Designing cereal seeds for nutrition and health
Lead Research Organisation:
Rothamsted Research
Department Name: UNLISTED
Abstract
Abstracts are not currently available in GtR for all funded research. This is normally because the abstract was not required at the time of proposal submission, but may be because it included sensitive information such as personal details.
Technical Summary
The project will deliver lines of wheat with increased benefits for human health, focusing on two important traits: dietary fibre and mineral micronutrients.
Dietary Fibre:
The major dietary fibre components in wholegrain wheat and white flour are cell wall polysaccharides, arabinoxylan (AX) and ß-glucan. The objectives of the research in this area are to:
1. Determine the extent of genetic variation and genetic control of the content and composition in wheat to identify sources of variation for exploitation in breeding
2. Produce wheat lines with defined differences in endosperm cell wall composition, by identifying key synthetic genes and, using transgenesis or mutagenesis, modify their expression. We will then compare the location of these genes with QTLs for dietary fibre.
3. Characterise these transgenic wheat lines to determine the properties for specific end uses: human health, livestock feed and biofuels/distilling
4. Exploit information gained from manipulation of wheat endosperm cell walls to build a model of genes responsible for synthesis and feruloylation of xylan in grasses.
Mineral micronutrients:
Studies on mineral micronutrients will focus on increasing the contents of bioavailable iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) in wheat. The objectives are to:
1. Exploit natural genetic variation in Fe and Zn concentrations and determine the chemical speciation in wheat grain.
2. Determine QTLs associated with Fe/Zn concentrations using double haploid populations grown in different seasons/locations with different levels of N.
3. Enhance Fe/Zn concentrations and/or bioavailability in wheat endosperm by transformation with candidate genes involved in their transport to and deposition in the grain.
4. Determine Fe/Zn chemical species and bioavailability in transgenic wheat.
Dietary Fibre:
The major dietary fibre components in wholegrain wheat and white flour are cell wall polysaccharides, arabinoxylan (AX) and ß-glucan. The objectives of the research in this area are to:
1. Determine the extent of genetic variation and genetic control of the content and composition in wheat to identify sources of variation for exploitation in breeding
2. Produce wheat lines with defined differences in endosperm cell wall composition, by identifying key synthetic genes and, using transgenesis or mutagenesis, modify their expression. We will then compare the location of these genes with QTLs for dietary fibre.
3. Characterise these transgenic wheat lines to determine the properties for specific end uses: human health, livestock feed and biofuels/distilling
4. Exploit information gained from manipulation of wheat endosperm cell walls to build a model of genes responsible for synthesis and feruloylation of xylan in grasses.
Mineral micronutrients:
Studies on mineral micronutrients will focus on increasing the contents of bioavailable iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) in wheat. The objectives are to:
1. Exploit natural genetic variation in Fe and Zn concentrations and determine the chemical speciation in wheat grain.
2. Determine QTLs associated with Fe/Zn concentrations using double haploid populations grown in different seasons/locations with different levels of N.
3. Enhance Fe/Zn concentrations and/or bioavailability in wheat endosperm by transformation with candidate genes involved in their transport to and deposition in the grain.
4. Determine Fe/Zn chemical species and bioavailability in transgenic wheat.
Planned Impact
unavailable
Organisations
People |
ORCID iD |
| Peter Shewry (Principal Investigator) |
Publications
Alessandri S
(2012)
High-Throughput NMR Assessment of the Tertiary Structure of Food Allergens
in PLoS ONE
Anders N
(2012)
Glycosyl transferases in family 61 mediate arabinofuranosyl transfer onto xylan in grasses
in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Becraft, Philip W.
(2013)
Seed Genomics
Berecz B
(2013)
Stability of sunflower 2S albumins and LTP to physiologically relevant in vitro gastrointestinal digestion.
in Food chemistry
Bromilow S
(2017)
A curated gluten protein sequence database to support development of proteomics methods for determination of gluten in gluten-free foods.
in Journal of proteomics
Bromilow SN
(2016)
Comprehensive Proteomic Profiling of Wheat Gluten Using a Combination of Data-Independent and Data-Dependent Acquisition.
in Frontiers in plant science
Bromilow Sophie N. L.
(2016)
Characterising Unintended Effects of Genetic Modification on Expression of Gluten Proteins Involved in IgE-Mediated Allergies and Coeliac Disease Using Proteomics
in JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
Brouns F
(2015)
A call to action - the cereal foods industry must share responsibility for public health
in Milling and Grain
Brouns F
(2013)
Does wheat make us fat and sick?
in Journal of Cereal Science
Chatzifragkou A
(2015)
Biorefinery strategies for upgrading Distillers' Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS)
in Process Biochemistry
Chatzifragkou A
(2016)
Extractability and characteristics of proteins deriving from wheat DDGS.
in Food chemistry
Chen ZC
(2013)
Adaptation to acidic soil is achieved by increased numbers of cis-acting elements regulating ALMT1 expression in Holcus lanatus.
in The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology
Chope GA
(2014)
Effects of genotype, season, and nitrogen nutrition on gene expression and protein accumulation in wheat grain.
in Journal of agricultural and food chemistry
Corol DI
(2012)
Effects of genotype and environment on the contents of betaine, choline, and trigonelline in cereal grains.
in Journal of agricultural and food chemistry
Corol DI
(2016)
(1)H-NMR screening for the high-throughput determination of genotype and environmental effects on the content of asparagine in wheat grain.
in Plant biotechnology journal
Costabile A
(2014)
Effect of breadmaking process on in vitro gut microbiota parameters in irritable bowel syndrome.
in PloS one
De Santis M
(2017)
Differences in gluten protein composition between old and modern durum wheat genotypes in relation to 20th century breeding in Italy
in European Journal of Agronomy
Delcour, Jan; Poutanen, Kaisa
(2013)
Fibre-Rich and Wholegrain Foods: Improving Quality
Eagling T
(2014)
Iron bioavailability in two commercial cultivars of wheat: comparison between wholegrain and white flour and the effects of nicotianamine and 2'-deoxymugineic acid on iron uptake into Caco-2 cells.
in Journal of agricultural and food chemistry
Eagling T
(2014)
Distribution and Speciation of Iron and Zinc in Grain of Two Wheat Genotypes
in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Freeman J
(2015)
Effect of suppression of arabinoxylan synthetic genes in wheat endosperm on chain length of arabinoxylan and extract viscosity
in Plant Biotechnology Journal
Freeman J
(2017)
Feruloylation and structure of arabinoxylan in wheat endosperm cell walls from RNAi lines with suppression of genes responsible for backbone synthesis and decoration.
in Plant biotechnology journal
González-Thuillier I
(2015)
Distribution of Lipids in the Grain of Wheat (cv. Hereward) Determined by Lipidomic Analysis of Milling and Pearling Fractions.
in Journal of agricultural and food chemistry
| Description | Identified genetic sources of high dietary fibre wheat for improved human health Identified genes controlling fibre synthesis in wheat and characterised them by RNAi knock out in transgenic plants Determined new information of mechanism of action of fibre in reducing the rate of glucose release during digestion of bread |
| Exploitation Route | With breeders and food processors, supported by TSB and BBSRC |
| Sectors | Agriculture Food and Drink Healthcare |
| Description | VAUGHAN: RRes-BecAILRI workshop strengthening links with the Plant Signalling and Livestock Programmes |
| Amount | £33,400 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/GCRF-IAA/18 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 11/2016 |
| End | 02/2017 |