Particle Physics Consolidated Grant 2021
Lead Research Organisation:
University of Oxford
Department Name: Oxford Physics
Abstract
Particle physics seeks to understand the Universe, its birth, evolution, and fate in terms of elementary particles (quarks, leptons), the fundamental forces (strong, electromagnetic, weak forces, gravity) and the particles that mediate them (photons, W/Z, gluons, gravitons) and the Higgs particle that gives elementary particles mass. The Standard Model, a theoretical framework developed in the last fifty years, elucidates almost all particle-physics data. But the model is incomplete. It explains what we encounter on Earth, but studies of the cosmos suggest the presence of mysterious dark matter that holds galaxies together and more mysterious dark energy that is driving galaxies apart at an ever-increasing rate. Oxford's research will significantly advance our understanding of the "new-physics" theory that will emerge to replace the Standard Model by providing the data to guide the theoretical work to develop it.
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) reproduces the conditions within a million millionth of a second of the Big Bang. Oxford plays a major role in ATLAS and LHCb. These experiments have the potential to revolutionise our understanding of the Universe completely. In ATLAS, Oxford physicists participated in the exciting discovery of the "Higgs particle", which gives mass to elementary particles. The Higgs particle is like a curtain; now that we have found it, we can draw back the curtain to see a new world. Accordingly, we are studying it in great detail. We are also searching for new particles that would provide a solution to "dark-matter" that makes up about 80% of matter in the Universe.
Oxford physicists on LHCb strive for a better understanding of the origin of the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe by studying subtle differences in the behaviour of quarks & antiquarks - "CP-violation". This asymmetry permits us to exist. Over the next decade, the LHC will reach higher energies and intensities requiring detector improvements for ATLAS & LHCb. The upgraded detectors will take particle physics to an unprecedented level of sensitivity for the nearly inevitable new-physics observations. We use powerful computing resources and develop cutting-edge analysis tools necessary to extract essential discoveries from vast data volumes.
We participate in high-precision experiments complementary to the large experiments at the LHC. Mu3e searches for new physics mediated by very heavy particles that would not be visible at the LHC but are expected in many theoretical models, including SUSY. LZ addresses one of the most critical questions in particle physics & cosmology by searching for dark matter. LSST will measure how quickly the expansion of the Universe is speeding up due to the mysterious dark energy that represents 75% of all energy in the Universe and acts like anti-gravity pushing galaxies apart. Through T2K, SK, HK, DUNE, & future projects, Oxford aims to understand the elusive neutrino, its "oscillation" from one type to another, and whether there is a difference between neutrino and anti-neutrino properties - "CP-violation". SNO+ will measure other properties of the neutrino, e.g. whether or not it is its own antiparticle.
Quantum sensor technologies have the potential to change our approach to understanding the Universe radically. We are building the first large-scale atom interferometer in the UK to search for light dark matter particles and gravitational waves (AION). We are also part of MAGIS-100, a 100 m tall device under construction at Fermilab in the US.
We will continue to improve our instrumentation capabilities to retain the ability to construct the most sophisticated apparatus for our experiments. We will maintain our world-leading role for scientific excellence & major state-of-the-art detector construction in particle physics for the future. These are exciting times for particle physics, and Oxford is playing a major role.
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) reproduces the conditions within a million millionth of a second of the Big Bang. Oxford plays a major role in ATLAS and LHCb. These experiments have the potential to revolutionise our understanding of the Universe completely. In ATLAS, Oxford physicists participated in the exciting discovery of the "Higgs particle", which gives mass to elementary particles. The Higgs particle is like a curtain; now that we have found it, we can draw back the curtain to see a new world. Accordingly, we are studying it in great detail. We are also searching for new particles that would provide a solution to "dark-matter" that makes up about 80% of matter in the Universe.
