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Epigenetic regulation of plant reproductive development

Lead Research Organisation: John Innes Centre
Department Name: UNLISTED

Abstract

Abstracts are not currently available in GtR for all funded research. This is normally because the abstract was not required at the time of proposal submission, but may be because it included sensitive information such as personal details.

Technical Summary

Employing a combination of molecular, genetic, imaging, epigenetic and genomic approaches, we aim to dissect the mechanisms by which epigenetic factors shape the function and fate determination of the male sexual lineage. Revealing novel genetic and epigenetic regulators and their crosstalk is essential for our knowledge of sexual reproduction, and, at a more fundamental level, important for understanding how the development of a specific lineage of cells is tightly controlled in the context of a plastic environment of plant development.

Planned Impact

unavailable

Publications

10 25 50
 
Description 1. We found CG methylation is robustly maintained in the sperm and vegetative cells allowing methylation patterns to be accurately inherited across generations, and RdDM activity extends into heterochromatin in vegetative cells. 2. We reported the methylomes of Arabidopsis and rice central cells, and rice egg cell. We found active DNA demethylation in the central cell is the origin ofmaternal chromosome hypomethylation in the endosperm. 3. We find a sperm-specific histone variant H2B.8, responsible for sperm condensation in angiosperms. We further revealed that H2B.8 condense the sperm chromatin and nucleus via a phase separation mechanism.
Exploitation Route Our findings contribute to further understanding of intergenerational epigenetic inheritance. The reported egg and central cell methylomes can be used by other researchers to identify imprinted genes and understand their imprinting mechanisms, both potentially useful for seed improvement.
Sectors Agriculture

Food and Drink

Education

 
Description BBSRC DTP Studentship
Amount £90,000 (GBP)
Organisation Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 09/2016 
End 09/2020
 
Description EMBO Young Investigator
Amount € 15,000 (EUR)
Organisation European Molecular Biology Organisation 
Sector Charity/Non Profit
Country Germany
Start 01/2019 
End 12/2022
 
Description European Research Council Starting Grant
Amount € 1,500,000 (EUR)
Organisation European Research Council (ERC) 
Sector Public
Country Belgium
Start 08/2018 
End 08/2023
 
Description Gatsby Grant to Exceptional Researchers
Amount £35,000 (GBP)
Organisation Gatsby Charitable Foundation 
Sector Charity/Non Profit
Country United Kingdom
Start 07/2018 
End 04/2019
 
Description Gatsby PhD Studentship
Amount £107,494 (GBP)
Organisation Gatsby Charitable Foundation 
Sector Charity/Non Profit
Country United Kingdom
Start 09/2015 
End 09/2019
 
Description JIC / CAS (Centre of Excellence in Plant and Microbial Science - CEPAMS)
Amount £99,679 (GBP)
Organisation Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 08/2015 
End 08/2017
 
Description John Innes Foundation PhD Studentship
Amount £105,206 (GBP)
Organisation John Innes Centre 
Sector Academic/University
Country United Kingdom
Start 08/2015 
End 08/2018
 
Title Bisulfite and RNA sequencing library preparation using small number of plant cells 
Description We and our collaborators at University of Hamburg have modified the published animal single-cell bisulfite and RNA sequencing libary preparation protocols to prepare bisulfite and RNA sequencing libraries from as low as 20 Arabidopsis cells 
Type Of Material Technology assay or reagent 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact Allow the obtainment of methylome and transcriptome from rare cells 
 
Title Isolation of plant cells via FACS 
Description We have developed robust method for protoplasting in Arabidopsis and isolating protoplasts via FACS 
Type Of Material Technology assay or reagent 
Year Produced 2016 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact Allows researchers to obtain cells of a specific cell/tissue type, in order to understand their transcriptome, genome or epigenome. 
 
Description Egg and central cell methylomes 
Organisation Seoul National University
Department Department of Biological Sciences
Country Korea, Republic of 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution I designed the experiment together with my collaborators, and I and my team did all the genome analysis.
Collaborator Contribution UC Berkeley and Seoul National University isolated the egg and central cells from Arabidopsis, UC Berkeley and Tokyo Metropolitan University isolated these from rice, Hamburg University performed bisulfite sequencing library preparation
Impact Park et al. 2016 PNAS 113(52):15138-15143
Start Year 2012
 
Description Egg and central cell methylomes 
Organisation Tokyo Metropolitan University
Country Japan 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution I designed the experiment together with my collaborators, and I and my team did all the genome analysis.
Collaborator Contribution UC Berkeley and Seoul National University isolated the egg and central cells from Arabidopsis, UC Berkeley and Tokyo Metropolitan University isolated these from rice, Hamburg University performed bisulfite sequencing library preparation
Impact Park et al. 2016 PNAS 113(52):15138-15143
Start Year 2012
 
Description Egg and central cell methylomes 
Organisation University of California, Berkeley
Department Department of Plant and Microbial Biology
Country United States 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution I designed the experiment together with my collaborators, and I and my team did all the genome analysis.
Collaborator Contribution UC Berkeley and Seoul National University isolated the egg and central cells from Arabidopsis, UC Berkeley and Tokyo Metropolitan University isolated these from rice, Hamburg University performed bisulfite sequencing library preparation
Impact Park et al. 2016 PNAS 113(52):15138-15143
Start Year 2012
 
Description Egg and central cell methylomes 
Organisation University of Hamburg
Country Germany 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution I designed the experiment together with my collaborators, and I and my team did all the genome analysis.
Collaborator Contribution UC Berkeley and Seoul National University isolated the egg and central cells from Arabidopsis, UC Berkeley and Tokyo Metropolitan University isolated these from rice, Hamburg University performed bisulfite sequencing library preparation
Impact Park et al. 2016 PNAS 113(52):15138-15143
Start Year 2012
 
Description JIC-CAS CEPAMS grant 
Organisation Chinese Academy of Sciences
Department Institute of Genetics & Developmental Biology
Country China 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution I came up with the idea and hypothesis, and designed the experimental strategy. Upon receiving the funding, I employed a postdoc who is performing the major epigenetics and biochemistry work for this joint project.
Collaborator Contribution My partners in the Chinese Academy of Science bring the mass spectrometry expertise that is required for the joint project.
Impact N/A
Start Year 2015
 
Description Meiosis-specific TFIID in promoting recombination 
Organisation University of Cambridge
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution We found a TFIID component is meiocyte specifically expressed, and performed meiocyte extraction and RNA-seq with wildtype and mutants.
Collaborator Contribution Identification of the allele and recombination phenotyping
Impact This has led to a publication in Current Biology in 2019. Meiotic crossover frequency varies within genomes, which influences genetic diversity and adaptation. In turn, genetic variation within populations can act to modify crossover frequency in cis and trans. To identify genetic variation that controls meiotic crossover frequency we screened Arabidopsis accessions using fluorescent recombination reporters. We mapped a genetic modifier of crossover frequency in Col×Bur populations of Arabidopsis to a premature stop codon within TBP-ASSOCIATED FACTOR 4b (TAF4b), which encodes a subunit of the RNA polymerase II general transcription factor TFIID. The Arabidopsis taf4b mutation is a rare variant found in the British Isles, originating in South-West Ireland. Using genetics, genomics and immunocytology we demonstrate a genome-wide decrease in taf4b crossovers, with strongest reduction in the sub-telomeric regions. Using RNA-seq from purified meiocytes, we show that TAF4b expression is meiocyte-enriched, whereas its paralog TAF4 is broadly expressed. Consistent with the role of TFIID in promoting gene expression, RNA-seq of wild type and taf4b meiocytes identified widespread transcriptional changes, including in genes that regulate the meiotic cell cycle and recombination. Therefore, TAF4b duplication is associated with acquisition of meiocyte-specific expression and promotion of germline transcription, which acts directly or indirectly to elevate crossovers. This identifies a novel mode of meiotic recombination control via a general transcription factor.
Start Year 2017
 
Description Methylomes of megaspore mother cells 
Organisation National Laboratory of Genomics for Biodiversity
Country Mexico 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution We designed the experiemnts together with our collaborator, prepared and sequenced the libraries, and analysed the data.
Collaborator Contribution They isolated the megaspore mother cells from wild type Arabidopsis and mutants
Impact A publication by mid 2018
Start Year 2015
 
Description Robust maintenance of CG methylation in pollen 
Organisation University of California, Berkeley
Department Department of Plant and Microbial Biology
Country United States 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution We designed and performed the experiments, and analysed data.
Collaborator Contribution UC Berkeley contributed to data analysis.
Impact Hsieh et al. 2016 PNAS 113(52):15132-15137
Start Year 2015
 
Description ASM poster 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact PhD student Billy Aldridge presented a poster on the JIC annual science meeting, which sparked lots of interest and discussion. He won the runner-up award, and an opportunity for presenting his research orally during the annual science meeting next year (2018)
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2017
 
Description Interview about career pathways in science 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact In an interview filmed by the Communications Team at JIC, I talked about my career path and experiences, mainly targetting young people interested in science. The video was released on the International Women's Day in 2022, on JIC website (and Twitter) and YouTube.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://www.jic.ac.uk/blog/career-pathways-in-science/
 
Description Science Innovation Showcase 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact An event showcasing John Innes Centre science to industry, aiming to develop and promote new relationships between scientists and industry, breaking down any barriers and enabling productive collaborations.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
URL https://www.jic.ac.uk/news-and-events/whats-on/science-innovation-showcase/