Wings of change: using advanced computational methods to study pollinator morphology over the last century

I study changes in the shape and form of pollinators over the last century using digitised collections of UK museum specimens. In my first chapter, I use image analysis techniques to quantify body size and shape in UK bumblebees and butterflies. In my later chapters, I use machine learning (AI) and mathematical tools (Elliptical Fourier analysis) for studying shapes to identify the major axes of variation in wing shape in UK butterflies. Not only does this serve as proof of concept for future research, but I also use these data to determine which butterfly species should potentially be prioritised for conservation action. For instance, butterflies with more unique shapes may contribute more to ecosystem functioning or resilience than those with more common shapes.