Capital funding for CTA-UK programme
Lead Research Organisation:
University of Liverpool
Department Name: Physics
Abstract
The Universe is full of particles with such high energies that they are travelling at very close to the speed of light. These
particles play a significant role in many areas of astrophysics, from the life-cycles of stars to the evolution of galaxies.
The paths of these particles are hard to trace, but they can reveal their presence by producing gamma rays. Like their lower-energy cousins, X-rays, gamma rays do not penetrate the Earth's atmosphere and usually satellite-based telescopes are used to detect
them. However, at very high energies (VHE), gamma rays are extremely rare, and detecting them using spacecraft becomes
impossible - the chance they would hit a reasonably sized satellite is just too small. Luckily, it is possible to observe them from the ground via the flashes of blue light, Cherenkov radiation, they produce when they interact in the atmosphere. The glow of this Cherenkov radiation is 10,000 times fainter than starlight, so telescopes are needed to observe it, and because the flashes last only a few billionths of a second, ultra-fast cameras are needed to record them.
We know from current ground-based gamma-ray telescopes such as HESS that there is a wealth of phenomena to be
studied using gamma rays. VHE gamma ray telescopes have detected the remains of supernova explosions, binary star systems, highly energetic jets of particles produced by black holes in distant galaxies, star formation regions, and many other objects. These
observations can help us to understand not only what is going on inside these objects, but also answer fundamental physics relating to the nature of dark matter and of space-time itself. However, we have now reached the limit of what can be done with current instruments, and so about 1000 scientists from 29 countries around the world have come together to build a new instrument - the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA).
CTA will offer a dramatic increase in sensitivity over current instruments, and extend the range of the gamma rays observed to both lower and higher energies. It is predicted that the catalogue of known VHE emitting objects will expand from the 130 known to over 1000, and we can expect many new discoveries in key areas of astrophysics and fundamental physics research. To achieve the wide energy range we require of CTA, it is necessary to build telescopes of three different sizes: 4 m diameter small-sized telescopes (SSTs), 12 m medium-sized telescopes (MSTs) and 23 m large-sized telescopes (LSTs). CTA will consist of two arrays of telescopes, one in the northern hemisphere and one in the southern hemisphere. The northern array will consist of 4 LSTs and 20 MSTs. The southern array will contain similar numbers of large and medium sized telescopes, but add to them an extensive array of 70 SSTs, specifically to investigate the highest energy phenomena which can be observed preferentially from the southern hemisphere. The SSTs will detect the highest energy photons ever seen, with energies approaching a peta-electronvolt, each a thousand billion times more energetic than an X-ray. Production of prototype CTA telescopes in now underway, with full-scale construction of the arrays expected to start in 2016.
There are currently 11 UK universities involved in CTA. The UK groups are concentrating their efforts on the construction of
the SSTs. We have already produced an innovative dual-mirror SST design, which is now being built in sight of the Eiffel Tower in
Paris. In this proposal we request funds to further develop the camera we have designed for this telescope and to support development by UK industry of the mirrors needed for it.
particles play a significant role in many areas of astrophysics, from the life-cycles of stars to the evolution of galaxies.
The paths of these particles are hard to trace, but they can reveal their presence by producing gamma rays. Like their lower-energy cousins, X-rays, gamma rays do not penetrate the Earth's atmosphere and usually satellite-based telescopes are used to detect
them. However, at very high energies (VHE), gamma rays are extremely rare, and detecting them using spacecraft becomes
impossible - the chance they would hit a reasonably sized satellite is just too small. Luckily, it is possible to observe them from the ground via the flashes of blue light, Cherenkov radiation, they produce when they interact in the atmosphere. The glow of this Cherenkov radiation is 10,000 times fainter than starlight, so telescopes are needed to observe it, and because the flashes last only a few billionths of a second, ultra-fast cameras are needed to record them.
