National Facility for Scientific Diving (NFSD)

Lead Research Organisation: Scottish Association For Marine Science
Department Name: UNLISTED

Abstract

Abstracts are not currently available in GtR for all funded research. This is normally because the abstract was not required at the time of proposal submission, but may be because it included sensitive information such as personal details.

Publications

10 25 50
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Calderwood J (2015) Effects of baited crab pots on cultivated mussel (Mytilus edulis) survival rates in ICES Journal of Marine Science

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Tsukasaki A (2015) Phosphorus behavior in sediments during a sub-seabed CO 2 controlled release experiment in International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

 
Description We developed, tested and implemented a number of innovative techniques and technologies that have improved the quality and quantity of scientific research that can be conducted underwater. Although there are numerous benefits for the scientist to be and work underwater, there are physical and physiological limits to the time that can be spent there. The use of new techniques such as, for example, stereophotogrammetry provided the opportunity to gather data quickly while underwater and then convert those data ino a format that supports the majority of the measurement and recording aspects of the research into the laboratory. This also means that non-diving scientists can now conduct their research without having to go underwater themselves.
Exploitation Route This project has finished. Most of the oututs are now being employed by commercially-based diving companies for indusry-led purposes. The uptake from academia is likely to be limited because of the withdrawal by NERC of block funding support for scientific diving.
Sectors Agriculture

Food and Drink

Communities and Social Services/Policy

Digital/Communication/Information Technologies (including Software)

Environment

Culture

Heritage

Museums and Collections

Transport

 
Description Research into Diving and hyperbaric medicine has impacts in the wider diving community beyond the area of scientific diving.
Sector Leisure Activities, including Sports, Recreation and Tourism,Pharmaceuticals and Medical Biotechnology
Impact Types Societal

 
Description ESF Exploratory Workshop
Amount € 20,000 (EUR)
Funding ID EW13-050 
Organisation European Science Foundation (ESF) 
Sector Charity/Non Profit
Country France
Start 03/2013 
End 03/2014
 
Description NERC Advanced Training Short Course
Amount £100,000 (GBP)
Funding ID NE/M006530/1 
Organisation Natural Environment Research Council 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 11/2014 
End 02/2015
 
Description NERC Advanced Training Short Course
Amount £90,307 (GBP)
Funding ID NE/N000846/1 
Organisation Natural Environment Research Council 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 09/2015 
End 03/2016
 
Description NERC Directed Reasearch Programme
Amount £1,665,754 (GBP)
Funding ID NE/H013911/1 
Organisation Natural Environment Research Council 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 03/2010 
End 06/2015
 
Description NERC Reserach Fellowship
Amount £473,172 (GBP)
Funding ID NE/K008439/1 
Organisation Natural Environment Research Council 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 03/2014 
End 03/2019
 
Description NERC Services and Facilities Capital Grant
Amount £66,000 (GBP)
Organisation Natural Environment Research Council 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 12/2009 
End 12/2009
 
Description NERC Services and Facilities Capital Grant
Amount £39,000 (GBP)
Organisation Natural Environment Research Council 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 05/2016 
End 03/2017
 
Description NERC Services and Facilities Capital Grant
Amount £141,000 (GBP)
Organisation Natural Environment Research Council 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 03/2012 
End 03/2013
 
Description NERC Services and Facilities Capital Grant
Amount £33,000 (GBP)
Organisation Natural Environment Research Council 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 03/2013 
End 03/2014
 
Description NERC Services and Facilities Capital Grant
Amount £75,000 (GBP)
Organisation Natural Environment Research Council 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 03/2014 
End 03/2015
 
Description NERC Services and Facilities Capital Grant
Amount £32,000 (GBP)
Organisation Natural Environment Research Council 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 05/2010 
End 08/2010
 
Description NERC Services and Facilities Capital Grant
Amount £59,000 (GBP)
Organisation Natural Environment Research Council 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 03/2015 
End 03/2016
 
Description NERC Services and Facilities Capital Grant
Amount £56,000 (GBP)
Organisation Natural Environment Research Council 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 03/2014 
End 03/2015
 
Description NERC Services and Facilities Capital Grant
Amount £98,000 (GBP)
Organisation Natural Environment Research Council 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 03/2006 
End 12/2007
 
Description NERC Standard Grant
Amount £321,639 (GBP)
Funding ID NE/G020310/1 
Organisation Natural Environment Research Council 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 01/2010 
End 09/2014
 
Description Postgraduate and Professional Skills Development Award
Amount £66,000 (GBP)
Organisation Natural Environment Research Council 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 03/2013 
End 03/2014
 
Description Algal and Oomycete Biodiversity and Ecology 
Organisation University of Aberdeen
Department School of Medical Sciences Aberdeen
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Providing diving support plus expertise in novel methodologies for recording and measuring complex algal communities underwater
Collaborator Contribution Scientific leads
Impact Sayer, M.D.J., Küpper, F.C., van West, P., Wilson, C.M., Brown, H. and Azzopardi, E. (2013). Managing scientific diving operations in a remote location: the Canadian high Arctic. Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine 43, 239-243. Yang, EC., Peters, AF., Kawai, H., Stern, R., Hanyuda, T., Barbara, I., Mueller, DG., Strittmatter, M., van Reine, WFPH. & Kuepper, FC. (2014). 'Ligulate Desmarestia (Desmarestiales, Phaeophyceae) revisited: D. japonica sp. nov. and D. dudresnayi differ from D. ligulata'. Journal of Phycology, vol 50, no. 1, pp. 149-166. Kawai, H., Hanyuda,T., Yamagishi, T., Kai, A., Lane, C.E., Mc Devit, D., Küpper, F.C. & Saunders, G.W. (2015). Reproductive morphology and DNA sequences of the brown alga Platysiphon verticillatus support the new combination Platysiphon glacialis. Journal of Phycology 51(5): 910-917 Kupper, F.C., Peters, A.F., Shewring, D.M., Sayer, M.D.J., Mystikou, A., Brown, H., Azzopardi, E., Dargent, O., Strittmatter, M., Brennan, D., Asensi, A.O., van West, P. and Wilce, R.T. (2016). Arctic marine phytobenthos of northern Baffin Island. Journal of Phycology 52, 532-549.
Start Year 2009
 
