The Exploitation and Upgrade of the CMS and LHCb Experiments, Detector R&D and NA62
Lead Research Organisation:
University of Bristol
Department Name: Physics
Abstract
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the largest particle accelerator to be built at CERN. It is the highest energy particle accelerator ever built, with a 27 km circumference, 100 m underground, straddling the French and Swiss border outside of Geneva. It will smash together protons travelling at 99.999999% of the speed of light 40 million times per second. With this machine, conditions similar to those a billionth of a second after the Big Bang will be reproduced. The Bristol particle physics group participate in 2 of the major experiments at the LHC, CMS and LHCb. The LHC is a discovery machine. The Standard Model of particle physics has been extremey successful in describing the physics of the Universe to date, but we know it to be incomplete. The Standard Model does not explain dark matter or dark energy, neutrino oscillations, or why the matter left in the universe wasn't destroyed by antimatter created at the big bang. The Standard Model recognizes four forces: electromagnetic force; the weak nuclear force; the strong nuclear force as well as gravity. It is believed that these forces could be different manifestation of something more fundamental. With the highest energies created to date, collisions at the LHC will push forward the frontiers of particle physics where we hope to find new physics particles and processes to explain these phenomenon. The Bristol group will be at the fore of answering these fundamental questions. The physics opportunities demand the development of novel sensors, detector systems and advanced computing techniques. These developments are at the cutting edge of technology. The Bristol group will be at the forefront in developing these systems for future experiments but also ensuring the knowledge generated will be transferred to the wider economy for enhanced productivity and economic growth.
Publications
Collaboration T
(2013)
Identification of b-quark jets with the CMS experiment
in Journal of Instrumentation
Compton K
(2012)
The MP7 and CTP-6: multi-hundred Gbps processing boards for calorimeter trigger upgrades at CMS
in Journal of Instrumentation
Cussans D
(2012)
Tests with the CMS Binary Chip (CBC)
in Journal of Instrumentation
Frazier R
(2012)
Software and firmware for controlling CMS trigger and readout hardware via gigabit Ethernet
in Physics Procedia
Frazier R
(2012)
A demonstration of a Time Multiplexed Trigger for the CMS experiment
in Journal of Instrumentation
Hydomako R
(2011)
Antihydrogen detection in ALPHA
in Hyperfine Interactions
Khachatryan V
(2010)
CMS tracking performance results from early LHC operation
in The European Physical Journal C
Khachatryan V
(2015)
Measurement of the production cross section ratio s(?b2(1P))/s(?b1(1P)) in pp collisions at s = 8 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Khachatryan V
(2011)
Search for heavy stable charged particles in pp collisions at $ \sqrt {s} = 7\;{\text{TeV}} $
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2015)
Search for physics beyond the standard model in final states with a lepton and missing transverse energy in proton-proton collisions at s = 8 TeV
in Physical Review D
Khachatryan V
(2011)
First measurement of the cross section for top-quark pair production in proton-proton collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Khachatryan V
(2010)
Observation of long-range, near-side angular correlations in proton-proton collisions at the LHC
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2015)
Measurements of differential and double-differential Drell-Yan cross sections in proton-proton collisions at [Formula: see text][Formula: see text].
in The European physical journal. C, Particles and fields
Khachatryan V
(2011)
Strange particle production in pp collisions at $ \sqrt {s} = 0.9 $ and 7 TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2014)
Searches for electroweak neutralino and chargino production in channels with Higgs, Z , and W bosons in p p collisions at 8 TeV
in Physical Review D
Khachatryan V
(2011)
Measurement of the B(+) production cross section in pp collisions at sqrt[s]=7 TeV.
in Physical review letters
Khachatryan V
(2014)
Search for massive resonances in dijet systems containing jets tagged as W or Z boson decays in pp collisions at s $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 8 TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2011)
Search for pair production of second-generation scalar leptoquarks in pp collisions at vs = 7 TeV.
in Physical review letters
Khachatryan V
(2015)
Search for long-lived neutral particles decaying to quark-antiquark pairs in proton-proton collisions at s = 8 TeV
in Physical Review D
Khachatryan V
(2015)
Measurement of the pp ? ZZ production cross section and constraints on anomalous triple gauge couplings in four-lepton final states at s = 8 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Khachatryan V
(2015)
Study of vector boson scattering and search for new physics in events with two same-sign leptons and two jets.
