The evolution of modern marine ecosystems: environmental controls on their structure and function
Lead Research Organisation:
Plymouth University
Department Name: Sch of Geog Earth & Environ Sciences
Abstract
Currently, our marine ecosystems are threatened by a number of environmental changes, including rising global temperatures and changes in ocean circulation patterns. Most worryingly of all, recent surveys have shown that large parts of the ocean are running out of oxygen, creating so-called 'dead zones' where no marine animals can live. As these dead zones continue to expand significant numbers of marine species may become extinct. Although these environmental changes are of great concern to scientists today, it is not the first time that marine ecosystems have faced such threats. The fossil record shows us that at many times in the past global temperatures have risen, ocean circulation has slowed down, and oxygen-starved dead zones have expanded throughout the world's oceans. Understanding how marine ecosystems have been affected by past environmental change, and in particular trying to find out how they coped with increasing temperatures and decreasing amounts of oxygen, may help us predict how modern ecosystems will respond today and how best to manage the present crisis. Modern marine ecosystems took millions of years to evolve. The animal groups that we see today swimming in the oceans or living on the seafloor - the fish, shellfish, sea urchins, starfish, corals and plankton - mostly appeared in the aftermath of the biggest extinction event to have affected life on Earth around 250 million years ago. This event wiped out a whole range of previously successful groups of animals, and most of the survivors were the ancestors of modern sea creatures. This major extinction event, which took place in the late Permian period, was associated with rising global temperatures, changes in ocean circulation and expansion of oxygen-poor dead zones - the very same threats facing modern ecosystems today. As early modern-style ecosystems appeared and evolved after the Late Permian and through the Mesozoic, they were struck by a succession of similar environmental catastrophes, with similar combinations of global warming and expanding dead zones. All of these events caused widespread extinction. We will undertake the first study of the effect that global warming, changes in ocean circulation, and expansion of the oxygen-starved dead zones had on these early modern marine ecosystems. We will determine, for the first time, how the structure of these ecosystems changed through time, and in particular how well they functioned, in response to changing environmental conditions. Furthermore, we will evaluate whether there been an improvement in the resistance of marine ecosystems to extinction and collapse brought on by changes in temperature, ocean circulation and available oxygen. We will undertake these detailed studies to discover for the first time how the structure and function of marine ecosystems, from the seafloor to the ocean surface, responded to environmental changes. In order to address these questions, we will undertake a series of linked studies at two contrasting scales: (a) global-scale analyses of marine ecosystem response to long-term changes in global temperature and atmospheric carbon dioxide and oxygen levels; and (b) local-scale, high-resolution analyses of ecosystem response to local environmental changes in dissolved temperature, oxygen concentration, and ocean circulation. Local-scale analyses will involve field expeditions to sites in UK, Europe, America and the Arctic that are known to contain a detailed record through four key events in our study interval. Global-scale analyses will involve ecological study of published information and museum collections of all known marine taxa that existed through the Mesozoic. The results from our multidisciplinary study will represent a step-change in our understanding of the role(s) that environmental changes in temperature, ocean circulation and levels of dissolved oxygen had on the structure, function and early evolution of modern marine ecosystems.
Publications
Danise S
(2012)
Marine community dynamics through the Early Toarcian (early Jurassic) global warming event
in Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs
Twitchett RJ
(2012)
PALEOBIOLOGICAL MODELS FOR THE PERMIAN-TRIASSIC EXTINCTION AND RECOVERY: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE
in Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs
Foster WJ
(2013)
Ecospace occupation across the Permian/Triassic boundary
in Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs
Chen Y
(2013)
Size variation of conodonts during the Smithian-Spathian (Early Triassic) global warming event
in Geology
Jaraula C
(2013)
Elevated pCO2 leading to Late Triassic extinction, persistent photic zone euxinia, and rising sea levels
in Geology
Opazo LF
(2014)
FUNCTIONAL DIVERSIFICATION PATTERNS IN THE EARLY MESOZOIC
in Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs
Danise S
(2014)
Ecological succession of a Jurassic shallow-water ichthyosaur fall.
in Nature communications
Description | Danise: Rita Levi Montalcini |
Amount | € 152,933 (EUR) |
Organisation | Italian Ministry of Education, Universities and Research |
Sector | Public |
Country | Italy |
Start | 08/2018 |
End | 09/2021 |
Description | MEC: Palaeontological Association Research Grant Scheme |
Amount | £6,168 (GBP) |
Organisation | Palaeontological Association |
Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 05/2012 |
End | 12/2013 |
Description | RJT: Plymouth University Undergraduate Research Bursary |
Amount | £1,500 (GBP) |
Organisation | University of Plymouth |
Sector | Academic/University |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 05/2013 |
End | 08/2013 |
Description | SD: Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowships for Career Development |
Amount | € 282,109 (EUR) |
Organisation | European Commission |
Sector | Public |
Country | European Union (EU) |
Start | 01/2015 |
End | 12/2017 |
Description | SD: Palaeontological Association Research Grant |
Amount | £6,665 (GBP) |
Organisation | Palaeontological Association |
Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 05/2013 |
End | 12/2014 |
Description | SD: The Great Britain Sasakawa Foundation Award |
Amount | £2,000 (GBP) |
Organisation | The Great Britain Sasakawa Foundation |
Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 07/2013 |
End | 03/2014 |
Description | WF: IGCP 572 Travel Grant |
Amount | $442 (USD) |
Organisation | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization |
Sector | Academic/University |
Country | France |
Start | 04/2012 |
End | 06/2012 |
Description | WF: JSPS Summer Programme |
Amount | ¥835,000 (JPY) |
Organisation | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) |
Sector | Public |
Country | Japan |
Start | 05/2014 |
End | 08/2014 |
Description | WF: Palaeontological Association Travel Grant |
Amount | £750 (GBP) |
Organisation | Palaeontological Association |
Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 08/2014 |
End | 09/2014 |
Description | WF: Plymouth Marine Education Fund |
Amount | £300 (GBP) |
Organisation | University of Plymouth |
Sector | Academic/University |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 08/2014 |
End | 09/2014 |
Title | Foster and Twitchett P-Tr Ecospace data |
Description | A database of the ecological traits of all Late Permian to Middle Triassic benthic marine fossil genera known to date and their geographic and temporal occurrences. |
Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
Year Produced | 2014 |
Provided To Others? | Yes |
Impact | This led directly tohigh profile outputs including a paper in Nature Geoscience; the approach is being copied by other groups worldwide analysing other events in the rock record; it is forming the basis of future research proposals. |
URL | http://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.824825 |
Description | Leeds_Jurassic |
Organisation | University of Leeds |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Incorporating partner's unpublished data into our analyses, which led directly to significant, high profile publications led by us; hosting undergraduate student for summer research project and mentoring her early career development through her first conference presentations and publication; inviting partner to present with the group at conferences |
Collaborator Contribution | Providing unpublished data for our analyses; co-authoring publications; writing letters of support for early career researchers in our group |
Impact | Publications: Danise et al. (2013) PLoS ONE 8(2): e56255. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056255; Pugh et al., Geoscience in Southwest England (2015); Danise et al., Geology (2015); Dunhill et al., 2017; Dunhill et al., 2018 Conference presentations: Ussher's Society Annual Conference January 2014; Palaeontological Association Annual Meeting December 2012 and 2013; CRES Conference Plymouth November 2013; Long-term Coevolution of Life and the Planet meeting, London, November 2014 (2 oral and 1 poster presentation); GSA Annual Meeting, October 2012 Unpublished Report (Pugh 2013) Career development: undergraduate student successfully gained PhD position Multidiciplinary: palaeontology, geology, geochemistry |
Start Year | 2012 |
Description | Leeds_Jurassic |
Organisation | University of Leeds |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Incorporating partner's unpublished data into our analyses, which led directly to significant, high profile publications led by us; hosting undergraduate student for summer research project and mentoring her early career development through her first conference presentations and publication; inviting partner to present with the group at conferences |
Collaborator Contribution | Providing unpublished data for our analyses; co-authoring publications; writing letters of support for early career researchers in our group |
Impact | Publications: Danise et al. (2013) PLoS ONE 8(2): e56255. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056255; Pugh et al., Geoscience in Southwest England (2015); Danise et al., Geology (2015); Dunhill et al., 2017; Dunhill et al., 2018 Conference presentations: Ussher's Society Annual Conference January 2014; Palaeontological Association Annual Meeting December 2012 and 2013; CRES Conference Plymouth November 2013; Long-term Coevolution of Life and the Planet meeting, London, November 2014 (2 oral and 1 poster presentation); GSA Annual Meeting, October 2012 Unpublished Report (Pugh 2013) Career development: undergraduate student successfully gained PhD position Multidiciplinary: palaeontology, geology, geochemistry |
Start Year | 2012 |
Description | Madrid_Toarcian |
Organisation | Complutense University of Madrid |
Country | Spain |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | joint field work; sampling of sections for fossil invertebrate, microfossil and geochemical analyses; undertaking palaeoecological and geochemical studies; taxonomy of fossils |
Collaborator Contribution | Field logistics; joint fieldwork in northern and central Spain; hosting group members in Madrid; discussion of data |
Impact | Multdisciplinary: palaeontology, geology, geochemistry Stable Isotope analyses samples; Trace Element analyses; Palaeocological analyses Paper accepted pending revisions (Danise et al., Palaeo3) Conference presentation: 10th North American Palaeontological Convention, Gainesville, Florida. Somes of the samples formed basis of a Bachelor thesis at the University of Innsbruck (AU). Title of the project: Benthic foraminiferal response to the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event in Spain Manuscripts in preparation |
