The North Atlantic Climate System Integrated Study

Lead Research Organisation: British Antarctic Survey
Department Name: Science Programmes

Abstract

Major changes are occurring across the North Atlantic climate system: in ocean and atmosphere temperatures and circulation, in sea ice thickness and extent, and in key atmospheric constituents such as ozone, methane and particles known as aerosols. Many observed changes are unprecedented in instrumental records. Changes in the North Atlantic directly affect the UK's climate, weather and air quality, with major economic impacts on agriculture, fisheries, water, energy, transport and health. The North Atlantic also has global importance, since changes here drive changes in climate, hazardous weather and air quality further afield, such as in North America, Africa and Asia.

ACSIS is a 5 year strategic research programme that brings together and exploits a wide range of capabilities and expertise in the UK environmental science community. It's goal is to enhance the UK's capability to detect, attribute (i.e. explain the causes of) and predict changes in the North Atlantic Climate System. ACSIS will deliver new understanding of the NA climate system by integrating new and old observations of atmospheric physics and chemistry, of the ocean state and of Arctic Ice. The observations will be complemented by detailed data analysis and numerical simulations.

Observations will come from existing networks, from NERC's own observational sites in the North Atlantic, and from space. Seasonal surveys using the NCAS FAAM aeroplane will further enhance our observational strategy. A key dimension of the observational opportunity is that data records of sufficient length, for multiple variables, are becoming available for the first time. The modelling component will involve core numerical simulations with cutting-edge atmosphere, ocean, sea ice, chemistry and aerosol models using the latest parameterizations and unprecedented spatial detail, as well as bespoke experiments to investigate specific time periods or to explore and explain particular observations.

ACSIS will provide advances in understanding and predicting changes in the NA climate system that can be exploited to assess the impact of these changes on the UK and other countries - for example in terms of the consequences for hazardous weather risk, the environment and businesses. ACSIS outputs will also inform policy on climate change adaptation and air quality.

Planned Impact

Policy makers: Advances in understanding the role of natural and anthropogenic drivers in North Atlantic climate change delivered by ACSIS will contribute to the next Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Assessment Report (AR6) and to national and international policy-making on climate change adaptation and mitigation. Improved understanding of the impact of stratospheric ozone change on tropospheric composition and climate will inform assessments for the Montreal Protocol. Advances in understanding the role of emissions, relative to other factors, in shaping UK air quality will benefit policy formulation in Defra. Representatives of relevant government departments will be invited to the Community Meetings that are a planned part of the programme. These meetings will include specific sessions on stakeholder needs. The Met Office and its customers will benefit from the process-based evaluation of their models and forecast systems. Improvements in modelling and understanding will be exploited to improve the accuracy and reliability of climate forecasts and projections. This will happen efficiently through the co-delivery of ACSIS by Met Office and NERC scientists. The EU Copernicus Climate Change Service will benefit from advances in observations, models, understanding and predictions of changes in the regional climate of the North Atlantic/European region. ACSIS partners are already directly engaged in the development of relevant services and this engagement will increase through the programme. Businesses concerned with changing weather and weather-related risks will benefit from advances in understanding the drivers of changing risk. ACSIS partners have established collaborations with the insurance and energy industries in particular, and these collaborations will provide an important pathway for communication of ACSIS findings. These interactions will be enhanced internationally through related work in the EU PRIMAVERA programme, as well as through the Community Meetings mentioned above.

General public and the media. The observations of declining Arctic sea-ice have become an iconic symbol of our changing climate system for the media and the general public. The ACSIS Essential Climate Variables, presented in accessible form and updated regularly on the ACSIS website, will provide a similar but broader based snap-shot of how the climate system is changing in the UK's backyard. The presentation of multiple variables in a consistent format will provide an important regular opportunity for ACSIS scientists to discuss and explain the complex nature of changes in a way that is accessible and engaging. We anticipate a high level of media interest in this dimension of the programme.

ACSIS is specifically designed to enable as well as deliver research and as such there is a wide community of academic beneficiaries (see separate summary), who will themselves contribute to enhancing the overall impacts of the programme.