in Physical review letters
Khachatryan V
(2015)
Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton-proton collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Khachatryan V
(2010)
First measurement of Bose-Einstein correlations in proton-proton collisions at vs=0.9 and 2.36 TeV at the LHC.
in Physical review letters
Khachatryan V
(2010)
First measurement of the underlying event activity at the LHC with $\sqrt{s} = 0.9$ TeV
in The European Physical Journal C
Khachatryan V
(2011)
Prompt and non-prompt J/? production in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 7$ TeV
in The European Physical Journal C
Khachatryan V
(2011)
Measurement of Bose-Einstein correlations in pp collisions at $ \sqrt {s} = 0.9 $ and 7 TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2015)
Measurement of the ratio of the production cross sections times branching fractions of B c ± ? J/?p ± and B± ? J/?K ± and B B c ± ? J / ? p ± p ± p ± / B B c ± ? J / ? p ± $$ \mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left({\mathrm{B}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{\pm}\to \mathrm{J}/\psi {\pi}^{\pm }{\pi}^{\pm }{\pi}^{\mp}\right)/\mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left({\mathrm{B}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{\pm}\to \mathrm{J}/\psi {\pi}^{\pm}\right) $$ in pp collisions at s = 7 $$ \
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2011)
Search for supersymmetry in pp collisions at 7 TeV in events with jets and missing transverse energy
in Physics Letters B
Khachatryan V
(2011)
Upsilon production cross section in p p collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physical Review D
Khachatryan V
(2010)
Measurement of the charge ratio of atmospheric muons with the CMS detector
in Physics Letters B
Khachatryan V
(2014)
Constraints on the Higgs boson width from off-shell production and decay to Z-boson pairs
in Physics Letters B
Khachatryan V
(2015)
Search for a standard model-like Higgs boson in the µ + µ - and e + e - decay channels at the LHC
in Physics Letters B
Khachatryan V
(2011)
Search for microscopic black hole signatures at the Large Hadron Collider
in Physics Letters B
Khachatryan V
(2015)
Constraints on parton distribution functions and extraction of the strong coupling constant from the inclusive jet cross section in pp collisions at [Formula: see text][Formula: see text].
in The European physical journal. C, Particles and fields
Khachatryan V
(2014)
Measurement of prompt J/? pair production in pp collisions at s $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 7 Tev
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2015)
Search for dark matter, extra dimensions, and unparticles in monojet events in proton-proton collisions at [Formula: see text][Formula: see text].
in The European physical journal. C, Particles and fields
Khachatryan V
(2015)
Search for stealth supersymmetry in events with jets, either photons or leptons, and low missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at 8 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Khachatryan V
(2015)
Search for pair-produced resonances decaying to jet pairs in proton-proton collisions at s = 8 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Khachatryan V
(2014)
Searches for heavy Higgs bosons in two-Higgs-doublet models and for t ? c h decay using multilepton and diphoton final states in p p collisions at 8 TeV
in Physical Review D
Khachatryan V
(2014)
Search for excited quarks in the ? + jet final state in proton-proton collisions at s = 8 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Khachatryan V
(2011)
Measurement of the isolated prompt photon production cross section in pp collisions at vs=7 TeV.
in Physical review letters
Khachatryan V
(2014)
Search for massive resonances decaying into pairs of boosted bosons in semi-leptonic final states at s $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 8 TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2015)
Search for physics beyond the standard model in dilepton mass spectra in proton-proton collisions at s = 8 $$ \sqrt{s}=8 $$ TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2011)
Publisher's Note: Search for Dijet Resonances in 7 TeV p p Collisions at CMS [Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 , 211801 (2010)]
in Physical Review Letters
Khachatryan V
(2014)
Search for standard model production of four top quarks in the lepton + jets channel in pp collisions at s = 8 $$ \sqrt{s}=8 $$ TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2014)
Search for neutral MSSM Higgs bosons decaying to a pair of tau leptons in pp collisions
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2015)
Measurements of jet multiplicity and differential production cross sections of Z + jets events in proton-proton collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physical Review D
Khachatryan V
(2015)
Search for displaced supersymmetry in events with an electron and a muon with large impact parameters.