Start Year | 2012 |
Description | Nagoya_Triassic |
Organisation | Nagoya University |
Country | Japan |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Undertaken collaborative field studies with colleagues in Japan; using our expertise and resources for analysis; sumitting co-authored manuscripts |
Collaborator Contribution | Hosting members of the group and related students; providing bench space and facilities; covering postage and other consumables; providing logistic support; submitting co-authored manuscripts |
Impact | JSPS-funded summer studentship for William Foster (2014) fieldtrips in 2011 and 2014 Manuscript in review with Zoological Science |
Start Year | 2011 |
Description | Boreal Triassic II conference |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
Results and Impact | Twitchett and Foster attended this major international conference on the Triassic of the Arctic and authored or co-authored talks and posters, which sparked discussions and questions afterwards |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2015 |
URL | http://foreninger.uio.no/ngf/Boreal2/index.html |
Description | Danise PalAss 2018 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
Results and Impact | Conference oral presentation at Annual meeting of Palaeontological Association: S. Danise, M.E. Clemence, G. Price, J.J. Gómez, R.J. Twitchett. 2018. Stratigraphic and environmental control on marine benthic community change through the early Toarcian extinction event (Iberian Range, Spain). 62nd Annual Meeting of the Palaeontological Association, Programme and Abstracts p. 31 (ORAL PRESENTATION). Audience of ca. 150. Sparked questions and discussion afterwards |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
Description | Danise: Geoscience Colloquium Series, University fo Georgia, USA |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
Results and Impact | Talk on fossil record of Mesozoic marine reptile dead falls which sparked a number of questions and follow up contact from several undergraduate students about opportunities to work on the topic. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2015 |
Description | Danise: Swedish Museum of Natural History seminar |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | An invited research seminar given during a workshop |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
Description | Dorchester Museum talk |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Local |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | presentation to 100 members of the general public on the Late Triassic extinction event which sparked questions and discussion afterwards |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
Description | EGU General Assembly, Vienna 2015 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | The largest Geoscience meeting in Europe. Danise co-chaired a session and Twitchett and Danise co-authored a presentation, all of which sparked questions and discussions |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2015 |
URL | http://projectmarest.weebly.com/news/symposium-at-the-2015-egu-conservation-stratigraphic-palaeobiol... |
Description | Foster: CRES conference |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Local |
Primary Audience | Undergraduate students |
Results and Impact | talk sparked questions and discussion afterwards students volunteered to be involved with project as field assistants |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2011,2012,2014 |
Description | Foster: DeFord Lecture Series, University of Texas, Austin |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
Results and Impact | Invited seminar |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
Description | Foster: NERC Spring School |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
Results and Impact | talk sparked questions and discussion afterwards discussions of potential collaborations and project overlap |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
Description | Foster: Oklahoma State University Departmental Seminar |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
Results and Impact | Invited departmental seminar |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
Description | Foster: SW Regional Group meeting |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | talk sparked questions and discussion audience expressed enjoyment at learning more about advances in field |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
Description | Foster: departmental seminar |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Local |
Primary Audience | Undergraduate students |
Results and Impact | talk sparked questions and discussion audience expressed enjoyament at learning more about topic |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
Description | Foster: radio interview |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
Results and Impact | live discussion on air stimualted public interest in our publication |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
Description | Geological Society of America Annual Meeting, 2015 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | The major international geological conference on the calendar. Twitchett co-chaired an all day symposium; gave a talk; co-authored posters with Foster; with Belben and colleagues at NHM and Birkbeck; with colleagues from BAS, Leeds, NHM (Fossilblitz). Danise gave a presentation; Foster gave a keynote presentation. All activities sparked a number of questions and discussions. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2015 |
Description | Manchester GA talk |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Local |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | Invited lecture to discuss past global warming and extinctions |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
Description | Press release for Geology paper |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | Press release for the Geology 2015 paper that also featured on the museum pages |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2015 |
URL | http://www.nhm.ac.uk/our-science/science-news/2015/march/fossils-used-to-predict-impact-of-global-wa... |
Description | Price and Clemence: Leading NERC Spring School Fieldtrip |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
Results and Impact | fieldtrip sparked questions, debate and discussion Increase in requests for further information. Plans made for future related activity. Audience reported change in views |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
