SANDPIT: Integrated Assessment of Geoengineering Proposals (IAGP)
Lead Research Organisation:
University of Leeds
Department Name: School of Earth and Environment
Abstract
There is international consensus that dangerous levels of climate change must be avoided. Yet without radical changes in the ways energy is sourced and used, analyses suggest that there is a very real risk that the Earth will start to experience unacceptably damaging and disruptive environmental change later this century. What future actions can be taken to safeguard environmental quality, ecosystems, agriculture, economy, and societies if the conventional approaches to tackling climate change, through mitigation and adaptation, prove insufficient? Could we take direct control of our planet's temperature in an emergency? Deliberately manipulating the Earth's climate is not a novel idea, however increasing awareness and concern about the potentially serious nature of a much warmer climate has led to recent debates regarding the ethics and feasibility of making a direct intervention in the Earth's climate and natural systems to counteract global warming and the other known impacts of increasing greenhouse gas concentrations.As this new research field, known as 'geoengineering', has gained in international profile, ideas for either removing CO2 from the atmosphere or directly altering the amount of sunlight absorbed at the surface have proliferated. Suggested means of removing CO2 span marine and terrestrial biospheres, from enhancing marine productivity by fertilizing the surface of the ocean with nutrients, to adding lime to neutralize the CO2 acidity. Direct cooling of the surface could potentially be done by injecting sulphate aerosols into the atmosphere or planting more reflective varieties of crops. However, despite the effort and scientific ingenuity being brought to bear in thinking up different geoengineering schemes, all remain un-quantified in their effectiveness, particularly at the regional scale. Some are unlikely ever to work as envisaged, and many contain the potential for undesirable climatic side-effects and risks to the environment and to society. Currently we have insufficient information to inform the debate we need to have on geoengineering. The Integrated Assessment of Geoengineering Proposals ('IAGP') is an interdisciplinary project which will begin to address this gap in our knowledge, paying particular attention to the potential for side-effects and unanticipated consequences of geoengineering schemes. The project will develop a comprehensive evaluation framework (involving stakeholders and publics), which will allow an in-depth comparison of all major geoengineering proposals. The project research tools will include state-of-the-art computer representations of the Earth system, accounting for ocean circulation, sea-ice, and greenhouse warming and atmospheric processes and dynamics, as well as the cycling of carbon and nutrients within the ocean. Important questions to be addressed include: whether different technologies can be combined to maximize mitigation benefits and minimize unwanted risks, how might geoengineering schemes be adequately controlled and 'turned off' quickly if needed, how to include the public's views in how benefits and side-effects are defined in order for policy-makers to take informed decisions. The project combines Earth system modelling and deliberative engagement with stakeholders and publics to ensure the evaluation is accountable to a variety of values and criteria and ensures that issues and society's values are centrally incorporated within the evaluation.The results of our analysis of the effectiveness and implications of different CO2 removal and direct cooling schemes will not only have direct policy relevance through informing decisions about our global environmental future, but will be carefully tailored to give wider audiences information in a sufficiently clear and meaningful way that the debates surrounding geoengineering can be progressed further within society.
Planned Impact
The beneficiaries Policymakers and the public are the main beneficiaries, but there are benefits for researchers, and for commercial groups developing technology in this area. How they will benefit Defining an integrated assessment framework, and quantifying metrics through first-rate climate modelling, will provide a vital step in appraising geoengineering proposals. Policymakers and the public will benefit by the provision of timely and informative policy-relevant science in the emerging field of geoengineering. Others will benefit from clear indications of the requirements expected of geoengineering schemes. Ensuring the benefit Integral to this project is stakeholder engagement. Measures to be taken to ensure that beneficiaries such as policymakers and public have access to our work include: I. Website - the principle tool for dissemination and contacts will be the website, providing focus for public knowledge exchange throughout the project and the principle vehicle for dissemination of key milestones. A stakeholder specific area of the website will be username/password controlled. II. Stakeholder engagement - two one-day workshops to help identify and select metrics for the assessment of geoengineering schemes, and a final deliberative assessment exercise with public and policy stakeholders. Biannual stakeholder e-newsletters will maintain contact and engagement. III. Public perception study - the engagement of the public in a study of attitudes towards geoengineering IV. Dissemination event - distribution of a final policy-orientated report at a one-day event. V. Publications - International peer-reviewed publications for the science and policy communities. We expect that, through the continuous engagement with stakeholders, benefits will become evident at an early stage. This is appropriate as public discussion of geoengineering is already current. However the principal results of the modelling and climate-control studies, as well as conclusions from the final deliberative workshops will become available from years 3 and 4 of the project. Managing Dissemination and Exploitation In addition to the engagement programme which is an integral part of the research (see above), we will establish an Advisory Panel to provide communication