Oxford physicists on LHCb strive for a better understanding of the origin of the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe by studying subtle differences in the behaviour of quarks & antiquarks - "CP-violation". This asymmetry permits us to exist. Over the next decade, the LHC will reach higher energies and intensities requiring detector improvements for ATLAS & LHCb. The upgraded detectors will take particle physics to an unprecedented level of sensitivity for the nearly inevitable new-physics observations. We use powerful computing resources and develop cutting-edge analysis tools necessary to extract essential discoveries from vast data volumes.
We participate in high-precision experiments complementary to the large experiments at the LHC. Mu3e searches for new physics mediated by very heavy particles that would not be visible at the LHC but are expected in many theoretical models, including SUSY. LZ addresses one of the most critical questions in particle physics & cosmology by searching for dark matter. LSST will measure how quickly the expansion of the Universe is speeding up due to the mysterious dark energy that represents 75% of all energy in the Universe and acts like anti-gravity pushing galaxies apart. Through T2K, SK, HK, DUNE, & future projects, Oxford aims to understand the elusive neutrino, its "oscillation" from one type to another, and whether there is a difference between neutrino and anti-neutrino properties - "CP-violation". SNO+ will measure other properties of the neutrino, e.g. whether or not it is its own antiparticle.
Quantum sensor technologies have the potential to change our approach to understanding the Universe radically. We are building the first large-scale atom interferometer in the UK to search for light dark matter particles and gravitational waves (AION). We are also part of MAGIS-100, a 100 m tall device under construction at Fermilab in the US.
We will continue to improve our instrumentation capabilities to retain the ability to construct the most sophisticated apparatus for our experiments. We will maintain our world-leading role for scientific excellence & major state-of-the-art detector construction in particle physics for the future. These are exciting times for particle physics, and Oxford is playing a major role.
Organisations
Publications
Aad G
(2023)
ATLAS flavour-tagging algorithms for the LHC Run 2 pp collision dataset
in The European Physical Journal C
Bortoletto D
(2023)
ATLAS ITk tracking and readout performance
in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
Aad G
(2022)
AtlFast3: The Next Generation of Fast Simulation in ATLAS
in Computing and Software for Big Science
Baxter A
(2022)
Collaborative experience between scientific software projects using Agile Scrum development
in Software: Practice and Experience
Aad G
(2022)
Constraints on Higgs boson production with large transverse momentum using H ? b b ¯ decays in the ATLAS detector
in Physical Review D
Aad G
(2022)
Constraints on Higgs boson properties using $$WW^{*}(\rightarrow e\nu \mu \nu )jj$$ production in $$36.1\,\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$$ of $$\sqrt{s}=13$$ TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector
in The European Physical Journal C
Aad G
(2022)
Determination of the parton distribution functions of the proton using diverse ATLAS data from pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s} = 7$$, 8 and 13 TeV
in The European Physical Journal C
Aad G
(2022)
Direct constraint on the Higgs-charm coupling from a search for Higgs boson decays into charm quarks with the ATLAS detector
in The European Physical Journal C
Aad G
(2022)
Emulating the impact of additional proton-proton interactions in the ATLAS simulation by presampling sets of inelastic Monte Carlo events
in Computing and Software for Big Science
Aad G
(2022)
Erratum to: Search for single top-quark production via flavour-changing neutral currents at 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector
in The European Physical Journal C
Allega A
(2023)
Evidence of Antineutrinos from Distant Reactors Using Pure Water at SNO.
in Physical review letters
Abratenko P
(2023)
First demonstration of O ( 1 ns ) timing resolution in the MicroBooNE liquid argon time projection chamber
in Physical Review D
Abratenko P
(2023)
First Double-Differential Measurement of Kinematic Imbalance in Neutrino Interactions with the MicroBooNE Detector.
in Physical review letters
Abratenko P
(2023)
First Measurement of Quasielastic ? Baryon Production in Muon Antineutrino Interactions in the MicroBooNE Detector.
in Physical review letters
CDF Collaboration†‡
(2022)
High-precision measurement of the W boson mass with the CDF II detector.
in Science (New York, N.Y.)