Publications

10 25 50
 
Description 1) The stratosphere may play an important role in affecting the North Atlantic region during winter season via downward wave reflection.

2) New mechanisms are identified in terms of the solar-induced decadal signal.

3) Examination of the nonlinear processes such as breaking planetary waves, internal reflection, and resonance helps to identify and characterise the stratospheric influences. It also points to directions for studying the model biases.

4) The post-1862 North Atlantic multi-decadal westerly jet strength variability is too weak in CMIP5 and CMIP6, with similar, but less pronounced, discrepancies for NAO variability.

5) ) Evidence suggests that a contributor to this too-weak jet strength variability is too-weak ocean-atmosphere coupling in the northern North Atlantic as a consequence of equatorward winter jet-stream biases in the CMIP models. 6) An observed strong multi-decadal correlation between North Altlantic jet strength and the NAO may be specific to the 1862-2005 period

6) We used adjoint sensitivity fields to quantify possible influences on Labrador Sea heat content. We identified a basin-scale adjustment mechanism involving the West African and European shelves. In addition, we quantified the extent to which non-local heat fluxes can impact Labrador Sea heat content. (Jones et al., 2018)

7) In Dittmar et al. (2017), we argued that there is a conceptual error in a recently published study of dissolved organic sulphur. The authors of the study neglected mixing between water masses, using radiocarbon age as an overly simple proxy for the age of water. We found that mixing between water masses is sufficient to explain the authors' degradation rates, suggesting that the original study cannot distinguish mixing-driven dilution (interpreted as degradation) and biogeochemical degradation of water parcels following adiabatic trajectories.

8) Teleconnections between the Quasi Biennial Oscillation (QBO) and the Northern Hemisphere zonally averaged zonal winds, mean sea level pressure (mslp) and tropical precipitation are examined. The QBO-induced changes near the NA regions are found to be primarily associated with a QBO modulation of the stratospheric polar vortex.

9) The QBO effect on the winter stratospheric polar vortex involves wavenumber-dependent Rossby wave breaking at different time and height. The North Atlantic Oscillation, which strongly affects UK weather, is expected to be more negative in early winter when the QBO is in its easterly phase and also in late winter when the QBO is in its westerly phase. This suggests that the phase of the QBO, which is predictable on long timescales, could be a useful predictor for UK winter weather.

10) Analysis of ECCOv4 heat budgets and adjoint reconstructions show that the recent North Atlantic "cold blob" anomaly (i.e. record low SSTs in 2015) was caused by successive winters with extreme heat loss. It was a largely local response. See https://www.essoar.org/doi/abs/10.1002/essoar.10502427.1 .We also found that re-emergence of the cold anomaly during the summer/autumn of 2014 was primarily the result of a strong temperature gradient across the base of the mixed layer, with vertical diffusion accounting for approximately 70 % of the re-emergence - see https://os.copernicus.org/preprints/os-2022-10/ .

11) We designed and implemented a probabilistic, deep learning sea ice forecasting system called IceNet. This new system outperforms a state-of-the-art dynamical model in seasonal forecasts of summer sea ice. It also demonstrates a greater ability to predict anomalous pan-Arctic sea ice extents than the models submitted to the Sea Ice Outlook programme. The system is described in a paper published in Nature Communications - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25257-4 .
Exploitation Route The adjoint modelling approach used in this project has many other applications to ocean-climate problems. Current efforts include adjoint sensitivity studies of the recent North Atlantic cold anomaly (Josey et al., 2018) and the wider subpolar North Atlantic, specifically the area used to define the Subpolar Ocean Heat Content (SOHC) ACSIS indicator.