with science policy expertise in government and other bodies (DECC, CCC, Royal Society). This will ensure currency and knowledge exchange to help steer the project. We also aim to build on the network of expertise from the EPSRC/NERC Sandpit event, specifically via interaction with the SPICE project team. The stakeholder engagement will improve the relevance and therefore impact of the policy-relevant science, and the stakeholder network will provide a first point of dissemination of outputs. Public interactions either in-depth via focus groups/deliberative assessment or through the website, will enable the impact of the work conducted here to be informed by and disseminated to the public throughout the project. Within the project team, all members will be involved in impact activities, through participation, and expert advice. Frequent team meetings and a dedicated project coordinator will facilitate this focus on impact. Our relevant track record and experience is: Pidgeon, Ridgwell and Forster have significant relevant experience in public advice and engagement with policy makers in the area of environment, Darton with generating and applying metric sets. Vaughan will have support of the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research and the School of Environmental Sciences, to facilitate the skill acquisition necessary to conduct the stakeholder workshop activities. Website designer Delgado-Esteban has set up and maintained high-quality websites in related areas including: www.lwec.org.uk, www.tyndall.ac.uk, www.adamproject.eu and www.gear.uea.ac.uk.
Publications
Zelinka M
(2014)
Quantifying components of aerosol-cloud-radiation interactions in climate models
in Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
Vaughan NE
(2012)
Interactions between reducing CO2 emissions, CO2 removal and solar radiation management.
in Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences
Turnock S
(2015)
Modelled and observed changes in aerosols and surface solar radiation over Europe between 1960 and 2009
in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Taylor K
(2013)
Contributions of Different Cloud Types to Feedbacks and Rapid Adjustments in CMIP5*
in Journal of Climate
Szerszynski B
(2013)
Geoengineering Knowledge: Interdisciplinarity and the Shaping of Climate Engineering Research
in Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space
Stuart G
(2013)
Reduced efficacy of marine cloud brightening geoengineering due to in-plume aerosol coagulation: parameterization and global implications
in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Snape T
(2014)
Decline of Arctic sea ice: Evaluation and weighting of CMIP5 projections
in Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
Smith C
(2017)
Impacts of Stratospheric Sulfate Geoengineering on Global Solar Photovoltaic and Concentrating Solar Power Resource
in Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology
Smith C
(2014)
Global analysis of photovoltaic energy output enhanced by phase change material cooling
in Applied Energy
Sherwood S
(2015)
Adjustments in the Forcing-Feedback Framework for Understanding Climate Change
in Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
Description | Public and other stakeholder perceptions of geoengineering: facilitating responsible innovation: The public and other stakeholders should be consulted on geoengineering as early as possible, and their views embedded in decision-making processes about research and development. Knowledge and awareness about geoengineering is low. Public responses: Carbon dioxide removal approaches are usually favoured over solar geoengineering approaches. Geoengineering is much less popular than mitigation strategies such as energy efficiency measures or scaling up renewable technologies. The idea that geoengineering involves 'messing with nature' has been found to be a central theme in public discussion groups. Stakeholder responses: Many geoengineering technologies do not yet exist and some describe these as 'technological imaginaries'. However, even the concept of geoengineering provokes strong and often divided positions. Most stakeholders (including policymakers and representatives of environmental Non-Governmental Organisations) show a preference for mitigation alternatives to geoengineering, including low carbon living and offshore wind energy. Evaluating geoengineering as a potential response to climate change: what needs to be considered? IAGP have developed a framework for evaluating geoengineering proposals. Users of the framework are encouraged to: consider geoengineering within the broader context of mitigation and adaptation; consider and acknowledge the broader storyline e.g. is it intended to be carried out for profit or for the benefit of a single nation?; could the objective be achieved through mitigation alone?; communicate underlying assumptions; broaden the spectrum of criteria and how these are decided upon e.g. expanding the evaluation beyond 'technical' considerations; acknowledge that uncertainties are pervasive, quantifying and communicating them whenever possible; revisit and reflect on their evaluation as conditions, knowledge and attitudes change. Decision making for geoengineering: why will it be challenging? Agreeing on a target climate will be fundamental to decisions for geoengineering. Establishing this target for the climate will be problematic and would depend on mitigation and adaptation pathways. Aside from potential differences in international political agendas, it is unclear how the views of the public and other stakeholders would be incorporated. Financial constraints would restrict decisions on the operation of geoengineering. This could influence both the scale and time-scale of implementation and in turn the effects on the climate. Attributing changes in the climate to geoengineering would be challenging because of the natural variability of the climate system. This is particularly true for short periods of time or for small regions. This means that: disputes over potential side-effects would be hard to resolve, affecting issues of justice; justifying the continuation of possibly costly solar geoengineering would be difficult; solar geoengineering may be perceived as being high risk. Practicalities of geoengineering: could the devil be in the detail? IAGP research shows that: The early developmental stage of designs, along with instances of commercial confidentiality, currently limits the amount of technical information about potential geoengineering proposals in the public domain. The current lack of information impairs evaluations of geoengineering proposals, which must instead rely on informed estimates and computer models. In addition to the scientific and technological challenges, geoengineering raises many profound questions around social, moral, legal and economic issues. Any exploration or development of the engineering technologies will have to proceed responsibly and in parallel with these issues. IAGP global-scale climate simulations showed that: Global average changes hide the regional variations that would be important in practice; geoengineering may not be able to keep up with increasing climate change; geoengineering would have lasting effects. |