We know from current ground-based gamma-ray telescopes such as HESS that there is a wealth of phenomena to be
studied using gamma rays. VHE gamma ray telescopes have detected the remains of supernova explosions, binary star systems, highly energetic jets of particles produced by black holes in distant galaxies, star formation regions, and many other objects. These
observations can help us to understand not only what is going on inside these objects, but also answer fundamental physics relating to the nature of dark matter and of space-time itself. However, we have now reached the limit of what can be done with current instruments, and so about 1000 scientists from 29 countries around the world have come together to build a new instrument - the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA).
CTA will offer a dramatic increase in sensitivity over current instruments, and extend the range of the gamma rays observed to both lower and higher energies. It is predicted that the catalogue of known VHE emitting objects will expand from the 130 known to over 1000, and we can expect many new discoveries in key areas of astrophysics and fundamental physics research. To achieve the wide energy range we require of CTA, it is necessary to build telescopes of three different sizes: 4 m diameter small-sized telescopes (SSTs), 12 m medium-sized telescopes (MSTs) and 23 m large-sized telescopes (LSTs). CTA will consist of two arrays of telescopes, one in the northern hemisphere and one in the southern hemisphere. The northern array will consist of 4 LSTs and 20 MSTs. The southern array will contain similar numbers of large and medium sized telescopes, but add to them an extensive array of 70 SSTs, specifically to investigate the highest energy phenomena which can be observed preferentially from the southern hemisphere. The SSTs will detect the highest energy photons ever seen, with energies approaching a peta-electronvolt, each a thousand billion times more energetic than an X-ray. Production of prototype CTA telescopes in now underway, with full-scale construction of the arrays expected to start in 2016.
There are currently 11 UK universities involved in CTA. The UK groups are concentrating their efforts on the construction of
the SSTs. We have already produced an innovative dual-mirror SST design, which is now being built in sight of the Eiffel Tower in
Paris. In this proposal we request funds to further develop the camera we have designed for this telescope and to support development by UK industry of the mirrors needed for it.
Planned Impact
In addition to the applications under investigation from the ongoing CTA-UK programme (high speed amplifier applications, rapidly pulsed LEDs, outreach developments including a UK website and the production of leaflets describing CTA and planetarium resources) the funding requested here will hopefully in result in development of a UK capability to produce mirrors for CTA as well as further camera development. This will provide opportunities for UK industry to be involved in CTA construction. Elements of the camera (for example the enclosure and the required printed circuit boards) will be contracted out to industry. Mirrors must be produced not only for the GCTs but also for the large and medium sized telescopes.
Organisations
- University of Liverpool (Lead Research Organisation)
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF LEICESTER (Collaboration)
- Nagoya University (Collaboration)
- Aix-Marseille University (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD (Collaboration)
- National Center for Scientific Research (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS) (Collaboration)
- Max Planck Society (Collaboration)
- DURHAM UNIVERSITY (Collaboration)
- GLYNDWR UNIVERSITY (Collaboration)
- University of Amsterdam (Collaboration)
- University of Adelaide (Collaboration)
- Observatory of Paris (Collaboration)
People |
ORCID iD |
Timothy Greenshaw (Principal Investigator) |
Publications
Acharyya A
(2019)
Monte Carlo studies for the optimisation of the Cherenkov Telescope Array layout
in Astroparticle Physics
Lapington J
(2017)
The GCT camera for the Cherenkov Telescope Array
in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
Dournaux J
(2017)
Operating performance of the gamma-ray Cherenkov telescope: An end-to-end Schwarzschild-Couder telescope prototype for the Cherenkov Telescope Array
in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
De Franco A.