In addition, we are applying machine learning techniques to the updated North Atlantic SST dataset that is currently being produced by NOC. This builds on the unsupervised classification results published in Jones et al. (2019).
Sectors Environment

 
Description The findings have contributed to a number of public engagement activities: - Producer and host (Dan Jones), the Climate Scientists podcast (https://anchor.fm/climate-scientists) - Reviewer for Climate Feedback (https://climatefeedback.org) - Extensive social media activity - Public and community engagement events (Avonmouth, UK; Cambridge Science Festival) - School engagement events (University of Cambridge Primary School; St Albans Girls School; St Albans High School for Girls)
First Year Of Impact 2017
Sector Education
Impact Types Societal

 
Description Integrating Nature-Climate Scenarios & Analytics for Financial Decision-Making (INCAF)
Amount £114,280 (GBP)
Funding ID NE/X016390/1 
Organisation Natural Environment Research Council 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 01/2023 
End 03/2024
 
Description Integrating Nature-Climate Scenarios & Analytics for Financial Decision-Making (INCAF)
Amount £45,927 (GBP)
Funding ID NE/X016358/1 
Organisation Natural Environment Research Council 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 01/2023 
End 03/2024
 
Title Forecasts, neural networks, and results from the paper: 'Seasonal Arctic sea ice forecasting with probabilistic deep learning' 
Description This dataset encompasses data produced in the study 'Seasonal Arctic sea ice forecasting with probabilistic deep learning', published in Nature Communications. The study introduces a new Arctic sea ice forecasting AI system, IceNet, which predicts monthly-averaged sea ice probability (SIP; probability of sea ice concentration > 15%) up to 6 months ahead at 25 km resolution. The study demonstrated IceNet's superior seasonal forecasting skill over a state-of-the-art physics-based sea ice forecasting system, ECMWF SEAS5, and a statistical benchmark. This dataset includes three types of data from the study. Firstly, IceNet's SIP forecasts from 2012/1 - 2020/9. Secondly, the 25 neural network files underlying the IceNet model. Thirdly, spreadsheets of results from the study. The codebase associated with this work includes a script to download this dataset and reproduce all the paper's figures. This dataset is supported by Wave 1 of The UKRI Strategic Priorities Fund under the EPSRC Grant EP/T001569/1, particularly the "AI for Science" theme within that grant and The Alan Turing Institute. The dataset is also supported by the NERC ACSIS project (grant NE/N018028/1). 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2021 
Provided To Others? Yes  
URL https://data.bas.ac.uk/full-record.php?id=GB/NERC/BAS/PDC/01526
 
Title SMURPHS OHC dataset 
Description Data produced by analysis of the SMURPHS ensemble model output, as described in Boland et al 2023 (https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JC018725). This data is required to reproduce the figures from this paper. See https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6418479 for: -notebooks to produce the figures from Boland et al 2023 using this data - see below for which tar balls are needed for which figure. -code to reproduce this data from the SMURPHS model output To reproduce the figures, you need the following directories/files: - Figure 1 & Table 2: ohc_tseries, pic_data, other_model_data - Figure 2: ohc_tseries, pic_data, other_model_data - Figure 3: ohc_trends - Figures 4, S2, S3: ohc_xy - Figures 5, S4-S7: ohc_yz - Figure 6: ohc_xy - Figure 7: ohc_yz, other_model_data - Figure S1: pic_data - Figure S8: amoc_tseries - Figure S9: SIE_SH.nc The data files loaded were created using the python scripts in https://github.com/emmomp/SMURPHS_OHC/code/ as follows: - ohc_tseries: ohc_by_basin_depth.py - pic_data: ohc_by_basin_depth_pic.py, ohc_pic_drift.py, ohc_xy_pic_drift.py, ohc_yz_pic_drift.py, ohc_xy_pic.py, ohc_yz_pic.py - ohc_trends: ohc_weightedtrends_obs.py, ohc_weightedtrends.py - ohc_xy: ohc_xy.py, ohc_xy_trends.py - ohc_yz: ohc_yz.py, ohc_yz_trends.py - amoc_tseries: calculate_AMOC.py - SIE_SH.nc : calc_SH_SIE.py For the SMURPHS ensemble, see Dittus et al. 2020 (https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL085806) 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2022 
Provided To Others? Yes  
URL https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/data_in/19281761
 