Exploitation Route | To take findings forward IAGP recommends: Public and other stakeholder perceptions of geoengineering: facilitating responsible innovation: Public and other stakeholder perspectives should continue to play a prominent role in researching geoengineering responsibly. Policymakers should consider that among both public and other stakeholder audiences, there is a strong preference for mitigation policies with geoengineering approaches being seen by most as a 'sticking plaster' rather than a solution. Extending and expanding public and other stakeholder engagement to communities including those in developing countries is critical. Evaluating geoengineering as a potential response to climate change: what needs to be considered? Geoengineering should be discussed and evaluated within the context of mitigation and adaptation measures. It should be understood that the 'carbon dioxide removal' and 'solar geoengineering' forms of geoengineering are distinct and offer very different potential benefits and challenges. The magnitude and time-scales of targets for mitigation should be recognised as important for determining whether geoengineering is considered necessary. Evaluations of geoengineering proposals should be reflexive and transparent, exploring diverse criteria, assumptions and perspectives, e.g. through public and other stakeholder engagement. Geoengineering research should be interdisciplinary. Decision making for geoengineering: why will it be challenging? The ability to accurately detect and attribute changes in the climate should be a prerequisite for implementing geoengineering. To facilitate more accurate detection and attribution of changes in the Earth's climate, there needs to be significant improvements to the coverage and quality of observations along with the co-ordinated development of computer simulations. To better appreciate the real-world complexities associated with geoengineering, decision-makers should have access to interactive simulators similar to the one used in the IAGP Arctic sea ice study. Practicalities of geoengineering: could the devil be in the detail? It is appreciated that with the current lack of technical information, evaluations of geoengineering proposals cannot be fully realistic. Future assessments of geoengineering should account for practicalities such as the need to locate and establish new supporting industries and the implications of changing demands on resources. Discussions of how geoengineering may alter the climate should move beyond global averages to incorporate the regional changes that will be more relevant to people and ecosystems. Climate modellers and engineers need to work together to improve computer simulations of geoengineering by better capturing practical details. |
Sectors | Construction Energy Environment Government Democracy and Justice Manufacturing including Industrial Biotechology Transport Other |
URL | http://www.iagp.ac.uk |
Description | Parkill, K and Pidgeon, N report of the SPICE deliberative workshops with members of the public, was one of the pieces of evidence used in the 'stagegate' process that the EPSRC used to decide whether the 'testbed' work package of the SPICE research programme should go ahead. The frameworks developed as part of IAGP have had an important influence on the wider global community and the way science is communicated. Firstly, IPCC assessment reports assessments were performed by Forster and Vaughan for IPCC AR5(2013), SR1.5 (2018) and AR6 (2019) as the objective a wider framing approach developed for IAGP was found useful. Similar frameworks were also adopted for UKRI calls on carbon capture technology that Vaughan helped design and lead. Vaughan also led the UK Climate Change Committee expert elicitation on carbon dioxide removal in 2019, using many of the framework ideas developed for IAGP. The graphics designed for outreach are continually requested by many journalistic and other sources, roughly monthly requests come to the University of Leeds. Forster helps teach on a Yale University climate policy course annually, based entirely on he IAGP findings of implications for policy. He has also be invited to biannual Gordon conferences in the U.S on solar radiation modification to frame the narratives (2019 and 2022). |
First Year Of Impact | 2012 |
Sector | Education,Environment,Government, Democracy and Justice |
Impact Types | Cultural Societal |
Description | IPCC report authorship and citations |
Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
Policy Influence Type | Citation in systematic reviews |
Impact | IPCC reports influence the UNFCCC climate negotiations and government policy on climate change worldwide |
URL | http://unfccc.int/meetings/lima_dec_2014/meeting/8141.php |
Description | Droughts and food security in Asia |
Amount | £50,000 (GBP) |
Organisation | Centre for Low Carbon Futures |
Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 02/2012 |
End | 03/2012 |
Description | EuTRACE - European Trans-disciplinary Assessment of Climate Engineering |
Amount | € 100,000 (EUR) |
Funding ID | 306395 |
Organisation | European Commission |
Sector | Public |
Country | European Union (EU) |
Start | 05/2012 |
End | 09/2014 |
Description | Geoengineering the oceans |
Amount | £32,565 (GBP) |
Organisation | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) |