Description Benthic ecosystems and environmental change 
Organisation Aberystwyth University
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Diving support plus innovative methodologies for studying and measuring complex underwater ecosystems
Collaborator Contribution Science leads
Impact Smale, D. A, Burrows, M. T., Evans, A. J., King, N., Sayer, M. D. J., Yunnie, A. L. E., Moore, P. J. (2016) Linking environmental variables with regional-scale variability in ecological structure and standing stock of carbon within UK kelp forests. Marine Ecology Progress Series 542:79-95 Smale, D. A. & Moore, P. J. (2017) Variability in kelp forest structure along a latitudinal gradient in ocean temperature. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 486: 255-264
Start Year 2014
 
Description Benthic ecosystems and environmental change 
Organisation Marine Biological Association
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Diving support plus innovative methodologies for studying and measuring complex underwater ecosystems
Collaborator Contribution Science leads
Impact Smale, D. A, Burrows, M. T., Evans, A. J., King, N., Sayer, M. D. J., Yunnie, A. L. E., Moore, P. J. (2016) Linking environmental variables with regional-scale variability in ecological structure and standing stock of carbon within UK kelp forests. Marine Ecology Progress Series 542:79-95 Smale, D. A. & Moore, P. J. (2017) Variability in kelp forest structure along a latitudinal gradient in ocean temperature. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 486: 255-264
Start Year 2014
 
Description Improving marine growth estimates using 3D photogrammetry (NERC grant NE/R014698/1) 
Organisation Scottish Association For Marine Science
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Providing diving support and access to stereophotogrammetry techniques
Collaborator Contribution Research direction
Impact None - project starts in 2018
Start Year 2018
 
Description Palaeoceanography, marine palaeoecology and geochronology 
Organisation Bangor University
Department School of Ocean Sciences
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Diving support; development of accurate and intelligent sample collection methodologies that are improving the quality and extent of the paleoclimatic datasets
Collaborator Contribution Science leads
Impact Stott, K.J., Austin, W.E.N., Sayer, M.D.J., Weidman, C.R., Cage, A.G. and Wilson, R.J.S. (2010). The potential of Arctica islandica growth records to reconstruct coastal climate in north west Scotland, UK. Quaternary Science Reviews 29, 1602-1613. Reynolds, D.J., Butler, P.G., Williams, S.M., Scourse, J.D., Richardson, C.A., Wanamaker Jr, A.D., Austin, W.E., Cage, A.G., Sayer, M.D.J. (2013). A multiproxy reconstruction of Hebridean Shelf Sea spring sea surface temperatures from 1805-2010. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology 386, 275-285. Reynolds, D.J., Richardson, C.A., Scourse, J.D., Butler, P.G., Wanamaker Jr., A.D., Ridgway, I., Sayer, M.D.J. and Gulliver, P. (2013). The potential of the marine bivalve mollusc Glossus humanus (L.) as a sclerochronological archive. The Holocene 23, 1711-1720. Reynolds D.J., Hall, I.R., Slater, S., Scourse, J.D., Halloran, P.R. and Sayer, M.D.J. (2017). Reconstructing past seasonal to multi-centennial scale NE Atlantic Ocean variability using the long-lived marine bivalve mollusc Glycymeris glycymeris. Paleoceanography (in submission)
Start Year 2006
 
Description Palaeoceanography, marine palaeoecology and geochronology 
Organisation Cardiff University
Department School of Earth and Ocean Sciences
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Diving support; development of accurate and intelligent sample collection methodologies that are improving the quality and extent of the paleoclimatic datasets
Collaborator Contribution Science leads
Impact Stott, K.J., Austin, W.E.N., Sayer, M.D.J., Weidman, C.R., Cage, A.G. and Wilson, R.J.S. (2010). The potential of Arctica islandica growth records to reconstruct coastal climate in north west Scotland, UK. Quaternary Science Reviews 29, 1602-1613. Reynolds, D.J., Butler, P.G., Williams, S.M., Scourse, J.D., Richardson, C.A., Wanamaker Jr, A.D., Austin, W.E., Cage, A.G., Sayer, M.D.J. (2013). A multiproxy reconstruction of Hebridean Shelf Sea spring sea surface temperatures from 1805-2010. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology 386, 275-285. Reynolds, D.J., Richardson, C.A., Scourse, J.D., Butler, P.G., Wanamaker Jr., A.D., Ridgway, I., Sayer, M.D.J. and Gulliver, P. (2013). The potential of the marine bivalve mollusc Glossus humanus (L.) as a sclerochronological archive. The Holocene 23, 1711-1720. Reynolds D.J., Hall, I.R., Slater, S., Scourse, J.D., Halloran, P.R. and Sayer, M.D.J. (2017). Reconstructing past seasonal to multi-centennial scale NE Atlantic Ocean variability using the long-lived marine bivalve mollusc Glycymeris glycymeris. Paleoceanography (in submission)
Start Year 2006
 
