked to interferon response has been used for evaluating the effect of viral replication during IBV infection, testing tissues collected during an animal study. Viral loads quantified by qPCR have been correlated to gene expression levels in tissues collected from birds infected with different recombinant IBV thought to have a targeted influence on the immune response. Equally, mock infected birds have been analysed to provide the basal expression data and threshold. The data have been collected and analysed for the manuscript "Recombinant avian infectious bronchitis viruses with targeted modifications in the nsp3 Macrodomain are attenuated in vivo and display morphological distinct phenotypes in vitro" under preparation. |
| Title | IBDV Reverse Genetics System |
| Description | We have developed a reverse genetics system for IBDV. |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | We have used the reverse genetics system to generate recombinant IBDVs and chimeric recombinant IBDVs that contain genes from classical and very virulent strains of IBDV in the background of a cell culture adapted attenuated strain. This will enable us to study the effect of individual virus genes on pathogenicity. |
| Title | Identified the best sampling material for the PPR virus genome detection |
| Description | Quantifying the DNA from all the body fluids of PPR virus infected goats we demonstrated that non-invasive nasal samples are the best material for the genome detection as virus appears as early as 2 days post infection before any clinical signs appear and the virus detection linger for this sample type than any other sample. |
| Type Of Material | Biological samples |
| Year Produced | 2019 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | As we have shown the best sample type for the detection of PPR virus, we have not to do many sample analysis which save the money and effort during the eradication programme. |
| Title | Library of Arenavirus and alphacoronavirus receptors and attachment proteins |
| Description | We have developed a wide database of attachment proteins and receptors for two different virus groups to help better understand virus host range. This was developed in collaboration with a bioinformatician to help select a representative database. |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Year Produced | 2023 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | None to date - project still ongoing. |
| Title | Luciferase assay responsive to chMX stimulation for detection of bioactive IFN |
| Description | A luciferase assay was established for detection of chicken bioactive interferon in biological samples. A plasmid was generated containing the chMX responsive element paired with the luciferase gene. Transfection of DF1 cells with the selected plasmid, paired with a renilla based construct for estimating transfection efficiency allowing data normalisation is conducted to quantify the amount of interferon (IFN) units in the tested sample. Comparison of Renilla and luciferase luminescence values (RLU) detected by a luminometer upon use of a reporter system allows for the relative comparison of IFN quantity in different samples. |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Year Produced | 2021 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | The quantification of bioactive interferon allows for the detection of an innate immune response in the context of viral infections. Specifically, reverse genetics targeting selected genes (nsp3, nsp16, spike) and allowing the generation of recombinant viruses with potential implication in the host interaction have been tested by this method to quantify the impact of the targeted modification in the ability of each rIBV to induce interferon. Notably interferon response is the first line of defence during viral infection. The assay has been tested on in vitro infections conducted in chicken kidney cells. The assay will also be used to evaluate the impact of temperature sensitivity of rIBVs in the context of the IFN immune response. |
| Title | Optimisation of chicken kidney cell culture preparation |
| Description | We have optimised the method of extracting kidneys and preparing chicken kidney (CK) cell cultures from chickens. CK cells are used for in vitro assays to study avian viruses, in particular infectious bronchitis virus. |
| Type Of Material | Cell line |
| Year Produced | 2017 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | This has increased the yield of viable cells and the quality of the cell cultures. We can now obtain the number of cells we require using fewer chicken kidneys, therefore requiring fewer chickens to be culled. This is an important development for the 3Rs. We hope to publish this method for others' information. |
| Title | Optimisation of preparation of TOCs from adult chickens |
| Description | Tracheal organ cultures (TOCs) are prepared from chicken embryos and used to assess growth of avian viruses that are not able to be propagated in cell culture. We have optimised the method of TOCs preparation from 3-week old chickens and are using these to assess viral genetic stability and phenotype in organ cultures that are a similar environment to the site of replication in whole chickens. |
| Type Of Material | Cell line |
| Year Produced | 2018 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | We hope that this technique will reduce the number of chickens required for in vivo experiments, in line with the 3Rs, and plan to publish the method in due course. |
| Title | Panel of ACE2 proteins for screening SARS-CoV-2 host range |
| Description | A biological library of ACE2 expression constructs representing receptors from 22 different human and animal species. In 2022 we extended this to over 60 proteins to widen our understanding of sarbecovirus host range. |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Year Produced | 2020 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | Establishment of surveillance tools to examine the potential reverse zoonotic spillover of SARS-CoV-2 into anima species |
| Title | Stable chicken cell lines overexpressing chicken IFITM1,2 and 3 |
| Description | In collaboration with Mark Fife, we have produced chicken stable cell lines overexpressing chicken IFITM1,2, 3 and a mutant chicken IFITM3 lacking palmitoylation sites. |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Year Produced | 2017 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | These cell lines will be used to evaluate the effect of the IFITM proteins on the replication of different viruses, including IBDV. |
| Title | Use of reverse genetics to develop PPR DIVA vaccines |
| Description | Reverse genetics technique has been established for PPR virus in our laboratory. As PPR vaccine is a live attenuated virus, it is not possible to differentiate between vaccinated and infected animals (DIVA) in existing antibody assays. However using reverse genetics technique we have manipulated/mutated residues in the full-length cDNA of virus and rescued the live attenuated vaccine strain which worked as a DIVA vaccine. Using this technique a GFP ( Green fluorescent protein) has been introduced into the virulent PPR virus that helped to follow the virus in the infected goats. Similarly using this technique we have modified the existing live attenuated viruses ( Nigeria 75/1) and Sungri 96/1) in to recombinant marker vaccines that enables to differentiate between infection and vaccination ( DIVA). So we have demonstrated that reverse genetics tool can be used to study the pathogenesis and to develop the marker vaccines. This technique can be adapted for other negative strand viruses to design the DIVA vaccines. |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Year Produced | 2015 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | PPR DIVA vaccine developed that can differentiate between vaccinated and infected animals. This will be helpful to know the efficacy of vaccine by knowing the presence antibodies in animal is due to vaccination or infection. This will reduce the eradication time and will facilitate to declare freedom of diseases as soon as Possible without long waiting period. |
| Title | chimeric IBDVs |
| Description | Andrew Broadbent has engineered chimeric IBDVs expressing individual genes from a very virulent strain in the backbone of an attenuated strain. |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Year Produced | 2018 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | These chimeric strains can be used to define viral determinants of virulence. |
| Title | chimeric recombinant IBDV with the hypervariable region from field strains |
| Description | Using our reverse genetics system and B cell culture system, we have engineered a chimeric IBDV with the backbone of a lab-adapted strain, but containing the hyper variable region of the capsid from a very virulent field strain (UK661). |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Year Produced | 2020 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | This is a proof of concept that it is possible to engineer an IBDV containing the hypervariable region from another strain. We now plan to engineer chimeric viruses with the hypervariable region from strains belonging to different genogroups from different geographical regions and use them to screen the serum from vaccinated birds to deduce the breadth of antibody responses. |
| Title | in vitro model of IBDV antigenic drift in chicken B cells |
| Description | IBDV vaccines do not induce sterilising immunity, meaning vaccinated birds can become infected with field strains. As for other viruses, it is thought that vaccine-induced immune selection pressure drives the evolution of antigenic drift variants that accumulate amino acid changes in the hypervariable region of the capsid, which may lead to vaccine failures. However, antigenic drift has not been studied in any detail for IBDV, and there is therefore a paucity of information regarding how plastic the capsid is, how quickly mutations arise and become fixed in the virus population, or whether some are more dominant than others. One way of studying this is to vaccinate chickens with sub-protective doses and then challenge them with field strains of IBDV and then sequence the resulting viruses that emerge. To replace the use of birds in these experiments, we have developed an in vitro model of antigenic drift by serially passaging a field strain, F5270, in the immortalised chicken B cell line, DT40, in the presence of sub-neutralising concentrations of vaccine-induced antibodies to better characterise changes in the capsid. |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Year Produced | 2019 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | In our model, amino acid mutations arose in the hypervariable region of the IBDV capsid at the same sites previously observed in field studies, validating our model. Furthermore, we demonstrated that mutations arose early, by only 5 passages in chicken B cells, which subsequently became fixed by 10 passages. We are now doing next generation sequencing to better characterise the plasticity of the capsid. |
| Title | porcine TOCs |
| Description | We have developed the method of preparing and infecting tracheal organ cultures (TOCs) from pigs with porcine coronaviruses. |
| Type Of Material | Cell line |
| Year Produced | 2021 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | The development of the porcine TOCs will allow us to study the replication, tropism and evolution of porcine coronaviruses in biologically relevant tissues, without the requirement for an in vivo study. Porcine coronaviruses can be used as a model for SARS-CoV-2 infection of humans. |
| Title | replication competent recombinant split-GFP infectious bursal disease virus |
| Description | We have generated a replication competent recombinant split-GFP infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) where a small GFP11 molecule is tagged to the virus polymerase (VP1) to make IBDV-VP1-GFP11. Infected cells that express the GFP1-10 molecule fluoresce green when the GFP11 tag complements the GFP1-10. The IBDV-VP1-GFP11 colocalises with VP3 and dsRNA and therefore is likely to be present at the sites of virus replication. |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Year Produced | 2017 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | This tool can be used to study IBDV replication complex development in infected cells. |
| Title | tetracysteine-tagged IBDV |
| Description | Andrew Broadbent has engineered a tetracysteine (TC)-tagged IBDV that can be used in live cell imaging and co-infection studies with the split-GFP IBDV. |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Year Produced | 2018 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | This tool, combined with the split-GFP IBDV, will enable us to study co-infection, super-infection exclusion, and the intracellular requirements for viral reassortment. |
| Title | Additional file 3 of Low pathogenic avian influenza virus infection retards colon microbiota diversification in two different chicken lines |
| Description | Additional file 3. Supplementary Table S5. |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2021 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| URL | https://springernature.figshare.com/articles/dataset/Additional_file_3_of_Low_pathogenic_avian_influ... |
| Title | Additional file 3 of Low pathogenic avian influenza virus infection retards colon microbiota diversification in two different chicken lines |
| Description | Additional file 3. Supplementary Table S5. |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2021 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| URL | https://springernature.figshare.com/articles/dataset/Additional_file_3_of_Low_pathogenic_avian_influ... |
| Title | Analysis of paramyxovirus replication using Incucyte real-time imager |
| Description | We have optimised a data analysis pipeline for the Incucyte real-time imager to allow us to track viral replication in a high-throughput fashion (up to 6 x 96-well plates). This is based on simultaneous analysis of phase, as well as green and red fluorescence. |
| Type Of Material | Data analysis technique |
| Year Produced | 2018 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | Only preliminary data to date. |
| Title | FDA drug screening of RSV and SARS-CoV-2 cell-cell fusion |
| Description | Using inducible cell-cell fusion assays for SARS-CoV-2 and RSV we have screened the FDA approved use drug library for inhibitors of these viral-induced processes |
| Type Of Material | Data analysis technique |
| Year Produced | 2022 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | No impact as yet, data still being validated in live virus assays |
| Title | Genome browser for MDV infected chicken cells |
| Description | The database integrates and makes available the results of the bioinformatics analysis of several experiments involving high-throughput sequencing of chicken cells infected by several viruses (mainly Marek's Disease Virus) generated within the Avian Viral Disease group at the Pirbright Institute. |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2015 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | The genome browser allows the researchers to meaningfully mine and integrate the large amount of data produced by their experiments, guiding subsequent experimental hypothesis-driven validation in the lab. |
| Title | IBV GeCKO screen |
| Description | A genome-wide CRISPR knockout screen dataset to identify pro-viral cellular factors for the replication of IBV in avian cells. |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2024 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | The dataset is supporting follow-on funding applications. |
| Title | IBV transcriptome/proteome/phospho-proteome |
| Description | A dataset representing the whole cell transcriptome, proteome and phospho-proteome taken from parallel samples taken at the same timepoint post infection. |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2024 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | This dataset is supporting follow-on characterisation of the importance of identified genes/proteins in virus replication. |
| Title | Method to detect the expression of repetitive genes |
| Description | Reconstructing expression levels of genes having a high repeat content is difficult, due to the impossibility of assigning RNA-sequencing that have multiple mappings to their correct originating location. In collaboration with the Immunogenetics group, the Integrative Biology and Bioinformatics groups are developing a data analysis method to circumvent the problem.The method has already been shown to be effective on some KIR genes in cattle. An essential component of the immune system, their family is rich in repeated members and repetitive regions, making the technique essential if one wants to study them. |
| Type Of Material | Data analysis technique |
| Year Produced | 2017 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | Being able to resolve the expression of repetitive genes, which are plentiful in most mammalian genomes, would be essential to the high-precision study of many important gene families, including most of the genes of the immune system. The technique has already proven itself effective on a real-life problem, and holds the potential to be extended to many more biological systems |
| Title | Technique for analysing interferon stimulated gene inhibition of RSV cell-cell fusion |
| Description | We have developed the techniques and performed the experiments to examine the effect of over-expressing individual interferon stimulated genes on RSV (bovine and human) replication and cell-cell fusion. This was achieved through integration of library technologies (for the ISGs) and high throughout imaging platforms. |
| Type Of Material | Data analysis technique |
| Year Produced | 2021 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | No impact yet as data has still to be published. Manuscript in preparation. |
| Title | Viral assembly pipeline |
| Description | The Integrative Biology and Bioinformatics group has developed a data analysis pipeline to obtain sensitive and robust viral assemblies out of high-throughput sequencing data. In spite of the relatively short genomic length of most viruses, assembling of viral sequences can be challenging due to several reasons, such as: low amount of material in the sample, which might require amplification, introducing biases, and/or generates low-quality sequences; uneven coverage due to low-quality material or the genomic material of the virus being RNA; the viral nucleic acid being almost lost in the background of nucleic acid of the host. Our pipeline overcomes most of those problems, and is even able to detect different viral strains being present together in the same sample. It can also be used on metagenomic environmental samples. |
| Type Of Material | Data analysis technique |
| Year Produced | 2017 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | The pipeline is being deployed as the tool of choice for the nascent sequencing facility at Pirbright. It has been used by several groups at Pirbright, and the FMDV World Reference Lab, in order to assemble very different kinds of viruses. |
| Title | Viral variant calling pipeline |
| Description | The Integrative Biology and Bioinformatics group has developed a data analysis pipeline to obtain sensitive and robust variant calling for viral sequences out of high-throughput sequencing data. In spite of the relatively short genomic length of most viruses, calling variant for viral sequences can be challenging due to several reasons, such as: low amount of material in the sample, which might require amplification, introducing biases, and/or generates low-quality sequences; very high genome coverage, which slows down most existing variant callers; the presence of a potentially very high number of different haplotypes for RNA viruses, which is an unusual scenario in variant calling. Our fast and sensitive Bayesian pipeline overcomes most of those problems. |
| Type Of Material | Data analysis technique |
| Year Produced | 2017 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | The pipeline is being deployed as the tool of choice for the nascent sequencing facility at Pirbright. It has been used by several groups at Pirbright, and the FMDV World Reference Lab, in order to assemble very different kinds of viruses. |
| Description | ASFV Structure |
| Organisation | University of Oxford |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We have prepared samples for analysis |
| Collaborator Contribution | Electron tomographic analysis of the samples we provided. |
| Impact | None as yet. |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | African swine fever virus transcriptomics |
| Organisation | University College London |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Provided RNA from African swine fever virus infected cells. Provided expertise on African swine fever virus |
| Collaborator Contribution | RNA sequencing and data analysis |
| Impact | Publication in J Virology first description of the complete genome wide ASFV transcriptome |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | Andrew Davidson - Proteome of viral replication organelles |
| Organisation | University of Bristol |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Projects are being initiated to study the cellular proteins associated with coronavirus replication organelle membranes and a funding application has been submitted to BBSRC. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Andrew has provided assistance with experimental planning and drafting of a grant application. He has also provided protocols to allow preliminary data to be generated. Once protocols have been established, Andrew will facilitate mass spectrometry data generation and will analyse the resulting data. |
| Impact | No outcomes to date, projects being initiated and funding applications in progress. |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | Annika Posautz; University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna. Morbillivirus host-diversity analysis. |
| Organisation | University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna |
| Country | Austria |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Sharing of research data regarding morbillivirus host-range and technical support to the project. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Provision of tissue samples from potential morbillivirus hosts, e.g. carnivores. |
| Impact | No outcomes as yet. |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | Aviagen |
| Organisation | Aviagen |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | Influenza virus expertise in poultry. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Sharing of commercial poultry breed resources |
| Impact | We have a sponsored PhD studentship to commence Oct 2021 agreed. |
| Start Year | 2020 |
| Description | Belsham |
| Organisation | Technical University of Denmark |
| Country | Denmark |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Joint PhD studentship and ongoing collaboration on capsid assembly |
| Collaborator Contribution | Joint PhD studentship and ongoing collaboration on capsid assembly |
| Impact | Joint PhD studentship Further funding |
| Start Year | 2016 |
| Description | Belsham |
| Organisation | University of Copenhagen |
| Country | Denmark |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Joint PhD studentship and ongoing collaboration on capsid assembly |
| Collaborator Contribution | Joint PhD studentship and ongoing collaboration on capsid assembly |
| Impact | Joint PhD studentship Further funding |
| Start Year | 2016 |
| Description | Ben Neuman - Study of IBV induced membrane rearrangements |
| Organisation | Texas A&M University–Texarkana |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | My team provide samples for electron microscopy analysis. In addition, we provide expertise in molecular virology and cell biology and experience of membrane rearrangements induced by infectious bronchitis virus. I contribute intellectual input in data analysis and project development. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Ben Neuman and his team perform electron microscopy sample processing and imaging as well as experience in data processing. Ben Neuman also contributes intellectual input in data analysis and project development. |
| Impact | Maier et al. Extensive coronavirus induced membrane rearrangements are not a determinant of pathogenicity. Sci. Rep. 6: 27126. |
| Start Year | 2014 |
| Description | Ben Neuman - Study of IBV induced membrane rearrangements |
| Organisation | University of Reading |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | My team provide samples for electron microscopy analysis. In addition, we provide expertise in molecular virology and cell biology and experience of membrane rearrangements induced by infectious bronchitis virus. I contribute intellectual input in data analysis and project development. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Ben Neuman and his team perform electron microscopy sample processing and imaging as well as experience in data processing. Ben Neuman also contributes intellectual input in data analysis and project development. |
| Impact | Maier et al. Extensive coronavirus induced membrane rearrangements are not a determinant of pathogenicity. Sci. Rep. 6: 27126. |
| Start Year | 2014 |
| Description | Bioimaging collaboration with Dr. Daniel Clare, Dr. James Gilchrist, Dr. Pippa Hawes - cryo-electron tomography Diamond Light Source |
| Organisation | Diamond Light Source |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | Development of preliminary data on inclusion body structure to support higher resolution approaches. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Discussion of project and experimental design, technological approaches and limitations. |
| Impact | No outputs to date. Multi-disciplinary team of virologists and structural biologists |
| Start Year | 2020 |
| Description | Biophysics collaboration with Prof. Stephen McKnight, UTSW-Dallas |
| Organisation | University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Development of preliminary data on the biophysics and biochemistry of inclusion bodies |
| Collaborator Contribution | Supportive comments on grant applications and experimental design advice. |
| Impact | No outputs to date |
| Start Year | 2020 |
| Description | Cambridge |
| Organisation | University of Cambridge |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Collaborative research on epitope display systems and use of functional genetic screens. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Collaborative research on epitope display systems and use of functional genetic screens. |
| Impact | Collaborative research on epitope display systems and use of functional genetic screens. |
| Start Year | 2022 |
| Description | Chicken Microbiome - Robert La Ragione - University of Surrey |
| Organisation | University of Surrey |
| Department | School of Veterinary Medicine |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Providing sequencing data of gut microbiome from chickens infected with avian influenza viruses. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Sharing expertise in the analysis of microbiome data |
| Impact | Joint manuscripts and funding opportunities are being explored |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | Collaboration on SARS-CoV-2 host range with Prof. Wendy Barclay |
| Organisation | Imperial College London |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Assaying novel SARS-CoV-2 variant sequences for increased tropism to non-human receptors |
| Collaborator Contribution | Provision of variant Spike constructs |
| Impact | Mutations that adapt SARS-CoV-2 to mink or ferret do not increase fitness in the human airway. Zhou J, Peacock TP, Brown JC, Goldhill DH, Elrefaey AME, Penrice-Randal R, Cowton VM, De Lorenzo G, Furnon W, Harvey WT, Kugathasan R, Frise R, Baillon L, Lassaunière R, Thakur N, Gallo G, Goldswain H, Donovan-Banfield I, Dong X, Randle NP, Sweeney F, Glynn MC, Quantrill JL, McKay PF, Patel AH, Palmarini M, Hiscox JA, Bailey D, Barclay WS. Cell Rep. 2022 Feb 8;38(6):110344. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35093235/ |
| Start Year | 2020 |
| Description | Collaboration with Alex Borodavka on virus phase separation |
| Organisation | University of Cambridge |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Development of ideas and discussions of experimental plans to work on RNA virus phase separation |
| Collaborator Contribution | Development of ideas and discussions of experimental plans to work on RNA virus phase separation |
| Impact | Work is still ongoing |
| Start Year | 2022 |
| Description | Collaboration with Bauchi State Veterinary Services, Nigeria |
| Organisation | Bauchi State University |
| Country | Nigeria |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We have provided expertise on sheeppox, goatpox and lumpy skin disease virus diagnosis and epidemiology |
| Collaborator Contribution | Our collaborators in Bauchi State have provided virus samples and epidemiological data |
| Impact | Preliminary data was used to support successful funding via a BBSRC Impact Accelerator Award, and a Pathways to Impact project in BBSRC project BB/R008833/1 "Development of rationally designed live-attenuated lumpy skin disease vaccines" |
| Start Year | 2016 |
| Description | Collaboration with Dr. Joe Grove, CVR-Glasgow on viral entry |
| Organisation | University of Glasgow |
| Department | MRC - University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Development of a HCV fusion assay and analysis of mutants |
| Collaborator Contribution | Larger scale analysis of mechanisms of HCV entry |
| Impact | This work has already been published in eLife. |
| Start Year | 2022 |
| Description | Collaboration with Dr. Lindsay Broadbent on RSV |
| Organisation | University of Surrey |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We worked together to write a joint application for a PhD project between Pirbright and Surrey on examining the innate immune response to RSV in ALI models of the lung. |
| Collaborator Contribution | We worked together to write a joint application for a PhD project between Pirbright and Surrey on examining the innate immune response to RSV in ALI models of the lung. |
| Impact | The PhD project was funded and a student has been recruited to start in October 2022. |
| Start Year | 2022 |
| Description | Collaboration with Dr. Michelle Linterman on Covid vaccine responses |
| Organisation | Babraham Institute |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We have performed virus neutralisation tests for SARS-CoV-2 against various sera from vaccinated mice, primarily looking at the response to ageing. |
| Collaborator Contribution | This work is led by the Linterman group at Babraham and we are the collaborators. They do all the mouse experiments etc. |
| Impact | There have been a number of publications already as part of this collaboration. |
| Start Year | 2022 |
| Description | Collaboration with Dr. Tom Peacock on coronavirus in wildlife including bats |
| Organisation | Imperial College London |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We have performed experiments on sarbecovirus host range and shared reagents and plasmids |
| Collaborator Contribution | Tom has performed assays looking at sarbecovirus receptor usage and collaborated with bat ecologists |
| Impact | Publication under review |
| Start Year | 2022 |
| Description | Collaboration with Dr. Tyler Starr and Prof. Jesse Bloom on sarbecoviruses |
| Organisation | Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCRC) |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Worked together to establish this UK-US collaboration and write a small application for internal funding. Organised a research visit and developed reagents for experimentation. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Worked together to establish this UK-US collaboration and write a small application for internal funding. Agreed to share DMS technology and train and host PDRAs from Pirbright. |
| Impact | None to date, work still ongoing or planned |
| Start Year | 2022 |
| Description | Collaboration with Katie Doores on Covid immunity |
| Organisation | King's College London |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We have developed a series of SARS-CoV-2 Spike mutants to understand the immune response to vaccination and/or infection |
| Collaborator Contribution | The Doores lab have generated a large panel of human monoclonal antibodies from Covid-infected/vaccinated people |
| Impact | Project is still ongoing |
| Start Year | 2022 |
| Description | Collaboration with Neeltje can Doremalen on Covid vaccines |
| Organisation | National Institutes of Health (NIH) |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Public |
| PI Contribution | We have performed virus neutralisation assays for SARS-CoV-2 against sera from hamsters and other animals vaccinated and/or infected with Covid vaccines. |
| Collaborator Contribution | They performed all the main experiments including the hamster infections. |
| Impact | Some of this work has been published already in Nature Communications. |
| Start Year | 2022 |
| Description | Collaboration with Prof. Jane McKeating on RSV and SARS-CoV-2 virology |
| Organisation | University of Oxford |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 cell-cell fusion under various conditions, and with chemical inhibitors Provision of RSV reagents |
| Collaborator Contribution | Provision of inhibitors and other reagents Experimentation with RSV |
| Impact | None yet, paper under review |
| Start Year | 2020 |
| Description | Collaboration with Prof. Nic Locker |
| Organisation | University of Surrey |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Development of ideas and discussions of experimental plans to work on RNA virus phase separation. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Development of ideas and discussions of experimental plans to work on RNA virus phase separation. Sharing of protocols and experimental reagents. |
| Impact | Work is still ongoing. |
| Start Year | 2022 |
| Description | Collaboration with Ravi Gupta, University of Cambridge |
| Organisation | University of Cambridge |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Collaboration on recurrent emergence of SARS-CoV-2 spike deletion H69/V70 and its role in the biology of this virus. We performed research towards a paper focusing on related sarbecoviruses (RaTG13) |
| Collaborator Contribution | Ravi's group led this research to understand the recurrent emergence of SARS-CoV-2 spike deletion H69/V70, leading to publication in Cell Reports. |
| Impact | Recurrent emergence of SARS-CoV- spike deletion H69/V70 and role in B.1.1.7. Meng B, Kemp SA, Papa G, Datir R, Ferriera I, Marelli S, Harvey WT, Lytras S, Mohamed A, Gallo G, Thakur N, Collier DA, Mlcochova P, The COVID-9 Genomics UK (COG-UK) Consortium, Duncan LM, Carabelli AM, Kenyon JC, Lever AM, De Marco A, Saliba C, Culap K, Cameroni E, Matheson NJ, Piccoli L, Corti D, James LC, Robertson DL, Bailey D, Gupta RK. Cell Rep. 2021 Jun 29;35(13):109292. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109292. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34166617/ |
| Start Year | 2021 |
| Description | Collaboration with St George's Hospital, University of London |
| Organisation | St George's University of London |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Molecular virology expertise, funding and high containment facilities |
| Collaborator Contribution | Molecular biology expertise, particularly in the interferon response, and provision of some reagents |
| Impact | Paper: J Virol. 2020 Dec 16:JVI.01136-20. |
| Start Year | 2015 |
| Description | Collaboration with State Central Veterinary Laboratory, Mongolia |
| Organisation | State Central Veterinary Laboratory |
| Country | Mongolia |
| Sector | Public |
| PI Contribution | We provided tools, techniques and expertise on sheeppox and goatpox |
| Collaborator Contribution | Our colleagues provided data and field samples |
| Impact | A workshop was held in Pirbright in March 2017, and a return workshop in Ulaanbaatar in July 2017. Preliminary data supported successful grant applications for an Impact Accelerator Award, and a Pathways to Impact project in BB/R008833/1 "Development of rationally designed live-attenuated lumpy skin disease vaccines". |
| Start Year | 2016 |
| Description | Collaboration with Surrey University on proteomics |
| Organisation | University of Surrey |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Sharing of ideas and reagents to work on RSV data sets and new experimental approaches. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Provision of expertise in analysing mass spec data and access to high-tech machines for downstream analysis. |
| Impact | None to date, although papers are being written up. |
| Start Year | 2022 |
| Description | Collaboration with University of Bristol |
| Organisation | University of Bristol |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We are collaborating on a PhD studentship to investigate "Rational development of the next generation of vaccines for Infectious Bronchitis Virus". We have sourced the funding and are hosting the student. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Our partners at Bristol are supervising the PhD student and we have monthly meetings to discuss project progress. |
| Impact | None yet. |
| Start Year | 2024 |
| Description | Collaboration with University of Cambridge |
| Organisation | University of Cambridge |
| Department | Virology |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We have performed experiments with SARS-CoV-2 to investigate the host response to infection in vitro. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Our partners have led the research and we have published a paper detailing the results. |
| Impact | Information on the host responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. Echavarría-Consuegra L, Cook GM, Busnadiego I, Lefèvre C, Keep S, Brown K, Doyle N, Dowgier G, Franaszek K, Moore NA, Siddell SG, Bickerton E, Hale BG, Firth AE, Brierley I, Irigoyen N. Manipulation of the unfolded protein response: A pharmacological strategy against coronavirus infection. PLoS Pathog. 2021 Jun 17;17(6):e1009644. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009644. PMID: 34138976; PMCID: PMC8211288. |
| Start Year | 2020 |
| Description | Collaboration with University of Cambridge |
| Organisation | University of Cambridge |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We have performed in vitro experiments with infectious bronchitis virus, contributed to data analysis, preparation of manuscripts and discussed further funding opportunities. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Our partners have analysed viral transcription and translation, and host gene expression after infection of host cells with infectious bronchitis virus, prepared manuscripts and discussed further funding opportunities. |
