Wage and employment dynamics
Lead Research Organisation:
University of the West of England
Department Name: Faculty of Business and Law
Abstract
The project links data from ONS surveys, education systems, and the tax and benefit systems to provide insights into the dynamics of earnings and employment, integrating data across individuals, years, jobs, income sources and employers. The research produced from this will be of direct interest to policy makers across government. Equally importantly, the project aims to creates the basis for a sustainable, documented 'wage and employment spine' with the potential to fundamentally transform research and policy analysis across a vast range of topics. Public benefit will be maximised by high-quality metadata and training for users.
This initial funding bid covers the work relating to ONS data sources. Future bids will be submitted for data from other government departments when these become available.
This initial funding bid covers the work relating to ONS data sources. Future bids will be submitted for data from other government departments when these become available.
Planned Impact
1. Beneficiaries
For government we anticipate:
- The immediate benefit of the project will be felt across DWP, HMT, BEIS, LPC, OME, GEO and MHCLG, each of whom have specific interests in wage progression and employment.
- The project is of immediate policy relevance for Universal Credit (UC), which is specifically designed to encourage employment, stabilise income and avoid perverse incentives. With roll-out completed, evaluating this becomes increasingly important, particularly with respect to regional differences. DWP has been exploring how people in lower paid work can be promoted to consider and move towards in-work progression for several years.
- The project provides useful insight on how education influences wages and employment whilst also answering the research questions raised by DfE (as mentioned above)
- The project will inform the government's equality strategy by providing the most comprehensive view on wages I relation to nationality, socio-economic background and education
- The development of the Wage and Employment Dynamics datasets will provide a ready source of data for further linkage and exploration of, for example, specific interventions or trials
For the public and business:
- The created datasets should be a key source for policy analysts in a wider set of government departments: Transport (commuting), Defence (ex-military careers), Home Office (migrant workers), Justice (re-offending and employment), and so on
- Analysis into wage and employment could provide substantial information to businesses related to what factors impact the employees' decision to stay in or go to work into a particular workplace
2. Achieving impact
The research team is experienced in ensuring that relevant research areas are identified, that research findings are communicated to policymakers in a useful manner, and that policy analysts are empowered to carry out their own analysis.
The following pathways to impact have been identified:
1) Engagement of government departments in the Government Stakeholders Group to identify research goals, particularly the prioritisation of Areas of Research Interest
2) Engagement of academics in the Academic Stakeholders Group to identify research goals, particularly areas which have not been or cannot be analysed given the current non-integrated datasets available in the UK
3) Engagement of government departments and academics in the Advisory Board to review progress, advise on communications and propose user networks that could usefully be developed
4) Engagement of DWP as a research partner
5) Training of government as well as academic researchers to exploit the data effectively
6) Widespread publication of the metadata and other documentation, through ONS, UKDA and other relevant repositories (such as GitHub for code)
7) Publication of non-technical summaries alongside academic research articles
8) Publication of policy briefs linking research to Areas of Research Interest
9) Conferences and workshops organised by the project team with academic and non-academic participation
10) Presentation by the research team at non-academic conferences, such as the ONS Earnings User Group and Government Economic Service, Government Statistical Service and Government Social Research conferences
11) Publication of articles in ONS' Economic Review which receives high circulation amongst government and has a high profile with the press.
For government we anticipate:
- The immediate benefit of the project will be felt across DWP, HMT, BEIS, LPC, OME, GEO and MHCLG, each of whom have specific interests in wage progression and employment.
- The project is of immediate policy relevance for Universal Credit (UC), which is specifically designed to encourage employment, stabilise income and avoid perverse incentives. With roll-out completed, evaluating this becomes increasingly important, particularly with respect to regional differences. DWP has been exploring how people in lower paid work can be promoted to consider and move towards in-work progression for several years.
- The project provides useful insight on how education influences wages and employment whilst also answering the research questions raised by DfE (as mentioned above)
- The project will inform the government's equality strategy by providing the most comprehensive view on wages I relation to nationality, socio-economic background and education
- The development of the Wage and Employment Dynamics datasets will provide a ready source of data for further linkage and exploration of, for example, specific interventions or trials
For the public and business:
- The created datasets should be a key source for policy analysts in a wider set of government departments: Transport (commuting), Defence (ex-military careers), Home Office (migrant workers), Justice (re-offending and employment), and so on
- Analysis into wage and employment could provide substantial information to businesses related to what factors impact the employees' decision to stay in or go to work into a particular workplace
2. Achieving impact
The research team is experienced in ensuring that relevant research areas are identified, that research findings are communicated to policymakers in a useful manner, and that policy analysts are empowered to carry out their own analysis.