(2015)
The first GCT camera for the cherenkov telescope array
in Proceedings of Science
Description | Equipment was purchased that enabled the construction of fast pre-amplifiers and shapers for the Compact High-energy Camera (CHEC) of the Gamma-ray Cherenkov Telescope (GCT). Equipment was purchased which enabled the proof-of-principle of a new technique for the construction of aspherical glass mirrors for the GCT. |
Exploitation Route | Continuing development for CTA telescopes. |
Sectors | Aerospace Defence and Marine Security and Diplomacy |
Description | Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) |
Organisation | Durham University |
Department | Department of Physics |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Proposal of Dual Mirror design for Small Size Telescopes (SSTs) for CTA. First mechanical and optical designs of Dual Mirror SSTs. Leadership of SST project within CTA. Contributions to physics studies for CTA. Leadership for five years and then continuing contributions to overall array simulation and design. Leadership of outreach for CTA. Collaboration Board and Project Committee membership. |
Collaborator Contribution | Remainder of project with nearly 1500 physicists from 224 institutes in 33 coutries (as of March 2016), including: Design of Large, Medium and other Small Size Telescopes (LSTs, MSTs and SSTs, respectively). Studies of physics that CTA will carry out. Data processing for CTA. Site search and negotions, design of array infrastructure. Develoment of legal framework for CTA Observatory. |
Impact | Design of telescope sstructure, camera, and mirrors. Astrophsyics outreach in the UK and internationally. PhD students. |
Description | Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) |
Organisation | Observatory of Paris |
Country | France |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Proposal of Dual Mirror design for Small Size Telescopes (SSTs) for CTA. First mechanical and optical designs of Dual Mirror SSTs. Leadership of SST project within CTA. Contributions to physics studies for CTA. Leadership for five years and then continuing contributions to overall array simulation and design. Leadership of outreach for CTA. Collaboration Board and Project Committee membership. |
Collaborator Contribution | Remainder of project with nearly 1500 physicists from 224 institutes in 33 coutries (as of March 2016), including: Design of Large, Medium and other Small Size Telescopes (LSTs, MSTs and SSTs, respectively). Studies of physics that CTA will carry out. Data processing for CTA. Site search and negotions, design of array infrastructure. Develoment of legal framework for CTA Observatory. |
Impact | Design of telescope sstructure, camera, and mirrors. Astrophsyics outreach in the UK and internationally. PhD students. |
Description | Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) |
Organisation | University of Leicester |
Department | Department of Physics & Astronomy |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Proposal of Dual Mirror design for Small Size Telescopes (SSTs) for CTA. First mechanical and optical designs of Dual Mirror SSTs. Leadership of SST project within CTA. Contributions to physics studies for CTA. Leadership for five years and then continuing contributions to overall array simulation and design. Leadership of outreach for CTA. Collaboration Board and Project Committee membership. |
Collaborator Contribution | Remainder of project with nearly 1500 physicists from 224 institutes in 33 coutries (as of March 2016), including: Design of Large, Medium and other Small Size Telescopes (LSTs, MSTs and SSTs, respectively). Studies of physics that CTA will carry out. Data processing for CTA. Site search and negotions, design of array infrastructure. Develoment of legal framework for CTA Observatory. |
Impact | Design of telescope sstructure, camera, and mirrors. Astrophsyics outreach in the UK and internationally. PhD students. |
Description | Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) |
Organisation | University of Oxford |
Department | Department of Physics |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Proposal of Dual Mirror design for Small Size Telescopes (SSTs) for CTA. First mechanical and optical designs of Dual Mirror SSTs. Leadership of SST project within CTA. Contributions to physics studies for CTA. Leadership for five years and then continuing contributions to overall array simulation and design. Leadership of outreach for CTA. Collaboration Board and Project Committee membership. |
Collaborator Contribution | Remainder of project with nearly 1500 physicists from 224 institutes in 33 coutries (as of March 2016), including: Design of Large, Medium and other Small Size Telescopes (LSTs, MSTs and SSTs, respectively). Studies of physics that CTA will carry out. Data processing for CTA. Site search and negotions, design of array infrastructure. Develoment of legal framework for CTA Observatory. |