Description Palaeoceanography, marine palaeoecology and geochronology 
Organisation Keele University
Department School of Life Sciences
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Diving support; development of accurate and intelligent sample collection methodologies that are improving the quality and extent of the paleoclimatic datasets
Collaborator Contribution Science leads
Impact Stott, K.J., Austin, W.E.N., Sayer, M.D.J., Weidman, C.R., Cage, A.G. and Wilson, R.J.S. (2010). The potential of Arctica islandica growth records to reconstruct coastal climate in north west Scotland, UK. Quaternary Science Reviews 29, 1602-1613. Reynolds, D.J., Butler, P.G., Williams, S.M., Scourse, J.D., Richardson, C.A., Wanamaker Jr, A.D., Austin, W.E., Cage, A.G., Sayer, M.D.J. (2013). A multiproxy reconstruction of Hebridean Shelf Sea spring sea surface temperatures from 1805-2010. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology 386, 275-285. Reynolds, D.J., Richardson, C.A., Scourse, J.D., Butler, P.G., Wanamaker Jr., A.D., Ridgway, I., Sayer, M.D.J. and Gulliver, P. (2013). The potential of the marine bivalve mollusc Glossus humanus (L.) as a sclerochronological archive. The Holocene 23, 1711-1720. Reynolds D.J., Hall, I.R., Slater, S., Scourse, J.D., Halloran, P.R. and Sayer, M.D.J. (2017). Reconstructing past seasonal to multi-centennial scale NE Atlantic Ocean variability using the long-lived marine bivalve mollusc Glycymeris glycymeris. Paleoceanography (in submission)
Start Year 2006
 
Description Palaeoceanography, marine palaeoecology and geochronology 
Organisation University of Exeter
Department Department of Geography
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Diving support; development of accurate and intelligent sample collection methodologies that are improving the quality and extent of the paleoclimatic datasets
Collaborator Contribution Science leads
Impact Stott, K.J., Austin, W.E.N., Sayer, M.D.J., Weidman, C.R., Cage, A.G. and Wilson, R.J.S. (2010). The potential of Arctica islandica growth records to reconstruct coastal climate in north west Scotland, UK. Quaternary Science Reviews 29, 1602-1613. Reynolds, D.J., Butler, P.G., Williams, S.M., Scourse, J.D., Richardson, C.A., Wanamaker Jr, A.D., Austin, W.E., Cage, A.G., Sayer, M.D.J. (2013). A multiproxy reconstruction of Hebridean Shelf Sea spring sea surface temperatures from 1805-2010. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology 386, 275-285. Reynolds, D.J., Richardson, C.A., Scourse, J.D., Butler, P.G., Wanamaker Jr., A.D., Ridgway, I., Sayer, M.D.J. and Gulliver, P. (2013). The potential of the marine bivalve mollusc Glossus humanus (L.) as a sclerochronological archive. The Holocene 23, 1711-1720. Reynolds D.J., Hall, I.R., Slater, S., Scourse, J.D., Halloran, P.R. and Sayer, M.D.J. (2017). Reconstructing past seasonal to multi-centennial scale NE Atlantic Ocean variability using the long-lived marine bivalve mollusc Glycymeris glycymeris. Paleoceanography (in submission)
Start Year 2006
 
Description Palaeoceanography, marine palaeoecology and geochronology 
Organisation University of St Andrews
Department School of Psychology & Neuroscience
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Diving support; development of accurate and intelligent sample collection methodologies that are improving the quality and extent of the paleoclimatic datasets
Collaborator Contribution Science leads
Impact Stott, K.J., Austin, W.E.N., Sayer, M.D.J., Weidman, C.R., Cage, A.G. and Wilson, R.J.S. (2010). The potential of Arctica islandica growth records to reconstruct coastal climate in north west Scotland, UK. Quaternary Science Reviews 29, 1602-1613. Reynolds, D.J., Butler, P.G., Williams, S.M., Scourse, J.D., Richardson, C.A., Wanamaker Jr, A.D., Austin, W.E., Cage, A.G., Sayer, M.D.J. (2013). A multiproxy reconstruction of Hebridean Shelf Sea spring sea surface temperatures from 1805-2010. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology 386, 275-285. Reynolds, D.J., Richardson, C.A., Scourse, J.D., Butler, P.G., Wanamaker Jr., A.D., Ridgway, I., Sayer, M.D.J. and Gulliver, P. (2013). The potential of the marine bivalve mollusc Glossus humanus (L.) as a sclerochronological archive. The Holocene 23, 1711-1720. Reynolds D.J., Hall, I.R., Slater, S., Scourse, J.D., Halloran, P.R. and Sayer, M.D.J. (2017). Reconstructing past seasonal to multi-centennial scale NE Atlantic Ocean variability using the long-lived marine bivalve mollusc Glycymeris glycymeris. Paleoceanography (in submission)
Start Year 2006
 
Description Quantifying and Monitoring Potential Ecosystem Impacts of Geological Carbon Storage 
Organisation British Geological Survey
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Diving support; advice an guidance in programme design and execution. Extensive sample collection, equipment deployments and maintenance.
Collaborator Contribution Science leads.
Impact Blackford, J., Stahl, H., Bull, J.M., Berges, B.J.B., Cevatoglu, M., Lichtschlag, A., Connelly, D., James, R.H., Kita, J., Long, D., Naylor, M., Shitashima, K., Smith, D., Taylor, P., Wright, I., Akhurst, M., Chen, B., Gernon, T.M., Hauton, C., Hayashi, M., Kaieda, H., Leighton, T.G., Sato, T., Sayer, M.D.J., Suzumura, M., Tait, K., Vardy, M.E., White, P.R. and Widdicombe, S. (2014). Detection and impacts of leakage from sub-seafloor deep geological carbon dioxide storage. Nature Climate Change 4, 1011-1016. Atamanchuk D, Tengberg A, Aleynik D, Fietzek P, Shitashima K, Lichtschlag A, Hall POJ, Stahl H (2015). Detection of CO2 leakage from a simulated sub-seabed storage site using three different types of pCO2 sensors. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 121-134. Bergès BJP, Leighton TG, White PR (2015). Passive acoustic quantification of gas fluxes during controlled gas release experiments. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 64-79. Cevatoglua M, Bull JM, Vardy ME, Gernon TM, Wright IC, Long D (2015). Gas migration pathways, controlling mechanisms and changes in sediment acoustic properties observed in a controlled sub-seabed CO2 release experiment. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 26-43. Dewar M, Sellami N, Chen B (2015). Dynamics of rising CO2 bubble plumes in the QICS field experiment: Part 2 - Modelling. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 52-63. Kita J, Stahl H, Hayashi M, Green T, Watanabe Y, Widdicombe S (2015). Benthic megafauna and CO2 bubble dynamics observed by underwater photography during a controlled sub-seabed release of CO2. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 202-209. Lichtschlag A, James RH, Stahl H, Connelly D (2015). Effect of a controlled sub-seabed release of CO2 on the biogeochemistry of shallow marine sediments, their pore waters, and the overlying water column. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 80-92. Maeda Y, Shitashima K, Sakamoto A (2015). Mapping observations using AUV and numerical simulations of leaked CO2 diffusion in sub-seabed CO2 release experiment at Ardmucknish Bay. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 143-152. Moria C, Satoa T, Kanoa Y, Oyamaa H, Aleynikc D, Tsumuned D, Maedad Y (2015). Numerical study of the fate of CO2 purposefully injected into the sediment and seeping from seafloor in Ardmucknish Bay. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 153-161. Pratt N, Ciotti BJ, Morgan EA, Taylor P, Stahl H, Hauton C (2015). No evidence for impacts to the molecular ecophysiology of ion or CO2 regulation in tissues of selected surface-dwelling bivalves in the vicinity of a sub-seabed CO2 release. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 193-201. Sellami N, Dewar M, Stahl H, Chen B (2015). Dynamics of rising CO2 bubble plumes in the QICS field experiment: Part 1 - The experiment. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 44-51. Shitashima K, Maeda Y, Sakamoto A (2015). Detection and monitoring of leaked CO2 through sediment, water column and atmosphere in a sub-seabed CCS experiment. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 135-142. Tait K, Stahl H, Taylor P, Widdicombe S (2015). Rapid response of the active microbial community to CO2 exposure from a controlled sub-seabed CO2 leak in Ardmucknish Bay (Oban, Scotland). International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 171-181. Taylor P, Lichtschlag A, Tobermann M, Sayer MDJ, Reynolds A, Sato T, Stahl H (2015). Impact and recovery of pH in marine sediments subject to a temporary carbon dioxide leak. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 93-101. Taylor P, Stahl H, Blackford J, Vardy ME, Bull J, Ackhurst M, Hauton C, James R, Lichtschlag A, Long D, Montgomery J, Naylor M, Smith D, Sayer MDJ, Widdicombe S, Wright I (2015). A novel sub-seabed CO2 release experiment informing monitoring and impact assessment for geological carbon storage. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 3-17. Tsukasaki A, Suzumura M, Lichtschlag A, Stahl H, James RH (2015). Phosphorus behavior in sediments during a sub-seabed CO2 controlled release experiment. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 102-109. Watanabe Y, Tait K, Gregory S, Hayashi M, Shimamoto A, Taylor P, Stahl H, Green K, Yoshinaga I, Suwa Y, Kita J (2015). Response of the ammonia oxidation activity of microorganisms in surface sediment to a controlled sub-seabed release of CO2. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 162-170. Widdicombe S, McNeill CL, Stahl H, Taylor P, Queirós AM, Nunes J, Tait K (2015). Impact of sub-seabed CO2 leakage on macrobenthic community structure and diversity. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 182-192.
Start Year 2010
 
Description Quantifying and Monitoring Potential Ecosystem Impacts of Geological Carbon Storage 
Organisation Heriot-Watt University
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Diving support; advice an guidance in programme design and execution. Extensive sample collection, equipment deployments and maintenance.
Collaborator Contribution Science leads.
Impact Blackford, J., Stahl, H., Bull, J.M., Berges, B.J.B., Cevatoglu, M., Lichtschlag, A., Connelly, D., James, R.H., Kita, J., Long, D., Naylor, M., Shitashima, K., Smith, D., Taylor, P., Wright, I., Akhurst, M., Chen, B., Gernon, T.M., Hauton, C., Hayashi, M., Kaieda, H., Leighton, T.G., Sato, T., Sayer, M.D.J., Suzumura, M., Tait, K., Vardy, M.E., White, P.R. and Widdicombe, S. (2014). Detection and impacts of leakage from sub-seafloor deep geological carbon dioxide storage. Nature Climate Change 4, 1011-1016. Atamanchuk D, Tengberg A, Aleynik D, Fietzek P, Shitashima K, Lichtschlag A, Hall POJ, Stahl H (2015). Detection of CO2 leakage from a simulated sub-seabed storage site using three different types of pCO2 sensors. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 121-134. Bergès BJP, Leighton TG, White PR (2015). Passive acoustic quantification of gas fluxes during controlled gas release experiments. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 64-79. Cevatoglua M, Bull JM, Vardy ME, Gernon TM, Wright IC, Long D (2015). Gas migration pathways, controlling mechanisms and changes in sediment acoustic properties observed in a controlled sub-seabed CO2 release experiment. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 26-43. Dewar M, Sellami N, Chen B (2015). Dynamics of rising CO2 bubble plumes in the QICS field experiment: Part 2 - Modelling. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 52-63. Kita J, Stahl H, Hayashi M, Green T, Watanabe Y, Widdicombe S (2015). Benthic megafauna and CO2 bubble dynamics observed by underwater photography during a controlled sub-seabed release of CO2. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 202-209. Lichtschlag A, James RH, Stahl H, Connelly D (2015). Effect of a controlled sub-seabed release of CO2 on the biogeochemistry of shallow marine sediments, their pore waters, and the overlying water column. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 80-92. Maeda Y, Shitashima K, Sakamoto A (2015). Mapping observations using AUV and numerical simulations of leaked CO2 diffusion in sub-seabed CO2 release experiment at Ardmucknish Bay. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 143-152. Moria C, Satoa T, Kanoa Y, Oyamaa H, Aleynikc D, Tsumuned D, Maedad Y (2015). Numerical study of the fate of CO2 purposefully injected into the sediment and seeping from seafloor in Ardmucknish Bay. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 153-161. Pratt N, Ciotti BJ, Morgan EA, Taylor P, Stahl H, Hauton C (2015). No evidence for impacts to the molecular ecophysiology of ion or CO2 regulation in tissues of selected surface-dwelling bivalves in the vicinity of a sub-seabed CO2 release. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 193-201. Sellami N, Dewar M, Stahl H, Chen B (2015). Dynamics of rising CO2 bubble plumes in the QICS field experiment: Part 1 - The experiment. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 44-51. Shitashima K, Maeda Y, Sakamoto A (2015). Detection and monitoring of leaked CO2 through sediment, water column and atmosphere in a sub-seabed CCS experiment. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 135-142. Tait K, Stahl H, Taylor P, Widdicombe S (2015). Rapid response of the active microbial community to CO2 exposure from a controlled sub-seabed CO2 leak in Ardmucknish Bay (Oban, Scotland). International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 171-181. Taylor P, Lichtschlag A, Tobermann M, Sayer MDJ, Reynolds A, Sato T, Stahl H (2015). Impact and recovery of pH in marine sediments subject to a temporary carbon dioxide leak. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 93-101. Taylor P, Stahl H, Blackford J, Vardy ME, Bull J, Ackhurst M, Hauton C, James R, Lichtschlag A, Long D, Montgomery J, Naylor M, Smith D, Sayer MDJ, Widdicombe S, Wright I (2015). A novel sub-seabed CO2 release experiment informing monitoring and impact assessment for geological carbon storage. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 3-17. Tsukasaki A, Suzumura M, Lichtschlag A, Stahl H, James RH (2015). Phosphorus behavior in sediments during a sub-seabed CO2 controlled release experiment. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 102-109. Watanabe Y, Tait K, Gregory S, Hayashi M, Shimamoto A, Taylor P, Stahl H, Green K, Yoshinaga I, Suwa Y, Kita J (2015). Response of the ammonia oxidation activity of microorganisms in surface sediment to a controlled sub-seabed release of CO2. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 162-170. Widdicombe S, McNeill CL, Stahl H, Taylor P, Queirós AM, Nunes J, Tait K (2015). Impact of sub-seabed CO2 leakage on macrobenthic community structure and diversity. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 182-192.
Start Year 2010
 
Description Quantifying and Monitoring Potential Ecosystem Impacts of Geological Carbon Storage 
Organisation Plymouth Marine Laboratory
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Diving support; advice an guidance in programme design and execution. Extensive sample collection, equipment deployments and maintenance.
Collaborator Contribution Science leads.
Impact Blackford, J., Stahl, H., Bull, J.M., Berges, B.J.B., Cevatoglu, M., Lichtschlag, A., Connelly, D., James, R.H., Kita, J., Long, D., Naylor, M., Shitashima, K., Smith, D., Taylor, P., Wright, I., Akhurst, M., Chen, B., Gernon, T.M., Hauton, C., Hayashi, M., Kaieda, H., Leighton, T.G., Sato, T., Sayer, M.D.J., Suzumura, M., Tait, K., Vardy, M.E., White, P.R. and Widdicombe, S. (2014). Detection and impacts of leakage from sub-seafloor deep geological carbon dioxide storage. Nature Climate Change 4, 1011-1016. Atamanchuk D, Tengberg A, Aleynik D, Fietzek P, Shitashima K, Lichtschlag A, Hall POJ, Stahl H (2015). Detection of CO2 leakage from a simulated sub-seabed storage site using three different types of pCO2 sensors. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 121-134. Bergès BJP, Leighton TG, White PR (2015). Passive acoustic quantification of gas fluxes during controlled gas release experiments. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 64-79. Cevatoglua M, Bull JM, Vardy ME, Gernon TM, Wright IC, Long D (2015). Gas migration pathways, controlling mechanisms and changes in sediment acoustic properties observed in a controlled sub-seabed CO2 release experiment. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 26-43. Dewar M, Sellami N, Chen B (2015). Dynamics of rising CO2 bubble plumes in the QICS field experiment: Part 2 - Modelling. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 52-63. Kita J, Stahl H, Hayashi M, Green T, Watanabe Y, Widdicombe S (2015). Benthic megafauna and CO2 bubble dynamics observed by underwater photography during a controlled sub-seabed release of CO2. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 202-209. Lichtschlag A, James RH, Stahl H, Connelly D (2015). Effect of a controlled sub-seabed release of CO2 on the biogeochemistry of shallow marine sediments, their pore waters, and the overlying water column. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 80-92. Maeda Y, Shitashima K, Sakamoto A (2015). Mapping observations using AUV and numerical simulations of leaked CO2 diffusion in sub-seabed CO2 release experiment at Ardmucknish Bay. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 143-152. Moria C, Satoa T, Kanoa Y, Oyamaa H, Aleynikc D, Tsumuned D, Maedad Y (2015). Numerical study of the fate of CO2 purposefully injected into the sediment and seeping from seafloor in Ardmucknish Bay. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 153-161. Pratt N, Ciotti BJ, Morgan EA, Taylor P, Stahl H, Hauton C (2015). No evidence for impacts to the molecular ecophysiology of ion or CO2 regulation in tissues of selected surface-dwelling bivalves in the vicinity of a sub-seabed CO2 release. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 193-201. Sellami N, Dewar M, Stahl H, Chen B (2015). Dynamics of rising CO2 bubble plumes in the QICS field experiment: Part 1 - The experiment. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 44-51. Shitashima K, Maeda Y, Sakamoto A (2015). Detection and monitoring of leaked CO2 through sediment, water column and atmosphere in a sub-seabed CCS experiment. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 135-142. Tait K, Stahl H, Taylor P, Widdicombe S (2015). Rapid response of the active microbial community to CO2 exposure from a controlled sub-seabed CO2 leak in Ardmucknish Bay (Oban, Scotland). International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 171-181. Taylor P, Lichtschlag A, Tobermann M, Sayer MDJ, Reynolds A, Sato T, Stahl H (2015). Impact and recovery of pH in marine sediments subject to a temporary carbon dioxide leak. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 93-101. Taylor P, Stahl H, Blackford J, Vardy ME, Bull J, Ackhurst M, Hauton C, James R, Lichtschlag A, Long D, Montgomery J, Naylor M, Smith D, Sayer MDJ, Widdicombe S, Wright I (2015). A novel sub-seabed CO2 release experiment informing monitoring and impact assessment for geological carbon storage. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 3-17. Tsukasaki A, Suzumura M, Lichtschlag A, Stahl H, James RH (2015). Phosphorus behavior in sediments during a sub-seabed CO2 controlled release experiment. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 102-109. Watanabe Y, Tait K, Gregory S, Hayashi M, Shimamoto A, Taylor P, Stahl H, Green K, Yoshinaga I, Suwa Y, Kita J (2015). Response of the ammonia oxidation activity of microorganisms in surface sediment to a controlled sub-seabed release of CO2. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 162-170. Widdicombe S, McNeill CL, Stahl H, Taylor P, Queirós AM, Nunes J, Tait K (2015). Impact of sub-seabed CO2 leakage on macrobenthic community structure and diversity. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 182-192.
Start Year 2010
 
Description Quantifying and Monitoring Potential Ecosystem Impacts of Geological Carbon Storage 
Organisation Scottish Association For Marine Science
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Diving support; advice an guidance in programme design and execution. Extensive sample collection, equipment deployments and maintenance.
Collaborator Contribution Science leads.
Impact Blackford, J., Stahl, H., Bull, J.M., Berges, B.J.B., Cevatoglu, M., Lichtschlag, A., Connelly, D., James, R.H., Kita, J., Long, D., Naylor, M., Shitashima, K., Smith, D., Taylor, P., Wright, I., Akhurst, M., Chen, B., Gernon, T.M., Hauton, C., Hayashi, M., Kaieda, H., Leighton, T.G., Sato, T., Sayer, M.D.J., Suzumura, M., Tait, K., Vardy, M.E., White, P.R. and Widdicombe, S. (2014). Detection and impacts of leakage from sub-seafloor deep geological carbon dioxide storage. Nature Climate Change 4, 1011-1016. Atamanchuk D, Tengberg A, Aleynik D, Fietzek P, Shitashima K, Lichtschlag A, Hall POJ, Stahl H (2015). Detection of CO2 leakage from a simulated sub-seabed storage site using three different types of pCO2 sensors. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 121-134. Bergès BJP, Leighton TG, White PR (2015). Passive acoustic quantification of gas fluxes during controlled gas release experiments. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 64-79. Cevatoglua M, Bull JM, Vardy ME, Gernon TM, Wright IC, Long D (2015). Gas migration pathways, controlling mechanisms and changes in sediment acoustic properties observed in a controlled sub-seabed CO2 release experiment. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 26-43. Dewar M, Sellami N, Chen B (2015). Dynamics of rising CO2 bubble plumes in the QICS field experiment: Part 2 - Modelling. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 52-63. Kita J, Stahl H, Hayashi M, Green T, Watanabe Y, Widdicombe S (2015). Benthic megafauna and CO2 bubble dynamics observed by underwater photography during a controlled sub-seabed release of CO2. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 202-209. Lichtschlag A, James RH, Stahl H, Connelly D (2015). Effect of a controlled sub-seabed release of CO2 on the biogeochemistry of shallow marine sediments, their pore waters, and the overlying water column. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 80-92. Maeda Y, Shitashima K, Sakamoto A (2015). Mapping observations using AUV and numerical simulations of leaked CO2 diffusion in sub-seabed CO2 release experiment at Ardmucknish Bay. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 143-152. Moria C, Satoa T, Kanoa Y, Oyamaa H, Aleynikc D, Tsumuned D, Maedad Y (2015). Numerical study of the fate of CO2 purposefully injected into the sediment and seeping from seafloor in Ardmucknish Bay. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 153-161. Pratt N, Ciotti BJ, Morgan EA, Taylor P, Stahl H, Hauton C (2015). No evidence for impacts to the molecular ecophysiology of ion or CO2 regulation in tissues of selected surface-dwelling bivalves in the vicinity of a sub-seabed CO2 release. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 193-201. Sellami N, Dewar M, Stahl H, Chen B (2015). Dynamics of rising CO2 bubble plumes in the QICS field experiment: Part 1 - The experiment. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 44-51. Shitashima K, Maeda Y, Sakamoto A (2015). Detection and monitoring of leaked CO2 through sediment, water column and atmosphere in a sub-seabed CCS experiment. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 135-142. Tait K, Stahl H, Taylor P, Widdicombe S (2015). Rapid response of the active microbial community to CO2 exposure from a controlled sub-seabed CO2 leak in Ardmucknish Bay (Oban, Scotland). International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 171-181. Taylor P, Lichtschlag A, Tobermann M, Sayer MDJ, Reynolds A, Sato T, Stahl H (2015). Impact and recovery of pH in marine sediments subject to a temporary carbon dioxide leak. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 93-101. Taylor P, Stahl H, Blackford J, Vardy ME, Bull J, Ackhurst M, Hauton C, James R, Lichtschlag A, Long D, Montgomery J, Naylor M, Smith D, Sayer MDJ, Widdicombe S, Wright I (2015). A novel sub-seabed CO2 release experiment informing monitoring and impact assessment for geological carbon storage. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 3-17. Tsukasaki A, Suzumura M, Lichtschlag A, Stahl H, James RH (2015). Phosphorus behavior in sediments during a sub-seabed CO2 controlled release experiment. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 102-109. Watanabe Y, Tait K, Gregory S, Hayashi M, Shimamoto A, Taylor P, Stahl H, Green K, Yoshinaga I, Suwa Y, Kita J (2015). Response of the ammonia oxidation activity of microorganisms in surface sediment to a controlled sub-seabed release of CO2. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 162-170. Widdicombe S, McNeill CL, Stahl H, Taylor P, Queirós AM, Nunes J, Tait K (2015). Impact of sub-seabed CO2 leakage on macrobenthic community structure and diversity. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 182-192.
Start Year 2010
 
Description Quantifying and Monitoring Potential Ecosystem Impacts of Geological Carbon Storage 
Organisation University of Southampton
Department Optical Research Centre
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Diving support; advice an guidance in programme design and execution. Extensive sample collection, equipment deployments and maintenance.
Collaborator Contribution Science leads.
Impact Blackford, J., Stahl, H., Bull, J.M., Berges, B.J.B., Cevatoglu, M., Lichtschlag, A., Connelly, D., James, R.H., Kita, J., Long, D., Naylor, M., Shitashima, K., Smith, D., Taylor, P., Wright, I., Akhurst, M., Chen, B., Gernon, T.M., Hauton, C., Hayashi, M., Kaieda, H., Leighton, T.G., Sato, T., Sayer, M.D.J., Suzumura, M., Tait, K., Vardy, M.E., White, P.R. and Widdicombe, S. (2014). Detection and impacts of leakage from sub-seafloor deep geological carbon dioxide storage. Nature Climate Change 4, 1011-1016. Atamanchuk D, Tengberg A, Aleynik D, Fietzek P, Shitashima K, Lichtschlag A, Hall POJ, Stahl H (2015). Detection of CO2 leakage from a simulated sub-seabed storage site using three different types of pCO2 sensors. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 121-134. Bergès BJP, Leighton TG, White PR (2015). Passive acoustic quantification of gas fluxes during controlled gas release experiments. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 64-79. Cevatoglua M, Bull JM, Vardy ME, Gernon TM, Wright IC, Long D (2015). Gas migration pathways, controlling mechanisms and changes in sediment acoustic properties observed in a controlled sub-seabed CO2 release experiment. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 26-43. Dewar M, Sellami N, Chen B (2015). Dynamics of rising CO2 bubble plumes in the QICS field experiment: Part 2 - Modelling. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 52-63. Kita J, Stahl H, Hayashi M, Green T, Watanabe Y, Widdicombe S (2015). Benthic megafauna and CO2 bubble dynamics observed by underwater photography during a controlled sub-seabed release of CO2. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 202-209. Lichtschlag A, James RH, Stahl H, Connelly D (2015). Effect of a controlled sub-seabed release of CO2 on the biogeochemistry of shallow marine sediments, their pore waters, and the overlying water column. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 80-92. Maeda Y, Shitashima K, Sakamoto A (2015). Mapping observations using AUV and numerical simulations of leaked CO2 diffusion in sub-seabed CO2 release experiment at Ardmucknish Bay. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 143-152. Moria C, Satoa T, Kanoa Y, Oyamaa H, Aleynikc D, Tsumuned D, Maedad Y (2015). Numerical study of the fate of CO2 purposefully injected into the sediment and seeping from seafloor in Ardmucknish Bay. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 153-161. Pratt N, Ciotti BJ, Morgan EA, Taylor P, Stahl H, Hauton C (2015). No evidence for impacts to the molecular ecophysiology of ion or CO2 regulation in tissues of selected surface-dwelling bivalves in the vicinity of a sub-seabed CO2 release. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 193-201. Sellami N, Dewar M, Stahl H, Chen B (2015). Dynamics of rising CO2 bubble plumes in the QICS field experiment: Part 1 - The experiment. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 44-51. Shitashima K, Maeda Y, Sakamoto A (2015). Detection and monitoring of leaked CO2 through sediment, water column and atmosphere in a sub-seabed CCS experiment. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 135-142. Tait K, Stahl H, Taylor P, Widdicombe S (2015). Rapid response of the active microbial community to CO2 exposure from a controlled sub-seabed CO2 leak in Ardmucknish Bay (Oban, Scotland). International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 171-181. Taylor P, Lichtschlag A, Tobermann M, Sayer MDJ, Reynolds A, Sato T, Stahl H (2015). Impact and recovery of pH in marine sediments subject to a temporary carbon dioxide leak. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 93-101. Taylor P, Stahl H, Blackford J, Vardy ME, Bull J, Ackhurst M, Hauton C, James R, Lichtschlag A, Long D, Montgomery J, Naylor M, Smith D, Sayer MDJ, Widdicombe S, Wright I (2015). A novel sub-seabed CO2 release experiment informing monitoring and impact assessment for geological carbon storage. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 3-17. Tsukasaki A, Suzumura M, Lichtschlag A, Stahl H, James RH (2015). Phosphorus behavior in sediments during a sub-seabed CO2 controlled release experiment. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 102-109. Watanabe Y, Tait K, Gregory S, Hayashi M, Shimamoto A, Taylor P, Stahl H, Green K, Yoshinaga I, Suwa Y, Kita J (2015). Response of the ammonia oxidation activity of microorganisms in surface sediment to a controlled sub-seabed release of CO2. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 162-170. Widdicombe S, McNeill CL, Stahl H, Taylor P, Queirós AM, Nunes J, Tait K (2015). Impact of sub-seabed CO2 leakage on macrobenthic community structure and diversity. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 38, 182-192.
Start Year 2010
 