| Impact | Dinan, A., Keep, S., Bickerton, E., Britton, P., Firth, A. and Brierley, I. (2019) Comparative analysis of gene expression in virulent and attenuated strains of infectious bronchitis virus at sub-codon resolution. J. Virol. 93(18) e00714-19. PhD studentship funding from The Pirbright Institute "Investigation of Canonical and Noncanonical Transcription during Coronavirus Replication" which commenced in 2021. |
| Start Year | 2012 |
| Description | Collaboration with University of Oxford and Warwick |
| Organisation | University of Oxford |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We have supplied coronavirus samples and coronavirus expertise to the collaboration. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Our partners have led the research and we have published a paper detailing the results. |
| Impact | Evaluation of imaging technologies to detect coronavirus-infected samples. Shiaelis N, Tometzki A, Peto L, McMahon A, Hepp C, Bickerton E, Favard C, Muriaux D, Andersson M, Oakley S, Vaughan A, Matthews PC, Stoesser N, Crook DW, Kapanidis AN, Robb NC. Virus Detection and Identification in Minutes Using Single-Particle Imaging and Deep Learning. ACS Nano. 2023 Jan 10;17(1):697-710. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.2c10159. Epub 2022 Dec 21. PMID: 36541630; PMCID: PMC9836350. |
| Start Year | 2020 |
| Description | Collaboration with University of Oxford and Warwick |
| Organisation | University of Warwick |
| Department | Warwick Medical School |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We have supplied coronavirus samples and coronavirus expertise to the collaboration. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Our partners have led the research and we have published a paper detailing the results. |
| Impact | Evaluation of imaging technologies to detect coronavirus-infected samples. Shiaelis N, Tometzki A, Peto L, McMahon A, Hepp C, Bickerton E, Favard C, Muriaux D, Andersson M, Oakley S, Vaughan A, Matthews PC, Stoesser N, Crook DW, Kapanidis AN, Robb NC. Virus Detection and Identification in Minutes Using Single-Particle Imaging and Deep Learning. ACS Nano. 2023 Jan 10;17(1):697-710. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.2c10159. Epub 2022 Dec 21. PMID: 36541630; PMCID: PMC9836350. |
| Start Year | 2020 |
| Description | Collaboration with Wei Huang, Uni of Oxford on SARS2 neutralisation |
| Organisation | University of Oxford |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Hosting of students to undertake SARS2 neutralisation experiments Training and data interpretation |
| Collaborator Contribution | Provision of synthetic antibody-bearing particles for neutralisation experiments |
| Impact | Possible grant application in the future |
| Start Year | 2021 |
| Description | Collaborative PhD student project on virus-bacteria-host-vector interaction |
| Organisation | University of Edinburgh |
| Department | The Roslin Institute |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | This is a collaborative PhD studentship funded by The Pirbright Institute between Pirbright and the Roslin Institute. The student is investigating how bacteria or bacterial compounds will effect bluetongue virus replication in mammalian host cells with a specific emphasis on skin derived migratory cells. While mainly based at Pirbright the student will visit the Roslin Institute and spend some time in the lab of Prof. Jane Hope. |
| Collaborator Contribution | The student will carry out the main laboratory work at Pirbright including infection studies of ruminant primary host target cells in the presence/ absence of bacterial compounds. There will be regular meetings between the students and supervisors at Pirbright and at Roslin (at least monthly by skype) and the student will visit the Roslin group for specific work aspects such as flow cytometry of skin derived pseudo-afferent lymph cells. Roslin will also make cattle pseudo-afferent lymph cells available to the student and Pirbright for ex vivo BTV infection studies. |
| Impact | bacteriology, virology, immunology, virus-host interaction |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | Collaborative PhD studentship on the mechanisms and importance of BTV co-infections on viral reassortment and diversity |
| Organisation | University of Surrey |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Expertise on BTV infections of relevant host and vector cells, carrying out synchronous and asynchronous BTV co-infection between multiple strains, identification of superinfection exclusion, assay development for BTV strain specific detection, NGS sequencing |
| Collaborator Contribution | Expertise on analysis of large data sets especially bioinformatic analysis of NGS sequence data and identification of reassortment, application of advanced mathematical analysis |
| Impact | Shared supervision of a PhD candidate, regular team meetings, training and development of a PhD candidate across both organizations, inter-disciplinary exchange between virology, genetics, molecular diagnostics, NGS sequencing and bioinformatics, mathematical modelling |
| Start Year | 2021 |
| Description | Collaborative doctoral project on viral and insect factors influencing BTV replication in Culicoides vector insects |
| Organisation | Friedrich Loeffler Institute |
| Department | Institute of Infectology |
| Country | Germany |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | This is a shared doctoral project funded by the German partner where the student has spend significant time in our lab from August 2019- November 2020. The student has carried out her first initial part of the project (16 months) at FLI in Germany and during this time came for a 2 weeks visit in 2018 to our lab where we provided training on Culicoides biting midge biology, virus titration and handling, virus infection of insects and molecular diagnostics. During her time in our lab she managed to complete all planned insect vector BTV infection studies and generated some interesting results which will be published in the near future. The student returned to FLI for 01.12.2020 and will now complete writing her thesis for a DVM while we jointly work towards publishing of obtained results. |
| Collaborator Contribution | The main project (student salary, some consumables, travel) is funded by the German partner while we contribute costs to the consumable budget for the work carried out in our lab. We will share data obtained at either side and publish results together accordingly |
| Impact | This partnership is still ongoing. Each partner contributes their unique expertise (Virology, insect biology, next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics), the student carried out her placement at The Pirbright Institute from August 2019 to November 2020 |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Collaborative network with Ed Wright, Nigel Temperton and Giada Mattiuzzo on SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyping |
| Organisation | National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC) |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| PI Contribution | Development and establishment of SARS-CoV-2 research tools, including pseudotypes and cell-cell fusion assays |
| Collaborator Contribution | Provision of reagents, protocols and technical guidance |
| Impact | We aided in NIBSC's development of WHO international standard for SARS-CoV-2 and have a publication in press on sarbecovirus neutralisation: bioarchived here https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.08.17.456606v1 |
| Start Year | 2020 |
| Description | Collaborative network with Ed Wright, Nigel Temperton and Giada Mattiuzzo on SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyping |
| Organisation | University of Kent |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| PI Contribution | Development and establishment of SARS-CoV-2 research tools, including pseudotypes and cell-cell fusion assays |
| Collaborator Contribution | Provision of reagents, protocols and technical guidance |
| Impact | We aided in NIBSC's development of WHO international standard for SARS-CoV-2 and have a publication in press on sarbecovirus neutralisation: bioarchived here https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.08.17.456606v1 |
| Start Year | 2020 |
| Description | Collaborative network with Ed Wright, Nigel Temperton and Giada Mattiuzzo on SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyping |
| Organisation | University of Sussex |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Development and establishment of SARS-CoV-2 research tools, including pseudotypes and cell-cell fusion assays |
| Collaborator Contribution | Provision of reagents, protocols and technical guidance |
| Impact | We aided in NIBSC's development of WHO international standard for SARS-CoV-2 and have a publication in press on sarbecovirus neutralisation: bioarchived here https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.08.17.456606v1 |
| Start Year | 2020 |
| Description | Collaborative project between The Pirbright Institute, UK and Miyazaki University, Japan |
| Organisation | University of Miyazaki |
| Country | Japan |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Provision of expertise in foot-and-mouth virus research; use of high containment facilities to perform experiments |
| Collaborator Contribution | Expertise in tetramer production, analysis and provided financially towards a travel bursary. |
| Impact | The protection afforded by most foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccines depends to a large extent on humoral immunity, dictating the need to characterise the underlying mechanisms that mediate antibody production. To address this, we have developed novel major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) class II tetramers to identify antigen specific CD4+ T-cells that are present following vaccination against FMD. To date, we have used a MHC II tetramer (MHC serotype: A18) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from MHC-matched cattle vaccinated against FMD (O serotype). Importantly, we have identified CD4+ T-cells that recognise 15 epitopes (identified from 137 peptides) in the FMDV structural proteins; one in VP1, five in VP2, six in VP3 and three in VP4. This work will further our understanding of the repertoire of capsid epitopes recognised by the host's immune response following FMD vaccination and facilitate the identification of new correlates of protection. A first manuscript is in the final stages of preparation and will be submitted shortly. |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | DSTL collaboration with Steve Lever and Diane Williamson |
| Organisation | Defence Science & Technology Laboratory (DSTL) |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Public |
| PI Contribution | Discussion of experimental design for Nipah virus animal model establishment at DSTL |
| Collaborator Contribution | Discussion of experimental design for Nipah virus animal model establishment at DSTL |
| Impact | No outputs to date |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | David Matthews - Proteomics informed by transcriptomics |
| Organisation | University of Bristol |
| Department | Proteomics Facility |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Projects are being initiated to study the cellular proteins associated with coronavirus replication organelle membranes and a funding application has been submitted to BBSRC. |
| Collaborator Contribution | David has assisted in project design and drafting of a funding application to BBSRC. We are in the process of generating transcriptomics data, which David will process to provide an expressed protein database for peptide identification following mass spectrometry. |
| Impact | No outcomes to date, a funding application has been submitted to BBSRC. |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | Dr Carol Cardona, University of Minnesota- avian influenza virus challenge of IBDV or mock-infected chickens |
| Organisation | University of Minnesota |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We will challenge birds that have been exposed to IBDV, or mock exposed, with highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) strains to determine how IBDV-mediated immunosuppression impacts upon HPAI infection in chickens. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Dr Cardona's group will challenge birds that have been exposed to IBDV, or mock exposed, with low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) strains to determine how IBDV-mediated immunosuppression impacts upon LPAI infection in chickens. |
| Impact | we have been successful in obtaining funding (Grant Ref: BB/T008806/1) |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | Dr Holly Shelton, The Pirbright Institute- avian influenza virus challenge of IBDV or mock-infected chickens |
| Organisation | The Pirbright Institute |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We will expose birds to IBDV, compared to mock controls |
| Collaborator Contribution | Holly will train my group in conducting studies with avian influenza viruses and, together, we will challenge birds with highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) strains to determine how IBDV-mediated immunosuppression impacts upon HPAI infection in chickens. |
| Impact | we have been successful in obtaining funding (Grant Ref: BB/T008806/1) |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | Edinburgh - Haas |
| Organisation | University of Edinburgh |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Co-Investigator on BBSRC sLoLa award Co-Investigator on BBSRC project grant Collaboration in virus-host interactions |
| Collaborator Contribution | Co-Investigator on BBSRC sLoLa award Co-Investigator on BBSRC project grant Collaboration in virus-host interactions |
| Impact | BBSRC sLoLa award BBSRC project grant |
| Start Year | 2012 |
| Description | Evaluate the potential of AstraZeneca's sialic acid tag technology for treating influenza viruses with Fc molecules |
| Organisation | Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine |
| Department | Parasite Immunology Liverpool |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Public |
| PI Contribution | Established partnership to investigate the antiviral properties of novel antiviral ( fragment-crystallisable (Fc) molecules) compounds that potentially block influenza virus infection. These compounds will be used to test their antiviral activity against avian influenza and Newcastle Disease virus that are causing sever economic looses to the poultry industry. |
| Collaborator Contribution | The Partners have developed these antiviral compounds and showed that these compounds bids to specific cell surface receptors that are required by the virus to bind to and enter into the cell to cause infection. |
| Impact | Project is just started |
| Start Year | 2022 |
| Description | Exploiting novel porcine macrophage cell lines and ASFV virulence factors |
| Organisation | University of Plymouth |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | My team has developed gene-deleted African swine fever viruses in order to study the role of these virus genes in virus replication and modulation of host responses. These gene-deleted viruses are also being evaluated as candidate live attenuated vaccines. |
| Collaborator Contribution | University of Plymouth provided novel porcine macrophage cell lines to evaluate their susceptibility to African swine fever virus (ASFV) replication and as tools for ASFV research, vaccine development and diagnosis. These cell lines are being further characterized and developed by our partners at University of Plymouth. |
| Impact | Multi-disciplinary: Virology, Immunology, Cell biology, Vaccinology |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | Exploiting novel porcine macrophage cell lines and ASFV virulence factors |
| Organisation | Zoetis |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | The Pirbright Research Team is constructing gene deleted African swine fever viruses and is testing these in pig macrophage primary cell cultures and using novel pig macrophage cell lines from University of Plymouth. These are also being tested in pigs in immunization and challenge vaccination experiments. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Zoetis will establish conditions for scaling up of the novel pig macrophage cell lines in a commercial setting. |
| Impact | Multi-disciplinary: Virology, cell biology, pathogenesis, immunology, vaccinology |
| Start Year | 2015 |
| Description | FLU-Trailmap: Transmission and risk of avian influenza: learning more to advance preparedness |
| Organisation | Animal and Plant Health Agency |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Public |
| PI Contribution | This project brought together eight leading scientific organizations in the UK to develop strategies for mitigating bird flu. Its main objective is to devise tools that bridge significant knowledge gaps concerning the virus's prevalence in wild birds and the factors leading to its emergence in poultry. We are exploring molecular determinants potentially related to changes in virus virulence, antigenicity, cross-species transmission, and the capacity to infect humans. |
| Collaborator Contribution | The partners provided field samples and sequence data of viruses isolated from disease outbreaks. This data was used to identify molecular determinants linked to virus phenotype changes. |
| Impact | At the frontline, ethnographic surveys were designed and implemented to understand farmers perceptions of farm biosecurity. Studies highlighted the need for an improved understanding of key biosecurity risk points and the implementation of effective biosecurity practices. Outputs showed that high quality facilities and management systems can be undermined by weaknesses in procedural compliance. As such, targeted farm worker education could help mitigate against future incursions which will be addressed in the follow-on research programme, FLUTRAILMAP. Recent work indicates that farm-to-farm spread is rare and that the virus is not spread long distances as an aerosol. Linked to biosecurity, virulence for poultry and the potential role of airborne spread of the virus was evaluated. Active sampling on infected premises across different hosts supported the experimental evaluation of pathogenesis and transmission (FLUMAP: Pathogenesis) by demonstrating that this virus is not spread long distances by the aerosol route (FLUMAP: Aerosol). Further, studies demonstrated that different bird species represent different risk levels for excretion of infectious material and potential transmission routes (FLUMAP: Gannets; FLUMAP: Environment; Pheasants). Ultimately, experimental, field and genetic data supported a lack of aerosol spread between premises. In support of this, genetic analysis of over 800 full bird flu virus genomes demonstrated that farm-to-farm spread was very rare with independent incursions from wild birds driving infection in poultry (FLUMAP: Genetics; Phylodynamics). Several genetic characteristics were identified that expanded our knowledge, explaining the explosive success of the current H5N1 bird flu viruses to spread fast and infect a greater range of bird species including a shift of infection dynamics to affect seabirds (FLUMAP: Infection dynamics) and via long distance and transatlantic spread (Transatlantic). These traits have contributed to the current H5N1 viruses having increased fitness across multiple species. Contemporary H5N1 viruses have enhanced fitness to infect, transmit and persist in birds, but remain of low risk to humans (FLUMAP: Characterization; Human Case). This project has defined a role for multiple virus genes which have switched and evolved over time to act together in a highly efficient manner. To better understand key species that may tolerate infection with this virus in the absence of clinical disease, sampling of hunter harvested wild birds was undertaken. Virus positive birds were detected in a small subset of Teal, Wigeon, and Pink-Footed Geese although carcasses were not available to evaluate the distribution of virus in these birds (Healthy birds). Further assessment of different avian species using this approach are planned. Gannet populations around the UK have been severely impacted by High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza (HPAI), at Bass Rock the number of occupied nest sites decreased by over 70%. Linked to the detection of the virus in apparently healthy birds, interrogating survival from infection, and in particular the role of antibodies in birds that may have been infected, but survived infection was a key interest (FLUMAP: Gannets). FLUMAP has enabled the development of a suite of laboratory tools that will enable us to dissect the immune response in birds that may have been exposed to multiple and different influenza viruses in their lifetime. Tools are now available to dissect antibody responses to each of the two different viral surface proteins (both individually and in tandem). How these two different viral coat proteins interact with each other and what optimal protein combinations mean with respect to stability of interaction has also been assessed. These tools will enable a better understanding of how different key surface proteins drive immune responses and what that means where viruses emerge containing different coat proteins. The periodic switching of the neuraminidase (NA) protein (i.e., N8 to N1) is an important factor in influencing the emergence of new strains and the tools developed in FLUMAP will enable the impact of these genetic reassortment events to be assessed. Whilst further outputs are realised from the FLUMAP project, the follow-on project, FLUTRAILMAP, will enable the application of these data to this continually emerging global situation and will enable better prevention and mitigation approaches to be defined. |
| Start Year | 2023 |
| Description | Factor H and influenza virus |
| Organisation | Brunel University London |
| Department | Brunel Arts |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Our research team are hosting a PhD student from Brunel University to facilitate the investigation of any interaction between influenza virus and complement factor H. We are providing reagents, expertise in handling influenza virus and advice on the scientific hypothesis of the research programme. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Brunel university initiated the project and provided reagents including antibodies and methods for purification human co-factor H protein. They also provide funding for this PhD studentship. |
| Impact | No outcomes as yet |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | Finn Grey - CRISPR and ISG screens |
| Organisation | University of Edinburgh |
| Department | The Roslin Institute |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | My research team is providing expertise in coronavirus biology and regulation of the host cell environment. Laboratory experiments are being performed by my team. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Finn's team have provided reagents and are advising on experimental design and data analysis. |
| Impact | Cas-9 expressing avian cells have been generated and validated. Optimisation of the CRISPR screen is underway. |
| Start Year | 2021 |
| Description | Genetic analysis orbiviruses |
| Organisation | University of Surrey |
| Department | Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Virus sequences provided for analysis. Meeting and discussion for analysis by virologist employed on this project and biomathematican at the University of Surrey |
| Collaborator Contribution | Analysis of data, training of the virologist and computational and mathematical methodology, discussion about analysis strategies |
| Impact | The collaboration is multi-disciplinary - between mathematical modelling and virology. Data analysis is still ongoing but is envisaged as preliminary data for future funding applications |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Horizon Discovery Ltd Cambridge Research Park, United Kingdom |
| Organisation | Horizon Discovery Group plc |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | Verify IFITM knock-out cell by qPCR and immuno-blotting. Verification of further knock-out cell lines by DNA sequencing, immuno-blotting and qPCR Cell infection with Avian Influenza Viruses Assess the viral titre of cells infected with Influenza Viruses in K/O and wildtype cells. Quantitative analysis of viral infection in IFITM K/O cells Demonstrate increased AIV viral titres at lab scale and estimation of what this may equate to with respect to vaccine dose yields. Analysis of IFITM K/O cell lines permissivity to a range of additional animal viruses (Relevant to the LVIF). Milestone 7: Demonstrate permissivity increased and viral titres for a range of LVIF relevant viruses in the edited cell lines. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Develop a CRISPR/cas9 gene editing system to specifically target the chIFITM locus in avian cell culture |
| Impact | Grant funding |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | ILRI Research Collaboration (Kenya, March 2017) |
| Organisation | International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) |
| Country | Kenya |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| PI Contribution | Exchange of ideas and samples for indigenous breeds of livestock |
| Collaborator Contribution | Contributed samples for analysis. |
| Impact | Analysis of indigenous breed genomic sequences for Immune function genes. |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Identification of conserved B-cell epitopes of highly pathogenic coronaviruses for broadspectrum immunotherapy and vaccine design. |
| Organisation | Imperial College London |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We have performed experiments to generate preliminary data for a collaborative grant application, contributed to the writing of the grant proposal and responded to reviewers comments. |
| Collaborator Contribution | My collaborators have performed experiments to generate preliminary data for a collaborative grant application, contributed to the writing of the grant proposal and responded to reviewers comments. |
| Impact | Submission of proposal entitled "Identification of conserved B-cell epitopes of highly pathogenic coronaviruses for broadspectrum immunotherapy and vaccine design" to the "One Health Approaches to Accelerate Vaccine Development" call that forms part of the UK government's commitment to Official Development Assistance (ODA) in October 2017. |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Identification of conserved B-cell epitopes of highly pathogenic coronaviruses for broadspectrum immunotherapy and vaccine design. |
| Organisation | University of Kent |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| PI Contribution | We have performed experiments to generate preliminary data for a collaborative grant application, contributed to the writing of the grant proposal and responded to reviewers comments. |
| Collaborator Contribution | My collaborators have performed experiments to generate preliminary data for a collaborative grant application, contributed to the writing of the grant proposal and responded to reviewers comments. |
| Impact | Submission of proposal entitled "Identification of conserved B-cell epitopes of highly pathogenic coronaviruses for broadspectrum immunotherapy and vaccine design" to the "One Health Approaches to Accelerate Vaccine Development" call that forms part of the UK government's commitment to Official Development Assistance (ODA) in October 2017. |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Imperial |
| Organisation | Imperial College London |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Joint supervision of PhD student |
| Collaborator Contribution | Joint supervision of PhD student |
| Impact | One successful completed PhD student. Papers published or in preparation. Another PhD student in progress. |
| Start Year | 2010 |
| Description | Industrial partnership-Aviagen 2018 |
| Organisation | Aviagen Group |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | We have established a significant industrial partnership with Aviagen group Ltd. The nature of this work remains confidential. |
| Collaborator Contribution | The nature of this work remains confidential. |
| Impact | The nature of this work remains confidential. |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | Influenza and co-factor H protein |
| Organisation | Leibniz Association |
| Department | Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology |
| Country | Germany |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We are screening influenza virus interaction with co-factor H proteins to determine the interaction interface. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Christine Skerka has provided fragment factor H peptides to facilitate our mapping studies of the interaction surface with influenza viruses. |
| Impact | No outcomes as yet |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | Interferon stimulated genes |
| Organisation | Royal Veterinary College (RVC) |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Hosted meetings and carried out preliminary experiments |
| Collaborator Contribution | Contributed reagents and expertise |
| Impact | Preliminary data was used to support an MSc project. This has since led to a publication and a PhD project. |
| Start Year | 2016 |
| Description | JS - Production of monoclonal antibodies that recognise FMDV VP4 from mouse spleens |
| Organisation | University of Edinburgh |
| Department | The Roslin Institute |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | VLPs displaying the N-terminal 15 amino acids of FMDV were designed and produced at The Pirbright Institute and then mice were immunised with them. The spleens of the immunised mice were harvested and splenocytes stored. The response to the VP4 sequence was checked by ELISA and the mouse with the best response was selected to send the splenocytes for monoclonal production. |
| Collaborator Contribution | The collaborators took the splenocytes obtained from the mouse experiments and carried out the fusions. They then screened the supernatants for positive wells that detected the VP4 sequence. |
| Impact | Positive wells have been identified indicating some monoclonals that are specific for VP4 have been generated. These will be further screened for ability to recognise virus and to neutralise infection. |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Mapping ligand binding domain on African swine fever virus CD2v protein |
| Organisation | University of Oxford |
| Department | Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM) |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Testing of mutant versions of CD2v extracellular domain for ability to bind to red blood cells |
| Collaborator Contribution | Produced predicted model of CD2v extracellular domain and selected mutations to be made |
| Impact | Preliminary results for publication and future funding application |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | Maria Harkiolaki - soft xray tomography |
| Organisation | Diamond Light Source |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | The project aims to characterise coronavirus replication organelles in whole infected cells. My team provides significant experience in coronavirus replication organelles. The project is funded by a joint studentship and the student is, predominantly based in my laboratory. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Maria's team provide extensive expertise in soft Xray tomography and are advising on experimental design and dat aanalysis. |
| Impact | Preliminary experiments have been performed to visualise replication organelle membranes. Optimisation of experimental set up is underway. |
| Start Year | 2020 |
| Description | Martin Ludlow - University of Veterinary Medicine, Hanover. Morbillivirus collaboration. |
| Organisation | University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover |
| Country | Germany |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Provision of technical information and advice about the host-range of morbilliviruses. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Provision of reagents to support our research project, e.g. plasmid clones of viral attachment proteins and receptors. |
| Impact | No outcomes as yet, only preliminary data. |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | Martin Turner - The role of cellular RNA binding proteins in Coronavirus replication |
| Organisation | Babraham Institute |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | My lab has begun to establish the use of a CRISPR library targeting cellular RNA binding proteins. This includes selecting the most appropriate cells, virus and conditions for the screen and the readout method and this is based on our expertise and experience in coronavirus biology. All experimental work for the collaboration has been performed in my laboratory. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Martin Turner has provided a CRISPR knockout library targeting human and murine RNA binding proteins. He has provided advice and protocols to allow us to establish the screen using human or murine coronaviruses and will advise on analysis of data following the screen. |
| Impact | Experiments are still in initial set up stages and no results have been generated to date. |
| Start Year | 2020 |
| Description | Membrane protein interactions |
| Organisation | University of Liverpool |
| Department | School of Veterinary Science Liverpool |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Samples from cells transduced with ASFV membrane proteins have been prepared. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Samples have been analysed for proteins interacting with ASFV membrane proteins by mass spectrometry. |
| Impact | Collaboration still in progress |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Miguel Ángel Muñoz Alía - Mayo clinic, USA. Measles population diversity. |
| Organisation | Mayo Clinic |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| PI Contribution | Technical support and sharing of research data on the host-range of morbilliviruses. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Provision of plasmid clones representing the broad genetic diversity of measles attachment and fusion proteins. Technical support. |
| Impact | No outcomes as yet. |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | Miles Carroll PHE collaboration on pseudotyping |
| Organisation | Public Health England |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Public |
| PI Contribution | Provision of reagents to perform pseudotyping of Ebola G protein Hosting of visiting students to attempt sarbecovirus pseudotyping |
| Collaborator Contribution | Discussion of preliminary data Provision of sarbecovirus constructs |
| Impact | None to date, publications in preparation. |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | Montse Barcena - Studying the role of coronavirus membrane rearrangements |
| Organisation | Leiden University Medical Center |
| Country | Netherlands |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | My team has provided reagents and biological samples for the study of the role of IBV induced membrane rearrangements. In addition we have provided expertise and knowledge for the set up of protocols and assisted in data analysis. |
| Collaborator Contribution | M Barcena has provided extensive experience in electron microscopy including use of specialised protocols. She has provided expertise in data analysis and protocol development. |
| Impact | Several presentation of data have been made at international conferences. |
| Start Year | 2014 |
| Description | Nicolas Locker - Investigation of translation regulation by infectious bronchitis virus |
| Organisation | University of Surrey |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | My team provide experience in molecular virology and cellular interactions of coronaviruses including previous experience of accessory proteins regulating cellular translation. One PhD student has successfully completed his studies working jointly between our labs and a second is due to begin in October 2022. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Dr Locker's team provide expertise in viral regulation of cellular translation and stress granule signalling. Dr Locker is also providing protocols, advice and training for techniques including ribopuromycylation and ribosome profiling. |
| Impact | PhD student funding (studentship Oct 2017- Sept 2021) - Control of host cell translation by infectious bronchitis virus PhD student funding (studentship Oct 2022- Mar 2026) - Coronavirus regulation of cellular antiviral responses and cross species transmission |
| Start Year | 2016 |
| Description | Outreach Network for Gene Drive Research |
| Organisation | Outreach Network for Gene Drive Research |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| PI Contribution | Input to policy discussions |
| Collaborator Contribution | Network is engaged in briefing national and international entities, e.g. EU/EC, European Parliament, IUCN, Convention on Biological Diversity, on issues related to gene drive. Outreach also relates to general public (directly and via media) as well as policymakers, regulators and practitioners. The Pirbright Institute is now a member of the Network |
| Impact | Briefing and media comment regarding gene drives and gene drive research to multiple agencies e.g. EU/EC, European Parliament, IUCN, Convention on Biological Diversity, on issues related to gene drive. |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | Oxford - Strubi |
| Organisation | University of Oxford |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Collaboration on virus structural biology and joint PhD studentship |
| Collaborator Contribution | Collaboration on virus structural biology and joint PhD studentship |
| Impact | Collaboration on virus structural biology has produced a number of novel virus structures and new understanding of virus entry and packaging |
| Start Year | 2008 |
| Description | PARTNERSHIP: Nanoparticle Vaccines Against Emerging Poultry Infections |
| Organisation | University of Wisconsin-Madison |
| Department | Department of Pathobiological Sciences |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We established a joint project with School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA. My team will contribute in the development of Novel Target antigen delivery vaccines that selectively delivers antigens to the chicken immune cells and induces faster and stronger immune responses in vaccinated chickens. |