Impact | Design of telescope sstructure, camera, and mirrors. Astrophsyics outreach in the UK and internationally. PhD students. |
Description | Compact High Energy Camera |
Organisation | Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg |
Country | Germany |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Lead design and construction of camera for GCT telescope. |
Collaborator Contribution | Electronics testing. Software development. |
Impact | Design of camera. Prototype camera. |
Start Year | 2015 |
Description | Compact High Energy Camera |
Organisation | Max Planck Society |
Department | Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics |
Country | Germany |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Lead design and construction of camera for GCT telescope. |
Collaborator Contribution | Electronics testing. Software development. |
Impact | Design of camera. Prototype camera. |
Start Year | 2015 |
Description | Compact High Energy Camera |
Organisation | Nagoya University |
Country | Japan |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Lead design and construction of camera for GCT telescope. |
Collaborator Contribution | Electronics testing. Software development. |
Impact | Design of camera. Prototype camera. |
Start Year | 2015 |
Description | Compact High Energy Camera |
Organisation | University of Adelaide |
Country | Australia |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Lead design and construction of camera for GCT telescope. |
Collaborator Contribution | Electronics testing. Software development. |
Impact | Design of camera. Prototype camera. |
Start Year | 2015 |
Description | Compact High Energy Camera |
Organisation | University of Amsterdam |
Country | Netherlands |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Lead design and construction of camera for GCT telescope. |
Collaborator Contribution | Electronics testing. Software development. |
Impact | Design of camera. Prototype camera. |
Start Year | 2015 |
Description | Gamma-ray Cherenkov Telescope |
Organisation | Aix-Marseille University |
Country | France |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Design of the first mechanical structure of the GCT. Optical design of the GCT. Design and construction of multi-anode based compact high energy camera (CHEC) for the GCT, CHEC-M. Lab testing of CHEC-M. Installation of CHAC-M on the prototype telescope. Detection of air showers with the GCT and its camera. Testing of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) for the SiPM based GCT camera, CHEC-S. Design and test of the CHEC-S frant-end electronics. Contributions to simulation of the GCT and studies of physics using the GCT. |
Collaborator Contribution | Design of the prototype telescope structure. Construction of telescope on the Meudon site of the Paris Observatory. Construction of the GCT mirrors. Monte Carlo simulations for the GCT. Back end electronics for CHEC. |
Impact | Prototype telescope and camera for CTA. Publications. Outreach in Ile de France area. |
Start Year | 2014 |
Description | Gamma-ray Cherenkov Telescope |
Organisation | Durham University |
Department | Department of Physics |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Design of the first mechanical structure of the GCT. Optical design of the GCT. Design and construction of multi-anode based compact high energy camera (CHEC) for the GCT, CHEC-M. Lab testing of CHEC-M. Installation of CHAC-M on the prototype telescope. Detection of air showers with the GCT and its camera. Testing of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) for the SiPM based GCT camera, CHEC-S. Design and test of the CHEC-S frant-end electronics. Contributions to simulation of the GCT and studies of physics using the GCT. |
Collaborator Contribution | Design of the prototype telescope structure. Construction of telescope on the Meudon site of the Paris Observatory. Construction of the GCT mirrors. Monte Carlo simulations for the GCT. Back end electronics for CHEC. |
Impact | Prototype telescope and camera for CTA. Publications. Outreach in Ile de France area. |
Start Year | 2014 |
Description | Gamma-ray Cherenkov Telescope |
Organisation | Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg |
Country | Germany |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Design of the first mechanical structure of the GCT. Optical design of the GCT. Design and construction of multi-anode based compact high energy camera (CHEC) for the GCT, CHEC-M. Lab testing of CHEC-M. Installation of CHAC-M on the prototype telescope. Detection of air showers with the GCT and its camera. Testing of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) for the SiPM based GCT camera, CHEC-S. Design and test of the CHEC-S frant-end electronics. Contributions to simulation of the GCT and studies of physics using the GCT. |
