The Exploitation and Upgrade of the CMS and LHCb Experiments, Detector R&D and NA62
Lead Research Organisation:
University of Bristol
Department Name: Physics
Abstract
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the largest particle accelerator to be built at CERN. It is the highest energy particle accelerator ever built, with a 27 km circumference, 100 m underground, straddling the French and Swiss border outside of Geneva. It will smash together protons travelling at 99.999999% of the speed of light 40 million times per second. With this machine, conditions similar to those a billionth of a second after the Big Bang will be reproduced. The Bristol particle physics group participate in 2 of the major experiments at the LHC, CMS and LHCb. The LHC is a discovery machine. The Standard Model of particle physics has been extremey successful in describing the physics of the Universe to date, but we know it to be incomplete. The Standard Model does not explain dark matter or dark energy, neutrino oscillations, or why the matter left in the universe wasn't destroyed by antimatter created at the big bang. The Standard Model recognizes four forces: electromagnetic force; the weak nuclear force; the strong nuclear force as well as gravity. It is believed that these forces could be different manifestation of something more fundamental. With the highest energies created to date, collisions at the LHC will push forward the frontiers of particle physics where we hope to find new physics particles and processes to explain these phenomenon. The Bristol group will be at the fore of answering these fundamental questions. The physics opportunities demand the development of novel sensors, detector systems and advanced computing techniques. These developments are at the cutting edge of technology. The Bristol group will be at the forefront in developing these systems for future experiments but also ensuring the knowledge generated will be transferred to the wider economy for enhanced productivity and economic growth.
Publications
Abeysekara A
(2012)
On the sensitivity of the HAWC observatory to gamma-ray bursts
in Astroparticle Physics
Abeysekara A
(2015)
VAMOS: A pathfinder for the HAWC gamma-ray observatory
in Astroparticle Physics
Abeysekara A
(2013)
Sensitivity of the high altitude water Cherenkov detector to sources of multi-TeV gamma rays
in Astroparticle Physics
Abdo A
(2015)
Milagro limits and HAWC sensitivity for the rate-density of evaporating Primordial Black Holes
in Astroparticle Physics
Hydomako R
(2011)
Antihydrogen detection in ALPHA
in Hyperfine Interactions
Khachatryan V
(2015)
Search for physics beyond the standard model in dilepton mass spectra in proton-proton collisions at s = 8 $$ \sqrt{s}=8 $$ TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2014)
Erratum: Search for the associated production of the Higgs boson with a top-quark pair
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2014)
Measurements of the $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}} $ charge asymmetry using the dilepton decay channel in pp collisions at $ \sqrt{s} $ = 7 TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2015)
Measurement of the ratio of the production cross sections times branching fractions of B c ± ? J/?p ± and B± ? J/?K ± and B B c ± ? J / ? p ± p ± p ± / B B c ± ? J / ? p ± $$ \mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left({\mathrm{B}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{\pm}\to \mathrm{J}/\psi {\pi}^{\pm }{\pi}^{\pm }{\pi}^{\mp}\right)/\mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left({\mathrm{B}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{\pm}\to \mathrm{J}/\psi {\pi}^{\pm}\right) $$ in pp collisions at s = 7 $$ \
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2014)
Evidence for the 125 GeV Higgs boson decaying to a pair of t leptons
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Long-range and short-range dihadron angular correlations in central PbPb collisions at $ \sqrt { {{s_{\text{NN}}}}} $ = 2.76 TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2015)
Search for disappearing tracks in proton-proton collisions at s = 8 $$ \sqrt{s}=8 $$ TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Measurement of the lepton charge asymmetry in inclusive W production in pp collisions at $ \sqrt {s} = 7\;{\text{TeV}} $
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2014)
Identification techniques for highly boosted W bosons that decay into hadrons
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2015)
Erratum to: Search for new physics in events with same-sign dileptons and jets in pp collisions at s $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 8 TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2014)
Measurement of associated W + charm production in pp collisions at $ \sqrt{s} $ = 7 TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Search for supersymmetry in pp collisions at $ \sqrt {s} = 7 $ TeV in events with a single lepton, jets, and missing transverse momentum
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2011)
Inclusive b-hadron production cross section with muons in pp collisions at $ \sqrt {s} = 7\;{\text{TeV}} $
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2010)
Observation of long-range, near-side angular correlations in proton-proton collisions at the LHC
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Search for resonances in the dilepton mass distribution in pp collisions at $ \sqrt {s} = 7 $ TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2011)