| Collaborator Contribution | The partner developed a novel DNA nano-vaccine platform. This partnership will merge both technologies to enhance both the potency and delivery systems for poultry vaccines. |
| Impact | The partnership submitted a joint research grant proposal to USDA-NIFA-AFRI (Program A1181 Agricultural Biosecurity) entitled "Partnership: Nanoparticle Vaccines Against Emerging Poultry Infections". This grant proposal has been approved by the funders. |
| Start Year | 2022 |
| Description | PPRV collaboration with Catherine Herzog at Penn State |
| Organisation | Penn State University |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Advice on design of animal experiments |
| Collaborator Contribution | Leading project on examination of PPRV infection in cattle. |
| Impact | No outputs to date |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | Partnering with National Taiwan University |
| Organisation | National Taiwan University |
| Country | Taiwan, Province of China |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We have prepared and submitted an application for a BBSRC-Taiwan Partnering Award to study "Assembly of Recombinant Infectious Bronchitis Virus and Determination of Antigenic Sites that Confer Hemagglutination Activity". |
| Collaborator Contribution | The partners conceived the project and got in contact about submitting an application for funding together. |
| Impact | An application has been made for a BBSRC-Taiwan Partnering Award in November 2018. |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | Paul Digard & Reidun Twarock - Packaging signals |
| Organisation | University of Edinburgh |
| Department | The Roslin Institute |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Supply of reverse genetic avian influenza viruses for the successful award of a PhD studentship based at The Roslin Institute entitled "Identification of interaction sites between the genomic segments of influenza virus as putative novel anti-viral targets". |
| Collaborator Contribution | University of York is providing mathematical modelling algorithms of viral packaging. Paul Digard- Roslin Institute is providing influenza virology expertise and hosting the student. |
| Impact | Studentship commenced in October 2019 |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | Paul Digard & Reidun Twarock - Packaging signals |
| Organisation | University of York |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Supply of reverse genetic avian influenza viruses for the successful award of a PhD studentship based at The Roslin Institute entitled "Identification of interaction sites between the genomic segments of influenza virus as putative novel anti-viral targets". |
| Collaborator Contribution | University of York is providing mathematical modelling algorithms of viral packaging. Paul Digard- Roslin Institute is providing influenza virology expertise and hosting the student. |
| Impact | Studentship commenced in October 2019 |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | Paul Digard - The Roslin Insititute |
| Organisation | University of Edinburgh |
| Department | The Roslin Institute |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We generated constructs that express PB1-F2 from a variety of avian influenza strains in eukaryotic expression plasmids. We generated Chimera PB1-F2 expression plasmids where the C-terminus of the PB1-F2 are switched between strains. Using these plasmids we have determined the localization and antagonist activity toward the IFN beta signaling pathway and NF-kb signaling pathway in human and chicken cells. We have therefore provided reagents and intellectual input to the collaboration. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Our collaborators have used these plasmids in there well defined stability assays to determine sequence specific effects on this characteristic. Intellectual input and expertise in a particular assay were made by these collaborators. |
| Impact | We have successfully published some of this work; "The cellular localization of avian influenza virus PB1-F2 protein alters the magnitude of IFN2 promoter and NF?B-dependent promoter antagonism in chicken cells." doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.001220. We have an ongoing joint PhD studentship in this area. This collaboration remains current and active. |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Paul Verkade - Electron tomography and CLEM |
| Organisation | University of Bristol |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Nicole Doyle has performed electron tomography to analyse the three dimensional structure of membrane rearrangements induced by the expression of IBV non-structural proteins 4 or 3 and 4 in the absence of other viral components. Sample set up was performed at Pirbright and analysis was subsequently performed at University of Bristol followed by additional analysis at Pirbright. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Paul has assisted with electron tomography data generation providing access to electron microscopes in Bristol as well as training for Nicole Doyle in performing experiments and analysing and modelling data. He is also advising Nicole while establishing correlative light electron microscopy at Pirbright. |
| Impact | doi: 10.3390/v10090477 |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | Placement Studentship: Production and characterisation of nanobodies recognising avian influenza and Newcastle disease virus surface glycoproteins using phage display technology |
| Organisation | University of Bath |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Studentship allocated to Roddy Brookes producing and characterising llama nanobodies which recognise avian influenza and Newcastle disease virus surface glycoproteins, using our established methods of phage display technology. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Supervisory contributions, expertise and research guidance for undergraduate placement, attributed to the Bachelor of Science award. |
| Impact | On-going. |
| Start Year | 2023 |
| Description | Professor Oliver Pybus, University of Oxford / Royal Veterinary College - IBDV-like viruses in wild bird populations |
| Organisation | University of Oxford |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | My group will characterise the immunosuppressive potential of IBDV-like viruses from wild bird populations |
| Collaborator Contribution | Oliver Pybus' group have screened a wild bird population by metagenomics shotgun sequencing to determine the prevalence of IBDV-like viruses and correlate their presence with the abundance and diversity of viral sequences identified for other viruses. |
| Impact | we have been successful in obtaining funding (Grant Ref: BB/T008806/1) |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | Pseudoparticles of influenza for interaction studies with co-factor H |
| Organisation | University of Kent |
| Department | Medway School of Pharmacy |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Hospitals |
| PI Contribution | We have screened the interaction between influenza pseudotype particles that only contain the surface HA protein from influenza viruses for interaction with human co-factor H protein. We have screen pseudotype particles of multiple influenza subtypes. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Nigel Temperton of the viral Pseudotype Unit at the School of Pharmacy provided influenza virus pseudotype particles of multiple subtypes to allow us to screen for interaction with co-factor H protein. |
| Impact | No outcomes yet |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | Re-annotation of Marek's Disease Virus |
| Organisation | U.S. Department of Agriculture USDA |
| Department | Beltsville Agricultural Research Center |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We are using bioinformatics analysis of high-throughput sequencing data in order to provide a better annotation of the genome of Marek's Disease Virus |
| Collaborator Contribution | Our partners are sharing their extensive expertise of the genomics of MDV, and performing experimental validations |
| Impact | No output yet |
| Start Year | 2015 |
| Description | Research Collaboration with Nigeria (23rd - 28th January 2017) |
| Organisation | University of Nigeria |
| Country | Nigeria |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Analysis of rare breed indigenous chicken in Nigeria. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Helped with sampling and background information of the breed. |
| Impact | Analysis is ongoing. |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Roslin - Grey |
| Organisation | University of Edinburgh |
| Department | The Roslin Institute |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Co-investigator in BBSRC project grant Collaboration in genetic screens to understand virus host interactions |
| Collaborator Contribution | Co-investigator in BBSRC project grant Collaboration in genetic screens to understand virus host interactions |
| Impact | Co-investigator in BBSRC project grant Collaboration in genetic screens to understand virus host interactions |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | Semliki Forest |
| Organisation | The Pirbright Institute |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Generated and analysed RNA-sequencing samples with bespoke in-house methods |
| Collaborator Contribution | Generated samples |
| Impact | The purpose of the collaboration is to study how arboviruses interact with their host cells with modern high-throughput techniques. No outputs yet |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | St Andrews |
| Organisation | University of St Andrews |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Co-investigator on BBSRC sLoLa |
| Collaborator Contribution | Lead-investigator on BBSRC sLoLa |
| Impact | BBSRC sLoLa ongoing |
| Start Year | 2012 |
| Description | Stathis Giotis - Bat immunity and differential gene expression |
| Organisation | University of Essex |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| PI Contribution | The project aims to understand the role of viral regulation of innate immune signalling in coronavirus cross-species transmission, My research team provides expertise in coronavirus biology and host cell interaction, including reverse genetics. Laboratory experiments associated with this project are conducted by my team. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Stathis has provided bat cells and bat interferon reporter plasmids, as well as advice and expertise, to perform experiments. He will also perform data analysis of planned experiments to interrogate differential gene expression of cells infected with different viruses. |
| Impact | To early in the project to say. |
| Start Year | 2020 |
| Description | Stephen Graham collaboration on structural biology with University of Cambridge |
| Organisation | University of Cambridge |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Provision of data and sharing of experimental ideas regarding viral host range and techniques for simulating virus evolution |
| Collaborator Contribution | Structural analysis of mutants to viral glycoproteins |
| Impact | Journal of Virology paper on potential PPRV emergence in human populations (Abdullah et al, 2018) Application of error-prone PCR to functionally probe the morbillivirus Haemagglutinin protein. Gallo G, Conceicao C, Tsirigoti C, Willett B, Graham S and Bailey D. Journal of General Virology. J Gen Virol 2021 Apr;102(4). doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.001580. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33739251/ The SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein has a broad tropism for mammalian ACE2 proteins. Conceicao C, Thakur N, Human S, Kelly JT, Logan L, Bialy D, Bhat S, Stevenson-Leggett P, Zagrajek AK, Hollinghurst P, Varga M, Tsirigoti C, Tully M, Chiu C, Moffat K, Silesian AP, Hammond JA, Maier HJ, Bickerton E, Shelton H, Dietrich I, Graham SC, Bailey D. PLoS Biology. 2020 Dec 21;18(12):e3001016. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001016. eCollection 2020 Dec. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33347434/ |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | Steve Goodbourn - St Georges - chicken innate molecule interactions. |
| Organisation | Ulster University |
| Department | Biomedical Sciences Research Centre |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We have collaborated by producing yeast- 2-hybrid plasmids containing the influenza PB1-F2 gene from various avian influenza strains. The PhD student on this studentship then visited Professor Goodbourn's laboratory to carry out the yeast-2-hybrid screen for interaction innate chicken molecules. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Professor Goodbourn's laboratory provided yeast-2-hybrid plasmids containing various innate chicken molecules to be screened for interaction with avian influenza virus PB1-F2 protein. They also offered help and guidance carrying out the interaction technique to understand if PB1-F2 directly associated with chicken innate components. They also provided reporter plasmids and guidance on innate reporter assays in chicken cells. |
| Impact | Successful publication of work. doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.001220. The cellular localization of avian influenza virus PB1-F2 protein alters the magnitude of IFN2 promoter and NF?B-dependent promoter antagonism in chicken cells. |
| Start Year | 2016 |
| Description | Structural analysis of ASFV-host protein interactions |
| Organisation | La Trobe University |
| Country | Australia |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Mutations were introduced into ASFV autophagy modulators and the effects of these were tested in cell based microscopy assays. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Structural analysis of virus-host interactions identified residues important for binding between virus and host proteins. These residues were the residues that chosen for mutation and subsequent analysis at Pirbright |
| Impact | One peer-reviewed paper (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31461953) This is multi-disciplinary. Pirbright has expertise in virology and cell based assays. La Trobe have expertise in structural biology. |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Suresh Kuchipudi and Janet Daly |
| Organisation | Penn State University |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We have hosted a co-supervised PhD student twice at The Pirbright Institute. During these visits we have helped with viral infection of primary cells for analysis of PI3K pathway perturbations and generated new GM influenza viruses to help to understand if the difference in PI3K pathway activity observed between two different avian influenza viruses in avian cells was a result of difference in the NS1 protein. In addition we have provided support to the student regarding the future directions of the project and writing up and presentation of the material. Therefore we have provided reagents, practical expertise and intellectual input. |
| Collaborator Contribution | The collaborators have provided access to data generated in their laboratories and intellectual input to the project. |
| Impact | Publication: doi: 10.1038/srep17999 |
| Start Year | 2016 |
| Description | Suresh Kuchipudi and Janet Daly |
| Organisation | University of Nottingham |
| Department | School of Veterinary Medicine and Science Nottingham |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We have hosted a co-supervised PhD student twice at The Pirbright Institute. During these visits we have helped with viral infection of primary cells for analysis of PI3K pathway perturbations and generated new GM influenza viruses to help to understand if the difference in PI3K pathway activity observed between two different avian influenza viruses in avian cells was a result of difference in the NS1 protein. In addition we have provided support to the student regarding the future directions of the project and writing up and presentation of the material. Therefore we have provided reagents, practical expertise and intellectual input. |
| Collaborator Contribution | The collaborators have provided access to data generated in their laboratories and intellectual input to the project. |
| Impact | Publication: doi: 10.1038/srep17999 |
| Start Year | 2016 |
| Description | Taiwan Partnering |
| Organisation | Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica |
| Country | Taiwan, Province of China |
| Sector | Public |
| PI Contribution | My Team provide expertise and licensed facility in High Containment to study African swine fever virus biology, diagnosis and vaccines |
| Collaborator Contribution | The Taiwan Team bring expertise in virus entry mechanisms, Vaccinia virus, protein expression |
| Impact | Multi-disciplinary: Virology, cell biology, immunology |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | Thomas Bowden - STRUBI - University of Oxford - Glycoprotein structure collaboration |
| Organisation | University of Oxford |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Provision of data and advice about the biological properties of viral glycoproteins, e.g. their fusion capacity with various receptors, their role in determining host-range |
| Collaborator Contribution | Advice and technical support at the structural level supporting future project development and design |
| Impact | No outcomes as yet |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | TrailMap-One Health |
| Organisation | Imperial College London |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | The highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b is panzootic in birds. Its widespread geographical distribution, sheer numbers of infections and frequent incursions in mammals indicate it to be a virus with pandemic potential. We are working as a consortium to achieve a coordinated in-depth risk assessment of clade 2.3.4.4b viruses particularly zoonotic potential of the current clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 viruses. |
| Collaborator Contribution | The collaborating partners are jointly providing data and samples necessary for evaluating the threat posed by H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) to human health. This effort aims to understand the risks, potential spillover routes into humans, the virus's capacity to adapt for human transmission, and the probable severity of human infections should they occur. We will meet these objectives through three interconnected work packages: (1) assessing the infection likelihood in non-human mammals that could serve as bridging species, (2) evaluating the risk of direct or adapted virus spillover infections in humans, and (3) examining the potential for Clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 viruses to become transmissible among humans. |
| Impact | The work is currently in its initial stages, with anticipated outcomes expected by the end of this current year, 2024/2025. |
| Start Year | 2024 |
| Description | Trevor Sweeney - University of Cambridge PhD Studentship |
| Organisation | University of Cambridge |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Development of PhD studentship project in collaboration with Dr. Sweeney's lab at Cambridge and application at Pirbright. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Development of PhD studentship project and application at Cambridge. |
| Impact | The PhD studentship has been funded and is currently been advertised. |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | Understanding the molecular parthenogenesis of influenza viruses in animals and humans |
| Organisation | China Agricultural University (CAU) |
| Country | China |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Influenza A viruses cause disease in both animals and humans. We developed a programme of reseach to investigate how this virus overcome species barriers and infect alternative species e.g, how avian influenza viruses infect humans. we also developed a joint programme of research to investigate ?What are the prevalence and genetic evolution of different AIVs in China? ? What is the extent of antigenic diversity among the contemporary AIVs circulating in China? ?How these viruses overcome evade host antiviral system to manifest the disease. ? Which strains might threaten the poultry industry as well as public health?. We provided technical help and reagents to achieve the objectives of this joint project. |
| Collaborator Contribution | The partners at China Agricultural University executed the prescribed experimental work, analysed data and translated it into publication. |
| Impact | We identified a host-cell protein "P21" which restricts influenza A virus replication in the infected host. The results will aid in designing new antiviral against these viruses. The research outcomes were translated into publications entitled: "p21 restricts influenza A virus by perturbing the viral polymerase complex and upregulating type I interferon signalling" (PLoS Pathogens 18:2, e1010295). |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | University of Liverpool Proteomics Collaboration |
| Organisation | University of Liverpool |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Generation of samples to analyse the membranous proteome of cells infected with paramyxoviruses. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Proteomic analysis of samples and technical support. Access to previous data-sets and expertise. |
| Impact | Preliminary data sets only to date. |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | Vaccinia |
| Organisation | Defence Science & Technology Laboratory (DSTL) |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Public |
| PI Contribution | Generated and analysed DNA- and RNA-sequencing data from vaccinia samples with bespoke in-house pipelines |
| Collaborator Contribution | Generated DNA and RNA vaccinia samples |
| Impact | The collaboration aims to better understand the interaction between vaccina virus and its host(s), through the use of modern high-throughput techniques. No outputs yet |
| Start Year | 2016 |
| Description | York |
| Organisation | University of York |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Collaboration |
| Collaborator Contribution | Collaboration |
| Impact | Collaboration |
| Start Year | 2015 |
| Title | ??????? |
| Description | The present invention provides an attenuated African Swine Fever (ASF) virus which lacks a functional version of the following genes: multigene-family 360 genes 9L, 10L, 11L, 12L, 13L and 14L; and multigene-family 505 genes 1R, 2R, 3R and 4R. The invention further provides an attenuated African Swine Fever (ASF) virus which lacks a functional version of the DP148R gene. The present invention also provides a vaccine comprising such an attenuated virus and its use to prevent ASF. Further, the invention relates to intranasal administration of an attenuated ASF virus. |
| IP Reference | UA121217 |
| Protection | Patent application published |
| Year Protection Granted | 2020 |
| Licensed | No |
| Impact | The gene-deleted African swine fever virus strains are being evaluated as live attenuated vaccines |
| Title | AVIAN CELLS FOR IMPROVED VIRUS PRODUCTION |
| Description | The present Invention provides as avian cell in which the expression or activity of one or more of the following genes, or a homologue thereof: Chicken IFITM 1 (SEQ ID No. 1); Chicken IFITM2 (SEQ ID No. 2) and Chicken IFITM3 (SEQ ID No. 3) is reduced. The invention also provides methods for passaging viruses in avian cells, embryos and/or avian cell lines which have reduced expression of one or more IFITM genes and methods which involve investigating the sequence of one or more of the following genes, or a homologue thereof: Chicken IFITM1 (SEQ ID No. 1); Chicken IFITM2 (SEQ ID No. 2) and Chicken IFITM3 (SEQ ID No. 3). |
| IP Reference | WO2014195692 |
| Protection | Patent granted |
| Year Protection Granted | 2014 |
| Licensed | Commercial In Confidence |
| Impact | The present invention provides an avian cell in which the expression or activity of one or more of the following genes, or a homologue thereof: Chicken IFITM1 (SEQ ID No. 1); Chicken IFITM2 (SEQ ID No. 2) and Chicken IFITM3 (SEQ ID No. 3) is reduced. The invention also provides methods for passaging viruses in avian cells, embryos and/or avian cell lines which have reduced expression of one or more IFITM genes and methods which involve investigating the sequence of one or more of the follow |
| Title | METHODS FOR GROWING AFRICAN SWINE FEVER VIRUS IN FETAL PORCINE LUNG ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGE CELLS |
| Description | A method for generating progeny of an African swine fever (ASF) virus includes providing an isolated or purified fetal porcine lung alveolar macrophage cell capable of replicating the ASF virus, wherein the cell is cultured for at least 5 passages; exposing the cell to the ASF virus; and allowing the ASF virus to replicate in the cell; thereby generating progeny of the ASF virus. |
| IP Reference | CA3146409 |
| Protection | Patent application published |
| Year Protection Granted | 2021 |
| Licensed | Commercial In Confidence |
| Impact | The cell line can be used for growing modified live attenuated African swine fever virus vaccine strains |
| Title | PPR DIVA vaccine |
| Description | We ahve developed two PPR live attenuated DIVA vaccines that can differentiate between vaccinated and infected animals. |
| IP Reference | PCT/GB2019/053641,WO2020128496 |
| Protection | Patent application published |
| Year Protection Granted | 2020 |
| Licensed | Commercial In Confidence |
| Impact | Till date there is no PPR vaccine avalable that can differentiate between vaccination and infection. This causes a huge issue on eradication of the didease and declare freedom from the disease. Therefore our newly develped chimeric live attenauted PPR vaccine and DIVA tests can differentiate between vaccination and infection which is a great achievement for ongoing PPR eradication. Please see detail from the below web. https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2020128496 |
| Title | VACCINE AGAINST AFRICAN SWINE FEVER VIRUS INFECTION |
| Description | The present invention relates to attenuated African Swine Fever viruses. The attenuated viruses protect pigs against subsequent challenge with virulent virus. The present invention also relates to the use of such attenuated viruses to treat and/or prevent African Swine Fever. The invention also relates to EP402R proteins of African Swine Fever virus comprising particular amino acid substitutions, as well as polynucleotides encoding such proteins and African Swine Fever viruses comprising such proteins. |
| IP Reference | WO2021176236 |
| Protection | Patent application published |
| Year Protection Granted | 2021 |
| Licensed | No |
| Impact | The gene-deleted African swine fever viruses are being taken forward as candidate live attenuated vaccines and included in a BBSRC LINK award |
| Title | Vaccine |
| Description | The present invention provides an African swine fever virus (ASFV) subunit vaccine which comprises: (i) one or more recombinant polynucleotides which encode polypeptides shown as SEQ ID NO: 1, 2 and 3 or an immunogenic fragment thereof; or a variant with at least 70% sequence identity to one of SEQ ID NO: 1, 2 or 3; wherein the total number of different ASFV polypeptides encoded by the one or more recombinant polynucleotides is 10 or fewer; or (ii) recombinant polypeptides shown as SEQ ID NO: 1, 2 and 3 or an immunogenic fragment thereof; or a variant with at least 70% sequence identity to one of SEQ ID NO: 1, 2 and 3; wherein vaccine comprises 10 or fewer different ASFV polypeptides. |
| IP Reference | TW202118771 |
| Protection | Patent application published |
| Year Protection Granted | 2021 |
| Licensed | Commercial In Confidence |
| Impact | The polypeptides are being taken forward to develop subunit vaccines for African swine fever virus |
| Description | A talk at a symposium entitled: Using the 3Rs to support good science |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | I gave a talk at a Symposium held at The Pirbright Institute entitled: "Using the 3Rs to support good science". The talk was entitled: "A chicken primary B cell culture model to study the pathogenesis and improve the control of immunosuppressive viruses of poultry" |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | A talk at the British Poultry Diseases Group meeting |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | The Poultry Diseases Group meet quarterly and is comprised of representatives from private veterinary practices, vaccine and pharmaceutical industries, and the Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA). I gave a talk at one of the meetings outlining my research to date and future directions. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | AB Improving Approaches to Prevent and Control Viral Diseases of Livestock and Poultry |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Batra, A., Maier, H.J., Britton P., Hiscox, J.A., Fife, M.S., 2015. PI3K/AKT signalling during infectious bronchitis virus infection. Food Security: Improving Approaches to Prevent and Control Viral Diseases of Livestock and Poultry, British Council Research Links Workshop, Istanbul, Turkey (Oral presentation) |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2015 |
| Description | AB Society of General Microbiology Annual conference |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Poster presentation. Batra, A., Maier, H.J., Britton, P., Hiscox, J.A., Fife, M.S. AKT activation during infectious bronchitis virus infection. Society of General Microbiology Annual conference, Liverpool, UK |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013,2014,2015 |
| Description | AN INTERVIEW WITH PROFESSOR VENUGOPAL NAIR |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Professor Venugopal Nair is a Research Group Leader at The Pirbright Institute, a visiting Professor of Avian Virology at the Department of Zoology, and a Jenner Investigator at the Jenner Institute, University of Oxford. He is also a member of the Microbiology Society, and in this interview, he tells us more about his research into viral diseases of livestock. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| URL | https://microbiologysociety.org/membership/meet-our-members/focus-area-viruses/an-interview-with-pro... |
| Description | Amy Lewis, The Scientist, 15/08/2017 re gene drive and Predator Free NZ 2050 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Provided information and quotes for article on potential use of gene drives as part of New Zealand effort to eradicate invasive predators |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| URL | https://www.the-scientist.com/?articles.view/articleNo/50180/title/Driving-Down-Pests/ |
| Description | Animal Health Investment Forum. Panel Discussion on African swine fever |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | Panel discussion on African swine fever impact and control |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020,2022 |
| Description | Article and Video in AP press on African swine fever risk to pygmy hogs |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press) |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Interview and video recording for AP press on risks of African swine fever virus to critically endangered pygmy hogs in Assam India |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| Description | Article in The Scientist Magazine following interview with Katya Zimmer (June 2019) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Interview with Journalist with The Scientist Magazine for a News Article concerning Race to Build ASFV vaccine in response to outbreaks in China/Asia |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.the-scientist.com/news-opinion/scientists-race-to-build-vaccine-for-african-swine-fever-... |
| Description | Ash Manor GCSE Mentoring 2018 - BA |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | Stimulating increased interest in research |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Ash Manor School challenge week workshop |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | For this event, 60 students were rotating around a series of science workshops as part of their challenge week based on a selected theme of their choice. Giulia and Phoebe contributed together with other people from our Institute in delivering the workshop about microbiology, hence student were actively interested in the topic. They organised activities that could be performed in small groups such as teaching pupils about the importance of hand hygiene using our UV Equipment, seeing live mosquitoes through a microscope, learning about flu using our Flu Fighters- H&N Selector and trying to take swabs from a model chicken using Flu Fighters- Henrietta the Chicken. The students were very interested in all the activities and actively participating, and they were asking many questions related to viruses, animal diseases, zoonotic diseases and microbiology in general. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Avian Influenza Evolution: Impact on Virulence, Vaccines and Diagnostics. |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Munir Iqbal presented a keynote talk at the International Seminar 2024 "Poultry Health Challenges in Pakistan on 21 November 2024 at the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Avian Influenza H9N2 and H7N9 evolution, fitness in poultry and zoonotic potential presented by Munir Iqbal at UC DAVIS EDUCATION CONFERENCE ON ONE HEALTH FOR FOOD SAFETY, AGRICULTURE, AND ANIMAL HEALTH |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | The research was discussed with academic and non-academic participants the risks of avian influenza viruses currently circulating in poultry and carry potential to cause zoonotic infections. Since avian influenzas viruses (AIVs) exist in many subtypes and co-infection of two or more different AIV subtypes in an individual bird can lead to the generation of novel reassortant viruses. The emergent reassortant viruses may carry differential phenotypic characteristics (virulence, host-transmission and host-range) compared to their parental viruses. Our studies revealed that experimental co-infection of chickens with two different subtypes of avian influenza viruses (H9N2 and H7N9) led to the emergence of novel reassortant H9N9 viruses which carry greater virulence for poultry and an increased zoonotic and pandemic potential. Our results also provided evidence that both H9N2 and H7N9 viruses can rapidly acquire antigenic changes in vaccinated birds causing vaccine failure and cocirculation of these viruses can also rapidly lead to rapid generation of novel reassortment viruses with increased virulence and host-range posing threat to both animals and humans. This presentation increased awareness among the audience risk posed by co-circulation of different subtypes of avian influenza viruses in poultry and wild birds and how best we can detect emerging threats and develop the disease risks and disease mitigation strategies. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | https://www.wifss.ucdavis.edu/onehealthsummer21/ |
| Description | Avian Influenza Research at Pirbright |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Presented a talk as an invited speaker to the Animal Diseases Surveillance and Control Team at The Department for Environment, Food, and Rural Affairs (DEFRA), London, UK sharing the research goals and achievements performed at the Pirbright Institute. The topics focused on (i) understanding the genetic and antigenic evolution of avian influenza viruses, (ii) drivers of zoonotic potential, (iii) improvement of poultry vaccine potency, (iv) investigating molecular markers of antigenic variants, (v) improving avian influenza detection and diagnostic approaches, e.g. lateral flow devices and (vi) development of novel vaccine candidates to improve protective efficacy including vector- and multivalent-based vaccines and targeted delivery of antigens. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Avian Influenza Vaccines Research at Pirbright |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Delivered a presentation to key research grant funders and stakeholders in the UK, including BBSRC and DEFRA, associated with animal welfare, disease control, and the research goals and achievements performed at the Pirbright Institute. The topics focused on (i) understanding the genetic and antigenic evolution of avian influenza viruses, (ii) drivers of zoonotic potential, (iii) improvement of poultry vaccine potency, (iv) investigating molecular markers of antigenic variants, (v) improving avian influenza detection and diagnostic approaches, e.g. lateral flow devices and (vi) development of novel vaccine candidates to improve protective efficacy including vector- and multivalent-based vaccines and targeted delivery of antigens. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Avian Influenza Viruses: Potential Threats and Disease Mitigation Strategies |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Munir Iqbal presented a talk (as an invited keynote speaker) at the 8th Scientific Conference on Transboundary Animal Diseases on 10 October 2024, Tunis, Tunesia |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Avian Influenza and One Health |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Munir Iqbal presented Talk at the Infectious Diseases seminar for senior medical practitioners on 25 September 2024, at the Gordon Museum of Pathology, Hodgkin Building, Guy's Campus, London. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Avian Influenza: Global Situation & Control Strategies |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Presented a talk as an invited speaker at the International Symposium on Poultry Health Challenges in Pakistan. Organized by the World Veterinary Poultry Association (WVPA-Pakistan Branch) at Serena Hotel Faisalabad, Pakistan. Poultry production continues to face several challenges caused by avian influenza, including: (1) virus evolution & antigenic diversity, (2) emergence of new virus variants, (3) co-circulation of multiple variants of same pathogen, (4) mixed infection of different viruses (immunosuppression), (5) maternally derived antibody interference, and (6) poor quality vaccines and sub-optimal vaccination practices. From these challenges, the topic of discussion and research drives optimal vaccination strategies to improve: (1) potency: a single dose to induce faster, stronger and durable immunity against multiple pathogens, (2) effectiveness: protect from clinical disease, reduced shedding and transmission, (3) affordability: cheap to produce and easy to deliver, (4) safety: no adverse impact to host or environment, (5) stability: retain efficacy for at least 1 year at indicated temperature, (6) DIVA: to allow differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals. Implementing new emerging vaccine approaches can: (1) enhance the efficacy, duration, and breadth of immunity, (2) reduce production losses, (3) improve cost-effectiveness, (4) improve productivity and economy, (5) improve animal welfare, and (6) reduce prevalence of viruses and protect public health (reduced virus prevalence = reduced zoonosis). |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Avian flu: our food chain is in crisis. |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | The New paper "Telegraph" correspondent Sarah Newey (GLOBAL HEALTH SECURITY CORRESPONDENT) Interviewed Professor munir Iqbal regarding the impacts and threats of current wave if high pathogenicity avian influenza virus causing disease widespread losses to poultry production, mortality of wild birds and mammalian species (otters, foxes, minks sealions), The discussion focus on the impacts of avian influenza infections on the livelihood of farming comunities and threat of zoonotic infection to wider public. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| URL | https://www.telegraph.co.uk/global-health/science-and-disease/what-bird-flu-pandemic-killedmillions-... |