Abed Abud A
(2023)
Highly-parallelized simulation of a pixelated LArTPC on a GPU
in Journal of Instrumentation
Abud A
(2023)
Identification and reconstruction of low-energy electrons in the ProtoDUNE-SP detector
in Physical Review D
Abed Abud A
(2023)
Impact of cross-section uncertainties on supernova neutrino spectral parameter fitting in the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment
in Physical Review D
Allega A
(2022)
Improved search for invisible modes of nucleon decay in water with the SNO + detector
in Physical Review D
Aad G
(2022)
Measurement of the c-jet mistagging efficiency in $$t\bar{t}$$ events using pp collision data at $$\sqrt{s}=13$$ $$\text {TeV}$$ collected with the ATLAS detector
in The European Physical Journal C
Shinoki M
(2023)
Measurement of the cosmogenic neutron yield in Super-Kamiokande with gadolinium loaded water
in Physical Review D
Aad G
(2022)
Measurement of the energy asymmetry in $$t{\bar{t}}j$$ production at $$13\,$$TeV with the ATLAS experiment and interpretation in the SMEFT framework
in The European Physical Journal C
Aad G
(2022)
Measurement of the energy response of the ATLAS calorimeter to charged pions from $$W^{\pm }\rightarrow \tau ^{\pm }(\rightarrow \pi ^{\pm }\nu _{\tau })\nu _{\tau }$$ events in Run 2 data
in The European Physical Journal C
Sakai S
(2024)
Measurement of the neutrino-oxygen neutral-current quasielastic cross section using atmospheric neutrinos in the SK-Gd experiment
in Physical Review D
Akiba K
(2023)
Measurement of thermal properties of the LHCb VELO detector using track-based software alignment
in Journal of Instrumentation
Aad G
(2022)
Measurements of azimuthal anisotropies of jet production in Pb + Pb collisions at s NN = 5.02 TeV with the ATLAS detector
in Physical Review C
Aad G
(2022)
Measurements of jet observables sensitive to b -quark fragmentation in t t ¯ events at the LHC with the ATLAS detector
in Physical Review D
Abe K
(2023)
Measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters from the T2K experiment using 3.6×1021 protons on target.
in The European physical journal. C, Particles and fields
Abe K
(2023)
Measurements of the ? µ and ? ¯ µ -induced coherent charged pion production cross sections on C 12 by the T2K experiment
in Physical Review D
De Aguiar Francisco O
(2022)
Microchannel cooling for the LHCb VELO Upgrade I
in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
Abratenko P
(2023)
Multidifferential cross section measurements of ? µ -argon quasielasticlike reactions with the MicroBooNE detector
in Physical Review D
Aaij R
(2022)
Observation of the Decay ?_{b}^{0}??_{c}^{+}t^{-}?[over ¯]_{t}.
in Physical review letters
Aad G
(2022)
Observation of WWW Production in pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV with the ATLAS Detector.
in Physical review letters
Aad G
(2022)
Performance of the ATLAS Level-1 topological trigger in Run 2
in The European Physical Journal C
Akiba K
(2022)
Reconstruction of charged tracks with Timepix4 ASICs
Abud A
(2023)
Reconstruction of interactions in the ProtoDUNE-SP detector with Pandora
in The European Physical Journal C
Abe K
(2022)
Scintillator ageing of the T2K near detectors from 2010 to 2021
in Journal of Instrumentation
Harada M
(2023)
Search for Astrophysical Electron Antineutrinos in Super-Kamiokande with 0.01% Gadolinium-loaded Water
in The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Aad G
(2022)
Search for flavour-changing neutral-current interactions of a top quark and a gluon in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s}=13$$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
in The European Physical Journal C
Abratenko P
(2024)
Search for Heavy Neutral Leptons in Electron-Positron and Neutral-Pion Final States with the MicroBooNE Detector
in Physical Review Letters