Collaborator Contribution | Design of the prototype telescope structure. Construction of telescope on the Meudon site of the Paris Observatory. Construction of the GCT mirrors. Monte Carlo simulations for the GCT. Back end electronics for CHEC. |
Impact | Prototype telescope and camera for CTA. Publications. Outreach in Ile de France area. |
Start Year | 2014 |
Description | Gamma-ray Cherenkov Telescope |
Organisation | Max Planck Society |
Department | Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics |
Country | Germany |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Design of the first mechanical structure of the GCT. Optical design of the GCT. Design and construction of multi-anode based compact high energy camera (CHEC) for the GCT, CHEC-M. Lab testing of CHEC-M. Installation of CHAC-M on the prototype telescope. Detection of air showers with the GCT and its camera. Testing of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) for the SiPM based GCT camera, CHEC-S. Design and test of the CHEC-S frant-end electronics. Contributions to simulation of the GCT and studies of physics using the GCT. |
Collaborator Contribution | Design of the prototype telescope structure. Construction of telescope on the Meudon site of the Paris Observatory. Construction of the GCT mirrors. Monte Carlo simulations for the GCT. Back end electronics for CHEC. |
Impact | Prototype telescope and camera for CTA. Publications. Outreach in Ile de France area. |
Start Year | 2014 |
Description | Gamma-ray Cherenkov Telescope |
Organisation | Nagoya University |
Country | Japan |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Design of the first mechanical structure of the GCT. Optical design of the GCT. Design and construction of multi-anode based compact high energy camera (CHEC) for the GCT, CHEC-M. Lab testing of CHEC-M. Installation of CHAC-M on the prototype telescope. Detection of air showers with the GCT and its camera. Testing of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) for the SiPM based GCT camera, CHEC-S. Design and test of the CHEC-S frant-end electronics. Contributions to simulation of the GCT and studies of physics using the GCT. |
Collaborator Contribution | Design of the prototype telescope structure. Construction of telescope on the Meudon site of the Paris Observatory. Construction of the GCT mirrors. Monte Carlo simulations for the GCT. Back end electronics for CHEC. |
Impact | Prototype telescope and camera for CTA. Publications. Outreach in Ile de France area. |
Start Year | 2014 |
Description | Gamma-ray Cherenkov Telescope |
Organisation | National Center for Scientific Research (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS) |
Department | IN2P3 CNRS |
Country | France |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Design of the first mechanical structure of the GCT. Optical design of the GCT. Design and construction of multi-anode based compact high energy camera (CHEC) for the GCT, CHEC-M. Lab testing of CHEC-M. Installation of CHAC-M on the prototype telescope. Detection of air showers with the GCT and its camera. Testing of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) for the SiPM based GCT camera, CHEC-S. Design and test of the CHEC-S frant-end electronics. Contributions to simulation of the GCT and studies of physics using the GCT. |
Collaborator Contribution | Design of the prototype telescope structure. Construction of telescope on the Meudon site of the Paris Observatory. Construction of the GCT mirrors. Monte Carlo simulations for the GCT. Back end electronics for CHEC. |
Impact | Prototype telescope and camera for CTA. Publications. Outreach in Ile de France area. |
Start Year | 2014 |
Description | Gamma-ray Cherenkov Telescope |
Organisation | Observatory of Paris |
Country | France |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Design of the first mechanical structure of the GCT. Optical design of the GCT. Design and construction of multi-anode based compact high energy camera (CHEC) for the GCT, CHEC-M. Lab testing of CHEC-M. Installation of CHAC-M on the prototype telescope. Detection of air showers with the GCT and its camera. Testing of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) for the SiPM based GCT camera, CHEC-S. Design and test of the CHEC-S frant-end electronics. Contributions to simulation of the GCT and studies of physics using the GCT. |
Collaborator Contribution | Design of the prototype telescope structure. Construction of telescope on the Meudon site of the Paris Observatory. Construction of the GCT mirrors. Monte Carlo simulations for the GCT. Back end electronics for CHEC. |