Measurements of inclusive W and Z cross sections in pp collisions at $ \sqrt {s} = 7 $ TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2011)
Search for heavy stable charged particles in pp collisions at $ \sqrt {s} = 7\;{\text{TeV}} $
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2014)
Study of hadronic event-shape variables in multijet final states in pp collisions at s = 7 $$ \sqrt{s} = 7 $$ TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Search for supersymmetry in events with a lepton, a photon, and large missing transverse energy in pp collisions at $ \sqrt {s} = 7 $ TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2014)
Search for new physics in the multijet and missing transverse momentum final state in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s} $ = 8 TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2014)
Search for pair production of excited top quarks in the lepton + jets final state
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Search for physics beyond the standard model in opposite-sign dilepton events in pp collisions at $ \sqrt {s} = 7\,{\text{TeV}} $
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Search for light resonances decaying into pairs of muons as a signal of new physics
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2014)
Search for standard model production of four top quarks in the lepton + jets channel in pp collisions at s = 8 $$ \sqrt{s}=8 $$ TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2015)
Study of Z production in PbPb and pp collisions at s N N = 2.76 $$ \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=2.76 $$ TeV in the dimuon and dielectron decay channels
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Search for large extra dimensions in the diphoton final state at the Large Hadron Collider
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2014)
Study of double parton scattering using W + 2-jet events in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s} $ = 7 TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Search for new physics with jets and missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at $ \sqrt {s} = 7 $ TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Search for supersymmetry in events with b jets and missing transverse momentum at the LHC
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2014)
Search for massive resonances decaying into pairs of boosted bosons in semi-leptonic final states at s $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 8 TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Search for same-sign top-quark pair production at $ \sqrt {s} = 7 $ TeV and limits on flavour changing neutral currents in the top sector
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2011)
Measurement of Bose-Einstein correlations in pp collisions at $ \sqrt {s} = 0.9 $ and 7 TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Charged particle transverse momentum spectra in pp collisions at $ \sqrt {s} = 0.9 $ and 7 TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2014)
Search for neutral MSSM Higgs bosons decaying to a pair of tau leptons in pp collisions
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2014)
Measurement of prompt J/? pair production in pp collisions at s $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 7 Tev
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Measurement of the inclusive Z cross section via decays to tau pairs in pp collisions at $ \sqrt {s} = 7 $ TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2011)
Strange particle production in pp collisions at $ \sqrt {s} = 0.9 $ and 7 TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Dependence on pseudorapidity and on centrality of charged hadron production in PbPb collisions at $ \sqrt { {{s_{\text{NN}}}}} = 2.76 $ TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2014)
Measurement of the triple-differential cross section for photon + jets production in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s} $ = 7 TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2014)
Search for massive resonances in dijet systems containing jets tagged as W or Z boson decays in pp collisions at s $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 8 TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2014)
Measurement of the production cross sections for a Z boson and one or more b jets in pp collisions at s $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 7 TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2014)
Erratum: Measurement of the $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}} $ production cross section in the dilepton channel in pp collisions at $ \sqrt{s} $ = 8 TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2015)
Measurement of the W boson helicity in events with a single reconstructed top quark in pp collisions at s = 8 $$ \sqrt{s}=8 $$ TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Search for new physics with same-sign isolated dilepton events with jets and missing transverse energy at the LHC