Sector | Public |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 11/2011 |
End | 05/2012 |
Description | Leverhulme Trust new UK centre for innovative research - The Leverhulme Centre for Climate Change Mitigation |
Amount | £400,000 (GBP) |
Organisation | The Leverhulme Trust |
Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 01/2016 |
Description | Collaboration with Risk Perception & Social Response Research Group at the Centre for Nanotechnologies (CNS) in Society |
Organisation | University of California, Santa Barbara |
Country | United States |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | On-going collaboration between IAGP team at Cardiff University and Risk Perception & Social Response Research Group at the Centre for Nanotechnologies (CNS) in SocietyUniversity of Santa-Barbara, California. As a major centre for the study of emerging technologies, CNS at Santa Barbara provides an important link between IAGP and risk perception researchers studying nanotechnologies. A collaborative international survey of public attitudes to nano and geo is planned for 2013, using funding from CNS. |
Start Year | 2007 |
Description | Incorporating control theory into GeoMIP methodology |
Organisation | Stanford University |
Country | United States |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Collaboration between IAGP Lancaster team and Stanford University. To extend an appreciation of the control issues to a key US centre of engineering research, to gain access to NASA GISS ModelE simulator. |
Start Year | 2011 |
Description | To develop a new strand of ontological reflection within IAGP |
Organisation | Centre Alexandre Koyre |
Country | France |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Collaboration between IAGP critical reflection team at Lancaster University and the Centre Alexandre Koyre, Paris, France. To develop a new strand of ontological reflection on climate engineering that contributes to the internal critical reflection within IAGP. To write a paper on heterogeneity and ontological responsibility in climate engineering. |
Start Year | 2012 |
Description | 'Experiment Earth': Institute of Physics (Edinburgh), A Ridgwell |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | 'Experiment Earth': Institute of Physics (Edinburgh) |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2011 |
Description | 'Water in the Climate System', first Lorenz Center Workshop, MIT, USA, P Forster, Feb 2014 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.) |
Results and Impact | Sparked interesting Q&A Informed on the science; Increased interest in the subject. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
Description | A talk about climate change and climate engineering to 16-18 year school students from Charters School, Windsor, UK, N Vaughan. |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Schools |
Results and Impact | N Vaughan gave a talk about climate change and climate engineering to 16-18 year school students from Charters School, Windsor, UK. November 2013. Raising awareness of the issues and increase in interest in the subject. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
Description | Adam Corner presents paper at APT conference, Italy, September 2013 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Other audiences |
Results and Impact | Adam Corner presents paper 'Messing with nature: Exploring public perceptions of geoengineering'; at conference organised by Association for Political Theory, Italy. Conference tite: Multi-disciplinary Perspectives on Climate Ethics. Raised awareness and informed debate of issues |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
Description | Address to young leaders studying Geoengineering , on the Global Governance Futures course at Robert Bosch Foundation, Berlin, R Darton, June 2014 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | Sparked interesting Q&A on geoengineering Informed on the science and the related issues |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
Description | American Geophysical Union conference 2013, P Forster, December 2013 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Type Of Presentation | keynote/invited speaker |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Other audiences |
Results and Impact | Sparked interesting Q&A Informed on the science; increased interest in the topics. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
Description | Article in online magazine AEON, April 2013, A Corner |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A magazine, newsletter or online publication |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
Results and Impact | Article in online magazine AEON, April 2013, A Corner 'Blue sky thinking Geoengineers are would-be deities who dream of mastering the heavens. But are humans the ones who are out of control?' . Raised awareness of issues and informed debate |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
Description | Article in the Guardian by A Corner |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A magazine, newsletter or online publication |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
Results and Impact | Article in the Guardian by A Corner. Generated debate on Guardian website and social media. Stimulated debate on Guardian website and social media. Informed public of research findings. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
URL | http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/nov/17/geoengineering-co2-carbon-dioxide-earth-climate |
Description | COP18, UNFCCC, Doha, Qatar, November 2012, P Forster |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
Part Of Official Scheme? | Yes |
Type Of Presentation | keynote/invited speaker |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Other audiences |
Results and Impact | P Forster presented at COP18, UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, Doha, Qatar. Piers Forster presented and took part in discussion at COP18, UNFCCC in Doha, Qatar November 2012. Policy decision making |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
Description | Conference presentation at 'Climate Engineering Conference' in Berlin, N Pidgeon |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Type Of Presentation | keynote/invited speaker |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Other audiences |