Impact | Prototype telescope and camera for CTA. Publications. Outreach in Ile de France area. |
Start Year | 2014 |
Description | Gamma-ray Cherenkov Telescope |
Organisation | University of Adelaide |
Country | Australia |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Design of the first mechanical structure of the GCT. Optical design of the GCT. Design and construction of multi-anode based compact high energy camera (CHEC) for the GCT, CHEC-M. Lab testing of CHEC-M. Installation of CHAC-M on the prototype telescope. Detection of air showers with the GCT and its camera. Testing of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) for the SiPM based GCT camera, CHEC-S. Design and test of the CHEC-S frant-end electronics. Contributions to simulation of the GCT and studies of physics using the GCT. |
Collaborator Contribution | Design of the prototype telescope structure. Construction of telescope on the Meudon site of the Paris Observatory. Construction of the GCT mirrors. Monte Carlo simulations for the GCT. Back end electronics for CHEC. |
Impact | Prototype telescope and camera for CTA. Publications. Outreach in Ile de France area. |
Start Year | 2014 |
Description | Gamma-ray Cherenkov Telescope |
Organisation | University of Amsterdam |
Country | Netherlands |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Design of the first mechanical structure of the GCT. Optical design of the GCT. Design and construction of multi-anode based compact high energy camera (CHEC) for the GCT, CHEC-M. Lab testing of CHEC-M. Installation of CHAC-M on the prototype telescope. Detection of air showers with the GCT and its camera. Testing of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) for the SiPM based GCT camera, CHEC-S. Design and test of the CHEC-S frant-end electronics. Contributions to simulation of the GCT and studies of physics using the GCT. |
Collaborator Contribution | Design of the prototype telescope structure. Construction of telescope on the Meudon site of the Paris Observatory. Construction of the GCT mirrors. Monte Carlo simulations for the GCT. Back end electronics for CHEC. |
Impact | Prototype telescope and camera for CTA. Publications. Outreach in Ile de France area. |
Start Year | 2014 |
Description | Gamma-ray Cherenkov Telescope |
Organisation | University of Leicester |
Department | Department of Physics & Astronomy |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Design of the first mechanical structure of the GCT. Optical design of the GCT. Design and construction of multi-anode based compact high energy camera (CHEC) for the GCT, CHEC-M. Lab testing of CHEC-M. Installation of CHAC-M on the prototype telescope. Detection of air showers with the GCT and its camera. Testing of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) for the SiPM based GCT camera, CHEC-S. Design and test of the CHEC-S frant-end electronics. Contributions to simulation of the GCT and studies of physics using the GCT. |
Collaborator Contribution | Design of the prototype telescope structure. Construction of telescope on the Meudon site of the Paris Observatory. Construction of the GCT mirrors. Monte Carlo simulations for the GCT. Back end electronics for CHEC. |
Impact | Prototype telescope and camera for CTA. Publications. Outreach in Ile de France area. |
Start Year | 2014 |
Description | Gamma-ray Cherenkov Telescope |
Organisation | University of Oxford |
Department | Department of Physics |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Design of the first mechanical structure of the GCT. Optical design of the GCT. Design and construction of multi-anode based compact high energy camera (CHEC) for the GCT, CHEC-M. Lab testing of CHEC-M. Installation of CHAC-M on the prototype telescope. Detection of air showers with the GCT and its camera. Testing of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) for the SiPM based GCT camera, CHEC-S. Design and test of the CHEC-S frant-end electronics. Contributions to simulation of the GCT and studies of physics using the GCT. |
Collaborator Contribution | Design of the prototype telescope structure. Construction of telescope on the Meudon site of the Paris Observatory. Construction of the GCT mirrors. Monte Carlo simulations for the GCT. Back end electronics for CHEC. |
Impact | Prototype telescope and camera for CTA. Publications. Outreach in Ile de France area. |
Start Year | 2014 |
Description | Mirrors for CTA |
Organisation | Glyndwr University |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Specification of mirrors |
Collaborator Contribution | Mirror construction process, test mirrors. |
Impact | Test mirrors for study of production process |
Start Year | 2015 |