in Physical review letters
Khachatryan V
(2014)
Erratum: Search for the associated production of the Higgs boson with a top-quark pair
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Khachatryan V
(2011)
Charged particle multiplicities in pp interactions at $ \sqrt {s} = 0.9 $ , 2.36, and 7 TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Description | The LHC has dominated the field during the review period, starting in 2009 after around fifteen years of preparation. The group made major contributions to the design, construction and commissioning of the CMS experiment. Bristol physicists have played a leading role in early data taking at CMS, with a significant contribution to several analyses, as well as taking on a number of roles within physics management. The group's physics programme encompasses both Standard Model measurements and searches for new physics in 'conventional' and 'exotic' channels. The group successfully targeted a number of analyses designed to make use of the early data in 2010, and has continued to provide leadership in these areas whilst also turning towards higher luminosity studies with systematic limitations. Group members also play a wider role in the scrutiny of CMS output, serving in numerous formal analysis review and editorial roles. Flavour physics has unique sensitivity to physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM). BSM particles can affect quark flavour changes through loop processes. Crucially, there is no kinematic cut-off for the masses inside the loops. This approach is therefore sensitive to new particles far heavier than those directly produced at even the highest-energy colliders - it allows us to see beyond the energy frontier. The more precisely we measure these processes, the further we can see. TheFlavour Physics group therefore had a comprehensive programme of beauty, charm and kaon physics at the precision frontier. The group has significant expertise in solid-state tracking detectors, both silicon and diamond, and has developed the infrastructure and skills to play a major role in the advancement of this technology. In this programme we have capitalised on Bristol's strengths in electronics and mechanical design, and have also begun new activities with gas ionisation sensors optimised for low cost and robustness. We exploit opportunities to contribute to future projects and upgrades of existing experiments, and to transfer particle physics technology to industry, the public sector, and other academic disciplines. |
Exploitation Route | Collaboration with Diamond Detectors Limited, to design and produce a very fast, diamond based spectroscopy system. This system will have significantly improved radiation hardness and count rates over existing detectors. It makes use of detector and readout technologies developed both in industry and within the group, and will open new markets in the medical, security and energy sectors. Development of a muon tomography system for the detection of illicit Special Nuclear Materials, in conjunction with the Atomic Weapons Establishment. The fine-pitch RPC technology developed is under study for several other industrial applications. The use of Grid computing technology in the modelling and economic impact assessment of landslides in developing countries. |
Sectors | Aerospace, Defence and Marine,Electronics,Pharmaceuticals and Medical Biotechnology,Other |
Description | CASE studentships. optimisation of mass storage systems & structural stability of lightweight carbon fibre structures with RAL. Development of a very fast, diamond based spectroscopy device) Diamond Detectors Ltd (DDL), Poole. Muon topography (AWE) |
First Year Of Impact | 2011 |
Sector | Aerospace, Defence and Marine,Electronics,Energy,Pharmaceuticals and Medical Biotechnology,Other |
Impact Types | Societal,Economic |
Description | A large-area detector for precision time-of-flight measurements |
Amount | € 2,696,000 (EUR) |
Funding ID | 291175 |
Organisation | European Research Council (ERC) |
Sector | Public |
Country | Belgium |
Start | 05/2012 |
End | 06/2016 |
Description | Upgrades of the Tracker and Trigger of the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC |
Amount | £1,135,033 (GBP) |
Funding ID | ST/K003216/1 |
Organisation | Science and Technologies Facilities Council (STFC) |
Sector | Public |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 03/2013 |
End | 04/2017 |
Title | Grid |
Description | Development of Grid computing tools to enable handling of large datasets |
Type Of Material | Improvements to research infrastructure |
Year Produced | 2012 |
Provided To Others? | Yes |
Impact | Ongoing activity |
URL | http://mossaic.org |
Title | Metadata |
Description | Developments with using CouchDB |
Type Of Material | Data handling & control |
Year Produced | 2010 |
Provided To Others? | Yes |
Impact | ongoing |
URL | http://mossaic.org |
Description | CMS |
Organisation | European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) |
Department | Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) |
Country | Switzerland |
Sector | Public |
PI Contribution | Shared analysis and detector contributions |
Collaborator Contribution | Shared analysis and detector contributions |
Impact | see publication list |
Description | LHCb |
Organisation | European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) |
Department | Large Hadron Collider Beauty Experiment (LHCb) |
Country | Switzerland |
Sector | Public |
PI Contribution | Scientific collaboration |
Collaborator Contribution | Shared analysis and building on experiment |
Impact | see list of papers |
Start Year | 2006 |
Description | NA62 |
Organisation | European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) |
Department | NA62 Rare Kaon-Decay Experiment |
Country | Switzerland |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Detector development |
Collaborator Contribution | Detector development & analysis |
Impact | http://na62.web.cern.ch/NA62/Documents/ReferenceDocuments.html |
Start Year | 2008 |