Results and Impact | Led to interesting Q&A following presentation. Increased interest in issues; informed academic debate |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
Description | Convening session at Science in Public conference, Nottingham, July, 2013, A Corner and K Parkhill |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Type Of Presentation | workshop facilitator |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Other audiences |
Results and Impact | Convening a session ('Messing with Nature? Public perceptions of geoengineering & their implications for the greens vs science' debate' Chair: Corner; Participating: Parkhill) at the Science in Public conference, University of Nottingham, July 2013. Increase in requests for information |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
Description | DECC Cross-government Working Group on Geoengineering, Piers Forster, February 2012 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
Results and Impact | DECC Cross-government Working Group on Geoengineering February 2012. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
Description | Discover Bristol, March 2012, Sarah Jones, Bristol University |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Schools |
Results and Impact | IAGP Postdoctoral Researcher, Sarah Jones delivered demonstrations to school children at this public engagement event organised by Bristol University's Centre for Public Engagement. Requests for increased public engagement. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
Description | Evening Lecture to Stalham Farmers Club, Norfolk, Nem Vaughan (UEA)December 2011 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Local |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | N Vaughan presented on IAGP to monthly meeting of Stalham Farmers Club in Norfolk. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2011 |
Description | Festival of Nature, Bristol, June 2012, S Jones |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | Yes |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | Post-doctoral Researcher Sarah Jones ran an exhibit, trained and organised team of volunteers, engaged the general public with idea of ocean acidification, and ran experiments. BNHC Festival of Nature, Bristol. Annual exhibition. See: http://www.bnhc.org.uk/home/festival.html Public engagement. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
Description | Gave talk 'Messing with nature: Exploring public perceptions of geoengineering' at Cardiff University School of Psychology A Corner |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Local |
Primary Audience | Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.) |
Results and Impact | Sparked debate, increased understanding |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
Description | GeoMIP Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering Workshop, University of Exeter, P Forster, March 2012 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.) |
Results and Impact | Generated questions and discussion and furthered interest in the project's work Informed the academic debate |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
Description | Geoengineering Arctic sea ice: How it might work in practice; L Jackson talk at 4th GeoMIP workshop, Paris, Apr 2014 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Type Of Presentation | paper presentation |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Other audiences |
Results and Impact | Sparked interesting Q&A Increased requests for information around this new research inititative |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
Description | Geoengineering Café Conversation with colleagues from UEA at The Forum in Norwich, N Vaughan |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Local |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | N Vaughan led Geoengineering Café Conversation with colleagues from UEA at The Forum in Norwich with members of the public, March 2013. Raising awareness of the issues and increase in interest in the subject. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
Description | Geoengineering as an Emerging Technology: Deliberation and Anticipatory Research Governance, N Pidgeon |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Type Of Presentation | keynote/invited speaker |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Other audiences |
Results and Impact | Nick Pidgeon gave presention at Climate Geoengineering Governance Research Project Workshop, at the University of Oxford, 18-19 March 2013. Nick Pidgeon gave presentation titled Geoengineering as an Emerging Technology: Deliberation and Anticipatory Research Governance and anticipated in the first workshop held by Climate Geoengineering Governance Research Project at the University of Oxford. Increase in requests for information |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
Description | Guardian article November 2010 Adam Corner (Cardiff University) Geo-engineering: climate intervention is a dilemma for scientists |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A magazine, newsletter or online publication |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
Results and Impact | Guardian article November 2010 Adam Corner. Article title: Geo-engineering: climate intervention is a dilemma for scientists |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2010 |
URL | http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/cif-green/2010/nov/10/geo-engineering-science-research-dilemma |
Description | Guardian article, July 2013, Adam Corner |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A magazine, newsletter or online publication |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
Results and Impact | Corner, A. (2013). 'Messing with nature & green thought'. The Guardian. http://www.theguardian.com/science/political-science/2013/jul/29/messing-nature-geoengineering-green-thought. http://www.theguardian.com/science/political-science/2013/jul/29/messing-nature-geoengineering-green-thought Raising awareness; informing the debate |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
URL | http://www.theguardian.com/science/political-science/2013/jul/29/messing-nature-geoengineering-green... |