| Description | Avian influenza virus evolution impacts on virulence and antigenicity |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | A talk was presented at Royal Veterinary College, London, by Thusitha Karunarathna (a PhD student in the Avian Influenza group at The Pirbright Institute). The Talk described the mechanisms used by the avian influenza viruses to evade host immunity to cause disease outbreaks and persists in poultry. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Avian influenza viruses can combine two techniques to evade vaccine immunity |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | A study by researchers at The Pirbright Institute reveals more clues about how avian influenza viruses can evade vaccine immunity, aiding their spread in the field. The findings are published in Emerging Microbes and Infections. Influenza viruses are able to mutate, which can enable them to evade immunity generated by natural infection or vaccination. Influenza viruses have four main ways of duping the immune system so that they can continue to infect and spread between birds. Pirbright scientists investigated two of these to further understand how the H9N2 avian influenza virus can change its genetic makeup to overcome poultry vaccines. One of the methods the virus can use is to alter one of its surface proteins, haemagglutinin (HA), which enables the virus to enter the cell and replicate. HA is also a common target for the immune system's antibodies, which block the virus from binding to cell receptors. By changing just one or two protein components, HA can latch on far more tightly to the cell, preventing antibodies from stopping the virus. However, this can come at a cost, as particularly strong binding can prevent effective replication. The other method scientists investigated is how H9N2 viruses disguise themselves by adding sugar chains to the surface of their HA proteins. This can block antibodies from binding, but also has varying fitness outcomes for the influenza virus. The researchers found that the location of the sugar chain on HA could determine how effectively the virus replicated. They also demonstrated that the two evasive techniques could either compliment or act against each other - if an influenza virus had gained mutations that enable it to bind more strongly to cells, a sugar chain in the right position could restore its ability to replicate effectively. In contrast, weakly binding influenza viruses do not benefit from HA sugar additions, which instead reduce the virus's ability to replicate. Professor Munir Iqbal, head of the Avian Influenza Group at Pirbright said, "We can use this knowledge to develop new vaccines that will help antibodies to recognise how the flu virus can change. This will provide protection to birds even as the virus evolves. We can also use this information to understand how viruses survive in poultry despite vaccination and monitor new adaptions that may appear in the field." This research was funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), part of UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) and the British Council with support from the Newton Fund. Article: Sealy, J. E., Peacock, T. P., Sadeyen, J. R., Chang, P., Everest, H. J., Bhat, S., Iqbal, M. (2020). Adsorptive mutation and N-linked glycosylation modulate influenza virus antigenicity and fitness. Emerging Microbes & Infections, advance online publication, 12 November 2020, doi: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1850180 [SOURCE: The Pirbright Institute] |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| URL | https://www.star-idaz.net/2020/12/avian-influenza-viruses-can-combine-two-techniques-to-evade-vaccin... |
| Description | Avian influenza viruses in Bangladesh, Vietnam, and Sri Lanka: investigating genotype to phenotype (antigenicity, virulence, host-range). Webinar on 28th March 2021. |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Presented talk by Munir iqbal describing ongoing research outcomes. We identified genetic determined that modules avian influenza H5 and H9 antigenicity virulence and transmission fitness in different host species. The role of identified markers that change the virus binding to host cells and impact on virus-host interaction leading to mild or severe disease manifestation in chickens and mammalian species (humans). |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Avian influenza: tackling large numbers of outbreaks this winter in the UK |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A magazine, newsletter or online publication |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Nearly two years on, the COVID-19 pandemic is still dominating the news and continues to cause concern for populations across the globe. However, UK poultry and wild bird populations are currently facing their own health threat. We are not the only ones that have faced lockdowns because of spreading viruses, UK poultry and captive birds have also faced a similar situation to protect them from avian influenza. Scientists at The Pirbright Institute are working to increase understanding of how genetic changes in influenza A viruses can impact disease spread, host responses to infection and the pathology associated with the disease. What is the avian influenza virus? Avian influenza viruses are Influenza A viruses that circulate and transmit amongst birds. The disease is what we commonly know as 'bird flu'. Influenza A viruses can infect a range of hosts, including humans and two subtypes H1N1 and H3N2 circulate as seasonal flu each winter in the UK. Avian influenza viruses are different to those that can infect humans in that they cannot easily infect humans and must change and adapt to do so. Aquatic birds are a natural reservoir for avian influenza viruses, these birds typically experience fewer clinical symptoms but can spread disease to domestic birds, particularly in the migratory season, between October and March. Avian influenza viruses are categorised as either highly pathogenic (HPAI) or low pathogenic (LPAI) and this categorisation is linked to the severity of disease in chickens. HPAI has a high mortality rate which can be up to 100%, other symptoms can include swelling of the head, death of cells in the comb and wattle, red discolouration of legs and feet and diarrhoea. HPAI causes disease in more organs than just those in the respiratory or gastrointestinal tracts like LPAI, which mostly presents as respiratory symptoms such as a snick (like a sneeze), a rattle in the chest (known as rales) and discharge from the eyes and nose. What is causing bird flu outbreaks in domestic birds now? We are currently in the normal migratory season of wild birds. In the spring and summer months, these birds spend their time breeding and raising their young in North-eastern Asia where they mix with other bird species which enables virus transmission and mutation. Then, when they migrate for the autumn and winter months, they shed virus in their faeces along the way. One of the migratory paths is across Northern Europe and this includes the UK. This year, in the UK, the first avian influenza outbreak was on 15 October and was discovered in captive aquatic birds. To date (17 December 2021) there have been 50 outbreaks in England, 1 in Wales and 2 in Scotland, this has resulted in over half a million birds being destroyed to control the spread of disease. Are there more outbreaks this year compared to other years? The number of outbreaks this year has been the most extensive ever. There have been over 50 outbreaks in the UK, compared to 26 outbreaks last year. Although it is hard to pin down the reason for this high number, we know it is not linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. The UK's response to the spread of avian influenza has been rapid, and from 29 November birds were required to be housed inside with additional biosecurity measures put in place such as foot dips and disinfecting clothing. Testing and surveillance of wild birds have shown that there is a high prevalence of the virus in these birds currently, and this is contributing to the spread of disease to farm and domestic bird populations. A more detailed look at the genetic make-up of these viruses shows that they are different to those from previous years. This is predicted to be as a result of the virus infecting multiple birds across a range of species, and this provides the perfect opportunity for the virus to evolve. Analysis of these genetic changes does not raise any alarm bells for increased transmission to humans, but they are likely impacting the spread and severity of disease in birds. What should we do if we find a dead bird or are concerned about bird health? If the public finds dead waterfowl birds they are encouraged not to touch them but to report them to Defra using the appropriate phone number that can be found on the website, also any other wild birds found dead in numbers of five or greater should be reported. What is Pirbright doing to tackle this virus? Researchers at Pirbright are attempting to enhance the control and detection of avian influenza in poultry populations as well as extend our basic knowledge about the virus in avian and mammalian hosts. The research groups led by Professor Munir Iqbal and Dr Holy Shelton are investigating how avian influenza virus strains originated from wild birds can rapidly adapt to cause disease outbreaks in poultry and gain the potential to infect humans. In addition, Professor Munir Iqbal is developing improved poultry vaccines that prevent virus replication and spread. These vaccines are particularly useful in countries where avian influenza is regularly found in the domestic poultry and the control and prevention of spread isn't easy, such as in the UK. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | https://www.pirbright.ac.uk/news/2021/12/avian-influenza-tackling-large-numbers-outbreaks-winter-uk |
| Description | BBSRC AMR Review Panel member |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Member of a panel reviewing the AMR strategy and funding of BBSRC over the past 5 years and making recommendations for future strategy. Results are reported to BBSRC as a paper for consideration. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | BSI webinar |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | I presented a webinar hosted by the British Society for Immunology entitled "BSI Coronavirus webinar: What can we learn from the animal coronaviruses?", which sparked questions and discussions afterwards. I have since been contacted to establish new collaborations with people in the audience. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| Description | Big Bang Fair South East - RC |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Regional science festival/event - changes in public attitudes and stimulating increased interest in research |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Biggs facility official opening ceremony - YC |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | YC helped host visitors during the Bigg's building opening ceremony event. This included directing visitors on site, answering questions and generally interacting. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Biotech YES, Syngenta Jealott's Hill, 05 Oct 2017 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Teams of postgraduate students from a number of universities and institutes attended talk as part of Biotech YES (Young Entrepreneurs' Scheme). Follow-up discussion influenced several aspects of their approach to entrepreneurship both within the competition and more generally |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014,2015,2016,2017 |
| Description | Bird flu: What is it and what's behind the outbreak? ( BBC New) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press) |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Discussion with BBC News Editors (Helen Briggs & Jeremy Howell). As the The world is going through its worst-ever outbreak of bird flu which led the deaths of hundreds of thousands of wild birds and millions of domestic ones. It is also being found in mammals, so what are the threats from this virus to economy, food security, animal welfare and public health. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| URL | https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-63464065 |
| Description | Blenheim High School Fair - DB |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | Team members attended sessions at a local high school with secondary school children and those in the 6th form to talk about paths into scientific careers, sharing their experiences of working at The Pirbright Institute. Approximately 300 students attended and it stimulated increased interest in science and research. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Broadcast on African swine fever on BBC wolrd service "The Food Chain" |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Interview with BBC World Service "The Food Chain" on African swine fever virus. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p05xhflj |
| Description | CBD Open-ended online forum on synbio 06-10/2017 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | UN Convention on Biodiversity. Policy- discussion on synthetic biology: nominated participant in the Open Ended Online Forum on Synthetic biology as established in decision XII/24 of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP) and extended in COP decision XIII/17 which ran from June to Oct 2017 (approx.) |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| URL | http://bch.cbd.int/synbio/open-ended/discussion/ |
| Description | CNN interview |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Interview with CNN journalist. Journalist later followed up asking me to check and clarify some issues. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Camberley Library Fun Palace 2018 - JM |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Changes in public attitudes and stimulating increased interest in research |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Careers event at Bishop David Brown School, Woking - YC |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | YC attended the careers event to help on the Institute stand, engaging with students, raising their aspirations. The stand introduced them to a wide variety of careers including potential STEM careers, apprenticeships, traineeships. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Caroline Seydel Genetic Literacy Project re GM mosquitoes/gene drive/Zika |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Provided background material and quotes for article on GM mosquitoes and control of Zika virus. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| URL | https://geneticliteracyproject.org/2018/01/29/waging-war-mosquito-split-gene-drive-hinder-spread-zik... |
| Description | Centre of excellence for research on avian diseases (CERAD) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | I was invited to present my work at the UK-China Centre of excellence for research on avian diseases (CERAD) meeting attended by researchers from UK, China and Thailand. There was lots of discussion about the research and future directions, including potential collaborations. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | Chair conference session at NIDO2021 international conference - Helena Maier |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Chaired a conference session at NIDO2021 international conference in June 2021. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Challenges and Innovations in Avian Influenza Vaccines |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Munir Iqbal presented Avian Pathology Lecture at the 6th WVPA Asia Meeting, 17-18 October 2024, Manila, Philippines. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Cheltenham Science Festival 2018 - JA |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Major science festival - changes in public attitudes and stimulating increased interest in research |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Cheltenham Science Festival 2018 - JP |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Major national science festival - changes in public attitudes and stimulating increased interest in research |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Cheltenham Science Festival 2018 - RC |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Major science festival - changes in public attitudes and stimulating increased interest in research |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Cheltenham Science Festival 2018 - SV |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Display at major science festival: changes in public attitudes and stimulating increased interest in research |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Cheltenham Science Festival 2018-DP |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Major national science festival - changes in public attitudes and stimulating increased interest in research |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Cheltenham Science Festival 2019 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Kate Dulwich participated in an outreach activity at the Cheltenham Science Festival from 07-09 Jun 2019 |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Cheltenham Science festival - LB |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | National science festival which Team members attended to demonstrate to the public how scientists at The Pirbright Institute can work to contain and control viral outbreaks. Over 500 people accessed the information and this stimulated increased interest in science and research. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Conference presentation at RSV 2022 meeting in Belfast |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Two group members (Dr. Jobe and Miss Emily Lacey) travelled to Belfast for RSV 2022 conference. We presented one poster on RSV inclusion bodies. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Conference presentations at Microbiology Society 2022 meeting |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Talks from our lab at the Microbiology Society general meeting in Belfast in 2022. Talks were on the immune response to Covid vaccines and SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses' host range. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Conference presentations at Negative Strand Virus meeting 2022 in Braga, Portugal |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Four members of the research group (Drs Bailey, Jobe and Newman as well as Miss Thakur) travelled to Portugal to present our work on SARS-CoV-2 host range, immunity and also RSV inclusion bodies. We had 2 talks and a poster. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Conor Haydon participated in the STEM Day - Speed interviews and Careers Day |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | STEM day engagement and careers |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Coronavirus lecture MSc students (Surrey) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | A lecture was presented on the replication, cellular interactions and pathogenesis of coronaviruses to 15-20 MSc students from University of Surrey. The students were engaged and interested, answering and asking questions during the session. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016,2018 |
| Description | Could Bird Flu become a pandemic? (Aljazeera TV) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press) |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | The discussion ( Inside Story) has been impacts of high pathogenicity avian influenza on poultry and whether bird flu become a pandemic?. The inside story was presented by Al Jazeera English corresponded "Mohammed Jamjoom" the discussion focus remains as the world is experiencing its largest recorded outbreak of bird flu, populations of poultry and wild birds are becoming infected. So what are threats of these viruses on food supplies, economy and public health. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| URL | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=spp2Cg-jqoc |
| Description | DB Winston Churchill School Careers event |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | School careers event for a Secondary School - 1500 children ages 11 to 16 years |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Delivered a lead talk on FMD vaccine and chaired a scientific session at Indian Veterinary Association at New Delhi ( 25.7.19-28.07.19) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Delivered a lead talk on FMD vaccine and chaired a scientific session at Indian Veterinary Association at New Delhi ( 25.7.19-28.07.19). |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.indianveterinaryassociation.in/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/... |
| Description | Developing Novel Multivalent Vaccines for Poultry Viral Diseases |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Munir Iqbal present talk Presented at the Oxford University Human and Veterinary Vaccinology Course on 30th October 2024, Pirbright, UK. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Developing novel multivalent vaccines for poultry viral diseases |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Presented a talk at the Oxford University training Course on Human & Veterinary Vaccinology, UK. This talk was directed to students at the University of Oxford to teach and describe the research and challenges to overcome to enhance the efficacy of poultry-based vaccines performed at the Pirbright Institute. From these challenges, the topic of discussion and research drives optimal vaccination strategies to improve: (1) potency: a single dose to induce faster, stronger and durable immunity against multiple pathogens, (2) effectiveness: protect from clinical disease, reduced shedding and transmission, (3) affordability: cheap to produce and easy to deliver, (4) safety: no adverse impact to host or environment, (5) stability: retain efficacy for at least 1 year at indicated temperature, (6) DIVA: to allow differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals. Implementing new emerging vaccine approaches can: (1) enhance the efficacy, duration, and breadth of immunity, (2) reduce production losses, (3) improve cost-effectiveness, (4) improve productivity and economy, (5) improve animal welfare, and (6) reduce prevalence of viruses and protect public health (reduced virus prevalence = reduced zoonosis). |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Developing novel multivalent vaccines for poultry viral diseases |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | A talk entitled "Developing novel multivalent vaccines for poultry viral diseases" was presented to post-graduate students from Univerity of Oxford. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Diamond (TT) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Diamond Light Source Open Day - explaining to general public the importance of structural biology and microscopy for understanding viruses and designing improved vaccines. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Diamond Light Source Open day - HJM |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | A public open day for Diamond Light Source, which Pirbright attended as a user of the facility to showcase research being performed at Pirbgith in collaboration with Diamond. There was a lot of interest in the fundamental research and sicussion about future plans and how it fit with the facility at Diamond. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | EUROPIC conference, The Netherlands, 2018 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | EUROPIC conference, The Netherlands, 2018 |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Edinburgh Science Festival |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Talk and panel event at Edinburgh Science Festival "The Buzz about GM Insects". Sparked questions and discussions afterwards including some career questions. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Elle Campbell Presented her data at the 2019 Microbiology Society Annual Meeting |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Elle Campbell gave an oral presentation at the 2019 Microbiology Society Annual Meeting on the work we were doing with fluorescently tagged IBDVs and virus factory movement. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Emergence and Fitness of H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b Viruses Currently Infecting Poultry, Wild Birds, Mammals, and Humans |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Munir Iqbal presented a talk at the International Pandemic Sciences Conference, 1-2 July 2024, Oxford, UK. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Emerging Threats: The Evolution and Persistence of Avian Influenza Viruses in Poultry |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Presented a talk as an Invited speaker at the 2023 International Symposium on Important Animal Diseases and Zoonoses of Yangzhou University, China. Poultry production continues to face several challenges caused by avian influenza, including: (1) virus evolution & antigenic diversity, (2) emergence of new virus variants, (3) co-circulation of multiple variants of same pathogen, (4) mixed infection of different viruses (immunosuppression), (5) maternally derived antibody interference, and (6) poor quality vaccines and sub-optimal vaccination practices. From these challenges, the topic of discussion and research drives optimal vaccination strategies to improve: (1) potency: a single dose to induce faster, stronger and durable immunity against multiple pathogens, (2) effectiveness: protect from clinical disease, reduced shedding and transmission, (3) affordability: cheap to produce and easy to deliver, (4) safety: no adverse impact to host or environment, (5) stability: retain efficacy for at least 1 year at indicated temperature, (6) DIVA: to allow differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals. Implementing new emerging vaccine approaches can: (1) enhance the efficacy, duration, and breadth of immunity, (2) reduce production losses, (3) improve cost-effectiveness, (4) improve productivity and economy, (5) improve animal welfare, and (6) reduce prevalence of viruses and protect public health (reduced virus prevalence = reduced zoonosis). |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Encouraging women into science and engineering STEM. |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | MH Visited Warwick School, Redhill to talk to secondary students about careers in STEM. A very positive outcome and well received. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Engagement with poultry stakeholders (farmers and veterinarians at "Morocco Poultry Day"). |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Talk was presented to poultry stakeholders including farmers describing the new emerging technologies that increase the efficacy of poultry vaccines, in particular vaccines against Avian influenzas and Newcastel disease virus,.The meetings was attended over 80 participates. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Enhancing the Potency of Poultry Vaccines by Selectively Targeting Antigens to Chicken Antigen-Presenting Cells |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Presented a talk as an invited speaker at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Poultry production continues to face several challenges caused by avian influenza, including: (1) virus evolution & antigenic diversity, (2) emergence of new virus variants, (3) co-circulation of multiple variants of same pathogen, (4) mixed infection of different viruses (immunosuppression), (5) maternally derived antibody interference, and (6) poor quality vaccines and sub-optimal vaccination practices. Our research on our newly developed targeted-delivery vaccine platform addresses these challenges by improving: (1) potency: a single dose to induce faster, stronger and durable immunity against multiple pathogens, (2) effectiveness: protect from clinical disease, reduced shedding and transmission, (3) affordability: cheap to produce and easy to deliver, (4) safety: no adverse impact to host or environment, (5) stability: retain efficacy for at least 1 year at indicated temperature, and (6) overcome maternally derived antibodies. This platform therefore (1) enhances the efficacy, duration, and breadth of immunity, (2) reduces production losses, (3) improves cost-effectiveness, (4) improves productivity and economy, (5) improves animal welfare, and (6) reduces prevalence of viruses and protect public health (reduced virus prevalence = reduced zoonosis). Additionally, collaborations with industrial partners can integrate this research to adapt to new antigenic variants and/or hosts. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Enhancing the potency of poultry vaccines and overcoming maternally derived antibody interference |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Presented a talk as keynote speaker at the GARAD-2023 conference at Harbour Hotel Guildford, UK. Poultry production continues to face several challenges caused by avian influenza, including: (1) virus evolution & antigenic diversity, (2) emergence of new virus variants, (3) co-circulation of multiple variants of same pathogen, (4) mixed infection of different viruses (immunosuppression), (5) maternally derived antibody interference, and (6) poor quality vaccines and sub-optimal vaccination practices. Our research on our newly developed targeted-delivery vaccine platform addresses these challenges by improving: (1) potency: a single dose to induce faster, stronger and durable immunity against multiple pathogens, (2) effectiveness: protect from clinical disease, reduced shedding and transmission, (3) affordability: cheap to produce and easy to deliver, (4) safety: no adverse impact to host or environment, (5) stability: retain efficacy for at least 1 year at indicated temperature, and (6) overcome maternally derived antibodies. This ensures early vaccination is possible and this vaccine platform can aid control of avian influenza in early poultry populations. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Evolutionary Dynamics of Avian Influenza (H5/H7/H9) in Asia and Its Risks |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Munir Iqbal presented a talk at the 6th WVPA Asia Meeting, 17-18 October 2024, Manila, Philippines. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| URL | https://wvpa-asia2024.com/ |
| Description | Ewen Callaway Nature 08/01/2018 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Provided expert background information for article in Nature regarding engineering species barriers, described by journalist as "very helpful" in followup email. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Expert group meeting for PPR eradication at head quarters of WHO, Vienna, Austria, 2018 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | In the FAO/PPR eradication meeting satya has presented work on PPR epidemiology and diagnosis. The talk was designed for the stakeholders and policy make to make aware on important points that are required for eradication of PPR |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Expert reaction to person with birds flu - Science media centre |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Provided expert commentary to Science media centre on first UK person to be infected with the avian influenza H5N1 subtype. The comments were picked up by multiple media outlets including: The Times (www.thetimes.co.uk/article/first-human-case-in-uk-of-potentially-lethal-bird-flu-strain-bcjsng7tg), IFLS website (https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/rare-human-case-of-bird-flu-confirmed-in-the-uk/), PMP website (https://www.pmp-magazine.com/2022/01/06/uk-bird-flu-outbreak-risk-of-wider-infection-in-the-general-public-remains-low/). |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Farnborough College Apprenticeship Fair- 20th March 2018 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | Careers fair attended by approx. 100 school children. Pirbright demonstrated the multiple ways that research organisations can provide jobs including scientists, engineers and computer operators. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Farnborough College of Technology Career day |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | The aim of this event was to give Y13 students direct access to local potential employers who are prepared to invest in training and developing their employees via recognised apprenticeships, formal additional qualifications or in-house training, together with information on when and how they can apply. Additionally the exhibition was open for all the 3,700 college students to attend throughout the day with their families. Giulia was in charge of The Pirbright Institute stand with various activities for visitors to take part in and she was explaining our science to the students and the general public, career opportunities and training options. During the day working on the stand Giulia could speak with many children and adults about her work at Pirbright and what The Pirbright Institute is, stimulating public interest in research. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Farnborough futures careers event - HJM |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | The careers event aimed to introduce the range of careers available at Pirbright. In addition I discussed my own career progression and highlighted the range of possible careers that I could have entered. Finally, I discussed some details of the research with interested students. The students had a wide range of backgrounds and career aims but were interested to hear about the Institute and the sort of work opportunities available. Several of them planned to follow up by investigating future job opportunities at Pirbright. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Flow cytometry workshop as part of the Bioimaging interest group |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Workshop at the Pirbright Institute - postdoctoral scientists of the project highlighted the use and application of flow cytometry in Virology |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | GFRA (TT) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Global Foot-and-mouth disease Research Alliance (GFRA) meeting, presentation on virus packaging and implications for vaccine production, initiated collaboration discussions between international academic and industry partners. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Genetic engineering speeds up poultry vaccine development |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Researchers report the rapid generation of a bivalent vaccine against Marek's disease and avian influenza Scientists at The Pirbright Institute have used genetic engineering to develop a vaccine that protects birds against both Marek's disease and avian influenza. They say the process is faster and more efficient compared to previous methods, which will allow poultry vaccine producers to rapidly update vaccine strains in order to keep up with virus evolution. In a study published in the journal Vaccines, the team used the gene editing tool CRISPR/Cas9 to insert an avian influenza gene into the turkey herpesvirus (HVT) that is used in Marek's disease vaccines. The gene codes for haemagglutinin (HA), an influenza protein that is key for virus entry into host cells and is therefore an important target of the host immune response to block infection. "HVT is already widely used in vaccines against Marek's disease and can be administered to eggs, enabling automated delivery and providing birds with protection from the day they hatch. The additional HA gene we have incorporated will be expressed by HVT when it replicates in host cells, meaning that a single dose of vaccine induces immunity against both viruses", explained Professor Munir Iqbal, Head of the Avian Influenza group at Pirbright. "The genetic engineering process we have developed using CRISPR/Cas9 is far quicker and more efficient than previous technologies, as well as being very consistent and accurate. These attributes are essential for providing fast and reliable vaccine production to protect poultry", Prof Iqbal added. Mutations can occur with high frequency in HA proteins, enabling influenza viruses to evade immunity generated by vaccines. Using CRISPR/Cas9 to create new vaccines will help tackle evolving viruses by reducing the time it takes manufacturing companies to adapt their vaccine strains to match these mutations, allowing faster responses to outbreaks and providing better protection. Although this gene editing method is very reliable, a small number of HVT viruses fail to incorporate the HA gene into their own genome effectively. To ensure HA is being expressed in the vaccine, the team exploited the HA protein's ability to bind to molecules on the surface of red blood cells. Chicken cells infected with the successfully modified HVT virus express HA on their surface which red blood cells attach to, forming a clump that can be visualised using microscopy. This simple test improves the speed at which suitable vaccine candidates can be identified and has a much broader application as it can also be used for other viruses that incorporate proteins which interact with red blood cells. "Improving how we make vaccines is critical for preventing avian influenza outbreaks. Our work could help reduce the spread of disease between birds and reduce the risk of infection for people who work closely with poultry", Prof Iqbal said. "Now that we have developed a rapid method for generating this modified vaccine, our next steps will be to study the vaccine's effectiveness in field trials." |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| URL | https://www.cabi.org/vetmedresource/news/66612 |