Description UK National Climate Science Partnership 
Organisation British Antarctic Survey
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution NCAS has joined together with the other NERC Centres and the Met Office to form a new partnership - the UK National Climate Science Partnership - focused on climate science for solutions. A letter of intent has been signed by all the parties and a Vision Statement agreed. Announcement of the partnership was made by the BEIS CSA Paul Monks at COP26 in Glasgow. NCAS played a leading role in bringing about these developments, working particularly closely with NOC, UKCEH and the Met Office.
Collaborator Contribution The UKNCSP Vision Statement was developed by NCAS, NOC and UKCEH working with the Met Office. All the NERC Centres and the Met Office have signed the letter of intent and supported the announcement at COP26. The partners are currently working together to agree plans to develop the partnership and maximise its benefits to the UK.
Impact Announcement at COP26: https://www.ukri.org/news/uk-researchers-join-forces-to-advance-scientific-climate-solutions/ The founding partners span the full range of environmental science. An important goal of the partnership is to build wider multi-disciplinary partnership to enable climate solutions.
Start Year 2021
 
Description UK National Climate Science Partnership 
Organisation British Geological Survey
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution NCAS has joined together with the other NERC Centres and the Met Office to form a new partnership - the UK National Climate Science Partnership - focused on climate science for solutions. A letter of intent has been signed by all the parties and a Vision Statement agreed. Announcement of the partnership was made by the BEIS CSA Paul Monks at COP26 in Glasgow. NCAS played a leading role in bringing about these developments, working particularly closely with NOC, UKCEH and the Met Office.
Collaborator Contribution The UKNCSP Vision Statement was developed by NCAS, NOC and UKCEH working with the Met Office. All the NERC Centres and the Met Office have signed the letter of intent and supported the announcement at COP26. The partners are currently working together to agree plans to develop the partnership and maximise its benefits to the UK.
Impact Announcement at COP26: https://www.ukri.org/news/uk-researchers-join-forces-to-advance-scientific-climate-solutions/ The founding partners span the full range of environmental science. An important goal of the partnership is to build wider multi-disciplinary partnership to enable climate solutions.
Start Year 2021
 
Description UK National Climate Science Partnership 
Organisation Meteorological Office UK
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution NCAS has joined together with the other NERC Centres and the Met Office to form a new partnership - the UK National Climate Science Partnership - focused on climate science for solutions. A letter of intent has been signed by all the parties and a Vision Statement agreed. Announcement of the partnership was made by the BEIS CSA Paul Monks at COP26 in Glasgow. NCAS played a leading role in bringing about these developments, working particularly closely with NOC, UKCEH and the Met Office.
Collaborator Contribution The UKNCSP Vision Statement was developed by NCAS, NOC and UKCEH working with the Met Office. All the NERC Centres and the Met Office have signed the letter of intent and supported the announcement at COP26. The partners are currently working together to agree plans to develop the partnership and maximise its benefits to the UK.
Impact Announcement at COP26: https://www.ukri.org/news/uk-researchers-join-forces-to-advance-scientific-climate-solutions/ The founding partners span the full range of environmental science. An important goal of the partnership is to build wider multi-disciplinary partnership to enable climate solutions.
Start Year 2021
 
Description UK National Climate Science Partnership 
Organisation National Centre for Earth Observation
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution NCAS has joined together with the other NERC Centres and the Met Office to form a new partnership - the UK National Climate Science Partnership - focused on climate science for solutions. A letter of intent has been signed by all the parties and a Vision Statement agreed. Announcement of the partnership was made by the BEIS CSA Paul Monks at COP26 in Glasgow. NCAS played a leading role in bringing about these developments, working particularly closely with NOC, UKCEH and the Met Office.
Collaborator Contribution The UKNCSP Vision Statement was developed by NCAS, NOC and UKCEH working with the Met Office. All the NERC Centres and the Met Office have signed the letter of intent and supported the announcement at COP26. The partners are currently working together to agree plans to develop the partnership and maximise its benefits to the UK.
Impact Announcement at COP26: https://www.ukri.org/news/uk-researchers-join-forces-to-advance-scientific-climate-solutions/ The founding partners span the full range of environmental science. An important goal of the partnership is to build wider multi-disciplinary partnership to enable climate solutions.
Start Year 2021
 