The following pathways to impact have been identified:
1) Engagement of government departments in the Government Stakeholders Group to identify research goals, particularly the prioritisation of Areas of Research Interest
2) Engagement of academics in the Academic Stakeholders Group to identify research goals, particularly areas which have not been or cannot be analysed given the current non-integrated datasets available in the UK
3) Engagement of government departments and academics in the Advisory Board to review progress, advise on communications and propose user networks that could usefully be developed
4) Engagement of DWP as a research partner
5) Training of government as well as academic researchers to exploit the data effectively
6) Widespread publication of the metadata and other documentation, through ONS, UKDA and other relevant repositories (such as GitHub for code)
7) Publication of non-technical summaries alongside academic research articles
8) Publication of policy briefs linking research to Areas of Research Interest
9) Conferences and workshops organised by the project team with academic and non-academic participation
10) Presentation by the research team at non-academic conferences, such as the ONS Earnings User Group and Government Economic Service, Government Statistical Service and Government Social Research conferences
11) Publication of articles in ONS' Economic Review which receives high circulation amongst government and has a high profile with the press.
Publications
Stokes, L
(2022)
Weighting for employer non-response in ASHE
Singleton, C.
(2021)
The Extent of Downward Nominal Wage Rigidity: New Evidence from Payroll Data
Schaefer D
(2023)
The extent of downward nominal wage rigidity: New evidence from payroll data
in Review of Economic Dynamics
Phan, V
(2022)
Can we identify students in ASHE?
Forth, J
(2022)
Longitudinal attrition in ASHE
Bryson A
(2020)
LPC 8th Annual Symposium Presentation
Description | Improved understanding of the characteristics and limitations of the ONS survey data |
Exploitation Route | The enhanced datasets are designed to be made available for other researchers. ONS has approved distribution of the code (which generates an enhanced version of ASHE from either the standard SRS files or the WED project's enriched version) and is now intending to approve distribution of the WED source dataset as well. |
Sectors | Communities and Social Services/Policy,Education,Government, Democracy and Justice |
URL | http://www.wagedynamics.com/ |
Description | Raising concerns about the evidence base used for the Low Pay Commission/BEIS analysis of the labour market, and consequent impact on the minimum wage. ONS is now reviewing its weighting methods in the light of our research |
First Year Of Impact | 2020 |
Sector | Other |
Impact Types | Economic,Policy & public services |
Description | Concerns raised over longitudinal policy analysis |
Geographic Reach | National |
Policy Influence Type | Implementation circular/rapid advice/letter to e.g. Ministry of Health |
Description | LPC Annual Report |
Geographic Reach | National |
Policy Influence Type | Citation in systematic reviews |
Impact | The LPC cited 3 publications from the WED project as part of their 2022 Annual Report on National Minimum Wage. Work and Employment Dynamics (2021). New linked payroll-census data reveal ethnic minority and disabled workers are much more likely to receive low pay. Work and Employment Dynamics Blog. 2 November 2021. Work and Employment Dynamics (2022a). Are some types of employers under-represented in the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings, and what are the implications? Work and Employment Dynamics Blog. 22 July 2022. Work and Employment Dynamics (2022b). ASHE-2011 Census: New linked dataset available to provide insights into earnings and employment in Britain. Work and Employment Dynamics Blog. 9 September 2022. |
URL | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1129... |
Description | POLICY PAPER NUMBER 1 Using ASHE to examine trends in low pay: initial exploration of the data |
Geographic Reach | National |
Policy Influence Type | Participation in a guidance/advisory committee |
URL | http://www.wagedynamics.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/LPC-Briefing-15-October-2020-updated-1-1.pdf |
Title | Associated documentation of generated code |
Description | Documentation has been added to the WED catalogue to accompany the code created to generate new datasets |
Type Of Material | Improvements to research infrastructure |
Year Produced | 2021 |
Provided To Others? | Yes |
Impact | This is will continue to sit as material open for all to promote the use of research-ready data, ensuring life beyond the project of the WED outputs. |
Title | Drop 1 User Guide |
Description | This User Guide (Version 1.1) provides researchers with an overview of the linkage process and linkage outcomes from Phase 1. It also describes the weights that have been constructed to account for linkage biases, and it explains how potential users can gain access to the linked data. |
Type Of Material | Improvements to research infrastructure |
Year Produced | 2022 |
Provided To Others? | Yes |
Impact | Accredited researchers can also access the Wage and Employment Dynamics code to create the enriched version of the ASHE dataset via the ONS Secure Research Service. |
URL | http://www.wagedynamics.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/ASHE-CEW11-User-Guide-Version-1.2-Drop-1-1.pd... |
Title | Drop 2 User Guide |
Description | This User Guide provides researchers with an overview of the linkage process and linkage outcomes from Phases 1 and 2 of the linking process. It also describes the weights that have been constructed to account for linkage biases, and it explains how potential users can gain access to the linked data. |
Type Of Material | Improvements to research infrastructure |
Year Produced | 2022 |
Provided To Others? | Yes |
Impact | The ASHE linked to Census 2011 dataset is currently available to access via the ONS Secure Research Service. Accredited researchers can also access the Wage and Employment Dynamics code to create the enriched version of the ASHE dataset via the ONS Secure Research Service. |
URL | http://www.wagedynamics.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/ASHE-CEW11-User-Guide-Version-2.1-Drop-2.pdf |
Title | Code for the creation and analysis of the student marker in the ASHE dataset |
Description | This code is expected to identify students in the ASHE for further research scope. |
Type Of Material | Data analysis technique |
Year Produced | 2021 |
Provided To Others? | No |
Impact | The plan for sharing the code, including its importance and training on its use, has been agreed upon. It is expected that the code will be shared for future use by researchers. |
Title | Code to generate an enhanced research-ready dataset |
Description | Code to take ONS datasets and enhance them with new or improved variables and metadata, and documentation describing the process and quality assurance activities. |
Type Of Material | Data analysis technique |
Year Produced | 2022 |
Provided To Others? | No |
Impact | Work is still ongoing and we expected the impacts to be seen next year. |
Description | 24th Colloquium on Personal Economics - Aarhus University, Denmark |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | We presented a paper "Accounting for employers in the distribution of ethnicity wage gaps" |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
URL | https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wagedynamics.com%2Fwp-content%2Fu... |
Description | ADR UK Linkage Steering Group |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | The ADR UK Linkage Steering group considers ways to help deliver the strategic objectives of ADR UK's research strategy - we report progress in relation to all three WED projects. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
Description | ADR UK/ESRC PhD Call via DTPs |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | The WED Team supported the ADR UK event to promote their PhD call. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
Description | ASHE training series |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | The WED team hosted a series of online training sessions for persons interested in the ASHE with varying degrees of knowledge on the dataset. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2006,2021 |
URL | http://www.wagedynamics.com/training-information-events/ashe-training-series/ |
Description | Academic Stakeholder Meeting |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | The first ASG meeting of the WED project successfully took place on 5th February at London Business School. The meetings were held bi-annually face-to-face and online. The ASG also met with the GSG for a joint meeting. All conversations from the meetings resulted in useful recommendations for research streams, network engagement and the discovery of related information and data useful to the project, and dissemination and promotion of WED training. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020,2021,2022 |
Description | Data Research, Access and Governance Network research Group |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Local |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | Introduced the work of the WED programme to the DRAGoN research Group at UWE |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
Description | Data for Policy Conference (DfP) |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | The WED team hosted a special session at the conference where all team members co-presented a session. Professor Felix Ritchie co-presented with the ONS to introduce the WED project. All the sessions included: Felix Ritchie (UWE), Rachel Mullis (ONS) and James Tierney (ONS): Introducing to the WED Project John Forth (City) and Van Phan (UWE): Applying linking theory to practice in an institutional setting Alex Bryson (UCL) and Lucy Stokes (NEISR): Securing the benefits via co-production of the research question Arusha McKenzie (UWE) and Damian Whittard (UWE): Exploiting different ways of looking at data |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
URL | http://www.wagedynamics.com/confandpres-page/ |
Description | European Association of Labour Economists 2022 - Italy |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | We presented the paper 'Accounting for employers in the distribution of ethnicity wage gaps' at the EAL 2022 in Italy. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
Description | Government Stakeholder Meeting |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
Results and Impact | The first Government Stakeholder Meeting took place on 6th May online. The meetings were held bi-annually face-to-face and online. The GSG also met with the ASG for a joint meeting. All conversations from the meetings resulted in useful recommendations for research streams, network engagement and the discovery of related information and data useful to the project, dissemination and promotion of WED training. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020,2021,2022 |
Description | HMRC User Group Workshop |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | We ran a workshop in January 2023 for researchers who engage with HMRC data to develop research ideas and a direction for the WED2 HMRC dataset |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
Description | Improving and expanding ASHE (LPC Research Workshop) |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
Results and Impact | Professor Felix Ritchie presented to the LPC how to improve the ASHE for research purposes. The presentation was well received with offers to help identify QA issues. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
Description | Institute of Fiscal Studies |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | IFS hosted a WED event to explore ways in which the WED datasets could inform the work of the IFS. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
Description | Joseph Rowntree Foundation Funding Call |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
Results and Impact | Following exploratory discussions, JRF presented at two WED workshops which were set up to promote the use of the WED datasets. they focussed on the WED 2 datasets, as it allowed researchers to focus on within year income volatility. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
Description | LPC presentation |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
Results and Impact | Presentation to the Low Pay Commission 8th Annual Symposium |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