Description | Guest Lecture, UEA, May 2012, A Jarvis |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.) |
Results and Impact | Andrew Jarvis gave guest lecture on IAGP to UEA staff and students May 2012. Increase in requests for information. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
Description | Guest lecture and public debate on climate engineering at Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. N Vaughan |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.) |
Results and Impact | N Vaughan gave guest lecture on climate engineering and participated in public debate at Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain. November 2013. Increase in requests for information. Raised awareness. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
Description | IAGP presentation to European scoping workshop, Potsdam, Naomi Vaughan, May 2011 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Type Of Presentation | keynote/invited speaker |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Other audiences |
Results and Impact | IAGP presentation to European scoping workshop, held by Institute of Advanced Sustainability Institute, Potsdam, Germany, Naomi Vaughan, May 2011. Increase in requests for information. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2011 |
Description | IAGP research presentation at Earth System Engineering Conference, Newcastle University, N Vaughan. |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Type Of Presentation | keynote/invited speaker |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Other audiences |
Results and Impact | N Vaughan presented IAGP research output at conference: Earth Systems Engineering 2012: A technical symposium on systems engineering for sustainable adaptation to global change held at Newcastle University, July 2012. Increase in requests for information |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
Description | IAGP research presentation at Reading Meteorology department seminar series, N Vaughan |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.) |
Results and Impact | Presentation of latest IAGP research at Reading Meteorology department seminar series by N Vaughan, 16 Jan 2012. Increase in requests for information |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
Description | IAGP website |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Other audiences |
Results and Impact | IAGP website publishes all IAGP publications, other outputs and news stories. It reports the key findings of the project in a set of policy briefing notes. It provides information on the research programme carried out, and the research team involved. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016 |
URL | http://iagp.ac.uk/ |
Description | Interview to 'Carbon Brief' on 'Artificial Trees' paper, A Corner |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A magazine, newsletter or online publication |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
Results and Impact | Sparked further debate on and interest in the subject Paper featured on Carbon Brief: http://www.carbonbrief.org/blog/2014/05/it%E2%80%99s-a-bit-like-a-tree-how-comparing-geoengineering-to-the-natural-world-bolsters-support/ |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
Description | Keynote Address S.NET Conference, Arizona State University, Nick Pidgeon, November 2011 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Type Of Presentation | keynote/invited speaker |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Other audiences |
Results and Impact | Nick Pidgeon: Invited Keynote Address 'The Curious Case of SPICE: Deliberating Geoengineering as Anticipatory Research Governance?'. Society for Nano and Emerging Technologies (S.NET) Conference, Arizona State University. Third Annual Conference of the Society for the Study of Nanoscience and Emerging Technologies (S.NET) -- November 2011 Url: http://www.cns.ucsb.edu/SNet2011/ Improvement in others' understanding |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2011 |
Description | LEC Atmospheric Science seminar series, January 2012, D Leedal |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.) |
Results and Impact | David Leedal presented on IAGP modelling work to Lancaster Environment Centre Atmospheric Science seminar series, Lancaster University, January 2012. Increase in requests for information; furthered others' thinking. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
Description | Marine Cloud Brightening talk by A Jenkins at 4th GeoMIP workshop, Paris, April 2014 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Type Of Presentation | paper presentation |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Other audiences |
Results and Impact | Sparked interesting Q&A Increased requests for information |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
Description | Max-Planck-Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany. Part of KlimaCampus Colloquium. P Forster, Jan 2014 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Type Of Presentation | keynote/invited speaker |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
Results and Impact | Presentation of research to 'How geoengineering might work in practice' to KlimaCampus Colloquium. Informed on the science. Increased interest in the topic. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
Description | Natural and Anthropogenic influence on Precipitation and EXtreme events, (NAPEX) Research Council of Norway; University of Oslo. P Forster, Nov 2013 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.) |
Results and Impact | Sparked interesting Q&A Informed on the science; increased requests for further information. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
Description | New Scientist article October 2011 Adam Corner (Cardiff University) |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A magazine, newsletter or online publication |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
Results and Impact | New Scientist article October 2011 Adam Corner. "Article title: Would-be geoengineers must listen to the public" Furthered public understanding of the issues |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2011 |
URL | http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn21000-wouldbe-geoengineers-must-listen-to-the-public.html |
Description | Open University 'Politics of Geoengineering' workshop, A Corner, May 2013 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.) |
Results and Impact | Sparked interesting discussion Raised awareness of IAGP research findings |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
Description | Panel discussion at a New Energy Forum, London, N Vaughan |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | N Vaughan was panel member at an evening debate organised by the New Energy Forum in London. (An organisation that helps industry organisations to improve strategic thinking and decision making across the new energy landscape.) October 2013. Increase in requests for information |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
Description | Presentation at AGU Chapman Conference, June 2013, A Corner |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Type Of Presentation | keynote/invited speaker |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Other audiences |
Results and Impact | Presentation at AGU Chapman Conference on communicating climate science, 'A new conversation with conservatives about climate change: Value frames and narratives', June 2013, A Corner. 'A new conversation with conservatives about climate change: Value frames and narratives' |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
URL | http://chapman.agu.org/climatescience/ |
Description | Presentation at University of Sheffield Geography Department Seminar Series, N Vaughan |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.) |
Results and Impact | N Vaughan presented IAGP research at University of Sheffield Geography Department Seminar Series, February 2013. Increase in requests for information |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
Description | Presentation at briefing meeting for public advisors LWEC/DECC Nem Vaughan (UEA) |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
Results and Impact | Presentation to public advisors from LWEC and DECC. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2011 |
Description | Presentation at the European Aerosol Conference 2013, A Jenkins |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Type Of Presentation | keynote/invited speaker |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Other audiences |
Results and Impact | Presentation, "Marine Cloud Brightening - do implementation assumptions change its effectiveness?" at the European Aerosol Conference, 2013 in Prague by PhD student, A Jenkins. Increase in requests for information; to further inform the academic debate |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
Description | Presentation of IAGP project at launch event, Fudan, China, Naomi Vaughan (UEA) |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Type Of Presentation | keynote/invited speaker |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Other audiences |
Results and Impact | Presentation of IAGP project at launch event of Tyndall Centre in Fudan, China, by Naomi Vaughan, May 2011. Stimulated understanding and thinking. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2011 |
Description | Presentation on climate change and climate engineering to 16-18 year olds at Guilsborough School, Northamptonshire, UK, N Vaughan. |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Local |
Primary Audience | Schools |
Results and Impact | N Vaughan gave talk to approximately 100, 16-18 year old school students about climate change and climate engineering at Guilsborough School, Northamptonshire, UK, September 2013. Raising awareness of the issues and increase in interest in the subject. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
Description | Presentation on climate engineering to Year 12 & 13 olds,Tudor Hall School, N Vaughan |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Local |
Primary Audience | Schools |
Results and Impact | N Vaughan presented on and discussed climate engineering with Year 12 & 13 girls at Tudor Hall School, Oxfordshire, September 2012. Requests for further information. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
Description | Presentation to Rotary Club, Harrogate, UK, P Forster, March 2014 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Local |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | Sparked interesting Q&A. Informed public and raised awareness of science and issues |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
Description | Presented at The Science of Science Communication II conference, Sackler Colloquia, National Academy of Sciences, USA, Sep 2013. N Pidgeon |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.) |
Results and Impact | Presented talk "Geoengineering: Public Values, Stakeholder Perspectives and the Challenge of 'Upstream' Engagement" at The Science of Science Communication II conference, Sackler Colloquia, National Academy of Sciences, USA |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
Description | Presented at World Universities Network meeting, Washington State, USA. Sarah Jones |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.) |
Results and Impact | WUN meeting, Washington State |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2011 |
Description | Presented latest IAGP research at Negative Emissions Technologies Conference, University of Oxford, Nem Vaughan |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Type Of Presentation | keynote/invited speaker |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Other audiences |
Results and Impact | N Vaughan presented latest IAGP research at Negative Emissions Technologies Conference, University of Oxford, September 2013. Organised by Oxford Martin School in collaboration with Environmental Sustainability Knowledge Transfer Network. Funded by LWEC and Virgin Earth Challenge. Increase in requests for information |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
Description | Presented on GeoMIP G4 simulations in HadGEM2 from the IAGP project at 4th GeoMIP workshop, Paris 2014, J Crook |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Type Of Presentation | paper presentation |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Other audiences |
Results and Impact | Sparked interesting Q&A |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
Description | Public Lecture IOP in Scotland Andy Ridgwell (University of Bristol) |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | Stimulated public understanding and thinking Stimulated public understanding and thinking |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2011 |
Description | Public Lecture, Hay Literature,2012, Adam Corner |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | Yes |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | Adam Corner speaker at Hay Literature Festival 2012. Talk title: Geo-engineering - Plan B or Pandora's Box? Url: http://www.hayfestival.com/p-4547-adam-corner.aspx Requests for further information |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
Description | Public debate with Piers Corbyn London |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Supporters |
Results and Impact | Debate with Piers Corbyn organised by debating society - Conway Hall |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
URL | https://conwayhall.org.uk/issue/vol-122-no-1/ |
Description | Royal Society scientific discussion meeting "Geoengineering - taking control of our planet's climate" Nem Vaughan (UEA) |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Type Of Presentation | keynote/invited speaker |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | Royal Society scientific discussion meeting "Geoengineering - taking control of our planet's climate" November 2010. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2010 |
Description | Society for Risk Analysis Europe Conference June 2012, A Corner |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Type Of Presentation | keynote/invited speaker |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Other audiences |
Results and Impact | Presentation at annual conference held by Society for Risk Analysis Europe, held in Zurich, June 2012. SRA is a world-wide society founded in response to the need for an interdisciplinary society which would address emerging issues in risk analysis, management and policy. This was the annual meeting of the European section of the society. The conference brought together researchers as well as representatives from government, business and non-governmental organizations for three days of intensiv Increase in requests for information |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
Description | Stakeholder conference at the Royal Society, London: 'Geoengineering Research: Where Next?' |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Other audiences |
Results and Impact | The key research findings of three projects - IAGP, led by the University of Leeds; SPICE, led by the University of Bristol; and CGG, led by the University of Oxford - were announced at an event held at The Royal Society, London, on 26 November 2014. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
URL | http://iagp.ac.uk/ |
Description | Sustainability Hub, Evening Seminar Series, Kingston University: Presentation by N Vaughan (UEA) |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
Results and Impact | N Vaughan presented on IAGP to postgraduate students and academics as part of the Kingston University Seminar Series. This led to a lively discussion. Increase in request for information. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2010 |
Description | Talk on 'The geopolitics of planetary modification', May 2012, M Galarraga |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Local |
Primary Audience | Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.) |
Results and Impact | M Galarraga gave open talk on 'The geopolitics of planetary modification', at Lancaster University, May 2012. Increase in requests for information and involvement. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
Description | Transition Towns Climate Change meeting, A Jarvis, May 2012 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | A Jarvis was question time panel member at Transition Towns Climate change meeting, May 2012. Requests for further information. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
Description | Tyndall Centre PhD Conference, April 2012, S Jones |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Type Of Presentation | keynote/invited speaker |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
Results and Impact | Tyndall Centre, Knowledge Gaps PhD Conference 2012 - How are you tackling it?. Sharing of knowledge |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
Description | UEA 50th Anniversary celebrations. Public talk on Climate Engineering, N Vaughan |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | N Vaughan led public talk on Climate Engineering to approx. 50 members of the public as part of UEA 50th Anniversary celebrations, June 2013. Raising awareness of the issues and increase in interest in the subject. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
Description | UEA Alumni Evening Lecture Series, N Vaughan (UEA) |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | N Vaughan presented on IAGP to UEA Alumni Evening Lecture Series. Stimulated public understanding and thinking. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2011 |
Description | UEA Christmas Lecture December 2012, N Vaughan |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Local |
Primary Audience | Schools |
Results and Impact | N Vaughan gave University of East Anglia Christmas Lecture to approx 400, 8-12 years olds with parents. Requests for further information. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
Description | Vist to Gordon conference - invited presentation |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | I gave a plenary invited talk at the Gordon conference on climate engineering |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
Description | WCRP Open Science Conference, Piers Forster, October 2011 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Type Of Presentation | keynote/invited speaker |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Other audiences |
Results and Impact | World Climate Research Programme (WCRP), Open Science Conference: Climate Research in Service to Society, Denver, USA, October 2011. Increased others' understanding. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2011 |