Description UK National Climate Science Partnership 
Organisation National Oceanography Centre
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution NCAS has joined together with the other NERC Centres and the Met Office to form a new partnership - the UK National Climate Science Partnership - focused on climate science for solutions. A letter of intent has been signed by all the parties and a Vision Statement agreed. Announcement of the partnership was made by the BEIS CSA Paul Monks at COP26 in Glasgow. NCAS played a leading role in bringing about these developments, working particularly closely with NOC, UKCEH and the Met Office.
Collaborator Contribution The UKNCSP Vision Statement was developed by NCAS, NOC and UKCEH working with the Met Office. All the NERC Centres and the Met Office have signed the letter of intent and supported the announcement at COP26. The partners are currently working together to agree plans to develop the partnership and maximise its benefits to the UK.
Impact Announcement at COP26: https://www.ukri.org/news/uk-researchers-join-forces-to-advance-scientific-climate-solutions/ The founding partners span the full range of environmental science. An important goal of the partnership is to build wider multi-disciplinary partnership to enable climate solutions.
Start Year 2021
 
Description UK National Climate Science Partnership 
Organisation Plymouth Marine Laboratory
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution NCAS has joined together with the other NERC Centres and the Met Office to form a new partnership - the UK National Climate Science Partnership - focused on climate science for solutions. A letter of intent has been signed by all the parties and a Vision Statement agreed. Announcement of the partnership was made by the BEIS CSA Paul Monks at COP26 in Glasgow. NCAS played a leading role in bringing about these developments, working particularly closely with NOC, UKCEH and the Met Office.
Collaborator Contribution The UKNCSP Vision Statement was developed by NCAS, NOC and UKCEH working with the Met Office. All the NERC Centres and the Met Office have signed the letter of intent and supported the announcement at COP26. The partners are currently working together to agree plans to develop the partnership and maximise its benefits to the UK.
Impact Announcement at COP26: https://www.ukri.org/news/uk-researchers-join-forces-to-advance-scientific-climate-solutions/ The founding partners span the full range of environmental science. An important goal of the partnership is to build wider multi-disciplinary partnership to enable climate solutions.
Start Year 2021
 
Description UK National Climate Science Partnership 
Organisation UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution NCAS has joined together with the other NERC Centres and the Met Office to form a new partnership - the UK National Climate Science Partnership - focused on climate science for solutions. A letter of intent has been signed by all the parties and a Vision Statement agreed. Announcement of the partnership was made by the BEIS CSA Paul Monks at COP26 in Glasgow. NCAS played a leading role in bringing about these developments, working particularly closely with NOC, UKCEH and the Met Office.
Collaborator Contribution The UKNCSP Vision Statement was developed by NCAS, NOC and UKCEH working with the Met Office. All the NERC Centres and the Met Office have signed the letter of intent and supported the announcement at COP26. The partners are currently working together to agree plans to develop the partnership and maximise its benefits to the UK.
Impact Announcement at COP26: https://www.ukri.org/news/uk-researchers-join-forces-to-advance-scientific-climate-solutions/ The founding partners span the full range of environmental science. An important goal of the partnership is to build wider multi-disciplinary partnership to enable climate solutions.
Start Year 2021
 
Title Code associated with the paper: 'Seasonal Arctic sea ice forecasting with probabilistic deep learning' 
Description This is the first release of the codebase associated with the IceNet paper in Nature Communications. 
Type Of Technology Software 
Year Produced 2021 
URL https://zenodo.org/record/5176572
 