| Description | Global epidemic trend of avian influenza virus and its harm to public health |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Talk as an invited speaker at The 2023 China-ASEAN Seminar on Prevention and Control of Cross-border Animal Diseases, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, China. The persistence of avian influenza viruses in bird populations increases zoonotic and pandemic risks. Research focuses on reducing prevalence of viruses and protect public health (reduced virus prevalence = reduced zoonosis). To address this, topics discussed included research focuses in: (1) virus evolution & antigenic diversity, (2) emergence of new virus variants, (3) co-circulation of multiple variants of same pathogen, (4) mixed infection of different viruses (immunosuppression), (5) maternally derived antibody interference, and (6) poor quality vaccines and sub-optimal vaccination practices. From these challenges, the topic of discussion and research drives optimal vaccination strategies to improve: (1) potency: a single dose to induce faster, stronger and durable immunity against multiple pathogens, (2) effectiveness: protect from clinical disease, reduced shedding and transmission, (3) affordability: cheap to produce and easy to deliver, (4) safety: no adverse impact to host or environment, (5) stability: retain efficacy for at least 1 year at indicated temperature, (6) DIVA: to allow differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals. Implementing new emerging vaccine approaches can: (1) enhance the efficacy, duration, and breadth of immunity, (2) reduce production losses, (3) improve cost-effectiveness, (4) improve productivity and economy, (5) improve animal welfare, and (6) reduce prevalence of viruses and protect public health. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | H5Nx Clade 2.3.4.4b Avian Influenza Viruses: An Increasing Risk for Global Poultry, Livestock, and Humans |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Munir Iqbal presented a talk at the WVPA Regional Conference for Africa and the Middle East 3-6 September 2024, Cairo, Egypt. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | HPAI Update: Global and Asian Situation and Control. |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | Munir Iqbal Presented talk et "Let's Speak Poultry" (ASKAN), on 16 October 2024 in Manila, Philippines. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Helping Local Community Wildlife area |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Pond Clearing at Fox Corner Wildlife area (Hannah Goldswain) |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | High pathogenicity avian Influenza (HPAI) H5 in Europe -Epidemiology and Surveillance. Presented via Webinar, organized by Boehringer Ingelheim, 3rd July 2020. |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Talk entitled; High pathogenicity avian Influenza (HPAI) H5 in Europe -Epidemiology and Surveillance. talk was organized by Boehringer Ingelheim, 3rd July 2020 and presented via Webinar. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| Description | Holt School Surrey. Bee meadow & A-level outreach Talk. |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | I discussed the importance of pollinators for biodiversity and food security with the younger students. I also discussed careers in science with A-Level students. There was good interaction and many questions surrounding both topics. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Host FTMA funded visit by industrial researcher - Helena Maier |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Hosted FTMA funded visit by industrial researcher. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | How virus tracking can help us prevent future pandemics |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | UAR interviewed Professor Munir Iqbal, head of the Avian Influenza group at The Pirbright Institute, https://www.pirbright.ac.uk/users/prof-munir-iqbal. The Pirbright Institute specialises in the research and diagnosis of livestock viral diseases and viruses that spread from animals to humans. The Institute is part of an international network that tracks viruses and formulates ways to control and prevent outbreaks, such as creating new vaccines and better diagnostics. While the Covid-19 pandemic grabs the headlines there are other, potentially more deadly viruses, spreading through the animal kingdom, which may have the capacity to infect humans. Perhaps the most well-known pandemic agent - before Covid-19 - was the flu virus. The 1918 influenza pandemic, caused by an H1N1 virus of avian origin, was the most severe pandemic in recent history, infecting one-third of the world's population and killing at least 50 million worldwide. These viruses evolve, so every year the world is at risk of a new strain of flu. One related virus that caused the 2009 swine flu pandemic killed over 200,000 people worldwide. Professor Munir Iqbal heads up the Avian Influenza Virus group at The Pirbright Institute. This group is imitating natural selection and evolution of influenza viruses in the lab. They hope to identify how viruses might change - potentially to be more dangerous. By identifying those changes they can make informed decisions about how to create vaccines against these potential new strains. A new strain, H7N9, emerged in China in February 2013, infecting both poultry and humans. Since then, there have been over 1500 confirmed human infections from this strain with an estimated 40% fatality rate. By 2017 the Chinese government had, very rapidly for a new vaccine, implemented a mass vaccination programme against H7N9 in poultry. This was accompanied by a striking reduction in human infection from this virus. At first this seemed to be good news, but it turns out that suboptimal vaccine practices were creating an evolutionary pressure for the virus to change - to escape the effects of vaccination. As the virus evolved it didn't infect human populations so well, but it became more aggressive in the poultry, even if they had been vaccinated. Iqbal explains, "At The Pirbright Institute, we study how these viruses evolve to persist in poultry and overcome vaccines, and how mutations impact virus virulence, transmission and, pathogenicity. Ultimately this will give us information on bird-to-human transmission and help develop diagnostic tools and vaccines to better fight the virus." Disease transmission has to be studied in chickens but disease virulence can be quantified using chicken eggs. 14 day-old fertilised eggs are infected with the virus which then replicate. The faster the virus replicates in the embryo, the more virulent the strain. "The quantity of virus being produced often equates to the aggressiveness of the disease. Very often viral infection depends on the amount of virus that you come in contact with. One particle might not infect animals or humans, but thousands could. In the same way, a smaller amount of virus might be needed to infect poultry compared to humans. We live alongside loads of virus without getting sick until we come across an amount large enough to cause an infection," explains Iqbal. By imitating the natural selection process in the lab, the researchers identified the specific mutation that allowed the Chinese H7N9 virus to escape vaccine-induced immunity. They were also able to predict the evolution of influenza viruses. Three mutations that were observed in the lab have since been found in the field in 2019. "These changes can have a huge impact in terms of virus transmission, virus virulence and virus transfusion across species from avian-to-human, avian-to-avian, or even to different mammalian species," adds Iqbal. Fortunately for us, these three mutations prevent H7N9 viruses from binding to human cells, but increase their binding, replication and stability in chicken cells and embryos. This means that the strains that had evolved around the vaccination posed a lower threat to humans, but an increased risk to poultry. Mass vaccination of poultry against H7N9 strains in China might have been beneficial to humans, driving virus evolution away from a human pandemic, but it also meant that the evolved viruses posed an even greater threat to poultry. However, this might not be the case for all strains warns Iqbal. Not all mutations that arise due to vaccine induced evolution, push viral strains away from human infection. In the future, other mutations may have human pandemic potential or be even more deadly to poultry. Influenza viruses are a particular risk, as they infect a huge range of animals and mutate rapidly, which gives them the capacity to jump species and evade the immune system. They are particularly a cause for concern, because they circulate in livestock such as pigs and poultry which regularly come into close contact with humans. Using a method that can predict how vaccination may change influenza virus characteristics is potentially valuable for making new vaccines against these fast evolving viruses. These predictions could also provide advanced warning of mutations that could increase likelihood of human infection. Looking out for these viral mutations in the global health surveillance programme can help in the monitoring for potential threats. This might allow us to get ahead of them, by developing and using new vaccines, before new viral variants have a chance to spread and spiral out of control in a new pandemic. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| URL | https://www.understandinganimalresearch.org.uk/news/research-medical-benefits/how-virus-tracking-can... |
| Description | Improving Breadth and Duration of Immunity of Poultry Vaccines: Targeted Delivery of Antigens to Chicken Antigen Presenting Cells. |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Talk entitled "Improving Breadth and Duration of Immunity of Poultry Vaccines: Targeted Delivery of Antigens to Chicken Antigen Presenting Cells" presented by Professor Iqbal at 2022 Yangzhou International Conference on Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety - Germplasm Innovation and Agri-Product Safety on 30th November 2022. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Improving Detection Sensitivity of Lateral Flow-Based Rapid Diagnosis of Emerging Avian Influenza H5Nx Clade 2.3.4.4b Viruses |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Munir Iqbal presented a talk at the International Pandemic Sciences Conference, 1-2 July 2024, Oxford, UK. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Improving Potency of Poultry Vaccines |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Research outcomes were presented by Munir iqbal at the 2022 International Animal Husbandry: High quality development of animal health and animal husbandry- Virtual Scientific Conference, on 19-Nov-2022, hosted by Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Improving Potency of Poultry Vaccines |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | A talk entitled "Improving Potency of Poultry Vaccines" presented by Munir Iqbal to post graduate students at meeting "The 2022 International Animal Husbandry High-Quality Development Conference" on On 19th November 2022 hosted by Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College. More than 300 post graduate and university staff from Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College attended the meeting and discussed the advanced in the strategies to reduce the impacts of avian influenza viruses. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Improving Vaccines against Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease Viruses |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Presented a talk as an invited speaker at the Sino-European Modern Livestock and Poultry Industry Technical Innovation seminar and the launch of the Joint Laboratory of China and European Countries. Shandong Binzhou Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou, China. Poultry production continues to face several challenges caused by avian influenza, including: (1) virus evolution & antigenic diversity, (2) emergence of new virus variants, (3) co-circulation of multiple variants of same pathogen, (4) mixed infection of different viruses (immunosuppression), (5) maternally derived antibody interference, and (6) poor quality vaccines and sub-optimal vaccination practices. From these challenges, the topic of discussion and research drives optimal vaccination strategies to improve: (1) potency: a single dose to induce faster, stronger and durable immunity against multiple pathogens, (2) effectiveness: protect from clinical disease, reduced shedding and transmission, (3) affordability: cheap to produce and easy to deliver, (4) safety: no adverse impact to host or environment, (5) stability: retain efficacy for at least 1 year at indicated temperature, (6) DIVA: to allow differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals. Implementing new emerging vaccine approaches can: (1) enhance the efficacy, duration, and breadth of immunity, (2) reduce production losses, (3) improve cost-effectiveness, (4) improve productivity and economy, (5) improve animal welfare, and (6) reduce prevalence of viruses and protect public health (reduced virus prevalence = reduced zoonosis). |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Influenza update 2018 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Approx. 70 scientists attended a Influenza update meeting at which our group presented an oral presentation and poster presentation on our work. These actions resulted in establishment of new collaborations for ongoing work and the initiation of a joint grant writing exercise. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Initiation of a mass vaccination campain ( 2018) in TamilNadu, India |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Scientists from The Pirbright Institute's Vaccine Differentiation group have recently returned from Chennai in India, where they conducted a mass peste des petits ruminants (PPR) vaccination campaign and awareness programme. They joined scientists from four specialist organisations; Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB) and National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI). Peste des petits ruminants (PPR), also known as goat plague, is highly contagious and infects small ruminants such as sheep and goats, causing up to 90% mortality. The disease is prevalent across large parts of Africa, the Middle East, India and China and is estimated to cost between US$1.4 billion and US$2.1 billion globally each year. In 2017, the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) and the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) introduced a global eradication programme to reduce the devastating impact PPR has on the economy and food security of affected countries. "Over 40 vets joined our vaccination campaign in the Tanir Kulum village of Tiruvallur District, TaminNadu (close to Chennai), where we administered vaccines to over 400 sheep and goats in a single day. We also ran an awareness camp where we provided farmers and vets alike with expert guidance on diagnosing clinical signs of PPR and what measures they could take to reduce its spread", said Professor Satya Parida from Pirbright, who led the collaborative effort with Dr Dhinakar Raj from TANUVAS. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | https://www.pirbright.ac.uk/news/2018/09/pirbright-scientists-run-vaccination-campaign-eradicate-pes... |
| Description | Innovate Guildford |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Represented the Pirbright Institute at Innovate Guildford Science Fair |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Innovate Guildford - DB & KC |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Public science event where team members participated on a Pirbright Institute stand which contained activities to help the public understand how scientists can help to contain and control viral outbreaks. Over 500 members of the general public attended which stimulated increased interest in science and research and led to requests for more information. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Innovate Guildford 17 March 2018 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Talk and exhibit at Innovate Guildford - >100 for talk, probably >500 for exhibit. Both sparked questions and discussion afterwards. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Innovate Guildford 2018 - JM |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Regional science/innovation event - changes in public attitudes and stimulating increased interest in research |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Innovate Guildford 2018 - SB |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Regional science festival - changes in public attitudes and stimulating increased interest in research |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Innovate Guildford 2018 - SV |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Display at regional science/innovation festival - changes in public attitudes and stimulating increased interest in research |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Innovate Guildford Outreach (12th March) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | With amazing exhibits, activities, workshops, talks and competitions, it's FREE to attend. Explore the four zones: Engineering, One Health, Digital Media and Future Living, experience interactive performances, hear inspiring speakers (including leading gaming pioneer Peter Molyneux and animal health pioneer Professor Nick Bacon) and take in an amazing atmosphere. Theatre, music and comedy will feature through the day, with everything from how technology might have affected Shakespeare's plays to risky recycling and photographic secrets. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| URL | https://www.guildford.gov.uk/innovateguildford |
| Description | Innovate Guildford, ND |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Presented at the Pirbright Institute stand discussing science performed by the Institute with the general public. The stand focussed on an exhibit on avian influenza virus but more general virology topics were also discussed including our research. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | Inreview with Daily Telegraph about African swine fever |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Interview with reporter from Daily Telegraph about African swine fever virus and risks to UK farmers |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/12/12/uk-farmers-warned-alert-african-swine-fever-virus-hits-e... |
| Description | Inspire Guildford County School Careers Fair |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | Giulia and Isobel represented The Pirbright Institute at the career fair at the Guildford College in a context of many other businesses and University representatives. The aim was to show the range of careers that are possible within a range of industries. For this event Giulia was in charge of the Institute stand and could speak about careers in science and the research carried out at The Pirbright Institute. Students were engaging in our activities for promoting interaction and showed a high level of interest for science and research careers requesting more information. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | International Avian Respiratory Disease Conference |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | Michael presented his research at the 2018 International Avian Respiratory Disease Conference in the US to an audience of avian researchers and representatives form the poultry veterinary vaccine industry. This sparked discussion and potential future collaborations |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | International Day of Women and Girls in Science |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | I gave a quote as a STEM ambassador about why I think it is important to make sure women and girls have the same opportunities in STEM. This was shared on social media to celebrate International Day of Women and Girls in Science, a UN-led initiative. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | International Women's Day video for social media |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Three team members were interviewed about their careers in science for International Women's Day. The videos were posted on Pirbright's website, Facebook and Twitter to celebrate what we love about working in science. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Interview for national newspaper |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Interview with a journalist from The Telegraph about coronavirus replication and transmission. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| Description | Interview with Anne Gulland - Telegraph article Nov 2020 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Interview with Anne Gulland of the Telegraph about HPAI outbreaks in wild birds, article published https://www.telegraph.co.uk/global-health/climate-and-people/farmers-urged-alert-highly-pathogenic-form-bird-flu/ quoted in the article. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| URL | https://www.telegraph.co.uk/global-health/climate-and-people/farmers-urged-alert-highly-pathogenic-f... |
| Description | Interview with Associated Press |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Interview with a journalist from Associated Press about coronavirus research at The Pirbright Institute. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| Description | Interview with Associated Press on ASFV vaccines |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Interview with Associated Press |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://apnews.com/32f84f66ce77415b96c4e90915cce6ee |
| Description | Interview with Australian Broadcasting Corporation on African swine fever virus impact and vaccine development |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Interview with Australian Broadcasting Corporation about ASFV impact and vaccines |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.abc.net.au/news/rural/2019-11-01/african-swine-fever-vaccine-development/11645366 |
| Description | Interview with BBC Radio Surrey |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Interview with journalists from BBC Radio Surrey on the breakfast show about coronavirus research at The Pirbright Institute. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| Description | Interview with BBC World Service |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Interview about our paper in PLOS Biology: The SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein has a broad tropism for mammalian ACE2 proteins |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w3cszh1l |
| Description | Interview with BBC for SARS-CoV-2 story |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A magazine, newsletter or online publication |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Interview with BBC about SARS-CoV-2 genome sequence |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-55565284 |
| Description | Interview with BBC journalist for article on viral emergence in new species |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | I was interviewed by Jonathon Ball who was writing an article for the BBC on the emergence of morbilliviruses in new hosts and the importance of vaccination. I helped him to contextualise the story and put him in touch with my collaborators. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| URL | https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-50839868 |
| Description | Interview with BuzzFeed News |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Interview with a journalist from BuzzFeed News about coronavirus research at The Pirbright Institute. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| Description | Interview with CNN on African swine fever virus |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Interview with Nina Avramova from CNN International about African swine fever virus generally including transmission mechanisms and control strategies |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | https://edition.cnn.com/2018/10/02/health/african-swine-fever-europe-china-spread-intl/index.html |
| Description | Interview with Dominique Patton, Beijing, Reuters article Jan 2021 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Interview with Dominique Patton (Reuters - Beijing) about outbreaks of HPAI in wild birds. Quoted in https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-birdflu-asia/reeling-from-coronavirus-asias-poultry-farmers-battle-bird-flu-outbreak-idUSKBN29J00D?edition-redirect=uk which was picked up by multiple media outlets. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-birdflu-asia/reeling-from-coronavirus-asias-poultry-farmer... |
| Description | Interview with Farmers Weekly |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A magazine, newsletter or online publication |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | Interview with journalist from Farmers Weekly on African swine fever virus vaccine development |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| Description | Interview with German Radio on African swine fever virus risks and vaccine development |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press) |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Radio broadcast on German Radio |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| Description | Interview with Health for Animals about African swine fever vrius vaccine development and current situation |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | Interview with journalists from Health for Animals about African swine fever vaccine research published in a newsletter sent to 200 people. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | https://healthforanimals.org/resources-and-events/newsletter-repository/17-disease-outbreaks.html?q=... |
| Description | Interview with Journalist with The Scientist Magazine concerning ASFV vaccines and our research |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Interview with Katya Zimmer Science Journalist with The Scientist Magazine published in July. This lead to follow up interviews for an in depth article on ASFV vaccines for the Scientist Magazine. In addition The Scientist published 4 Infographics images associated with the article |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.the-scientist.com/features/can-a-vaccine-save-the-worlds-pigs-from-african-swine-fever |
| Description | Interview with National Public Radio (USA) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Interview with National Public Radio (USA) about veterinary vaccines for Covid-19 |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Interview with New Scientist Magazine about African swine fever virus spread and vaccines |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Interview for an article in New Scientist about impact of African swine fever in Asia |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.newscientist.com/article/2222501-a-quarter-of-all-pigs-have-died-this-year-due-to-africa... |
| Description | Interview with United Press about ASFV vaccine development |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Interview with United Press International on Development of ASFV vaccines |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2019/07/12/World-races-to-develop-African-swine-fever-vaccine/671156... |
| Description | Interview with journalist and provided input to article on African swine fever vaccine development |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Interviews with Katya Zimmer journalist with the Scientist Magazine and help with preparation of figures |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.the-scientist.com/features/can-a-vaccine-save-the-worlds-pigs-from-african-swine-fever--... |
| Description | Invitation to give keynote talk on 'Control of avian diseases: Challenges and opportunities' |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Gave the Keynote talk on 'Control of avian diseases: Challenges and opportunities' at this International Symposium organized with an aim to gather international virology experts from both human and veterinary fields to share research experience, update findings and contribute their expertise through presentation and interactive discussion. The topics will cover a wide range of virology research common in both human and animal aspects. In addition, technological platforms such as vaccine development, and novel assays will be emphasized and addressed. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | http://www.biotec.or.th/virus-symposium2018/index.php |
| Description | Invitation to talk at the Vaccine Symposium "Vaccines at different levels of complexity from subunit to whole cell formulations" jointly organised by the Centre of Genomic Regulation (CRG), Radboud UMC and MSD Animal Health, with the support from the MycoSynVac project |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Gave a talk and participated in the discussion on the challenges and research opportunities for innovation in poultry disease control |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| URL | http://www.crg.eu/ |
| Description | Invited Keynote Presentation on African swine fever and vaccine development |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Invited Keynote presentation at China Animal Breeding and Genetics conference December Guangzhou, attended by more than 2000 delegate. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Invited Keynote Speaker International Society of Veterinary Epidemiology and Ecology, China Mai Thailand |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Keynote talk on progress towards African swin efever virus vaccine development at ISVEE meeting Thailand |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Invited Presentation to Pig Veterinary Society Birmingham UK October 2022 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Presentation |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Invited Seminar China Agricultural University Beijing September 2023 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Seminar at China Agricultural University Veterinary Faculty on "African swine fever virus evasion of host defences and vaccine development". Discussion with faculty and postgraduate students. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Invited as PPR vaccine expert to vaccine producers meeting at Jordan, Amman-organised by OIE and FAO PPR secretariat-13.04.19-17.4.19, |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Invited as PPR vaccine expert to vaccine producers meeting at Jordan, Amman-organised by OIE and FAO PPR secretariat-13.04.19-17.4.19, |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Invited expert to the international Gnatwork training course in Brazil |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | First day gave a presentation on veterinary aspects of vector-borne virus research at the School of Veterinary Medicine Belo Horizonte Brazile, followed by 4 day training workshop were I taught sections on molecular diagnostics applied to insect vectors, poster presentations, scientific writing |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.gnatwork.ac.uk/brazil-19 |
| Description | Invited seminar at St. Andrews University |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Invited seminar on ongoing RSV and SARS-CoV-2 research |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Invited seminar at UC Riverside 05/05/2017 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Invited seminar at University of California, Riverside |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | Invited seminar at University College Dublin |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Talk on ongoing RSV and SARS-CoV-2 research to academics at University College Dublin |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Invited speaker at the British VeterinaryPoultry Association 2018 meeting at Boehringer Ingelheim |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | I was invited to present my research findings at the British Veterinary Poultry Association 2018 meeting, held at Boehringer Ingelheim. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Invited talk at Agricultural Science congress at New Delhi, India, February-2019- Use of reverse genetics to study the early pathogenesis and to develop marker vaccines for PPR |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | 1. In a DBT-BBSRC FADH grant, The Pirbright Institute in collaboration with four Indian partners (TANUVAS, IVRI, NIAB and NIVEDI) has developed a PPR vaccine, which will be the first to differentiate between infected and vaccinated animals (DIVA), for which a patent application has been filed. Scientists have manipulated in the genome of PPR full length cDNA and rescued the DIVA vaccine virus using reverse genetic technique. Further this vaccine has been tested in goats providing full safety and potency upon virulent virus challenge. In contrast to current vaccine, this new DIVA vaccine can differentiate between naturally infected and vaccinated animals, therefore will help in meaningful assessment of vaccine coverage and epidemiological surveillance based on serology, in turn increasing the efficiency of control programmes. 2. Little is known about the early events in the development of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus (PPRV) infection. The current dogma is that similar to RPV, PPRV replicates primarily in the epithelium of the respiratory tract before disseminating throughout the host. However, our investigations, using intranasal inoculation of PPRV containing GFP (Green Fluorescent Protein) to mimic natural infection, indicate this is not the case and that immune cells in the pharyngeal tonsil is the primary target. This is a ground breaking discovery which changes the PPR pathogenesis. This infectious GFP virus is made from a synthetic cDNA of field virus (PPRV/Mor-08) using reverse genetics technique under FADH grant. The presentation sparked questions and discussions after the talk. Two PPR DIVA vaccines developed and the mechanism of PPR virus pathogenesis explained. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Invited talk at the National Institute for Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad on 3rd Jan 2019 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Participants were engaged in the recent advances in biotechnology, challenges and opportunities. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Invited talk on 28th September 2020 on ''Challenges and opportunities for control of infectious animal diseases including zoonosis' |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | International Webinar of 'Epistemological approaches to animal disease control programmes with special reference to rabies' |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| Description | Invited to talk at the International Conference on Building Human and Animal Health Capacities organised by the Jordan University of Science and Technology |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Participated in the discussion and talked on 'The recent advances in vaccination-based control of poultry diseases'. The need for increased awareness of the pathogen diversity in the design of vaccines and the opportunities from advances in vaccine technologies were discussed |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| URL | http://www.just.edu.jo/conferences/bhahc/Pages/default.aspx |
| Description | JN - Mentoring 2018 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | Mentoring GCSE students to increase social mobility. Improving the confidence, ambition and interest in STEM subjects. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | JN - Woking school 2018 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | Careers Fair at a local school encouraging children to consider science as a career and representing the institute in the local community. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2008 |
| Description | Joined as a FAO expert at Chiang Mai, Thailand for PPR and FMD control in SAARC region and delivered two invited talks- 16.06.19-23.06.19 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A magazine, newsletter or online publication |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Joined as a FAO expert at Chiang Mai, Thailand for PPR and FMD control in SAARC region and delivered two invited talks on FMD and PPR Global situations- 16.06.19-23.06.19 |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Keynote Presentation China Swine Society Conference 2019 Qingdao China |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Invited Keynote presentation at China Swine Society Conference 2019 Qingdao attended by ~1300 scientist and practitioners |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Keynote Presentation European Society for Veterinary Virology Ghent Belgium Sep 2022 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | More than 500 people attended an International Conference on Veterinary Virology |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| URL | https://esvv2022.ugent.be/ |
| Description | Keynote Presentations at International Workshop on African swine fever virus Beijing September 2023 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | The International Workshop on African swine fever virus was organised by the US/China Animal health Network and attended by ~50 people comprising leading International experts, policy makers, postgraduate students and experts from industry. The aim was to review current knowledge on ASFV and identify areas for future research. A report on the meeting and outcomes was published in Viruses. It is expected that future meetings will be organised. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Keynote presentation at the Swedish Virology Society Annual Meeting |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | About 100 people from Swedish Society of Virology attended my keynote talk at their annual meeting |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Keynote talk at the World Veterinary Poultry Association meeting |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Invited to give the keynote talk on 'Avian tumour viruses: their contribution to our understanding of cancer' at the World Veterinary Poultry Association XXth Congress in Edinburgh |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| URL | http://www.wvpac2017.com/ |
| Description | Kingdown School Warminster Wiltshire talk to 6th form students about career in science. |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | I presented my career path to the students to engage them on STEM careers. I had a good level of discussion and many questions. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Latest Pirbright collaboration uncovers genetic markers that could guide avian influenza surveillance |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A magazine, newsletter or online publication |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Research outputs were mass comminated for the general public via a news story. This was published online at the Pirbright Institute webpage and One Health Poultry Health webpage and distributed wildly on social media including Facebook, Twitter, In Share. Researchers at The Pirbright Institute have identified the genetic markers on avian influenza ('bird flu') viruses that could help the viruses to jump the species barrier and cause disease in people, in collaboration with other members of the One Health Poultry Hub. Co-investigators Professor Munir Iqbal and Dr Joshua Sealy worked with scientists at Imperial College London, the University of Glasgow and The Francis Crick Institute, to show how the genetic traits of avian influenza H9N2 viruses influence their preference for infecting bird or human cells. The paper detailing their findings, 'Genetic determinants of receptor-binding preference and zoonotic potential of H9N2 avian influenza viruses' is published in the Journal of Virology. The research identifies genetic traits that alter a key H9N2 viral protein, called haemagglutinin, that makes it easier for the virus to recognise and bind to different cell receptors. This is the first step of viral infection, and the general inability of avian influenza viruses to effectively bind to human receptors is a major reason why they do not, in general, jump the species barrier to people. However, given that human infections with H9N2 have been detected on an almost monthly basis since 2015, there may be a capacity for these viruses to evolve and gain the ability to efficiently target cellular receptors in people. This latest discovery reveals which haemagglutinin properties of existing H9N2 strains allow them to bind to human receptors more effectively. These included small genetic differences as well as the overall structure and charge of the haemagglutinin protein. These findings will help guide future avian influenza surveillance by providing the genetic markers that signify the emergence of viruses with the potential to transmit to people. There have been more than 60 cases recorded of people infected with H9N2 influenza viruses to date in 2020, all in countries where the virus is endemic. However, these viruses have not adapted to spread efficiently from person to person, a key element of a virus that has the potential to cause a pandemic. Professor Iqbal and his team at Pirbright have previously described H9N2 viruses which showed a preference for human-like receptors. Professor Iqbal said: "Understanding more about which traits increase the likelihood of H9N2 viruses jumping into humans help to identify viruses that could pose a future threat. Keeping an eye on viruses with these traits can help us to be prepared in the event that one of them evolves to pass between people rather than only from birds to humans." This research was funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) the Medical Research Council (MRC) both part of UK Research and Innovation (UKRI). |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | https://www.pirbright.ac.uk/news/2021/01/latest-pirbright-collaboration-uncovers-genetic-markers-cou... |
| Description | Lecture Series To Veterinary Medicine students School of Veterinary Medicine University of Surrey |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Undergraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Lecture series in Virology to the BVetMed students at the School of Veterinary Medicine University of Surrey |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017,2018 |
| Description | Lecture on entereic coronaviruses to MSc Students (Surrey) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | A lecture was presented on the pathology, diagnosis and detection of enteric coronaviruses, including virus replication and interaction with the host. The students were engaged and asked/answered question throughout the session. We were invited to repeat the lecture for the subsequent student intakes. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2015,2016,2018 |
| Description | Lecture to MSc studnets University of Surrey |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Lecture on African swine fever virus to MSc students University of Surrey Veterinary faculty |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Lumpy Skin Disease D2R2 profile |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Provided expert opinion to the assessment (D2R2) of the risk of lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) to the UK. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017,2018 |
| Description | MBPAV -presentation |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Molecular Biology and Pathogenesis of avian viruses conference - Oxford 3-4th September 2018. Oral presentation given on drug resistant influenza viruses to approximately 50 scientist. Increased collaborative approaches following presentation. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | https://microbiologysociety.org/event/society-events-and-meetings/focused-meeting-2018-molecular-bio... |
| Description | MDV conference Tours 2016 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | During the 11th International Symposium on Marek's Disease and Avian Herpesviruses, which took place from 6 to 9 July 2016, Paolo Ribeca gave a talk on "Attenuation of MDV: an RNA-seq based perspective". |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| Description | MSc student visit |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | I hosted several MSc students from University of Surrey, discussed avian research with them and demonstrated some laboratory techniques. The students gained an understanding of academic research and laboratory work. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018,2019 |
| Description | Microbiology Society 2023 meeting |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Members of staff from my team presented at the national Microbiology Society annual meeting presenting talks on their data |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Microbiology Society Annual conference (UK) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | Poster or oral presentation at Microbiology Society annual conference, a major international event. The participants included researchers from many different areas of science. This provides a platform to promote research to a wider audience as well as discuss the key findings with experts in my own field. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019 |
| Description | Microbiology Society Avian Focus Meeting (UK) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | I gave a 15 minute oral presentation to an audience of around 80 people in 2016 and 2018. The audience consisted of researchers from many different scientific institutions from different areas of avian research. This was a great opportunity to present to experts in this field and gain novel insights into the project and the possible applications of my work. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016,2018 |
| Description | Microbiology Society Online talk for Dr. Jamie Kelly |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Workshop talk entitled, "High throughput screening to identify interferon stimulated genes whose expression is inhibitory to RSV infection. " |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Microbiology society 2021 online meeting talk |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Workshop talk entitled "SARS-CoV-2 Spike has broad tropism for mammalian ACE2 proteins, yet exhibits a distinct pattern of receptor usage when compared to other ß-coronavirus Spike proteins." |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Microsoc 2018 "Structure-guided identification of a pathogen with pandemic potential" poster |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Presented a poster on our research at the MicroSoc annual meeting |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Molecular Risk Assessment of Clade 2.3.4.4b H5Nx Avian Influenza Viruses |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | UK-China Avian Flu Control Workshop and Flu-Trail Map Workshop on 11 and 12 November 2024 at The Pirbright Institute, UK. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Multiple talks at XXIInd World Veterinary Poultry Association Congress - WVPAC 2023, Verona, Italy |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | three independent talks titled: (1) Selectively targeting antigens to chicken immune cells induces faster and very strong immunity in chicks with high levels of maternally derived antibodies, (2) The impact of avian influenza vaccination on zoonotic infections: lessons learned from the H7N9 avian influenza control, (3) Investigating molecular markers influences the haemagglutination activity of the H9N2 avian influenza viruses. Poultry production continues to face several challenges caused by avian influenza, including: (1) virus evolution & antigenic diversity, (2) emergence of new virus variants, (3) co-circulation of multiple variants of same pathogen, (4) mixed infection of different viruses (immunosuppression), (5) maternally derived antibody interference, and (6) poor quality vaccines and sub-optimal vaccination practices. From these challenges, the topic of discussion and research drives optimal vaccination strategies to improve: (1) potency: a single dose to induce faster, stronger and durable immunity against multiple pathogens, (2) effective: protect from clinical disease, reduced shedding and transmission, (3) affordability: cheap to produce and easy to deliver, (4) safety: no adverse impact to host or environment, (5) stability: retain efficacy for at least 1 year at indicated temperature, (6) DIVA: to allow differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals. Implementing new emerging vaccine approaches can: (1) enhance the efficacy, duration, and breadth of immunity, (2) reduce production losses, (3) improve cost-effectiveness, (4) improve productivity and economy, (5) improve animal welfare, and (6) reduce prevalence of viruses and protect public health (reduced virus prevalence = reduced zoonosis). |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | NIAID PPC/TPP meeting |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Supporters |
| Results and Impact | NIAID workshop on Preferred Product Profile / Target Product Profile definitions and use for genetic vector management products |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| Description | NL Next Generation Sequencing applications to improve livestock welfare, food security and socioeconomic stability in Brazil, British research Council, Newton Fund |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Presentation: Next Generation Sequencing applications to improve livestock welfare, food security and socioeconomic stability in Brazil, British research Council, Newton Fund |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2015 |
| Description | Negative Strand Virus 2018 Meeting "Structure-guided identification of morbilliviruses with zoonotic potential" Poster |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Presented a poster on the Structure-guided identification of morbilliviruses with zoonotic potential at the international negative strand virus (NSV) meeting in Verona, Italy. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | New Scientist interview |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Interview with New Scientist regarding genetic control of mosquitoes |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.newscientist.com/article/2210190-parasite-brings-down-mosquito-numbers-in-parts-of-guang... |
| Description | New rapid protection bird flu vaccine |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A magazine, newsletter or online publication |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Article published in the magazine "Poultry World) by Freelance journalist Natalie Berkhout describing the development of a new methods have been developed to enhance the immune response that vaccines produce and reduce the amount of virus that birds shed into the environment. One technique involves tagging flu virus proteins with a marker that makes them easier for antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to capture. These immune cells can efficiently process the tagged proteins, resulting in a robust and long-lasting antiviral response in chickens. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| URL | https://www.poultryworld.net/health-nutrition/health/new-rapid-protection-bird-flu-vaccine/ |
| Description | Nick Rufford, Sunday Time Mag, published 27/08/2017 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Provided information and quotes for Sunday TImes Magazine article on GM mosquitoes and Zika |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| URL | https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/how-genetically-engineered-mosquitoes-will-save-lives-kwc8nmwh5 |
| Description | Nido2021 - ND |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | ND presented a poster at the Nidovirus symposium entitled "Identification of sites of infectious bronchitis virus RNA synthesis". She discussed our data with the audience. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Nidovirus symposium |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | I presented my work at the Nidovirus Symposium, which is held every three years and brings together researchers from industry and academia from many different countries. I had some interesting discussions with other researchers and built my network. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | Offer Paper oral presentation "Rapid Mammalian adaptation of H9N2 avian influenza viruses" at Microbiology society annual conference 4th April 2017 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Offer Paper oral presentation "Rapid Mammalian adaptation of H9N2 avian influenza viruses" at Microbiology society annual conference 4th April 2017. Talk in the main virus symposia with an audience of approximately 200 researchers (PhD students through to Professors) mainly based in UK but some international. Discussions with other researchers around this area of work and increase in national profile of groups work. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | One Health: Zoonosis and Their Control Through the Use of Vaccines |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Presented a talk as an invited speaker at the conference entitled "National Dialogue on Agricultural Research" at the National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad, Pakistan. The persistence of avian influenza viruses in bird populations increases zoonotic and pandemic risks. Research focuses on reducing prevalence of viruses and protect public health (reduced virus prevalence = reduced zoonosis). To address this, topics discussed included research focuses in: (1) virus evolution & antigenic diversity, (2) emergence of new virus variants, (3) co-circulation of multiple variants of same pathogen, (4) mixed infection of different viruses (immunosuppression), (5) maternally derived antibody interference, and (6) poor quality vaccines and sub-optimal vaccination practices. From these challenges, the topic of discussion and research drives optimal vaccination strategies to improve: (1) potency: a single dose to induce faster, stronger and durable immunity against multiple pathogens, (2) effectiveness: protect from clinical disease, reduced shedding and transmission, (3) affordability: cheap to produce and easy to deliver, (4) safety: no adverse impact to host or environment, (5) stability: retain efficacy for at least 1 year at indicated temperature, (6) DIVA: to allow differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals. Implementing new emerging vaccine approaches can: (1) enhance the efficacy, duration, and breadth of immunity, (2) reduce production losses, (3) improve cost-effectiveness, (4) improve productivity and economy, (5) improve animal welfare, and (6) reduce prevalence of viruses and protect public health. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Opening of The Biggs Avian Research Facility |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | We presented our research and spoke to guests attending the opening of the Biggs Avian Research Facility at Pirbright. Guests who attended included politicians and members of the public from the local area, eminent researchers from other institutions, and members of BBSRC. Guests reported that they felt much more informed about the work going on at Pirbright and were impressed by our facilities. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Oral and poster presentation at European Society of veterinary Virology and EPIZONE (ESVV/EPIZONE) at Vienna, Austria 2018 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Presentation has been made on early events of PPR virus pathogenesis. The presentation reveled that PPR virus first taken up by the immune cells to the Pharyngeal tonsil and then to other lymph nodes before generalisation of the disease. Secondary replication happens in epithelial cells. This alters the existing believe that virus primarily replicate in the epithelial cells. Similarly a poster presentation has been done to show the detection of nucleic acid of PPR virus during PPR eradication programme, nasal sample has been shown as the best sample for viral genome detection. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Oral presentation at the Global Alliance for Research on Avian Disease meeting in Hanoi, Vietnam 15th -19th Jan 2018 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | A talk was given on the PB1-F2 function in avian influenza infection of avian hosts at the GARAD meeting. This meeting was attended by approximately 120 researchers and poultry industry members from a wide international geographic region. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Oral presentation to Large Animal Research Network 24th May 2017 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Talk about work understanding PB1-F2 function in avian hosts highlighting how the animal work carried out was undertaken and monitored. this was delivered to an audience of researchers, funders and industry interested in animal model systems for research and the 3Rs commitment surrounding this work. Discussions with interested parties about our chicken work at the Institute and the diverse way that the birds are entertained whilst being housed (e.g. live food, vegetables, perches, dust baths etc). |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | Oral presentation, Global Foot-and-Mouth (F M D) Research Alliance (G F R A) conference, Korea, 2017 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Oral presentation, Global Foot-and-Mouth (F M D) Research Alliance (G F R A) conference, Korea, 2017 Title: The Development of New Master Vaccine Seed Stocks for FMD Control in East Africa |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | Oral preserntation at Influenza update Meeting in Edinburgh 21st November 2017 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Presentation of "Rapid Mammalian adaptation of H9N2 virus" to Influenza researchers attending the 2 day Influenza viruses meeting at the Roslin institute in Edinburgh. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | Organisation of Influenza meeting at Roslin Institute 21st-22nd November 2017 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Along with Paul Digard (Edinburgh) and Edward Hutchinson (Glasgow) I helped to organize, plan and run a Influenza update meeting which ran for 2 days at The Roslin Institute in November 2017. The symposium was attended by approximately 60 influenza researchers from the UK. Talks were given by a range of people with student talks and posters being awarded prizes. This was supported by Medimmune and the Microbiology Society. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | Organisation of UK-India Bioinformatics Workshop |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | The meeting discussed the challenges and opportunities and have decided to come up with a strategy document on working together between UK and India on data-driven biology |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Organised the 3rd UK-China CERAD meeting in Guildford, UK in July 2017 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | The 3rd UK-China CERAD meeting helped to bring together professional from both countries to identify challenges and exploit the opportunities for improved control of poultry diseases and increasing food security. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| URL | http://www.uk-china-cerad.org/ |
| Description | Organiser of the Animal Genetics and Diseases conference 08 - 10 May 2019 Wellcome Genome Campus, UK. Highlighting recent advances in animal genetics and genomic technologies. |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | I am on the organising committee for this conference. The second conference in this series will highlight recent advances in animal genetics and genomic technologies. It will bring together specialists working on the interface of genomics, genetic engineering and infectious disease with the aims of improving animal and human health and welfare. Novel genomic technologies, mathematical modelling and quantitative genetics approaches, applied to host animals, as well as their pathogens, have transformed the understanding of animal diseases, host-pathogen interactions and epidemiology and their effects on productivity of farmed animal species and food supply chains. This year's conference will not only put the spotlight on the immune response of host animals and epidemiology but also cover the genetics and genomics of pathogens and the impact of animal-human relationships. We encourage registrations from researchers, breeders and technical specialists interested in learning and disseminating the latest cutting-edge techniques and methodologies across model species, wildlife, farmed animals and companion animals. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://coursesandconferences.wellcomegenomecampus.org/our-events/animal-genetics-diseases-2019/?dm_... |
| Description | Organising and giving Keynote talk at the GARAD meeting |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Global Alliance of Poultry industry professional and academia to discuss about the advances in control strategies of diseases |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | http://Garad.org |
| Description | PDRA in my group Stacey Human attending Cheltenham Science Festival |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Stimulating increased interest in science and research |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | PH Filming for BBC4 programme |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press) |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Interview about imaging SARS2-CoV-2 in the EM |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | PPR eradication meeting organised by FAO and OIE at Rome and talk has been delived on Development of DIVA vaccines |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | Satya Parida is working as an expert to PPR eradication and he is being invited for few of FAO/OIE meetings. The meetings discussed about roadmap, vaccine production capacity and eradication policy. Satya also presented work on PPR DIVA vaccine and DIVA tests developments and their evaluation in goats. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | PPR-Global Research and Expertise Network talk "Examining the zoonotic potential of PPRV" Vienna 2018 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Gave a talk to the inaugural meeting of the PPR Global Research and Expertise Network (PPR GREN) at IAEA headquarters in Vienna, Austria. Participants included policy makers from the FAO and OIE. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | PRIDE day event TPI - HM, ND, CH, YC, MB |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Stall presented describing recent research of the Coronavirus Cellular Biology group at the Pirbright Institute PRIDE event, celebrating Pirbright science and activites. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Pig and Poultry Fair 2019 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | Discussed Institute research with pig and poultry farmers, related industry and the general public. Received requests for more information related to research, business and studentships. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | https://www.pigandpoultry.org.uk/ |
| Description | Pirbright Bioimaging Conference 2022 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | A small workshop on next generation imaging technologies, with collaborators from Diamond, Glasgow and other institutes. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Pirbright Dragon Fair - MZ |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Team members attended the locally held Dragon fair where the Pirbright Institute had a stand explaining the types of research that are conducted at the Institute, making our high containment science activities transparent to the local community. Approximately 60 people engaged with the stall to learn about the science happening on their doorstep. This stimulated interest in science and research. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Pirbright Institute research teams studying characteristics of influenza virus that may alter disease outcomes in poultry. |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Avian influenza, commonly known as "bird flu," is a disease caused by multiple strains of influenza virus. The viruses can infect a wide range of animals, including people and pigs, but the natural reservoir lies in populations of wild aquatic birds such as ducks and gulls, according to an announcement from The Pirbright Institute in the U.K., which is conducting research to better understand avian influenza viruses to help prevent the disease in poultry. Flu virus strains are categorized by the combination of the two proteins found on the outside of the virus: hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N) -- for example, H5N6 or H9N2. The H protein binds to cell receptors in order to initiate infection, while the N protein helps release new viruses from an infected cell, the institute explained. Strains are also classified by severity. Low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses cause clinical signs such as mild breathing problems, decreased egg production and growth. Some birds, particularly ducks and geese, do not display any signs of LPAI infection and are still able to spread the disease, Pirbright said. When LPAI viruses circulate in high-density poultry areas, the viruses can mutate into highly pathogenic strains. Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses have severe and often fatal effects on some species of birds such as chickens, Pirbright noted, but some HPAI strains cause mild or no clinical signs of disease in wild birds and domestic waterfowl. These strains are notifiable, meaning government control measures must be put in place. Avian influenza can be carried vast distances by wild migratory birds and can infect domesticated poultry through direct contact or through contaminated droppings and bodily fluids, Pirbright said. Because of this, there is a year-round risk of avian influenza, which can increase depending on the disease status in a region and the migration season of wild aquatic birds. According to Pirbright, good biosecurity is essential in preventing poultry from being exposed to the disease and can be practiced on a commercial farm, with game birds or even with just a few backyard hens. Why is influenza so difficult to prevent? The institute explained that influenza viruses are constantly changing, and when they replicate, small errors called mutations are copied into their genome. Some of these will alter the virus's proteins, allowing the virus to escape detection by the immune system. All flu viruses also have the potential to undergo a process called reassortment, where two or more strains of influenza infect the same animal, allowing them to swap parts of their genome, Pirbright said. The resulting viruses can potentially have different characteristics than the original strains, such as the ability to replicate in different species, including people, the institute added. Avian influenza viruses such as H5N1 or H7N9 have infected people, predominantly in Southeast Asia, but in these cases, the virus has been transmitted directly from infected birds to people, with no onward spread. There is some evidence that avian influenza can be passed from person to person, and while there are no records of efficient or sustained human transmission, there is a constant risk that one of the new strains may spread easily among people, which could result in a new influenza virus pandemic, Pirbright said. Changes in the virus genetics from mutation or reassortment make it very difficult to anticipate how influenza viruses will spread through a population and whether current vaccines will be suitable for the strains that are circulating, Pirbright announced. The influenza research programs at Pirbright are progressing understanding of the virus and finding better ways to prevent its spread. Pirbright Institute group leaders Dr. Holly Shelton and professor Munir Iqbal are researching how the characteristics of influenza viruses can change the outcomes of disease. Studying flu at the molecular level allows them to find out how the virus evolves to overcome avian immunity and how changes in their genome can alter disease severity and their ability to affect different species, the announcement said. Shelton's and Iqbal's teams are working on identifying genetic markers for specific disease traits that can be used in surveillance systems to provide forewarning of strains that could cause pandemics. For example, Shelton's Influenza Viruses group is looking at which characteristics allow the viruses to become resistant to antiviral drugs that are currently used to treat human infections of influenza, allowing surveillance to provide an early warning of viruses that could cross into humans and be difficult to control, Pirbright said. The team is also investigating how long it takes for avian influenza viruses to adapt to new mammalian species. According to the institute, establishing which strains can rapidly adapt and identifying the genetic changes made to enable infection of mammalian cells will help with surveillance efforts and potentially lead to the development of techniques that will help prevent these mutations occurring. Vaccination and rapid diagnosis are very important for influenza prevention and control, but it is still not currently possible to protect against all influenza strains, Pirbright said, noting that Iqbal's Avian Influenza group is exploring which sites on the virus trigger the chicken immune system to respond quickly and fight off infection. This will better inform scientists' ability to match vaccines to strains in the field and could help to develop vaccines that are more effective. Iqbal's group is also developing multivalent vaccines that protect chickens and ducks from several avian influenza subtypes at once as well as test kits for rapid diagnosis of different subtypes at the flock-side, the announcement said. Visit Pirbright's Influenza Viruses and the Avian Influenza group pages to find out more about their research. Source: The Pirbright Institute, which is solely responsible for the information provided and is wholly owned by the source. Informa Business Media and all its subsidiaries are not responsible for any of the content contained in this information asset. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.feedstuffs.com/nutrition-health/protecting-poultry-avian-influenza |
| Description | Plenary discussion at World Vaccine Congress on Pandemic Preparedness with CEPI and WHO |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Round table discussion with representatives from WHO, CEPI and Pirbright on "how can we better collaborate with a one health approach to prepare for the next pandemic?" Organised as part of hybrid World Vaccine Congress. WHO representative was Dr. Maria Van Kerkhove who was leading the WHO's Covid response as well as Jakob Cramer from CEPI. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Positive Strand Viruses Conference |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | This was a poster presentation. There were several different poster sessions at the conference allowing a large selection of people to view each poster. The audience included world leaders in my research field and important names from groups all over the world. This gave me the opportunity to discuss my work with other scientists on a one to one basis, leading to generation of new ideas for future experiments and collaborations. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2010,2013,2016,2019 |
| Description | Postdoctoral research Carina Conceicao poster at Microsoc 2019 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Carina presented data on her work about morbillivirus host range |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Postdoctoral researcher James Kelly - poster at Microsoc 2019 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Jamie presented data from our MRC project on the inhibition of RSV and MeV fusion by the interferon system |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Postdoctoral researcher Stacey Human talk at Microsoc 2019 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Stacey presented her data on examining the cellular processes involved in trafficking RSV components to the cell surface. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Poster and flash presentation at Microscience Microscopy Congress - PP |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | 3 minute flask presentation and poster entitled "Correlative cryo-bioimaging to study coronavirus replication organelles" |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Poster presenation at Nipah @20 conference in Singapore |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Attendance at a conference on Nipah virus, commemorating 20 years since its emergence in Malaysia and Singapore. The RA in my group presented a poster on our work developing new assays to screen the humoral response to this virus. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.nipah2019.com/ |
| Description | Poster presentation (two posters) EuFMD conference, Italy, 2018 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Poster presentation (two posters) EuFMD conference, Italy, 2018 1). Development of Master Vaccine Seeds for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Control in Sub-Saharan Africa 2). Chimeric SAT2 with improved thermostability as an FMD vaccine candidate |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Poster presentation as ToScA conference - PP |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | PP presented a poster entitled "Correlative cryo-imaging tools for the study of coronavirus replication organelles" at the ToScA conference. He discussed his data with conference attendees. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Poster presentation at EUFMD meeting at Burgo by the senior postc of the PI group on epitope prediction of serotype O FMD virus |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | In this presentation we have shown 3 new epitopes of the FMD virus. An manuscript has been submitted for publication on this. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Poster presentation at International Nidovirus Syposium 2023 - HM |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Poster entitled "Cross virus comparison of coronavirus proteins involved in replication organelle formation" |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Poster presentation at International Nidovirus Syposium 2023 - ND |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Poster presentation entitled "Coronavirus RNA synthesis occurs in membrane-bound sites" |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Poster presentation at Microbiology Society annual conference - CH |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Presentation of a poster titled "Investigating CoV Spherules Using a Replicon-based System" and discussion of data with conference participants. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Poster presentation at Microbiology Society annual conference - YC |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Presentation of a poster titled "Development of a CRISPR/Cas9 GeCKO library screen to identify pro-viral cellular genes in chicken cells that can be exploited to control avian endemic viruses" including discussion of data with conference participants. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Poster presentation at Microbiology Society annual conference - YC |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Poster entitled "Development of a CRISPR/Cas9 GeCKO library screen to identify pro-viral cellular genes in chicken cells that can be exploited to control avian endemic viruses" |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Poster presentation at Microbiology Society annual conference - YC |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | YC presented a poster entitled "Development of a CRISPR/Cas9 GeCKO library screen to identify pro-viral cellular genes in chicken cells that can be exploited to control avian endemic viruses" at the Microbiology Society annual conference in Belfast. She discussed her data with conference attendees and answered their questions. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Poultry Health course |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Poultry Health Course is run as a residential and online course to transfer recent advances in avian disease research from the laboratory to the field. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | Pre-2006 |
| URL | http://www.poultryhealthcourse.com/ |
| Description | Presentation at American Society for Virology conference |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Invited to give a keynote talk on "Rational vaccine design for the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus" at the ASV Satellite Symposium: Viral Pathogenesis and Prevention in Animals, discussed research and future plans with other researches in the field. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Presentation at Avian Diseases Symposium - ND |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | ND presented a short talk at the Avian Diseases Symposium entitled "Identification of sites of infectious bronchitis virus RNA synthesis". She discussed our data and answered questions from the audience. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Presentation at Avian Research Symposium - ND |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | ND presented a short talk at the Avian Diseases Symposium entitled "Identification of sites of infectious bronchitis virus RNA synthesis". She discussed our data and answered questions from the audience. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Presentation at Avian Research Symposium - PP |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | PP presented a talk at the Avia Research Symposium entitled "Correlative cryo-bioimaging to study avian coronavirus replication organelles". He presented data and answered questions from the audience. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Presentation at Avian viruses focussed meeting - Sept 2018 ND |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Presentation of data as an offered paper at the molecular biology and pathogenesis of avian viruses meeting, Oxford Sept 2018. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Presentation at Global Alliance for Research on Avian Diseases Conference |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Presentation of my research at the Global Alliance for Research on Avian Diseases Conference in Vietnam to approximately 80 conference participants resulted in discussions about future research directions. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Presentation at Imaging virus infected cells meeting - ND |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | ND presented a talk entitled "Identification of sites of infectious bronchitis virus RNA synthesis" at the Imaging Virus infected cells meeting hosted at Pirbright. She answered questions and discussed her data with conference attendees. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Presentation at Imaging virus infected cells meeting - PP |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | PP was invited to present a talk entitled "Correlative cryo-bioimaging of coronavirus replication organelles" at the Imaging virus infected cells meeting held at Pirbright. Patrick answered questions on his presentation and discussed data with other researchers studying virus-host cell interactions using bioimaging approaches. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Presentation at Inter-institute Bioimaging networking meeting |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | An event was held to enable improved collaboration opportunities between scientists working with bioimaging techniques at the different research institutes within the UK. I presented data from the last 10 years describing our work characterising replication organelles induced by IBV, describing the different techniques and approaches we have used and the outlook for the future. The talk aimed to showcase the bioimaging facilities at Pirbright to encourage new collaborations. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Presentation at International Nidovirus Symposium 2023 - PP |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | 10 minute presentation entitled "Correlative cryo-bioimaging to study coronavirus replication organelles" |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Presentation at Microbiology Society Early Career Microbiologist Forum |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | We presented a talk on "Examination of in vitro cell lines and ex vivo tracheal organ cultures for the study of porcine respiratory coronavirus" at the Early Career Microbiologist Forum organised by the Microbiology Society. This was a great opportunity for early career scientists to network with others and gain experience in presenting their research. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Presentation at Microbiology Society Meeting |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Two presentations at Microbiology Society UK Annual Meeting Belfast April 2022 |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Presentation at Microbiology Society annual conference - ND |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Poster presentation at the Microbiology Society annual conference entitled "Coronavirus RNA synthesis occurs in membrane-bound sites" |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Presentation at Microbiology Society annual conference - ND |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | ND presented a talk entitled "Identification of sites of infectious bronchitis virus RNA synthesis" in a workshop session at the Microbiology Society annual conference. She answered questions and discussed her data with conference attendees. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Presentation at Microbiology Society annual conference - PP |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | PP presented a talk entitled "Correlative cryo-bioimaging to study avian coronavirus replication organelles" in a workshop at the Microbiology Society annual conference in Belfast. He answered questions and discussed his data with conference attendees. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Presentation at Microbiology Society annual conference - PP |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | 10 minute talk entitled "Correlative cryo-bioimaging to study coronavirus replication organelles" |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Presentation at Microbiology Society annual conference in Belfast |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Presentation of "The canonical stem loop RNA structure of the s2m genetic element is not required for avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus replication in vitro however deletion of the s2m sequence results in a 36-nucleotide insertion" and "Characterising the ion channel inactivating mutations in the E protein of Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV)" during the virology workshops to other research scientists and students. We also presented a poster on "Examination of in vitro cell lines and ex vivo tracheal organ cultures for the study of porcine respiratory coronavirus". Good feedback was received and ideas generated for further research. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Presentation at Microscience Microscopy Congress - HM |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Poster entitled "Cross virus comparison of coronavirus proteins involved in replication organelle formation" |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Presentation at Nidovirus symposium |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Presentation given on "The canonical stem loop RNA structure of the s2m genetic element in the avian coronavirus Infectious Bronchitis Virus is not required for viral replication in vitro but may play a role during in vivo infection" at the poster session of the The XVth International Nidovirus Symposium. Discussions with other researchers in the coronavirus field resulted in new ideas to take the research forwards. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Presentation at RIVR meeting |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Oral presentation of my work to other researchers at the Recently Independent Virology Researchers meeting. I discussed my data with other researchers and potential for future collaboration. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016,2017,2019,2020 |
| Description | Presentation at RIVR meetings |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Presentation of my research at Recently Independent Virology Researchers (RIVR) meetings in 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020. I discussed my work and future collaborations with other virology researchers working in the UK. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016,2017,2018,2019,2020 |
| Description | Presentation at Translation UK 2019 - MJB |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Poster presnetation of data to scientistis at the annual Translation UK meeting. Viewers of the poster asked lots of questions and there were some useful discussions around future plans. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Presentation at UK-ICN ECR meeting - PP |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | 10 minute talk entitled "Structural studies of coronavirus replication organelles". |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Presentation by Dr Ana Reis 16th Applied Biosafety Meeting, Swiss Biosafety Network Geneva 25th to 26th August 2022 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Talk on Reserach on African swine fever |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Presentation by Dr Anusyah Rathakrishnan at European Society for Veterinary Virology Conference Ghent Sep 2022 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Research presentation on development of live attenuated ASFV vaccine |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Presentation by ND at Nidovirus symposium |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | The post-doctoral researcher presented our data at the 14th international Nidovirus symposium. She discussed data and potential collaboration with other scientisits from the field. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | Presentation by RH at Nidovirus symposium |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | PhD student presented our data at the 14th international Nidovirus symposium. He discussed results and potential for future collaboration with other scientists in the field. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | Presentation of data at Microbiology Society Annual conference 2019 - MJB |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Oral presentation of data to scientists at the Annual Microbiology Society conferene, Belfast. After the presentation there were questions and disussion. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Presentation of data at Microbiology Society Annual conference 2019 - ND |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Presentation of data to scientists at the annual Microbiology Society Conference, Belfast. Following the presentation there were questions and discussion with other scientists. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Presentation of project results at the 13th International dsRNA Virus Symposium 24th-28th of September 2018 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Poster and Oral presentations included key results of the studentship project |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Presentation to BBSRC Executive Board |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | I presented our research to the BBSRC Executive Board when they visited The Pirbright Institute in September 2018 and discussed the impacts of our work.. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Presentations at Avian Research Symposium |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | We have presented our research at the Avian Research Symposium organised by the National Avian Resource Facility at the Roslin Institute in 2021 (Rational vaccine design for the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus) and 2023 (Disruption of the s2m RNA structure in the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus results in reduced clinical disease during in vivo infection). We have engaged with other researchers to expand our network and discussed future research activities. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021,2023 |
| Description | Presentations at Microbiology Society focused conference on Avian Infectious Diseases |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | The Microbiology Society supported a focused meeting on avian infectious disease research, bringing together scientists from all over the world to discuss their research. We gave presentations on "Characterisation of the Infectious Bronchitis Virus E Protein for Rational Vaccine Design" and "Rational vaccine design for the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus", received good feedback on our work and ideas for future research. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Presentations at the UK International Coronavirus Network (UK-ICN) AGM |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | We presented research "The Genetic Stability, Replication Kinetics and Cytopathogenicity of Recombinant Avian Coronaviruses with a T16A or an A26F Mutation within the E Protein Is Cell-Type Dependent" and "A temperature sensitive recombinant of avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus provides complete protection against homologous challenge" and a poster on "A novel in-cell micro neutralisation assay for the human coronavirus OC-43: Allowing rapid and automated quantification of neutralising effect of antibodies and antiviral compounds" at the annual general meeting of the UK-ICN in Cambridge. We networked with other researchers working in the coronavirus field and discussed future research. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Prevalence and Control of Avian Influenza Viruses in Poultry |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | Presented a seminar (as an invited speaker) to poultry stakeholders including farmers and veterinarians at "Morocco Poultry Day" organised by Boehringer-Ingelheim in Tangier, Morocco. Poultry production continues to face several challenges caused by avian influenza, including: (1) virus evolution & antigenic diversity, (2) emergence of new virus variants, (3) co-circulation of multiple variants of same pathogen, (4) mixed infection of different viruses (immunosuppression), (5) maternally derived antibody interference, and (6) poor quality vaccines and sub-optimal vaccination practices. From these challenges, the topic of discussion and research drives optimal vaccination strategies to improve: (1) potency: a single dose to induce faster, stronger and durable immunity against multiple pathogens, (2) effectiveness: protect from clinical disease, reduced shedding and transmission, (3) affordability: cheap to produce and easy to deliver, (4) safety: no adverse impact to host or environment, (5) stability: retain efficacy for at least 1 year at indicated temperature, (6) DIVA: to allow differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals. Implementing new emerging vaccine approaches can: (1) enhance the efficacy, duration, and breadth of immunity, (2) reduce production losses, (3) improve cost-effectiveness, (4) improve productivity and economy, (5) improve animal welfare, and (6) reduce prevalence of viruses and protect public health (reduced virus prevalence = reduced zoonosis). |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Preventing a future pandemic by imitating natural selection |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | By Munir Iqbal A new type of avian influenza that can infect poultry and humans, called H7N9, emerged in China in February 2013. Since then, there have been over 1500 confirmed human infections with an estimated 40% case fatality rate. In the wake of COVID-19, these numbers may seem to be relatively small. But these statistics provide an example of the issues we face in controlling influenza viruses in animals and how understanding more about these viruses can help us to predict, prevent and control outbreaks, protecting both poultry and human health. Influenza viruses infect a huge range of animals, but the strains that are of greatest concern to us are those that circulate in livestock such as pigs and poultry, where people in farming industries have close contact with the animals. Influenza viruses can rapidly mutate, allowing them to escape the immune responses of the animals they infect and even jump to new species. There have been five major epidemic waves of H7N9 in China. The final wave in 2016-2017 saw the originally mild disease of poultry mutate to cause higher levels of mortality in chickens and spread almost everywhere in China. The severity of H7N9 AIV situation prompted the Chinese government to implement a mass vaccination programme against H7N9 in poultry in 2017. Since its use, the number of poultry outbreaks along with human infections has dropped dramatically, with only three human infection cases reported during 2017 to 2018 and one human infection case reported during 2018 to 2019. This may sound like vaccination has solved the problem and the virus will now be eradicated. Unfortunately, this is not the case - despite the reduction in disease outbreaks due to vaccination, these viruses have not been eradicated. This is partly because of influenza's high mutation rate - vaccination can inadvertently encourage the evolution of viruses with mutations that allow them to escape vaccine-induced immunity. Once a virus escapes, it can spread rapidly, thereby making the vaccine ineffective and a new one must be designed. This is where our research comes in. Our aim is to understand how H7N9 viruses could potentially mutate in the field in response to vaccination, and how these genetic changes could alter how the virus acts (for example, by making it more dangerous to poultry or by helping it to infect humans more effectively). By imitating the natural selection process in the lab, we found several mutations and identified that one specific mutation allows the virus to escape from vaccine-induced immunity. Importantly, three other mutations that we observed in our lab studies had been found in the field in 2019 indicating that our method can predict the evolution of influenza viruses. These three mutations prevent H7N9 viruses from binding to human cells, but increase their binding, replication and stability in chicken cells and embryos. This could mean that the strains which have these mutations pose a lower threat to human health, but increase the risk to poultry. This shows that mass vaccination of poultry against H7N9 strains in China drives virus evolution away from human pandemic. But viruses with 'escape mutations' remain a significant risk to poultry due to their ability to escape vaccine-induced immunity and persist in poultry. Our studies may also help to explain the Chinese government's successful control of H7N9 infection in humans by mass poultry vaccination. On one hand, the mass poultry vaccination protects the poultry from H7N9 infection and greatly reduces the risk of human infections as the majority of human H7N9 cases are linked to exposure to infected poultry or contaminated environments. On the other hand, even when some viruses escape the vaccine-induced immunity, they pose reduced risk to humans due to the lost human receptor binding. However, this may not be the case for all strains. Other mutations may arise in the future that have human pandemic potential or are even more deadly to poultry. Using a method that can predict how vaccination may change influenza virus characteristics is hugely valuable as it can provide advanced warning of mutations that could increase likelihood of human infection. Incorporating these mutations into global health surveillance efforts can help relevant authorities to monitor potential threats and get ahead of them before they have a chance to spiral out of control. Professor Munir Iqbal is head of the Avian Influenza Group at The Pirbright Institute. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| URL | https://www.newton-gcrf.org/impact/data-insights-blog/preventing-a-future-pandemic-by-imitating-natu... |
| Description | Preventing and controlling avian influenza infections in poultry and humans |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Poultry production continues to face several challenges caused by avian influenza, including: (1) virus evolution & antigenic diversity, (2) emergence of new virus variants, (3) co-circulation of multiple variants of same pathogen, (4) mixed infection of different viruses (immunosuppression), (5) maternally derived antibody interference, and (6) poor quality vaccines and sub-optimal vaccination practices. From these challenges, the topic of discussion and research drives optimal vaccination strategies to improve: (1) potency: a single dose to induce faster, stronger and durable immunity against multiple pathogens, (2) effectiveness: protect from clinical disease, reduced shedding and transmission, (3) affordability: cheap to produce and easy to deliver, (4) safety: no adverse impact to host or environment, (5) stability: retain efficacy for at least 1 year at indicated temperature, (6) DIVA: to allow differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals. Implementing new emerging vaccine approaches can: (1) enhance the efficacy, duration, and breadth of immunity, (2) reduce production losses, (3) improve cost-effectiveness, (4) improve productivity and economy, (5) improve animal welfare, and (6) reduce prevalence of viruses and protect public health (reduced virus prevalence = reduced zoonosis). |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Project close meeting at TANUVAS, Chennai July 2018- Delivering talk on outcome of the project |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | The project team held their final workshop at TANUVAS, which concluded a four year Farmed Animal Disease and Health (FADH) grant joint funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) and the Indian Government's Department of Biotechnology (DBT). "This grant has enabled us to collaborate with four organisations across India, and ensured that our research can be applied in the field to aid the campaign for PPR global eradication", said Professor Parida.The project covered many areas of research which are essential for understanding PPR and creating tools to help control and prevent the disease. The team have now filed a patent application for their newly developed PPR vaccine, which is the first to differentiate between vaccinated and infected animals (DIVA) - a quality that enables livestock owners to protect their animals whilst continuing to trade. The team have also investigated how the PPR virus (PPRV) infects sheep and goats and how their immune systems respond. By inserting green fluorescent protein into virulent PPRV and administering the modified virus to goats, they demonstrated that PPRV primarily infects the tonsils, challenging the earlier belief that the virus first replicates in the respiratory tract epithelial cells. The collaborative project has also generated better diagnostic tests for use in the field and laboratory, and preliminary research has identified why some Indian breeds of goats and sheep are resistant to the disease, which could help scientists to create PPRV resistant breeds in the future. Project partners, scientists from the University and 40 field veterinarians have joined the meeting. An awareness training has been conducted on PPR disease and eradication for these field veterinarians. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | https://www.pirbright.ac.uk/news/2018/09/pirbright-scientists-run-vaccination-campaign-eradicate-pes... |
| Description | Protecting poultry from avian influenza |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Avian influenza, commonly known as "bird flu," is a disease caused by multiple strains of influenza virus. The viruses can infect a wide range of animals, including people and pigs, but the natural reservoir lies in populations of wild aquatic birds such as ducks and gulls, according to an announcement from The Pirbright Institute in the U.K., which is conducting research to better understand avian influenza viruses to help prevent the disease in poultry. Flu virus strains are categorized by the combination of the two proteins found on the outside of the virus: hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N) -- for example, H5N6 or H9N2. The H protein binds to cell receptors in order to initiate infection, while the N protein helps release new viruses from an infected cell, the institute explained. Strains are also classified by severity. Low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses cause clinical signs such as mild breathing problems, decreased egg production and growth. Some birds, particularly ducks and geese, do not display any signs of LPAI infection and are still able to spread the disease, Pirbright said. When LPAI viruses circulate in high-density poultry areas, the viruses can mutate into highly pathogenic strains. Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses have severe and often fatal effects on some species of birds such as chickens, Pirbright noted, but some HPAI strains cause mild or no clinical signs of disease in wild birds and domestic waterfowl. These strains are notifiable, meaning government control measures must be put in place. Avian influenza can be carried vast distances by wild migratory birds and can infect domesticated poultry through direct contact or through contaminated droppings and bodily fluids, Pirbright said. Because of this, there is a year-round risk of avian influenza, which can increase depending on the disease status in a region and the migration season of wild aquatic birds. According to Pirbright, good biosecurity is essential in preventing poultry from being exposed to the disease and can be practiced on a commercial farm, with game birds or even with just a few backyard hens. Why is influenza so difficult to prevent? The institute explained that influenza viruses are constantly changing, and when they replicate, small errors called mutations are copied into their genome. Some of these will alter the virus's proteins, allowing the virus to escape detection by the immune system. All flu viruses also have the potential to undergo a process called reassortment, where two or more strains of influenza infect the same animal, allowing them to swap parts of their genome, Pirbright said. The resulting viruses can potentially have different characteristics than the original strains, such as the ability to replicate in different species, including people, the institute added. Avian influenza viruses such as H5N1 or H7N9 have infected people, predominantly in Southeast Asia, but in these cases, the virus has been transmitted directly from infected birds to people, with no onward spread. There is some evidence that avian influenza can be passed from person to person, and while there are no records of efficient or sustained human transmission, there is a constant risk that one of the new strains may spread easily among people, which could result in a new influenza virus pandemic, Pirbright said. Changes in the virus genetics from mutation or reassortment make it very difficult to anticipate how influenza viruses will spread through a population and whether current vaccines will be suitable for the strains that are circulating, Pirbright announced. The influenza research programs at Pirbright are progressing understanding of the virus and finding better ways to prevent its spread. Pirbright Institute group leaders Dr. Holly Shelton and professor Munir Iqbal are researching how the characteristics of influenza viruses can change the outcomes of disease. Studying flu at the molecular level allows them to find out how the virus evolves to overcome avian immunity and how changes in their genome can alter disease severity and their ability to affect different species, the announcement said. Shelton's and Iqbal's teams are working on identifying genetic markers for specific disease traits that can be used in surveillance systems to provide forewarning of strains that could cause pandemics. For example, Shelton's Influenza Viruses group is looking at which characteristics allow the viruses to become resistant to antiviral drugs that are currently used to treat human infections of influenza, allowing surveillance to provide an early warning of viruses that could cross into humans and be difficult to control, Pirbright said. The team is also investigating how long it takes for avian influenza viruses to adapt to new mammalian species. According to the institute, establishing which strains can rapidly adapt and identifying the genetic changes made to enable infection of mammalian cells will help with surveillance efforts and potentially lead to the development of techniques that will help prevent these mutations occurring. Vaccination and rapid diagnosis are very important for influenza prevention and control, but it is still not currently possible to protect against all influenza strains, Pirbright said, noting that Iqbal's Avian Influenza group is exploring which sites on the virus trigger the chicken immune system to respond quickly and fight off infection. This will better inform scientists' ability to match vaccines to strains in the field and could help to develop vaccines that are more effective. Iqbal's group is also developing multivalent vaccines that protect chickens and ducks from several avian influenza subtypes at once as well as test kits for rapid diagnosis of different subtypes at the flock-side, the announcement said. Visit Pirbright's Influenza Viruses and the Avian Influenza group pages to find out more about their research. Source: The Pirbright Institute, which is solely responsible for the information provided and is wholly owned by the source. Informa Business Media and all its subsidiaries are not responsible for any of the content contained in this information asset. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.feedstuffs.com/nutrition-health/protecting-poultry-avian-influenza |
| Description | Provided information to Podcast This week in Virology about African swine fever virus spread in wild boar |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press) |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | E-mail correspondence providing advice to presenters of TWIV This week in Virology Podcast. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | http://www.microbe.tv/twiv/twiv-532/ |
| Description | Public debate on Zoonotic threat at Cheltenham Science Festival |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | I was part of a panel debate on the threat of zoonosis and viral emergence in human populations, a ticketed event attended by around 150 members of the general public. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Q&A statement on coronaviruses provided to Science Media Centre - HJM |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | A Q&A statement on coronaviruses was provided to the science media centre, who distributed it to media outlets. Excerpt have been used in 1420 articles incuding the Daily Mail and syndicate articles. The Q&A was also used in a Pirbright Institute media statment. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| Description | RSB Genetic Tech Governance Workshop |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Workshop hosted by the Royal Society of Biology (RSB) on the use of genetic technologies and the governance and regulation of organisms developed by genetic modification, genome editing and other breeding methods |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Research Assistant in my group Nazia Thakur attending Cheltenham Science Festival |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Stimulating increased interest in science and research |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Research Presentation Veterinary Research Club UK "An African Swine Fever vaccine candidate based on multiple targeted gene deletions and mutagenesis" |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Talk on African swine fever virus vaccine development |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Research assistant Nazia Thakur talk at Microsoc 2019 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Nazia presented her data on the development of low containment assays to monitor the humoral response to vaccines |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Respond to request for comment - MIT News |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Interview regarding local "daisy" gene drives in mosquitoes |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | http://news.mit.edu/2019/daisy-chain-gene-drives-keeping-genetic-engineering-localized-0402 |
| Description | Returning to STEM event - ND |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | ND attended a workshop to discuss and exchange ideas about public engagement strategies. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Reverse genetics seminar (University of Surrey) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | A seminar was given based upon the reverse genetics system of infectious bronchitis virus. The audience was a group of 10 -15 MSc students from University of Surrey. The students were engaged, asked questions about the research and careers in science. We were asked to repeat the seminar for the next year's intake of students. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018 |
| Description | Reverse genetics seminar to MSc students |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | A seminar was presented describing reverse genetics of viruses, including infectious bronchitis virus and the application of reverse genetics in research. The students were interested and engaged, participating in activities and asking questions. We were invited to present the seminar in subsequent years for new student intakes. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013,2014,2015,2016,2018,2019 |
| Description | Royal Institution Christmas Lectures Family Day - LA |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Six Pirbright staff/students ran an all-day exhibit on gene editing and mosquitoes at the Royal Institution About 270 participants visited our stand; wide range of comments, questions, discussion and feedback |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Royal Institution Christmas Lectures Family Day - SB |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | About 270 participants visited our stand; wide range of comments, questions, discussion and feedback |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Royal Society Summer Fair - HJM |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | HJM attended the Pirbright stand at the Royal Society Summer Fair and presented the exhibit to visiting school children and members of the general public. The exhibit called "Disease detectives" helped visitors understand processes in identifying viruses causing disease, symptoms of infection, routes and rates of infection as well as control measures currently available and in development. The event allowed discussion of work on going in HJMs projects. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Royal Society Summer Fair - ND |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | ND attended the Pirbright stand at the Royal Society Summer Fair and presented the exhibit to visiting school children and members of the general public. The exhibit called "Disease detectives" helped visitors understand processes in identifying viruses causing disease, symptoms of infection, routes and rates of infection as well as control measures currently available and in development. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Royal Society Summer Fair - PP |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | PP attended the Pirbright stand at the Royal Society Summer Fair and presented the exhibit to visiting school children and members of the general public. The exhibit called "Disease detectives" helped visitors understand processes in identifying viruses causing disease, symptoms of infection, routes and rates of infection as well as control measures currently available and in development. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Royal Society of Biology Biology week talk, Winchester, 10/10/2017 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Talk organized by Royal Society of Biology as part of Biology Week. This one in Winchester, audience was general public with strong representation of school-age. Questions and discussion during and after formal talk. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | STEAMfest |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | Stimulating increased interest in science and research |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | STEAMfest - HJM |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | A large open day event at hosted at University of Surrey for students from a number of schools in the region to explore different scientific questions and areas of work. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | STEAMfest - HS |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | Team members attended the event where a flu fighters stand was displayed demonstrating how scientists are working to rapidly detect and control avian influenza in the filed to protect food security, animal welfare and human health. Approximately 200 secondary school students engaged with the stall and this stimulated increased interest in science and research, |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | STEM Day - Speed interviews and Careers Day 2018 - BA |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | Stimulating increased interest in research |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | STEM Outreach Event (Farnborough, 9th November) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | See web link |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| Description | STEM training: Gain confidence in talking to secondary school students - ND |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | ND attended a training event to learn effective techniques to engage with secondary school students. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Science Enrichment day at Park Mead School - ND |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | An engagment event at a local school teachin year 5 and 6 students about mosquitos and some of the work done at Pirbright. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Seminar given at The Roslin Institute - 19th October 2017 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Invited to give a Seminar on PB1-F2 programme of work at The Roslin Institute in Edinburgh to researchers. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | Seminar on African swine fever virus |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Seminar at Beijing Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences 12 Zhongguanchan South Stree, Haifing District Beijing |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Seminar on African swine fever virus |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Seminar on African swine fever virus host interactions and vaccine development. Yangzhou University Veterinary Faculty PR China |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Seminar on African swine fever virus |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | Presentation on African swine fever virus vaccine development to Yebio Bioengineering and China Animal Health and Epidemiology Centre, Qingdao, PR China |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Seminar on African swine fever virus virus host interaction and vaccine development |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Seminar on African swine fever virus evasion of host defences and vaccine development Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, UCL London |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Seminar on African swine fever virus virus host interaction and vaccine development |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Seminar Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences PR China |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Seminar on prospects for African swine fever virus vaccine development |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Seminar at Harbin Institute for Veterinary Research, PR China |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Seminar on virus host interactions and prospects for African swine fever virus vaccine development |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Seminar on African swine fever virus host interactions and vaccine development |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | SinoPic TT |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | 'SinoPic': Structural Biology of Picornaviruses meeting in China. Generating interest and collaborations in virus structural biology within China. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Stacey Human - University of Surrey Open Day |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | The postdoctoral researcher in my team took part in the University of Surrey Open Day advertising the work of The Pirbright Institute |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Student in my group Ciaran Gilbride attending Cheltenham Science Festival |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Stimulating increased interest in science and research |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Sue Baigent participated in the Teen Tech event on 22nd Jan 2019 on General Science engagement |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | A General Science event |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Sue Baigent participated in the Winston Churchill Careers Fair on 7th Nov 2018 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | Careers fair |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Surrey County Show |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | The Surrey County Show is an agricultural show in Guildford that is visited by the general public. The Pirbright Institute had a stand with various activities for visitors to take part in and explain our science to a wide audience. Giulia spent a day working on the stand and spoke with many children and adults about her work at Pirbright to change public attitudes and stimulate increased interest in research. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Surrey vet school open day - MJB |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | The event was an open day for prospective students for the University of Surrey vet school. The course includes a research placement, which can be conducted at Pirbright. Therefore there was a stand from Pirbright to describe the research we perform generally as well as a discussion of our specific research. The audience were generally interested and the information helped inform them when selecting a university course. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Sustainable poultry (meat and eggs) production in Pakistan: Challenges and Opportunities. |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Discussion on sustainable poultry (meat and eggs) production in Pakistan: Challenges and Opportunities. Presented at UKRI-GCRF "Food Security, Agriculture, and Nutrition" workshop, Marriott Hotel, Islamabad, Pakistan. 9th- 10th March 2020. organised by UKRI GCRF team. The outcomes include the establishment of collaborative links with key stakeholders including policymakers and disease control officials. Closer links were established with official responsible for animal health and food security officials including Minister for Science and Technology of Pakistan, High commissioner of UK High Commission in Pakitan. Discussion agenda and key outcomes were also communicated to the President of Pakistan, Chairman of Higher Education Commission Pakitan and representatives from FAO and UKRI GCRF team. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| URL | https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/626768-upsign-network-ukri-to-organise-global-development-workshops |
| Description | TATA June 2020 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Invited panelist for international online panel re mosquito borne diseases, which sparked numerous questions |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| URL | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_HHvwz1gW68 |
| Description | TK School activity - Teentech Surrey (15 Nov 17) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | Event where upwards of 100 school children aged 11-14 years attend from the regional area and complete STEM based challenges. Influenza virus based challenge set. This event has a measured impact in encouraging children to participate in STEM opportunities particularly girls and those in disadvantaged backgrounds. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| URL | http://www.teentech.com/ |
| Description | TV Interview Deutsche Welt |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press) |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Interview and filming at Pirbright for a programme on African swine fever virus broadcast on Deutsche Welt German TV Channel |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | TW ARC |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | ARC will hold up to two dissemination events per annum. The aim of these events is to facilitate the dissemination of the research findings from the grants awarded through ARC to the Industry Members of the Club and other researchers. The dissemination events also provide an excellent opportunity for networking and we encourage delegates to make the most of the time made available for this purpose in the programme. BBSRC staff and the ARC coordinators will be available throughout the day should you have any questions regarding the Club. Presentations: The presentations are the main opportunity for ARC research groups to present research findings and future plans and for Industrial Members to find out about ARC funded projects and provide feedback. Featured projects have been allocated presentation time as described in the programme and should include at least 5 minutes for questions. Presenters are asked to keep to time and presentations should demonstrate the relevance of the work to animal health and the livestock industry. Posters: Research groups funded through ARC have been offered the opportunity to provide posters of work which is of relevance to the Industry Members of the Club. This will provide an opportunity to have informal discussions about current progress during networking activities and provide additional project information of relevance to ARC. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2015,2016 |
| Description | TW Oxford Interdisciplinary Bioscience Networking Event |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Oxford Interdisciplinary Bioscience Networking Event |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2015 |
| Description | Taiwan -UK Partnering Award: Surveillance of influenza viruses |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Attended the International Flu Virus Symposium for Celebrating IPM 47th Anniversary" in Tri-Service General Hospital in Taipei, Taiwan. Tri-Service General Hospital address: No. 325, Sec. 2, Chenggong Rd., Neihu Dist., Taipei City 114, Taiwan (R.O.C.) Invited speaker for medical staff and research scientists. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.cdc.gov.tw/rwd/english |
| Description | Talk as part of the University of Veterinary Medicine (Vienna) doctoral school "Infectious Diseases of Pig and Poultry" |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Talked about the Pirbright Institute's work on African swine fever virus to researches in Veterinary Medicine (Virology and Immunology) in Vienna. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Talk at Avian viruses focussed meeting - Sept 2018 HM |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Presentation of data as an offered paper at the Molecular biology and pathogenesis of avian viruses meeting in Oxford, September 2018. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Talk at Microbiology Society 2021 online conference; Dr. Fatoumatta Jobe |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Workshop talk entitled: RSV modulation of the innate immune response: rerouting signalling components to block transcriptional activation |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Talk at Microbiology Society special symposium on SARS-CoV-2 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Presented our research data on the host-range of SARS-COV-2 and its potential origins to other virologists based in the UK and overseas, as part of a special symposium on the virus organised by the Microbiology Society. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| Description | Talk at Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Services University |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Undergraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Participated in an online webinar organised by the Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Services University in Chennai India as part of their Transboundary Animal Diseases - Emerging Threats to India seminar series. I talked to around 60 participants about African swine fever and African swine fever vaccine research. There were questions on vaccine development and also control of African swine fever in India. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| Description | Talk on Asfarvaridae at Virologie Fondamentale MSc course |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Talk on African swine fever virus family at the fundamental virology course at the Institut Pasteur |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Talk on Asfarvaridae at Virologie Fondamentale MSc course at Institute Pasteur |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Presented African swine fever virus to the Virologie Fondamentale MSc course at Institute Pasteur. This was the first time African swine fever had been included in the curriculum for this course. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Talk on Covid-19 to University of 3rd age |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Talk on Covid origins to University of the 3rd age, discussing theories, background to coronavirus emergence |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Talk to clinicians at Hospital for Tropical Diseases |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Talk to clinicians at Hospital for Tropical Diseases, London, regardingcurrent and future methods for controlling mosquito-borne disease based on mosquito genetics |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| Description | Targeted Antigen Delivery Vaccines: Next Generation Vaccines for Poultry |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | A talk entitled "Targeted Antigen Delivery Vaccines: Next Generation Vaccines for Poultry" presented to the Executive Chair of the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council. The discussion aim was the advances approaches that can increases the strength and breath of vaccine immunity in animals and humans. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Teaching- lecturing, small group classroom teaching and laboratory practical teaching |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | I have been actively engaged with teaching activities at the University of Surrey, giving lectures, small group classes and laboratory practical classes to vet students and MSc students. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2015,2016,2017 |
| Description | Teentech |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | The annual Teentech student science event in Guildford aims to encourage teenagers to consider science subjects and science careers. Our stand had considerable interest from the schoolchildren who were very enthusiastic. The event stimulated an increased interest in science and research. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016,2019 |
| Description | Teentech Guildford - ND |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | Teentech is an event held for students from a range of local school who have an interest in science to experience the range of scientific activities that could be open to them for future careers. Students in small groups rotate around stands at the event to perform activities at each station, guided by scientists. The Pirbright stand was demonstrating the principle of genetic modification of mosquitos. The children were very interested in the exhibit and asked lots of questions. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013,2019 |
| Description | Telegraph article comments - DEc 2021 - |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Comments provide to Telegraph reporter Anne Gullard on outbreaks of H5N1 bird flu in poultry this season. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2021/12/09/bird-flu-six-pelicans-removed-royal-parks-precaution/ |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Television interview Ulaanbaatar |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | I was interviewed by UB television while on a collaborative visit to the State Central Veterinary Laboratory in Mongolia. I spoke about the collaboration between The Pirbright Institute and the SCVL, and how this benefits the Mongolian agricultural sector. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | The Hurst careers event - HJM |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | The Hurst school held a careers event for GCSE students to attend throughout the day. The Pirbright stand contained a variety of engagement activities to demonstrate the research we perform and to stimulate discussion. The students seemed interested in the activities and those more interested in a science career asked a variety of questions about the research and entry into scientific research as a career. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | The peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) Global Research and Expertise Network (GREN) meeting. Presented work on the future eradication of PPRV, 13-15.11.2019 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Study participants or study members |
| Results and Impact | The peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) Global Research and Expertise Network (GREN) meeting. Presented work on the future eradication of PPRV, 13-15.11.2019 |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://rr-asia.oie.int/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/200622_ppr-gren-2-nairobi-november-2019-final-com... |
| Description | The rise and fall of antigenic mutations: A path to the persistence of avian influenza viruses. The Pirbright Institute Research Update Seminar Series. 27th April 2021. |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | A seminar at the Pirbright Institute Research Update Seminar Series. 27th April 2021. The research outcomes were discussed detailing how the avian influenza viruses (H9 subtype) evolve under vaccine immune pressure to sustain their fitness in poultry. Described the evolutionary genetic markers that significantly change the virus antigenicity which ultimately reduce the effectiveness of poultry vaccines against avian influenza viruses affecting poultry and huamns. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | This Week In Virology Podcast 532: Morbillivirus had a little lamb |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press) |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Our research paper on morbillivirus host-range in Journal of Virology was highlighted for in-depth discussion on this episode of TWIV where they spent 30+ minutes talking about the work and its potential impact. This podcast is the number one podcast in virology and listened to across the globe. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | http://www.microbe.tv/twiv/twiv-532/ |
| Description | This week in Virology: 533: Recurring threads |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press) |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Following our paper being highlighted on the previous edition of TWIV I wrote a letter to further the discussion of this subject and clarify some technical points on The Pirbright Institute. This was read out as part of the podcast and discussed. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | http://www.microbe.tv/twiv/twiv-533/ |
| Description | Tillingbourne School bug hunt - ND |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | Primary school students were involved in an event to identify insects in the school grounds. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Tillingbourne School science event - ND |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | Tillingbourne School held a science event for year 3 students to explore different aspects of science including smell, acid & alkali, magnetism etc. Nicole was based at the microscopy station helping children to view samples under the microscope, explain what they were looking at and answer any questions to children asked. The children were highly engaged and interested in the exhibit. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018,2019 |
| Description | Tillingbourne Year 3 Science Day 2018 - EL |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | Stimulating increased interest in research |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Tillingbourne bug hunt. New Rd, Chilworth, Guildford GU4 8NB |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Stimulating increased interest in science and research. Good interest and engagement. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Time for rethink on farming poultry as experts warn bird flu has slipped 'through our fingers (Sky News) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press) |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Discussion with Sky New UK corresponded Tom Clarke (Science and technology editor @aTomClarke) on continued avian influenza viruses are becoming endemic in bird populations in Europe and North America with some areas seeing a 600% increase in infection over the past few months in September -November 2022. In the UK, every day now, two or three new premises have been testing positive for bird flu. If they do, their flocks are culled and over 50 million birds culled in Europe this year and a similar number in North America. There is a need for an improved disease control strategies against these viruses. just culling of infected and at risk will not reduce viruses prevalence and spread, because virus in circulating in wild birds. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| URL | https://news.sky.com/story/time-for-rethink-on-farming-poultry-as-experts-warn-bird-flu-has-slipped-... |
| Description | Tour of Pirbright Research facilities for CLA group |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | The CLA is the membership organisation for owners of land, property and businesses in rural England and Wales. The CLA came for a tour of the Jenner building facilities at The Pirbright Institute. I led a tour of our building for the group and described the work undertaken by the avian research programme here. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | U3A talk |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Presentation on influenza virus research at The Pirbright Institute for the local University of the Third Age group, approx. 50 people aged 65 years + all with an interest in science. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | https://cu3asandt.wordpress.com/2018/09/23/meeting-2nd-october/ |
| Description | UK-India bioinformatics workshop |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | On February 9 2018 Pirbright organised a "UK-India bioinformatics workshop" in order to foster ties between Indian and UK bioinformaticians working in the field of livestock and crop research. Paolo Ribeca gave a talk on "Bioinformatics and sequencing at Pirbright". |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | UKRI Festival of Tomorrow |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Talk and stand on viruses and engineering mosquitoes |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| URL | https://www.ukri.org/news/showcasing-incredible-discoveries-at-swindon-festival-of-tomorrow/ |
| Description | Understanding Evolution and Impacts of Avian Influenza Viruses |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Internal seminar presented at The Pirbright Institute, sharing the achievements and current ongoing research being performed within the Avian Influenza Virus and Newcastle Disease Virus Group to other colleagues throughout the site. Poultry production continues to face several challenges caused by avian influenza, including: (1) virus evolution & antigenic diversity, (2) emergence of new virus variants, (3) co-circulation of multiple variants of same pathogen, (4) mixed infection of different viruses (immunosuppression), (5) maternally derived antibody interference, and (6) poor quality vaccines and sub-optimal vaccination practices. From these challenges, the topic of discussion and research drives optimal vaccination strategies to improve: (1) potency: a single dose to induce faster, stronger and durable immunity against multiple pathogens, (2) effectiveness: protect from clinical disease, reduced shedding and transmission, (3) affordability: cheap to produce and easy to deliver, (4) safety: no adverse impact to host or environment, (5) stability: retain efficacy for at least 1 year at indicated temperature, (6) DIVA: to allow differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals. Implementing new emerging vaccine approaches can: (1) enhance the efficacy, duration, and breadth of immunity, (2) reduce production losses, (3) improve cost-effectiveness, (4) improve productivity and economy, (5) improve animal welfare, and (6) reduce prevalence of viruses and protect public health (reduced virus prevalence = reduced zoonosis). |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Understanding Evolution and Persistence of Avian Influenza Viruses in Poultry |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Presented a talk at the LASA 60th Anniversary Conference, the Hinxton Hall Conference Centre, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK, sharing the research goals and achievements performed at the Pirbright Institute. Poultry production continues to face several challenges caused by avian influenza, including: (1) virus evolution & antigenic diversity, (2) emergence of new virus variants, (3) co-circulation of multiple variants of same pathogen, (4) mixed infection of different viruses (immunosuppression), (5) maternally derived antibody interference, and (6) poor quality vaccines and sub-optimal vaccination practices. From these challenges, the topic of discussion and research drives optimal vaccination strategies to improve: (1) potency: a single dose to induce faster, stronger and durable immunity against multiple pathogens, (2) effectiveness: protect from clinical disease, reduced shedding and transmission, (3) affordability: cheap to produce and easy to deliver, (4) safety: no adverse impact to host or environment, (5) stability: retain efficacy for at least 1 year at indicated temperature, (6) DIVA: to allow differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals. Implementing new emerging vaccine approaches can: (1) enhance the efficacy, duration, and breadth of immunity, (2) reduce production losses, (3) improve cost-effectiveness, (4) improve productivity and economy, (5) improve animal welfare, and (6) reduce prevalence of viruses and protect public health (reduced virus prevalence = reduced zoonosis). |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | University of Surrey School of Veterinary Medicine Open Day- Dec 2019 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | engaged with parents and 6th form students about a career as a Veterinarian and specifically a career in Veterinary Research |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | University of Surrey School of Veterinary Medicine Open Day- Jul 2019 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | engaged with parents and 6th form students about a career as a Veterinarian and specifically a career in Veterinary Research |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | V Nair invited to talk on 'Cell type- and disease stage-specific interactions of Marek's disease virus & the host' at the International Symposium on Marek's disease and avain herpesiviruses at Yangzhou, China during 29th July to 2nd Aug 2018 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Most recent updates in the field of avian herpesvirus research was discussed and active engagements for future collaborations discussed |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | VN International Webinar on Genomics & Gene Technology at Kerala University |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | VN International Webinar on Genomics & Gene Technology at Kerala University |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Vet Times Interview on SARS-CoV-2 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A magazine, newsletter or online publication |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Q&A by email for story on SARS-CoV-2 adaptation to human ACE2, later published online and print version of Vet Times |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | https://www.vettimes.co.uk/news/study-finds-how-sars-cov-2-may-have-adapted-to-humans/ |
| Description | Veterinary Times article on morbillivirus vaccines. |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | I was interviewed by a journalist from The Veterinary Times about our recent Journal of Virology research paper on morbillivirus host-range. This was then written up for the next edition of this publication. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.vettimes.co.uk/news/scientists-multi-purpose-ppr-vaccine-closer-to-completion/ |
| Description | WACCBIP Ghana (TT) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana. Workshops on cell biology of pathogens and career development. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018,2019 |
| Description | Webinar and roundtable on Troubleshooting Techniques for Full Genome Sequencing of African Swine Fever |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Webinar and roundtable on Troubleshooting Techniques for Full Genome Sequencing of African Swine Fever. Discussion on state of the ASFV full genome sequencing and future directions. Attended as part of the roundtable and answered questions from audience. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Why vaccines matter in the fight against zoonotic diseases |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A magazine, newsletter or online publication |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | A news story was published to increase the awareness of Zoonotic diseases and their impact on public health, food security, the economy and the environment. This was publicised at The Pirbright Institute webpage and One Health Poultry Health webpage and distributed wildly on social media including Facebook, Twitter, In Share. On World Zoonoses Day, Pirbright's Professor Munir Iqbal and Dr Joshua Sealy consider 600 years of developing technology to fight infectious diseases: The history of human and animal immunisation against infectious disease begins with the Chinese practice of variolation in the fifteenth century. Here, infectious material was taken from one patient and inoculated into a non-infected patient to initiate a mild but protective infection. Roughly 200 years later, Edward Jenner transformed the field of immunology by developing the world's first vaccine which involved immunising patients against smallpox using the closely related cowpox. Fast-forward another 200 years and the application of vaccines had transformed. On 6 July 1885, now celebrated as World Zoonoses Day, Louis Pasteur successfully administered the first vaccine against rabies - and within decades myriad other diseases had also been tackled effectively, including diphtheria, tetanus, anthrax, cholera, plague, typhoid, tuberculosis, measles, mumps, rubella, and polio. Many of these pathogens had been infecting humans for years, and continue to do so where vaccines are not deployed. Now, in the 21st century, vaccine research is undergoing another seismic shift. In 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19), emerged in humans which is believed to have originated in animals (known as zoonoses). It has since developed into the devastating COVID-19 pandemic and in doing so it triggered an urgent need to develop vaccines to control a virus that represents a growing problem at the human-animal interface. Pathogen evolution: Broadly speaking, humans have a naïve immune system to the many pathogens that exclusively circulate within animal reservoirs, including livestock. Most pathogens have evolved to infect specific animal species, which means that a significant barrier exists that prevents animal pathogens from causing disease in humans. However, a portion of these pathogens, including influenza viruses and coronaviruses, have the capacity to evolve such that they can overcome these barriers and be successful, especially as there is no prior immunity in the human population. This extraordinary ability to evolve also means that these pathogens have the potential to overcome vaccines. The application of vaccines and vaccine technology must progress to meet the challenge of zoonotic viruses. Vaccine variety: An impressive diversity of vaccine technologies is currently employed or in development to combat pathogens circulating in humans and animals. A vaccine needs to be effective at eliminating or reducing disease, but the diversity of pathogens means vaccines sometimes need to be equally diverse and must cater to specific challenges. Traditional inactivated pathogen vaccines are generated by 'killing' a pathogen so that it can be safely administered for immunisation. Subunit vaccines are vaccines that comprise only a fragment of the target pathogen which can be administered to generate an immune response exclusively to that fragment. Both technologies elicit protective antibody responses and have been successful for an exceptionally long time against a variety of pathogens. However, an antibody response does not provide sufficient protection against all pathogens that continually change their shapes to evade vaccines. Live attenuated vaccines typically use infectious pathogens that are modified to prevent them from causing disease but can still trigger an immune response similar to their naturally occurring counterparts. These vaccines are useful because as well as an antibody response, they can induce a cellular immune response, which targets conserved parts of the pathogens that remain the same across different strains. This means live attenuated vaccines are more effective at protecting against mutations that could allow the pathogen to escape vaccine immunity and they provide better protection against multiple pathogen strains. New vaccine technology: Viral vector vaccines are vaccines that comprise the 'backbone' of a virus that doesn't cause disease in the host animal, which expresses a piece of the target pathogen that induces an immune response. Most licensed viral vector vaccines are in use in animals, with only a single vectored vaccine (against the Ebola virus) being licensed for humans prior to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Viral vector vaccines evoke a strong immune response that is specific to the pathogen, making it effective and long-lasting. DNA/RNA vaccines contain genetic material that codes for a piece of a pathogen, which the host cells process to elicit an immune response. Several mRNA vaccines are in use against SARS-CoV-2 and they are cost-effective, safe, and produced using chemicals synthetically and not from cell culture systems. As such, we now have the capacity to carefully select the target of our vaccines and the nature of the desired immune response. The importance of vaccines was brought into focus once again with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic - and, going forward, the need for our growing arsenal of vaccines will only increase with the needs of humanity. Nutrition: As the human population increases so do its need for nutrition. A major source of human nutrition is animal-derived; thus, the population of farmed animals increases. Wild habitats are encroached upon to provide for the increasing population of farmed animals, and this facilitates interaction between farmed and wild animals. Consequently, we develop a tractable route for zoonotic diseases to enter the human population. Finally, the need for human nutrition is also met through the acquisition of wild animals. There is evidence to suggest that the West African Ebola virus epidemic was preceded by the capture of wild animals for human consumption. Likewise, SARS-CoV-2 is believed to have originated in wild animals. Zoonotic diseases clearly have far-reaching impacts. Humans and animals directly suffer pathogen-related sickness and death, and global economies incur significant losses. The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is a clear example of this - while avian influenza and several other emerging and re-emerging viruses carrying zoonotic infection potential circulating in farmed and wild birds are a constant reminder that the next pandemic could be around the corner. Written by Professor Munir Iqbal and Dr Joshua Sealy, members of the Avian Influenza Virus group at Pirbright. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | https://www.pirbright.ac.uk/news/2021/07/why-vaccines-matter-fight-against-zoonotic-diseases |
| Description | Why wet markets will never close - despite the global threat to human health (The Telegraph) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | This discussion was due to current enormous global spread of bird flu and widespread poultry outbreak has generated unprecedented opportunities for the virus to jump to humans and potentially even mutate to better spread between people. Since the Live bird markets have been identified as key factors in the spread, persistence and evolution of avian influenza viruses,. Therefore, there is an increased risk to public at the live birds markets and how these risks can be reduced to increase food safety, security and public health. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| URL | https://www.telegraph.co.uk/global-health/science-and-disease/why-wet-markets-will-never-close-despi... |
| Description | Winston Churchill Careers Fair. Winston Churchill School, Hermitage Road, St Johns, Woking, Surrey, GU21 8TL |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | AS attended and presented at this event to stimulate increased interest in science and research. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Winston Churchill School Career Event - ND |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | A careers event at a local school for yeat 7 to 11 students about Pirbright, what we do, the kinds of careers they can get into and routes to those careers. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Winston Churchill School careers event - PP |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | Students visited a stand run by The Pirbright Institute to learn about careers in science and the work we do at Pirbright, including a microscope demonstration. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Wired interview |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Media interview regarding use of gene drive systems in mosquitoes |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.wired.co.uk/article/genetically-modified-mosquitoes-gene-drive |
| Description | World One Health Congress |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Online presentation at World One Health Congress conference on morbillivirus inter-species transmission |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| URL | https://worldonehealthcongress.org/ |
| Description | World Zoonosis Day 2018 - web story |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A magazine, newsletter or online publication |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Contributed to an article from our institute on World Zoonosis Day highlighting the importance of research in this area. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | https://www.pirbright.ac.uk/news/2018/07/pirbright-scientists-are-developing-vaccine-candidates-anim... |
| Description | YS Winston Churchill School Careers event |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | Careers Fair at large secondary school, comprehensive with 1500 pupils. Stand set up which generated lots of discussion and interest from the students. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | a talk at the Recently Independent Virology Investigators meeting |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | I gave a talks outlining my current research and future plans. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2015,2016,2017 |
| Description | email interview with journalist (Sukanya Charuchandra, The Wire) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Email interview for journalist for "The Wire" - an online technology-focused media outlet. Helped provide context and impact for the resulting piece. https://thewire.in/the-sciences/scientists-identify-protein-that-mosquitoes-need-to-lay-viable-eggs |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://thewire.in/the-sciences/scientists-identify-protein-that-mosquitoes-need-to-lay-viable-eggs |
| Description | organised workshops at Microbiology Society annual conferences 2014 - 2018 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | I co-organised virology division workshops on viral evolution and diversity and RNA viruses with colleagues from the virology division. The workshops were held at the annual Microbiology Society conferences in spring each year. Organisation involved selecting abstracts for oral or poster presentation, ordering the presentations and chairing the sessions. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2015,2016,2017,2018 |