Description | Slater IPC 2018 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | Conference presentation: S. Slater, R.J. Twitchett, S. Danise, V.Vajda. 2018. Abrupt ecosystem changes during an Early Jurassic (Toarcian) global warming episode. Fifth International Palaeontological Congress, Abstract with Programme, p. 559. (ORAL PRESENTATION). Sparked questions and discussion afterwards |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
Description | Twitchett RJ: 25th Anniversary Talk of the Cambridgeshire Geology Club |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Local |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | Talk title: Turning up the heat on the Late Permian extinction event. Talk sparked questions and discussion After my talk audience members reported that they enjoyed hearing about the latest developments in the science that previously they were unaware of. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2007,2011 |
Description | Twitchett RJ: SW Regional Group talk (Torbay school) |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | Talk title: mass extinction. Talk sparked questions and discussion After the activity audience members expressed enjoyment at learning about something new |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2011 |
Description | Twitchett and Foster: Yorkshire Fossil Festival |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Schools |
Results and Impact | Show-and-tell specimens sparked questions, discussions, and general enthusaism for the science A number of teachers and pupils returned on subsequent days to find out more |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
Description | Twitchett: Biology seminar |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Local |
Primary Audience | Undergraduate students |
Results and Impact | talk sparked questions and discussions afterwards students approached me for further information; potential for collaborative projects explored |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
Description | Twitchett: Dorset County Museum talk |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Local |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | Talk sparked questions and discussion afterwards After the talk on global warming and mass extinction events, the audience expressed enjoyment at learning more about the past and its implications for the future |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
Description | Twitchett: Invited keynote GSA Annual Meeting, Seattle, USA |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | Invited keynote talk in a topical symposium dedicated to citizen science in palaeontology |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
URL | https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2017AM/webprogram/Paper298954.html |
Description | Twitchett: Lyell Meeting 2012 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | talk sparked questions and discussions potentials for collaborations explored |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012,2014 |
Description | Twitchett: NERC Spring School seminar |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
Results and Impact | Talk sparked questions and discussion Potential links and collaborations explored |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
Description | Twitchett: Nature Communications press release |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
Results and Impact | Press release was picked up by national and international media outlets to promote Nature Communications article (Nature Communciations, 5:4789, DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5789) Stimulated a large number of tweets, blogs and views of the article, which resulted in an Altmetric score of 92, placing it in the 99th percentile of all articles ever tracked by Altmetrics. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
URL | http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2014/140910/ncomms5789/metrics |
Description | Twitchett: Nature Geoscience press release |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
Results and Impact | Press release was picked up by national and international media outlets, including NERC's Planet Earth Online providing international promotion of the Nature Geoscience article (Nature Geoscience, 7, 233-238. doi:10.1038/NGEO2079) led to increase in views, tweets, and blogs about the article raising its profile |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
URL | http://planetearth.nerc.ac.uk/news/story.aspx?id=1629 |
Description | Twitchett: PlosOne press release |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
Results and Impact | Press release was picked up by national and international media outlets in order to publicise the publication of our article in PLoS ONE (PLoS ONE 8(2): e56255. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056255) Notable increase in tweets, blogs, and views of article |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
URL | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/02/130219140508.htm |
Description | Twitchett: St Andrews FRESH Symposium |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Undergraduate students |
Results and Impact | talk sparked questions and discussion afterwards led to new collaborations; some students asked if they could undertake PhDs with me |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
Description | Twitchett: Swedish Museum of Natural History |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | Invited seminar during research workshop |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
Description | Twitchett: UCL research seminar |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
Results and Impact | Invited departmental research seminar on marine ecosystems in hothouse worlds, which sparked questions and follow up discussions with several academics |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2015 |
Description | Twitchett: Vienna research seminar |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.) |
Results and Impact | talk sparked questions and discussion led to new collaboration |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
Description | Twitchett: research seminar Frankfurt |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
Results and Impact | talk sparked questions and discussion potential collaborations discussed |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
Description | Twitchett: research seminar UCD |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Undergraduate students |
Results and Impact | talk sparked questions and discussion afetrwards audience members requested further information |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |