PML Cycling in the Sunlit Ocean (biogeochemical cycling)
Lead Research Organisation:
Plymouth Marine Laboratory
Department Name: UNLISTED
Abstract
Abstracts are not currently available in GtR for all funded research. This is normally because the abstract was not required at the time of proposal submission, but may be because it included sensitive information such as personal details.
Publications
Yang M
(2016)
Comparison of two closed-path cavity-based spectrometers for measuring air-water CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> fluxes by eddy covariance
in Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
Yang M
(2016)
Attribution of atmospheric sulfur dioxide over the English Channel to dimethyl sulfide and changing ship emissions
in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Yang M
(2011)
Atmospheric sulfur cycling in the southeastern Pacific - longitudinal distribution, vertical profile, and diel variability observed during VOCALS-REx
in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Yang M
(2013)
Lagrangian evolution of DMS during the Southern Ocean gas exchange experiment: The effects of vertical mixing and biological community shift
in Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
Yool A
(2007)
The significance of nitrification for oceanic new production.
in Nature
Ziska F
(2013)
Global sea-to-air flux climatology for bromoform, dibromomethane and methyl iodide
in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Zubkov M
(2007)
Differential microbial uptake of dissolved amino acids and amino sugars in surface waters of the Atlantic Ocean
in Journal of Plankton Research
Zubkov MV
(2008)
High bacterivory by the smallest phytoplankton in the North Atlantic Ocean.
in Nature
| Description | Marine biogeochemical cycles affect atmospheric chemistry and climate via the exchanges of gases and impact on ocean productivity by controlling nutrients. Our research has improved fundamental understanding of marine biogeochemical cycles and allowed us to develop predictions of how these cycles might alter in a changing climate. Examples of our key findings include; 1) Air-sea gas exchange. We have shown in field experiments that the rate at which gases transfer between the atmosphere and ocean is strongly reduced in the presence of organics on the sea surface. Surprisingly, we even saw reductions at high winds. We have found that the transfer of gases is not as high as predicted by models and lab experiments at high winds, possibly due to wave effects. 2) Ocean acidification and trace gases. We have made the first measurements of the response of trace gases to ocean acidification. We have shown in field experiments that that the production of nitrous oxide, dimethyl sulphide and iodine containing gases are all reduced in response to high carbon dioxide levels with implications for human health, atmospheric chemistry and climate. 3) We have made major progress in understanding the cycling of oxygenated organics in seawater. These compounds include alcohols, aldehydes and ketones. We developed novel instrumentation to measure these gases and made the first measurements of ethanol and propanol in seawater. We have shown that the oceans act as a strong source of some of these compounds to the atmosphere. We have also made the first field measurements of the flux of methanol between the air and oceans and used data to test models for the transfer of soluble gases between the oceans and atmosphere. 4) We have installed and maintained fully autonomous systems for measuring carbon dioxide levels in the air and oceans on board the three NERC research ships. This data has been used in individual research projects and also been added to SOCAT, a large international database used to quantify how much man-made carbon dioxide the oceans are taking up from the atmosphere. 5) We have developed techniques that measure the role of marine organisms in the cycling of organic gases in the oceans. We have found that bacteria rapidly remove methanol and acetaldehyde from seawater and use these compounds as a source of both energy and carbon. Similarly we have shown that DMSO is used by marine organisms at a much faster rate than originally thought. 6) We have gained fundamental understanding of how marine viruses interact with their hosts and with each other, e.g. programmed host cell death in regulating viruses and the occurrence of chlorophyll alteration products during viral infection of phytoplankton. 7) We have developed a waste water treatment system and rapid method for the eradication of E-coli from waste water streams. |
| Exploitation Route | Findings will be used by other scientists, by the Hadley Centre (UK Met Office), by policy makers, by the IPCC and hence by governments and may be of interest to industry. |
| Sectors | Aerospace Defence and Marine Energy Environment Manufacturing including Industrial Biotechology |
| Description | Transport of gases between the ocean and the atmosphere, and the cycling of nutrients within the oceans has profound implications for our environment and the Earth's climate. Findings in this area have contributed to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change reports and to policy reports. |
| First Year Of Impact | 2007 |
| Sector | Energy,Environment |
| Impact Types | Societal Policy & public services |
| Description | Development of an ammonia sensor through a KTP Innovate proposal, subcontract via University of Nottingham |
| Amount | £27,100 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | KTP010649 |
| Organisation | University of Nottingham |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 03/2017 |
| End | 03/2020 |
| Description | NERC Discovery Science July 2017 submission round |
| Amount | £647,921 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | NE/R010382/1 |
| Organisation | Natural Environment Research Council |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 04/2018 |
| End | 05/2021 |
| Title | Culture methods established for enabling analytical examination of phytoplankton DOM 'fingerprints'. |
| Description | Culturing methods using axenic cell lines established so that the DOM produced by phytoplankton can be extracted, and samples prepared for mass spectrometry analysis. These fingerprints will represent the biochemical complexity of the living cells. Uniquely to this study, this material will not have been exposed to bacterial activity and so will include the full spectrum of material that is available to natural bacterial communities. |
| Type Of Material | Biological samples |
| Year Produced | 2019 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | This is a facilitating development for the delivery of the project. |
| Title | New CRDS instrument for greenhouse gases in seawater |
| Description | A new instrument was developed for the measurement of greenhouse gases (CO2/CH4/N2O) dissolved in seawater. This instrument integrates a cavity ring down spectrometer, showerhead equilibrator and associated electronics, water- and gas-handling hardware and gas standards. The instrument is automated to work in "underway" mode on research vessels. Compared to existing instrumentation, this provides increased sample throughput (data acquisition every 10 seconds compared to hourly) without compromising accuracy and precision. |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | The instrument provides increased data coverage which facilitates research into the role of the oceans as sources/sinks of greenhouse gases. |
| Title | Spectrophotometric pH in seawater |
| Description | A new instrument was developed for the spectrophotometric determination of seawater pH using the meta-cresol-purple dye (MCP). The automated system integrates a high precision burette, spectrophotometer and thermometer with a custom-built light source. Data reduction is performed with a custom script in R (r-project.org). The accuracy of the system is calculated as better than 0.003 pH units when compared with pH calculated from independent measurements of Alkalinity and Inorganic Carbon in seawater. |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Year Produced | 2018 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | Automation ensures improved reliability, accuracy and precision with substantial efficiency improvement translating to reduced cost. Potential to get the whole carbonate system (TA, DIC, pH and pCO2) from a single sample. |
| Title | 14C tracer experiments station L4 |
| Description | 14C2 - DMSO tracer being used to determine loss rates due to a) dissimilation to CO2 for microbial energy generation and b) microbial assimilation for growth |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2017 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | Annual surveys at station L4 undertaken in 2014 and 2016. Data will be submitted to BODC once it has been quality controlled. DOI will then follow. |
| Title | Abundance of microbial phytoplankton abundance and bacteria through the water column during the AMT28/JR18001 cruise in 2018. |
| Description | Fresh seawater samples were collected in clean 250 mL polycarbonate bottles using a Seabird CTD system containing a 24 bottle rosette of 20 L Niskin bottles from 200 m to the surface at predawn and solar noon CTD casts. Samples were stored in a refrigerator and analysed within 2 hours of collection. Fresh samples were measured using a Becton Dickinson FACSort flow cytometer which characterised and enumerated Prochlorococcus sp. and Synechococcus sp. (cyanobacteria) and pico- and eukaryote phytoplankton, based on their light scattering and autofluorescence properties. The resulting data provide information on the abundance of marine microbes in the sunlit upper ocean in the Atlantic from approx. 50 degrees north to 50 degrees south and form part of an ongoing time series, which began in 1995. |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2019 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | The database has only just been created, so there are no impacts to report. |
| Title | Abundance of microbial phytoplankton abundance through the water column during the AMT29/JR19001 cruise in 2019. |
| Description | This dataset contains depth profiles of the mean abundance of groups of plankton as cells per millilitre, measured using flow cytometry from research cruise AMT29 in October-November 2019. The groups quantified are divided into phytoplankton and heterotrophic bacteria. Phytoplankton groups quantified are: Synechococcus sp., Prochlorococcus sp. (cyanobacteria), picoeuakryotes (smaller than 2 µm), cryptophytes, coccolithophores, and nanoeukaryotes not already mentioned (2-20 µm). Heterotrophs quantified are: bacteria with relatively high nucleic acid content and bacteria with relatively low DNA. Samples were collected using a Seabird rosette sampler containing 20 L Niskin bottles and analysed within 3 hours of being taken. Bacteria were enumerated from all sample depths. Phytoplankton were analysed from all depths to a maximum of 200 m. |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2020 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | Only recently submitted to BODC |
| Title | Abundance of phytoplankton, heterotrophic nanoflagellates and bacteria through the water column at time series station L4 in the Western English Channel, 2007-2017 |
| Description | This dataset contains depth profiles of the mean abundance of groups of plankton as cells per millilitre, measured using flow cytometry from the long-term sampling station, L4 (50°15.0'N; 4°13.0'W) situated off the south-west coast of England, United Kingdom. The groups quantified are divided into phytoplankton and heterotrophs. Phytoplankton groups quantified are: Synechococcus sp. (cyanobacteria), picoeuakryotes (smaller than 2 µm), cryptophytes, coccolithophores, small dinoflagellates (<20 µm), Phaeocystis sp. and nanoeukaryotes not already mentioned (2-20 µm). Heterotrophs quantified are: heterotrophic nanoflagellates, bacteria with relatively high nucleic acid content and bacteria with relatively low DNA. Samples were collected and analysed in duplicate (heterotrophs) or triplicate (phytoplankton) from 2 m, 10 m, 25 m and 50 m depth. |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2019 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | None yet |
| URL | https://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/published_data_library/catalogue/10.5285/908f84ec-d20c-7c88-e053-6c86abc... |
| Title | Abundance of phytoplankton, heterotrophic nanoflagellates and bacteria through the water column at time series station L4 in the Western English Channel, 2007-2018. |
| Description | This dataset contains depth profiles of the mean abundance of groups of plankton as cells per millilitre, measured using flow cytometry from the long-term sampling station, L4 (50°15.0'N; 4°13.0'W) situated off the south-west coast of England, United Kingdom. The groups quantified are divided into phytoplankton and heterotrophs. Phytoplankton groups quantified are: Synechococcus sp. (cyanobacteria)(Syn), picoeuakryotes (smaller than 2 µm) (Peuk), cryptophytes (Crypto), coccolithophores (Cocco), small dinoflagellates (<20 µm) (Dino), Phaeocystis sp. (Pcystis) and nanoeukaryotes (Neuk) not already mentioned (2-20 µm). Heterotrophs quantified are: heterotrophic nanoflagellates (HNAN), bacteria with relatively high nucleic acid content (HNA) and bacteria with relatively low DNA. Samples were collected and analysed in duplicate (heterotrophs) or triplicate (phytoplankton) from 2 m, 10 m, 25 m and 50 m depth. In 2007 the Secchi depth was sampled instead of the 10 m depth. NOTE: In 2013 an extra column appears in the abundance section and in the standard deviation section. The columns are labelled 'Pnitz'; possibly the chain-forming diatom Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima. It is also present in 2011 and 2012 where the samples were run using the newest flow cytometer at PML - data still to be supplied. Discrimination is down to better measurement of forward light scatter with the new flow cytometer (a BD Accuri C6). |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2018 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | None, in relation to the Question help. |
| Title | Basin scale biogeography of 16S rRNA (V4) and xoxF5 genes in the Atlantic Ocean |
| Description | Surface DNA samples from AMT19 (JC039) were used to determine the diversity of 16S and xoxF5 genes in surface waters of the Atlantic Ocean. |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2019 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | The vast majority of xoxF5 sequences were derived from the Rhodobacterales order of bacteria and indicated little variability in the diversity of xoxF5 at the family taxonomic level between the different regions of the Atlantic Ocean (which primarily consisted of Rhodobacteraceae sequences dominated by Sagittula and Salipiger). However, there is still significant unknown xoxF5 diversity within the Rhodobacteraceae family, indicated by the large proportion of unassigned sequences at lower taxonomic levels. |
| Title | Diversity of 16S (V4) rRNA and xoxF5 genes in Arctic regions. |
| Description | Surface DNA samples from around Svalbard in the Arctic (from JR16006) were used to determine the diversity in 16S and xoxF5 containing bacteria. |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2020 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | Samples taken from stations in the Barents Sea in the Arctic indicated that the surface microbial communities were typically dominated by the Proteobacteria (56 ± 13%), Bacteroidetes (35 ± 17%), Cyanobacteria (8 ± 8%) and, to a lesser extent, the Verrucomicrobia (2 ± 3%). Only three (of the 13 samples) stations in the Arctic region yielded xoxF5 amplicons, however these could not be sequenced due to low amplicon DNA concentrations and quality probably reflecting lower bacterial abundance in cold Arctic waters (and thus insufficient water filtered). |
| Title | E1 Nutrient Time Series, 2002 to 2016 |
| Description | Nutrient concentration profiles from long term time series at Station E1 in the Western English Channel from 2002 to 2016 |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2017 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | Time series trends of nutrient in the English Channel are observed |
| URL | http://www.westernchannelobservatory.org.uk/ |
| Title | Effects of ocean acidifcation on the production and cycling of DMS and DMSP on the UK shelf |
| Description | A research cruise was undertaken in UK Shelf waters to investigate the response of surface ocean microbial communities to changes in seawater carbonate chemistry induced by the oceanic uptake of human CO2 emissions - a phenomenon known as ocean acidifcation (OA). Standing stocks of the trace gase dimethyl sulphide (DMS) and its algal precursor dimethyl sulphoniopropionate (DMSP), as well as measurements of rates of algal DMSP synthesis and bacterial DMS consumption and production, were m, A research cruise was undertaken in UK Shelf waters to investigate the response of surface ocean microbial communities to changes in seawater carbonate chemistry induced by the oceanic uptake of human CO2 emissions - a phenomenon known as ocean acidifcation (OA). Standing stocks of the trace gase dimethyl sulphide (DMS) and its algal precursor dimethyl sulphoniopropionate (DMSP), as well as measurements of rates of algal DMSP synthesis and bacterial DMS consumption and production, were measu |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2013 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | Not known |
| Title | Effects of ocean acidification on the production and cycling of DMS and DMSP in the Arctic Ocean |
| Description | Effects of ocean acidification on the production and cycling of DMS and DMSP in the Arctic Ocean |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2013 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | Not known |
| Title | Effects of ocean acidification on the production and cycling of DMS and DMSP in the Southern Ocean and Antarctic waters |
| Description | A research cruise was undertaken in Southern Ocean and Antarctic waters in January/February 2013 to investigate the response of surface ocean microbial communities to changes in seawater carbonate chemistry induced by the oceanic uptake of human CO2 emissions - a phenomenon known as ocean acidifcation (OA). Standing stocks of the trace gase dimethyl sulphide (DMS) and its algal precursor dimethyl sulphoniopropionate (DMSP), as well as measurements of rates of algal DMSP synthesis and bac, A research cruise was undertaken in Southern Ocean and Antarctic waters in January/February 2013 to investigate the response of surface ocean microbial communities to changes in seawater carbonate chemistry induced by the oceanic uptake of human CO2 emissions - a phenomenon known as ocean acidifcation (OA). Standing stocks of the trace gase dimethyl sulphide (DMS) and its algal precursor dimethyl sulphoniopropionate (DMSP), as well as measurements of rates of algal DMSP synthesis and bacteri |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2013 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | Not known |
| Title | Geotraces Intermediate Data Product 2017 |
| Description | Global database for Nutrients and trace metals along Geotraces survey lines. |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2017 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | Presentation and release at Ocean Sciences meeting in Portland Oregon. |
| URL | http://www.geotraces.org/dp/idp2017 |
| Title | Halladale (LOCATE fieldwork): Water concentrations of methanol, acetaldehyde, acetone and isoprene. |
| Description | Water samples were taken as part of the LOCATE fieldwork and analysed for concentrations of methanol, acetaldehyde, acetone and isoprene. |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2021 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | Concentrations of methanol, acetaldehyde, acetone and isoprene ranged from <2-50, 21-47, 4-76 and <0.07-0.4 nM respectively along the river Halladale with typically higher concentration determined in the upper reaches of the river and the lowest at the mouth of the estuary/marine end member. The concentrations of acetaldehyde were notably high compared to all previously published marine waters. |
| Title | L4 Nutrient Time Series, 2000 to 2016 |
| Description | Nutrient concentration profiles from long term time series at Station L4 in the Western English Channel from 2000 to 2016 |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2017 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | Annual trends and changes in the Nutrient patterns are observed |
| URL | http://www.westernchannelobservatory.org.uk/ |
| Title | L4 time series - DMS/Methylamines |
| Description | Preliminary Tedlar incubation methylamine addition experiments (with stable S tracers d3-DMS, d6-DMSP, 13C2-DMSO) have been undertake at station L4. Routine sampling will commence in ~September 2019 as detailed in the proposal. |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2018 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | None yet - too early in the research proposal. |
| URL | https://www.pml.ac.uk/Research/Projects/Bacterial_DMS |
| Title | Nitrogen Cycling in the UK shelf Sea |
| Description | Data set describing how the marine nitrogen cycle responds to ocean acidification in the pelagic environment within the UK shelf Seas. |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | First reports of the impact of ocean acidification on nitrogen biogeochemistry in UK waters |
| Title | Phytoplankton growth dynamics in response to Ocean Acidification |
| Description | Dataset describing how the growth dynamics of marine phytoplankton respond to the combination of nutrient limitation and ocean acidification. |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2013 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | Not known |
| Title | Plankton abundance measured by flow cytometry from long term time series Station E1 in the Western English Channel for 2019 |
| Description | This dataset contains depth profiles of the abundance of groups of plankton as cells per millilitre, measured using flow cytometry from the long-term sampling station, E1 (50°2.05'N; 4°22.5'W) situated off the south-west coast of England, United Kingdom. The groups quantified are divided into phytoplankton and heterotrophs. Phytoplankton groups quantified are: Synechococcus sp. (cyanobacteria), picoeuakryotes (smaller than 2 µm), cryptophytes, coccolithophores, small dinoflagellates (<20 µm), Phaeocystis sp. and nanoeukaryotes not already mentioned (2-20 µm). Heterotrophs quantified are: bacteria with relatively high nucleic acid content (HNA) and bacteria with relatively low DNA. Samples were collected and analysed from 2, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 60 m depth. |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2020 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | Only recently submitted to BODC |
| Title | Plankton abundance measured by flow cytometry from long term time series at Station E1 in the Western English Channel from 2014 - 2018. |
| Description | This dataset contains depth profiles of the abundance of groups of plankton as cells per millilitre, measured using flow cytometry from the long-term sampling station, E1 (50°2.05'N; 4°22.5'W) situated off the south-west coast of England, United Kingdom. The groups quantified are divided into phytoplankton and heterotrophs. Phytoplankton groups quantified are: Synechococcus sp. (cyanobacteria)(Syn), picoeuakryotes (smaller than 2 µm) (Peuk), cryptophytes (Crypto), coccolithophores (Cocco), small dinoflagellates (<20 µm) (Dino), Phaeocystis sp. (Pcystis) and nanoeukaryotes (Neuk) not already mentioned (2-20 µm). Heterotrophs quantified are: bacteria with relatively high nucleic acid content (HNA) and bacteria with relatively low DNA. Samples were collected and analysed from 2, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 60 m depth. |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2018 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | None in relation to the Question help |
| Title | Plankton abundance measured by flow cytometry from long term time series at Station E1 in the Western English Channel from 2014 to 2017 |
| Description | This dataset contains depth profiles of the abundance of groups of plankton as cells per millilitre, measured using flow cytometry from the long-term sampling station, E1 (50°2.05'N; 4°22.5'W) situated off the south-west coast of England, United Kingdom. The groups quantified are divided into phytoplankton and heterotrophs. Phytoplankton groups quantified are: Synechococcus sp. (cyanobacteria), picoeuakryotes (smaller than 2 µm), cryptophytes, coccolithophores, small dinoflagellates (<20 µm), Phaeocystis sp. and nanoeukaryotes not already mentioned (2-20 µm). Heterotrophs quantified are: bacteria with relatively high nucleic acid content (HNA) and bacteria with relatively low DNA. Samples were collected and analysed from 2, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 60 m depth. |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2019 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | None yet |
| Title | Plankton abundance measured by flow cytometry from long term time series at Station L4 in the Western English Channel from 2019. |
| Description | This dataset contains depth profiles of the mean abundance of groups of plankton as cells per millilitre, measured using flow cytometry from the long-term sampling station, L4 (50°15.0'N; 4°13.0'W) situated off the south-west coast of England, United Kingdom. The groups quantified are divided into phytoplankton and heterotrophs. Phytoplankton groups quantified are: Synechococcus sp. (cyanobacteria), picoeuakryotes (smaller than 2 µm), cryptophytes, coccolithophores, small dinoflagellates (<20 µm), Phaeocystis sp. and nanoeukaryotes not already mentioned (2-20 µm). Heterotrophs quantified are: heterotrophic nanoflagellates, bacteria with relatively high nucleic acid content and bacteria with relatively low DNA. Samples were collected and analysed in duplicate (heterotrophs) or triplicate (phytoplankton) from 2 m, 10 m, 25 m and 50 m depth. |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2020 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | Only recently submitted to BODC |
| Title | SOLAS N Fixation data-sets |
| Description | Vertical profiles of nitrogen fixation rates during the UK SOLAS cruise D325 Nitrogen fixation from bioassay experiments by stable-isotope mass spectrometry on UKSOLAS cruise D325 Nitrogen fixation from diel surveys by stable-isotope mass spectrometry on UKSOLAS cruise D325 Impact of phosphate and iron fertilisation on rates of nitrogen fixation in surface waters by stable-isotope mass spectrometry during the FEEP programme cruise PO311, Vertical profiles of nitrogen fixation rates during the UK SOLAS cruise D325 Nitrogen fixation from bioassay experiments by stable-isotope mass spectrometry on UKSOLAS cruise D325 Nitrogen fixation from diel surveys by stable-isotope mass spectrometry on UKSOLAS cruise D325 Impact of phosphate and iron fertilisation on rates of nitrogen fixation in surface waters by stable-isotope mass spectrometry during the FEEP programme cruise PO311 |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2009 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | Collaboration with University California Santa Cruz and publication: Turk et al 2011 |
| Title | SW rivers and estuaries: Concentrations of methanol, acetaldehyde and acetone. |
| Description | A series of rivers and estuaries were sampled in the SW England to determine the concentrations of the main OVOC compounds (methanol, acetaldehyde and acetone). |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2019 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | Data analysis ongoing. |
| Title | Seawater concentration of DMSO, DMS, DMSP database for 2014 and 2016 completed. |
| Description | Approximately annual surveys of the changes in concentrations of DMSO, DMS and DMSP have been undertaken in 2014 and 2016 on surface (10m) and deep (50m) water samples. |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2016 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | Data has been provided to collaborators at Warwick University. Data has been sent to BODC. Waiting for DOI. 2014 data doi:10.5285/77294815-9c69-338b-e053-6c86abc070db 2016 data doi:10.5285/77294815-9c6a-338b-e053-6c86abc070db |
| URL | https://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/published_data_library/catalogue/10.5285/77294815-9c6a-338b-e053-6c86abc... |
| Title | Stable tracer experiments for determining DMSO loss processes Station L4 |
| Description | Three stable tracers were used (13C-DMSO, d3- DMS, d6-DMSP) to determine the biological consumption, net and gross production and turnover times of DMS, DMSP and DMSO in surface waters of station L4, WCO. 2014 and 2016 datasets. |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2016 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | Detailed time series in 2016 (with some preliminary data from 2014). Data has been submitted to BODC WCO database. Currently waiting for DOI from BODC. |
| Title | Western Channel Observatory: L4 and E1 Microbial methanol uptake rates, virus numbers & diversity of xoxF5 genes. |
| Description | A one-year time-series was conducted with the objectives of (i) characterising the seasonal variability in microbial methanol uptake rates throughout the water column, and (ii) determine whether any relationships exist with virus abundances, biogeochemical parameters and/or bacterial groups. Sampling was carried out between August 2017 and September 2018, with water samples used to determine the microbial methanol uptake (dissimilation and assimilation) and bacterial production rates. Additionally, samples were taken to investigate the virus abundances, bacterial abundances and DNA was extracted from 0.2 µm filters to investigate the taxonomic diversity of the 16S rRNA (V4 Region) and xoxF5 genes at surface and bottom depths. Samples from L4 were taken from different depths (2 m, 10 m, 25 m and 50 m), but assimilation was only determined at surface and 50 m depth. Similarly, at E1, water samples for uptake rates and virus abundances were determined at the surface and 60 m. |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2018 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | Kevin past his Viva February 2020 with minor corrections. |
| Title | pCO2 and SOCAT |
| Description | Measurements of pCO2 from autonomous systems deployed on the NERC Research ships are submitted to BODC and to SOCAT, an international database used to help scientists determine how much anthropogenic CO2 has been taken up by the oceans and hence, by difference, by the land. |
| Type Of Material | Database/Collection of data |
| Year Produced | 2013 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | Data are used in scientific papers, in an annual estimate of greenhouse gases, and contribute to policy reports including the IPCC |
| URL | http://www.socat.info/ |
| Description | Arctic water column biogeochemistry |
| Organisation | University of Leeds |
| Department | School of Earth and Environment |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Water column measurements of DMS, particulate and dissolved DMSP, DMSO and , methylamines, particulate N osmolytes, rates of S transformations, primary production, bacterial production, activity of extracellular enzymes, uptake and excretion of inorganic P, phytoplankton biomass and biodiversity, bacterial numbers, bacterial species diversity to two CHAOS Arctic ocean research cruises in the Barents Sea. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Supporting water column measurements e.g. temp, salinity, chlorophylla etc and the opportunity and infrastructure to participate in two Arctic Ocean research cruises. |
| Impact | Outputs will include data sets and manuscripts - still in preparation. |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | C0-organise and Lead an International Nutrient Training Workshop for scientists from developing countries |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Co-organised and lead an International Training Workshop held at NIOZ, The Netherlands to instruct scientists from developing countries in Nutrient analysis techniques and best analytical practice. Successfully gained funding for this from SCOR and POGO. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | Co-Chair of SCOR International Nutrient Working Group |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | SCOR working group #147: Towards comparability of global oceanic nutrient data. Organise International meetings and workshops to further the aims of the working group which is to improve global nutrient analysis through the use of certified reference materials. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016,2017 |
| Description | Co-Chair of SCOR International Nutrient Working Group |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | SCOR working group #147: Towards comparability of global oceanic nutrient data. Organise International meetings and workshops to further the aims of the working group which is to improve global nutrient analysis through the use of certified reference materials. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2015,2016,2017,2018 |
| URL | http://www.scor-int.org/SCOR_WGs_WG147.htm |
| Description | GESAMP 44 side event, WMO Geneva, Switzerland |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Frances Hopkins gave an invited presentation at the 44th Annual Meeting of UN-GESAMP in Geneva, Switzerland. The session was titled: CO2 in the atmosphere-ocean system: impacts and feedbacks, and the talk title was: changing ocean acidity as a modulator of atmospheric biogeochemistry and climate. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | GESAMP WG 38 workshop, Impact of ocean acidification on fluxes of non-CO2 climate-active species |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | This workshop focused on the impacts of ocean acidification on the oceanic sources of a range of non-CO2 gaseous species as well as aerosol precursors that are influential in regulating radiative forcing, atmospheric oxidizing capacity and atmospheric chemistry. Participants included international scientists working in this field of research. The workshop has the following Terms of Reference: 1. Review and synthesize the current science on the direct impacts of ocean acidification on marine production and emissions to the atmosphere of key species important for climate and atmospheric chemistry. 2. Identify the primary needs for new research to improve process understanding and to quantify the impact of ocean acidification on these marine fluxes (i.e., provide recommendations on the specific laboratory process studies, field measurements and model analyses needed to support targeted research activities and improved understanding on this topic). 3. Publish the results of this activity in the open peer-reviewed scientific literature. 4. Provide input to and interact with national and international research programs on ocean acidification (e.g., UKOA, NOAA-OAP) and with relevant WMO programs (e.g., Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW)) to build on their recent relevant activity in achieving the above objectives. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | Invited member of IOCCP Expert working group-Setting Observing Targets for Biogeochemical Observing System in the Atlantic |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Workshop Goals • Decide on the biogeochemical (BGC) phenomena for which to set observing targets, based on the list of phenomena developed by AtlantOS WP1. • Define what an observing target is in the context of the BGC observing system • Set observing targets for BGC phenomena (described by relevant variables) • Analyse feasibility of set targets with respect to current capacities to enable a comprehensive gap analysis • Provide recommendations for designing an optimized Atlantic Ocean observing system |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| Description | Member of consultancy team for the design and build of the new UK Polar Research Vessel, the RRS Sir David Attenborough |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Representing the UK Marine Chemistry community and wider UK Marine Science community as part of the design and consultation team |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016,2017,2018,2019,2020 |
| URL | https://www.bas.ac.uk/polar-operations/sites-and-facilities/facility/rrs-sir-david-attenborough/ |
| Description | Member of consultancy team for the design and build of the new UK Polar Research Vessel, the RRS Sir David Attenborough |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Representing the UK Marine Chemistry community and wider UK Marine Science community as part of the design and consultation team |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016,2017 |
| Description | Moderate a scientific presentation session at the Ocean Sciences Meeting in Portland, Oregon, USA |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Moderating a session is to introduce and Chair the session talks and questions at the International bi-annual ocean Sciences meeting |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Nutrient and related PML activites during the ORCHESTRA programme |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Presentation about the proposed science activities of PML to be carried out during the UK cross Centre ORCHESTRA programme. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| URL | https://www.bas.ac.uk/project/orchestra/ |
| Description | Nutrient characteristics during the UK Shelf Seas Programme |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Presentation at the Final UK Shelf Seas (SSB) meeting held in Winchester, UK. This was a summary of the general nutrient results from the series of research cruises in 2014 and 2015. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | Organise and Co-Chair the annual meeting of the SCOR International Nutrient Working Group |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | CO-organised and Chaired the annual meeting of the International SCOR working group on Nutrients |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018,2019 |
| Description | Present OA research at IMBER conference (Bergen) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.) |
| Results and Impact | Talk highlighted recent findings on the impact of OA on the marine nitrogen cycle and created great interest with peers Invitation to write paper for forthcoming journal special issue |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
| Description | Presentation at International CLIVAR meeting in Qingdao China, 2016 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Presentation about the work and results from the SCOR International Working group on Nutrients. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| Description | Presentation at the Ocean Sciences Meeting held in Portland Oregon, February, 2018 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Presentation about the work and results from the SCOR International Working group on Nutrients. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Presentation to Local Womens Group |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Gave presentation on NERC funded research to approx. 20 members of a local womens group. Questions and discussion followed. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | SCOR WG147: Towards comparability of global ocean nutrient data |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Presentation on the activities of SCOR WG147 to the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR) Annual Meeting, Plymouth, UK, September 2018 |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | http://scor-int.org/Annual%20Meetings/2018_SCOR_Meeting/2018_SCOR_Annual_Meeting.htm |