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Measurement of the $ { {\rm t}\bar{\rm t}} $ production cross section and the top quark mass in the dilepton channel in pp collisions at $ \sqrt {s} = 7 $ TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Description | The LHC has dominated the field during the review period, starting in 2009 after around fifteen years of preparation. The group made major contributions to the design, construction and commissioning of the CMS experiment. Bristol physicists have played a leading role in early data taking at CMS, with a significant contribution to several analyses, as well as taking on a number of roles within physics management. The group's physics programme encompasses both Standard Model measurements and searches for new physics in 'conventional' and 'exotic' channels. The group successfully targeted a number of analyses designed to make use of the early data in 2010, and has continued to provide leadership in these areas whilst also turning towards higher luminosity studies with systematic limitations. Group members also play a wider role in the scrutiny of CMS output, serving in numerous formal analysis review and editorial roles. Flavour physics has unique sensitivity to physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM). BSM particles can affect quark flavour changes through loop processes. Crucially, there is no kinematic cut-off for the masses inside the loops. This approach is therefore sensitive to new particles far heavier than those directly produced at even the highest-energy colliders - it allows us to see beyond the energy frontier. The more precisely we measure these processes, the further we can see. TheFlavour Physics group therefore had a comprehensive programme of beauty, charm and kaon physics at the precision frontier. The group has significant expertise in solid-state tracking detectors, both silicon and diamond, and has developed the infrastructure and skills to play a major role in the advancement of this technology. In this programme we have capitalised on Bristol's strengths in electronics and mechanical design, and have also begun new activities with gas ionisation sensors optimised for low cost and robustness. We exploit opportunities to contribute to future projects and upgrades of existing experiments, and to transfer particle physics technology to industry, the public sector, and other academic disciplines. |
Exploitation Route | Collaboration with Diamond Detectors Limited, to design and produce a very fast, diamond based spectroscopy system. This system will have significantly improved radiation hardness and count rates over existing detectors. It makes use of detector and readout technologies developed both in industry and within the group, and will open new markets in the medical, security and energy sectors. Development of a muon tomography system for the detection of illicit Special Nuclear Materials, in conjunction with the Atomic Weapons Establishment. The fine-pitch RPC technology developed is under study for several other industrial applications. The use of Grid computing technology in the modelling and economic impact assessment of landslides in developing countries. |
Sectors | Aerospace, Defence and Marine,Electronics,Pharmaceuticals and Medical Biotechnology,Other |
Description | CASE studentships. optimisation of mass storage systems & structural stability of lightweight carbon fibre structures with RAL. Development of a very fast, diamond based spectroscopy device) Diamond Detectors Ltd (DDL), Poole. Muon topography (AWE) |
First Year Of Impact | 2011 |
Sector | Aerospace, Defence and Marine,Electronics,Energy,Pharmaceuticals and Medical Biotechnology,Other |
Impact Types | Societal,Economic |
Description | A large-area detector for precision time-of-flight measurements |
Amount | € 2,696,000 (EUR) |
Funding ID | 291175 |
Organisation | European Research Council (ERC) |
Sector | Public |
Country | Belgium |
Start | 05/2012 |
End | 06/2016 |
Description | Upgrades of the Tracker and Trigger of the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC |
Amount | £1,135,033 (GBP) |
Funding ID | ST/K003216/1 |
Organisation | Science and Technologies Facilities Council (STFC) |
Sector | Public |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 03/2013 |
End | 04/2017 |
Title | Grid |
Description | Development of Grid computing tools to enable handling of large datasets |
Type Of Material | Improvements to research infrastructure |
Year Produced | 2012 |
Provided To Others? | Yes |
Impact | Ongoing activity |
URL | http://mossaic.org |
Title | Metadata |
Description | Developments with using CouchDB |
Type Of Material | Data handling & control |
Year Produced | 2010 |
Provided To Others? | Yes |
Impact | ongoing |
URL | http://mossaic.org |
Description | CMS |
Organisation | European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) |
Department | Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) |
Country | Switzerland |
Sector | Public |
PI Contribution | Shared analysis and detector contributions |
Collaborator Contribution | Shared analysis and detector contributions |
Impact | see publication list |
Description | LHCb |
Organisation | European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) |
Department | Large Hadron Collider Beauty Experiment (LHCb) |
Country | Switzerland |
Sector | Public |
PI Contribution | Scientific collaboration |
Collaborator Contribution | Shared analysis and building on experiment |
Impact | see list of papers |
Start Year | 2006 |
Description | NA62 |
Organisation | European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) |
Department | NA62 Rare Kaon-Decay Experiment |
Country | Switzerland |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Detector development |
Collaborator Contribution | Detector development & analysis |
Impact | http://na62.web.cern.ch/NA62/Documents/ReferenceDocuments.html |
Start Year | 2008 |