Description | Low Pay Commission - 9th Symposium |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | We presented a paper at the LPC 9th Symposium - The Distribution of Ethnic Pay Gaps Among men in England and Wales: The Role of the Firm |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
URL | http://www.wagedynamics.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/WED-presentation-to-LPC-2-September-2021-v4.p... |
Description | Low Pay Commission - Research Workshop |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | We presented a paper as part of an LPC workshop "How do your wages grow? ASHE Panel analyses 2004 - 2018" |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
URL | http://www.wagedynamics.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/WED_LPC_Presentation_April_2022.pdf |
Description | National Institute of Economic and Social Research |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | NIESR hosted an event promoting the WED project. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
Description | Promotion of the ADR UK Fellowships |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | The WED project supported the launch of the ADR UK Fellowship scheme which included the WED datasets as one of three priority datasets for this call. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
Description | Royal Economic Society - April 2022 Conference |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | We presented a paper "The Distributions of Ethnic Pay Gaps in England and Wales: The Role of the Firm" |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
URL | https://www.res.org.uk/event-listing/res-2022-annual-conference.html |
Description | Scottish Economic Society - Conference April 2022 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | We presented two papers at the Scottish Economic Society conference 1. To cut or not to cut? Theory and evidence on the frequency of nominal pay cuts (http://www.wagedynamics.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/SES-WERS_ASHE-Presentation-2022.pdf) 2. The extent of nominal wage rigidity: new evidence from payroll data (http://www.wagedynamics.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/scot_econ_soc_dnwr_slides_2022.pdf) |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
URL | http://www.wagedynamics.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/SES-WERS_ASHE-Presentation-2022.pdf |
Description | WED Public Engagement Strategy Group |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
Results and Impact | The WED team worked closely alongside ADR-UK to formalise a public engagement group to sit alongside academic and government stakeholders. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
URL | http://www.wagedynamics.com/wed-public-engagement-strategic-group-pesg/ |
Description | WED Training Event - Understanding and using the WED Code |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | Practical training session to inform potential users of the WED dataset how to work with the WED code. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
URL | http://www.wagedynamics.com |
Description | WED Webinar Series |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | The WED team used a series of four webinars to introduce the project, its significance and the ASHE dataset to a wider audience via an interactive webinar series. The series was also used to respond to general and technical queries by all audience members. Feedback given supported plans for further training on using the ASHE dataset for research purposes. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
URL | http://www.wagedynamics.com/webinars/ |
Description | WED Workshop - University of Sheffield |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | A workshop hosted by the University of Sheffield to bring together the academic and policy community to explore how the WED datasets could be used to answer policy questions. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
URL | http://www.wagedynamics.com |
Description | Wage Dynamics Blog |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | The Wage Dynamics blog was established to provide further reach to the general public and all stakeholders. It has been used to raise awareness of research findings, spark discussion and increase engagement. The blog analytics has shown that the articles have received international interest. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020,2021,2022 |
URL | http://www.wagedynamics.com/wed-project-home/blog/ |
Description | Webinar - Using ASHE to Examine Low Pay Transitions |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | We hosted a webinar on using ASHE to example low pay transitions |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
URL | https://pro.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Viewer.aspx?tid=c99c3fc6-ae84-4b3b-bf68-ac8a00af2a6a |
Description | Wed Workshop - Bank of England |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | A workshop hosted by the Bank of England to bring together the academic and policy community to explore how the WED datasets could be used to answer policy questions. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
URL | http://www.wagedynamics.com |
Description | Work Pensions and Labour Economics study Group - 2021 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | We presented 3 papers to the WPEG on the ASHE-Census linkage project: o Quality Assurance Stream (http://www.wagedynamics.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/2021-07-12-WPEG-QA.pdf) o Longitudinal Attrition (http://www.wagedynamics.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/ASHE-longitudinal-attrition-WPEG.pdf) o WPEG 2021 Conference: ASHE-Census linkage (http://www.wagedynamics.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/ASHE-Census-linkage-WPEG-July2021.pdf) |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
URL | http://www.wagedynamics.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/ASHE-Census-linkage-WPEG-July2021.pdf |
Description | Work Pensions and Labour Economics study Group - 2022 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
Results and Impact | We presented 4 papers at the WPEG 2022 conference: o New datasets and findings from the WED project o Should I worry about response/attrition and what can I do about it? o An overview of the ASHE-Census data o Accounting for employers in the distribution of ethnicity wage gaps |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |