Realising the potential of cryogenic magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance
Lead Research Organisation:
University of Southampton
Department Name: Sch of Chemistry
Abstract
Progress in the development of new medicines and materials requires knowledge of molecular structures, i.e. the precise arrangment of atoms within molecules. For example, if one knows the precise shape of a malfunctioning protein molecule, one can try to design other molecules which bind to it, so as to prevent it from doing too much damage. Scientists only have a few methods available for finding out about the structures of large molecules like proteins. The most successful method is X-ray crystallography. However, this powerful method requires crystals, which are difficult to produce for many very important biomolecules, especially the type of receptor proteins which sit inside cell membranes ( membrane proteins ).Another promising method is called solid-state NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance), which uses the fact that many of the nuclei at the centres of hydrogen, carbon and nitrogen atoms are weakly magnetic, and behave as small bar magnets. In NMR, radiowaves are used together with a strong magnetic field to probe the interactions between these magnets, allowing one to build up a picture of the molecular structure. Solid-state NMR has been used to obtain structural information from large biomolecules such as membrane proteins, without the need to form crystals. Unfortunately, the NMR signals are very weak. Rather large amounts of sample are often required. This greatly limits the application of this method, since many of the most interesting and important molecules are only available in very small quantities. In the current project we have designed and constructed equipment to perform solid-state NMR at very low temperatures, approaching the boiling point of liquid Helium (4.2 Kelvin, or -269 degrees C). The NMR signal is much stronger at these temperatures. This will allow biologists and chemists to obtain the vital molecular structural information using at least 10 times less sample than was possible before. The project is technically demanding because one must not only keep the sample very cold, but also rotate it very rapidly at a certain angle to the applied magnetic field (this is called magic-angle-spinning, or MAS). This rapid sample rotation is necessary to obtain the most informative NMR signals. Cryogenic magic-angle-spinning NMR is a major technical challenge, and our project combines leading expertise in sample spinning, electronics and cryogenics, in order to overcome these difficulties. In the translation grant we will develop the equipment further so as to allow the samples to be exchanged rapidly and conveniently. We will also invite external users to run their samples on our equipment, in order to develop and strengthen scientific collaborations both within the UK and internationally. We will perform experiments on two different sets of biomolecules produced in Southampton and Leeds, in order to elucidate their molecular structure and functional mechanism. We will also study conducting materials of great technological importance, such as organic conductors, semiconductors and superconductors. The cryoMAS-NMR experiments will allow visualization of the electronic conduction properties with sub-molecular resolution. This will greatly assist the development of new materials with applications in computing, communications, solar energy, and fuel cells.
Organisations
- University of Southampton (Lead Research Organisation)
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL) (Collaboration)
- University of Copenhagen (Collaboration)
- École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS Lyon) (Collaboration)
- University of Pennsylvania (Collaboration)
- Cambridge Cancer Centre (Collaboration)
Publications
Sarkar R
(2011)
An NMR thermometer for cryogenic magic-angle spinning NMR: the spin-lattice relaxation of (127)I in cesium iodide.
in Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)
Rahman M
(2017)
Characterisation of the DAACS Family Escherichia coli Glutamate/Aspartate-Proton Symporter GltP Using Computational, Chemical, Biochemical and Biophysical Methods.
in The Journal of membrane biology
Patching SG
(2013)
Probing the contacts of a low-affinity substrate with a membrane-embedded transport protein using 1H-13C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning solid-state NMR.
in Molecular membrane biology
Patching SG
(2012)
Interactions of the intact FsrC membrane histidine kinase with its pheromone ligand GBAP revealed through synchrotron radiation circular dichroism.
in Biochimica et biophysica acta
Patching SG
(2011)
NMR structures of polytopic integral membrane proteins.
in Molecular membrane biology
Patching S
(2010)
Efficient syntheses of 13 C- and 14 C-labelled 5-benzyl and 5-indolylmethyl L -hydantoins
in Journal of Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals
McLean N
(2011)
Syntheses of 13C2-labelled 11Z-retinals
in Tetrahedron
Mamone S
(2009)
Rotor in a cage: Infrared spectroscopy of an endohedral hydrogen-fullerene complex.
in The Journal of chemical physics
Mamone S
(2011)
Theory and spectroscopy of an incarcerated quantum rotor: The infrared spectroscopy, inelastic neutron scattering and nuclear magnetic resonance of H2@C60 at cryogenic temperature
in Coordination Chemistry Reviews
Mamone S
(2010)
Orientational Sampling Schemes Based on Four Dimensional Polytopes
in Symmetry
Description | Cryogenic magic-angle-spinning NMR equipment was optimized and stabilized. The technology was applied to the study of molecular rotor systems. |
Exploitation Route | academic; exploitation of patents for the cryogenic magic-angle-spinning technology |
Sectors | Chemicals Energy Healthcare Pharmaceuticals and Medical Biotechnology |
Description | EPSRC |
Amount | £605,877 (GBP) |
Funding ID | EP/I029451/1 |
Organisation | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) |
Sector | Public |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 09/2011 |
End | 09/2014 |
Description | EPSRC Platform Grant |
Amount | £1,784,689 (GBP) |
Funding ID | EP/P009980/1 |
Organisation | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) |
Sector | Public |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 03/2017 |
End | 02/2022 |
Description | Endofullerenes |
Amount | £605,877 (GBP) |
Funding ID | EP/I029451/1 |
Organisation | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) |
Sector | Public |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 09/2011 |
End | 09/2014 |
Description | European Research Council |
Amount | £2,415,690 (GBP) |
Funding ID | 291044 - HYPERSINGLET |
Organisation | European Research Council (ERC) |
Sector | Public |
Country | Belgium |
Start | 02/2012 |
End | 03/2016 |
Description | Hyperpolarization collaboration |
Organisation | Cambridge Cancer Centre |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | NMR techniques, materials, theory, simulations |
Collaborator Contribution | MRI techniques, materials, methodology |
Impact | Too complex to report here. |
Start Year | 2010 |
Description | Hyperpolarization collaboration |
Organisation | Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL) |
Country | Switzerland |
Sector | Public |
PI Contribution | NMR techniques, materials, theory, simulations |
Collaborator Contribution | MRI techniques, materials, methodology |
Impact | Too complex to report here. |
Start Year | 2010 |
Description | Hyperpolarization collaboration |
Organisation | University of Copenhagen |
Country | Denmark |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | NMR techniques, materials, theory, simulations |
Collaborator Contribution | MRI techniques, materials, methodology |
Impact | Too complex to report here. |
Start Year | 2010 |
Description | Hyperpolarization collaboration |
Organisation | University of Pennsylvania |
Country | United States |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | NMR techniques, materials, theory, simulations |
Collaborator Contribution | MRI techniques, materials, methodology |
Impact | Too complex to report here. |
Start Year | 2010 |
Description | Hyperpolarization collaboration |
Organisation | École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS Lyon) |
Country | France |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | NMR techniques, materials, theory, simulations |
Collaborator Contribution | MRI techniques, materials, methodology |
Impact | Too complex to report here. |
Start Year | 2010 |