Description Quantifying biologically-driven coral reef carbonate production via high-resolution stereophotogrammetry 
Organisation Bangor University
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Development and application of underwater stereophotogrammetric techniques and technologies
Collaborator Contribution Science leads
Impact Mogg, A.O.M., Murphy, G.N. and Sayer, M.D.J. (2016). Quantifying biologically-driven coral reef carbonate production via high-resolution stereophotogrammetry. Proceedings of the 2016 Annual Science Meeting of the Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland: Special Session on Marine Biogeochemistry Abstract 1 Mogg, A. and Sayer, M. (2016). Using 3D models to measure carbonate production in coral reefs. In: 2016 CCRE Annual Report, pp. 11-12. Smithsonian Institute: Washington.
Start Year 2016
 
Description Quantifying biologically-driven coral reef carbonate production via high-resolution stereophotogrammetry 
Organisation University of Exeter
Department Physics and Astronomy
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Development and application of underwater stereophotogrammetric techniques and technologies
Collaborator Contribution Science leads
Impact Mogg, A.O.M., Murphy, G.N. and Sayer, M.D.J. (2016). Quantifying biologically-driven coral reef carbonate production via high-resolution stereophotogrammetry. Proceedings of the 2016 Annual Science Meeting of the Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland: Special Session on Marine Biogeochemistry Abstract 1 Mogg, A. and Sayer, M. (2016). Using 3D models to measure carbonate production in coral reefs. In: 2016 CCRE Annual Report, pp. 11-12. Smithsonian Institute: Washington.
Start Year 2016
 
Description Quantifying biologically-driven coral reef carbonate production via high-resolution stereophotogrammetry 
Organisation University of Warwick
Department Department of Physics
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Development and application of underwater stereophotogrammetric techniques and technologies
Collaborator Contribution Science leads
Impact Mogg, A.O.M., Murphy, G.N. and Sayer, M.D.J. (2016). Quantifying biologically-driven coral reef carbonate production via high-resolution stereophotogrammetry. Proceedings of the 2016 Annual Science Meeting of the Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland: Special Session on Marine Biogeochemistry Abstract 1 Mogg, A. and Sayer, M. (2016). Using 3D models to measure carbonate production in coral reefs. In: 2016 CCRE Annual Report, pp. 11-12. Smithsonian Institute: Washington.
Start Year 2016
 
Description SCUBA divers as oceanographic samplers: the potential of dive computers to augment aquatic temperature monitoring 
Organisation Centre For Environment, Fisheries And Aquaculture Science
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Technology input of dive computer design and operation; in-water trials; website design and maintenance
Collaborator Contribution Science leads
Impact Wright S, Hull T, Sivyer D, Pearce D, Pinnegar JK, Sayer MDJ, Mogg AOM, Gontarek S, Azzopardi E, Hyder K. (2016) SCUBA divers as oceanographic samplers: the potential of dive computers to augment aquatic temperature monitoring. Scientific Reports 6, 30164. NEXUSS PhD studentship (2017-2021)
Start Year 2015
 
Description SCUBA divers as oceanographic samplers: the potential of dive computers to augment aquatic temperature monitoring 
Organisation University of East Anglia
Department School of Pharmacy
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Technology input of dive computer design and operation; in-water trials; website design and maintenance
Collaborator Contribution Science leads
Impact Wright S, Hull T, Sivyer D, Pearce D, Pinnegar JK, Sayer MDJ, Mogg AOM, Gontarek S, Azzopardi E, Hyder K. (2016) SCUBA divers as oceanographic samplers: the potential of dive computers to augment aquatic temperature monitoring. Scientific Reports 6, 30164. NEXUSS PhD studentship (2017-2021)
Start Year 2015
 
Company Name Tritonia Scientific Ltd. 
Description Tritonia Scientific Ltd provides a range of marine-oriented survey services, including diving, ROV, and drone surveys, habitat surveys, decommissioning surveys, and scientific support. 
Year Established 2018 
Impact TSL has developed and evaluated highly accurate underwater survey and monitoring techniques that are now applied over a range of scales for multiple users. Current clients include offshore oil and gas companies, inshore authorities and regulators, inshore and coastal businesses, healthcare organisations, while also continuing to contribute to the academic research sector.
Website http://www.tritoniascientific.co.uk