Title so-wise/so-fronts - Defining Southern Ocean fronts using unsupervised classification 
Description Documentation: https://so-fronts.readthedocs.io/en/latest/ Paper: https://doi.org/10.5194/os-17-1545-2021 Preprint: https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2021-40 Presentation at AGU2021: https://doi.org/10.1002/essoar.10507114.1 Change-log: Improved the geographical plot of hard clustering vs. I-metric (Figure 4 in the paper). Changed velocity comparison from 135m to 2m depth (lowers correlation with Sobel edge detection method slightly). Made README.md more readable. Added new plots to visualise the preprocessing steps: Mean and standard deviation of profiles from the sample. Principal components in terms of their effect on the vertical profiles. Short description In the Southern Ocean, fronts delineate water masses, which correspond to upwelling and downwelling branches of the overturning circulation. Classically, oceanographers define Southern Ocean fronts as a small number of continuous linear features that encircle Antarctica. However, modern observational and theoretical developments are challenging this traditional framework to accommodate more localized views of fronts [Chapman et al. 2020]. Here we present code for implementing two related methods for calculating fronts from oceanographic data. The first method uses unsupervised classification (specifically, Gaussian Mixture Modeling or GMM) and a novel interclass metric to define fronts. This approach produces a discontinuous, probabilistic view of front location, emphasising the fact that the boundaries between water masses are not uniformly sharp across the entire Southern Ocean. The second method uses Sobel edge detection to highlight rapid changes [Hjelmervik & Hjelmervik, 2019]. This approach produces a more local view of fronts, with the advantage that it can highlight the movement of individual eddy-like features (such as the Agulhas rings). Chapman, C. C., Lea, M.-A., Meyer, A., Sallee, J.-B. & Hindell, M. Defining Southern Ocean fronts and their influence on biological and physical processes in a changing climate. Nature Climate Change (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0705-4 Maze, G. et al. Coherent heat patterns revealed by unsupervised classification of Argo temperature profiles in the North Atlantic Ocean. Progress in Oceanography (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2016.12.008, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3906236 Hjelmervik, K. B. & Hjelmervik, K. T. Detection of oceanographic fronts on variable water depths using empirical orthogonal functions. IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/JOE.2019.2917456 
Type Of Technology Software 
Year Produced 2021 
URL https://zenodo.org/record/4739249
 
Description Appointed to Transdisciplinary Advisory Board for European Joint Programming Initiative "Connecting Climate Knowledge for Europe" (JPI Climate) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact The Transdisciplinary Advisory Board (TAB) consists of national and international members from academia and from relevant stakeholder groups. It advises the Governing Board on specific issues upon request. This overall Advisory Board is an important instrument to involve relevant stakeholder groups.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
URL https://jpi-climate.eu/governance/#transdisciplinary-advisory-board
 
Description Chair, Met Office Hadley Centre Science Review Group 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact The Met Office Hadley Centre (MOHC) Science Review Group (SRG) brings together leading scientists from UK and international academia to carry out an independent review of the climate research carried out by the Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme (MOHCCP) to advise its government customers on the quality, robustness and relevance of our science outputs.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022,2023
URL https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/approach/how-met-office-science-is-reviewed
 
Description Development of Science Plan for World Climate Research Programme Lighthouse Activity on Explaining and Predicting Earth System Change 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact As Co-chair of the World Climate Research Programme Lighthouse Activity on Explaining and Predicting Earth System Change I co-led the development of the international Science Plan
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://www.wcrp-climate.org/epesc
 
Description Media briefing on sea ice 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact In March 2017 Emily Shuckburgh co-ordinated the production of a briefing note on sea ice and participated in a press briefing which focused on the impact of Arctic sea ice loss on midlatitude weather.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2017
URL https://www.bas.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Sea-ice-briefing_Mar17.pdf
 
Description Member of Editorial Board for 10 New Insights in Climate Science 2022, presented at COP27 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact The 10 New Insights in Climate Science series is an annual synthesis highlighting essential advances in climate change research, from natural and social sciences, with high policy relevance. The report has been launched every year since 2017 at the climate COP, with participation of the UNFCCC Executive Secretary. This joint initiative of Future Earth, The Earth League, and The World Climate Research Programme, is a collective effort to support the diffusion of the most relevant and up-to-date climate change science to policymakers, negotiators, and the general public.
See: https://10insightsclimate.science/
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://10insightsclimate.science/
 
Description Panel member at COP26 session on the future of climate modelling 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact The session on the future of climate modelling was held in the Science Pavillion in COP26 in Glasgow and also live streamed worldwide.
I contributed my perspective and contributed to the Q&A.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/weather/climate/cop/science-pavilion
 
Description School visit (St Albans) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Schools
Results and Impact Gave a talk including discussion of the ACSIS project to St Albans Girls School
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016
 
Description Sensing the climate: how do we measure our changing planet? 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Hosted a series of talks, including ACSIS as part of the Cambridge Science Festival
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
URL https://www.sciencefestival.cam.ac.uk/news/time-running-out-tackle-climate-change